CN201041488Y - Three-dimensional topography measuring instrument for rock surface - Google Patents

Abstract

A rock surface three-dimensional topography measuring instrument, which includes: a pedestal; a grating fixed on the pedestal and used to generate a preset phase, and project the grid formed by the grating onto the rock surface to be measured so that the A grating projection device that divides the rock to be measured into multiple measurement spaces; two camera devices that are fixed on the pedestal and are used to photograph reference objects and images of the rock to be measured that have been divided into multiple measurement spaces; and The two camera devices are connected, a data acquisition device for collecting the image data taken by the two camera devices; The spatial coordinates of the image point establish the functional relationship between the image point and the actual spatial coordinates, and calculate the actual spatial orientation coordinates of the plurality of measurement spaces according to the functional relationship to obtain the three-dimensional topography of the rock surface to be measured. Effective and rapid measurement of the surface three-dimensional topography of the rock to be measured.

Description

Three-dimensional topography measuring instrument for rock surface

technical field

The utility model relates to a rock surface three-dimensional shape measuring instrument.

Background technique

At present, there are roughly two types of measuring equipment for measuring rock surface topography at home and abroad, contact profilometers with mechanical probes and non-contact profilometers with laser probes. Neither of them can directly obtain the three-dimensional topography of the rock surface. They can only obtain the three-dimensional topography of the rock surface by combining the measured point data or line data. Therefore, the actual measurement speed is slow and the amount of data obtained in one measurement is small. And the measurement accuracy is easily affected by the sampling distance. At the same time, due to the limitation of the effective measurement area and elevation of the profiler, it is necessary to measure the large-scale rock surface in sections, which makes it difficult to determine the baseline, so the accuracy of large-scale measurement is low.

Therefore, how to solve the many shortcomings of the prior art has become a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a three-dimensional shape measuring instrument for rock surface, so as to realize fast and effective measurement of rock surface shape characteristics.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a three-dimensional topography measuring instrument of rock surface, which includes: a pedestal, fixed on the pedestal, used to generate a grating with a preset phase, and project the grid formed by the grating to the surface of the rock to be measured so as to divide the rock to be measured into a plurality of measurement spaces; The two camera devices of the image of the rock are connected with the two camera devices, and are used to collect the data acquisition device of the image data taken by the two camera devices, and are connected with the data acquisition device for Establish a functional relationship between the image point and the actual space coordinates according to the actual space orientation coordinates of the reference object and the image point space coordinates of the images of the reference object captured by the two cameras, and analyze the collected image data to obtain the plurality of measurements A computer that calculates the actual spatial orientation coordinates of the multiple measurement spaces according to the image point coordinates and the functional relationship to obtain the three-dimensional topography of the rock surface to be measured.

Wherein, the grating projection device produces a grating with discrete binary coded information, and the rock surface three-dimensional shape measuring instrument further includes a calibration block used as a reference object for establishing the functional relationship between the image point and the actual space coordinates.

In summary, the rock surface three-dimensional shape measuring instrument of the present utility model measures the actual space coordinates of each measurement space by dividing the rock surface, and then can obtain the three-dimensional shape characteristics of the rock surface, realizing fast and effective Measurement of rock topography.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rock surface three-dimensional topography measuring instrument of the present invention.

Fig. 2a to Fig. 2d are schematic diagrams of the grating produced by the rock surface three-dimensional shape measuring instrument of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the measuring principle of the rock surface three-dimensional shape measuring instrument of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Please refer to Fig. 1, the rock surface three-dimensional profile measuring instrument 1 of the present utility model at least includes: pedestal 11, grating projection device 13, calibration block, two camera devices 15a and 15b, data acquisition device and computer, for simplified illustration, The calibration block, the data acquisition device and the computer are not shown in the figure, and will be described in advance here.

The pedestal is used to support the grating projection device 13 and the two camera devices 15a and 15b, usually it can be a tripod, and its height can also be adjusted arbitrarily.

The grating projection device 13 is fixed on the pedestal, and is used to generate a grating with a preset phase, and project the grid formed by the grating onto the rock surface to be measured so as to divide the rock surface to be measured into multiple measurement space, the generated grating has discrete binary coded information, please refer to Fig. 2a to 2d, wherein, the grating shown in Fig. 2a can divide the rock surface to be measured into 2 measurement spaces, as shown in Fig. 2b The grating can divide the rock surface to be measured into 4 measurement spaces, the grating shown in Figure 2c can divide the rock surface to be measured into 8 measurement spaces, and the grating shown in Figure 2d can divide the The rock surface to be measured is divided into 16 measurement spaces. In addition, those skilled in the art may also use grids with different widths according to actual precision requirements.

The calibration block is used as a reference object for establishing the functional relationship between the image point and the actual space coordinates. A series of standard points are set on the calibration block, and the distance between each standard point is fixed.

The two camera devices 15a and 15b are respectively fixed on the pedestal for taking images of the reference object and the rock to be measured which have been divided into a plurality of measurement points. As shown in FIG. 1, the two camera devices Devices 15a and 15b are respectively fixed on both sides of the raster projection device 13, both of which are high-precision industrial CCD cameras.

Described data collecting device 16 is installed on the main board of the computer, is connected with described two camera devices by data cable, is used for collecting the image data that described two camera devices are photographed, and it is a data acquisition card, because camera device The principle and structure of data collection are already known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

The computer 17 is connected with the data acquisition device, and is used to establish the function of the image point and the actual space coordinates according to the actual space orientation coordinates of the reference object and the image point space coordinates of the images of the reference object captured by the two cameras. relationship, and analyze the collected image data to obtain the corresponding image point coordinates of the plurality of measurement points, and calculate the actual spatial orientation coordinates of the plurality of measurement points according to the image point coordinates and the functional relationship to obtain The three-dimensional topography of the rock surface to be measured, for example, when the surveyor selects several standard points on the standard block, the images of the several standard points are picked up by the camera devices 15a and 15b, because each standard The point distance between the points is fixed, and by measuring the point distance and the image point space coordinates of each standard point taken, the computer can calculate the relevant parameter values according to the principle of photogrammetry, thus the image can be established. The functional relationship between the point space coordinates and the actual space coordinates, then when the grating projection device 13 projects several pieces of specific coded gratings onto the rock to be measured, two cameras at a certain angle, namely 15a and 15b, acquire corresponding images synchronously, Please refer to Fig. 3, for the P point on the rock surface to be measured, the computer decodes and phase calculates the collected image data, and utilizes matching technology to obtain the P point captured by the two camera devices 15a and 15b The image point coordinates in the image are respectively P1 and P2, and the computer can solve the three-dimensional coordinates of the pixel points in the common viewing area of the two camera devices according to the functional relationship between the established image point coordinates and the actual space orientation coordinates. Note that What is more, the computer completes the aforementioned functions through analysis software.

In addition, if the surface area of the rock to be measured exceeds the maximum effective measurement area, the three-dimensional characteristic value of the large-scale rock surface can be obtained by pasting the feature points and taking multiple measurements, and automatically splicing the feature points of the multiple measurement results.

In summary, the rock surface three-dimensional shape measuring instrument of the present utility model overcomes the problems existing in the mechanical contact and laser non-contact measurement methods, and the measurement size and position are not limited, easy to carry, and can be used in laboratories and on-site , and obtained a highly integrated three-dimensional shape measuring instrument for rock surface, which simplifies the complex three-dimensional shape measurement and shape parameter calculation process of rock surface, and makes use of the characteristics of simple operation, portability, and human-computer interaction of computer programs to make to complete with one key. The measurement speed is fast, the data volume is large, and the error is small.

Claims (3)

1. A rock surface three-dimensional profile measuring instrument is characterized in that comprising: Pedestal; A grating projection device, fixed on the pedestal, is used to generate a grating with a preset phase, and project the grid formed by the grating onto the rock surface to be measured so as to divide the rock surface to be measured into a plurality of measurements space; two camera devices, fixed on the pedestal, for taking images of the reference object and the rocks to be measured that have been divided into multiple measurement spaces; A data acquisition device, connected to the two camera devices, for collecting image data captured by the two camera devices; A computer, connected to the data acquisition device, is used to establish a functional relationship between the image point and the actual space coordinates according to the actual space orientation coordinates of the reference object and the image point space coordinates of the images of the reference object captured by the two cameras, and Analyzing the collected image data of the rock to be measured to obtain the corresponding image point coordinates of the plurality of measurement spaces, and calculating the actual spatial orientation coordinates of the plurality of measurement spaces according to the image point coordinates and the functional relationship to obtain The three-dimensional topography of the rock surface to be measured is obtained. 2. The rock surface three-dimensional topography measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein said grating projection device generates a grating with discrete binary coded information. 3. The rock surface three-dimensional profile measuring instrument according to claim 1, further comprising: a calibration block used as a reference object for establishing the functional relationship between image points and actual space coordinates.

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