The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of that be applied to Coal Production and the supporting exploder of electromagnetic detonators.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopted is: flame-proof mine electromagnetic detonators exploder comprises power circuit, scm managing system, the charging accumulator, the charging voltage testing circuit, discharge circuit, the duplex feeding of power circuit outputs to scm managing system and other operating circuit respectively, scm managing system respectively with the charging accumulator, the charging voltage testing circuit, discharge circuit connects, monitor the work of described three circuit, the charging accumulator is connected with discharge circuit with the charging voltage testing circuit respectively, its charged state is transported to the charging voltage testing circuit and detects, charge and can discharge by discharge circuit.
Power circuit comprises battery pack E, LM7805, LM317, and battery pack E outputs to entire circuit, and LM317 outputs to single-chip microcomputer.
The charging accumulator comprises FET T1, T2, step-up transformer B1, storage capacitor E1, E2, the elementary connection FET of step-up transformer B1 T1, T2, secondary connection storage capacitor E1, E2, single-chip microcomputer outputs control signals to T1, T2 and controls its conducting and end, and controls step-up transformer B1 thus to electric capacity E1, and E2 is charging alternately.
The charging voltage testing circuit comprises sampling potentiometer P1, and institute's power taking place value is input to scm managing system.
Discharge circuit comprises FET N3, N4, transformer B2, B3, B4, high power valve T4, T5, the output of FET N3, N4 connects transformer B3, B4 respectively, transformer B3, B4 output connects high power valve T4, T5 respectively, the output of the last generation of high power valve T4, T5 connects the elementary of transformer B2, FET N3 is controlled in scm managing system output respectively, the N4 alternate conduction is ended, further end, thereby give the discharge bus at the big electric current of secondary output high frequency of step-up transformer B2 by transformer B3, B4 control high power valve T4, T5 conducting.
The single-chip microcomputer that adopts in the described scm managing system is MSP430F1121.
The good effect that the utility model had is:
Electromagnetic detonators itself is antistatic, stray electrical and external electric pulse disturb, can fundamentally solve the safety problem of detonator to electricity, and water, blasting medium environment that resistance is low are being arranged, and no extraneous factor causes the detonator electrical short to lose big gun, adapt to well worker colliery natural coal blasting excavation especially.
The utility model will make electromagnetic detonators progress into the field of coal mine underground explosion, improve effectively and solve unusual explosion problems such as detonator miss-fires in the coal mine underground explosion operation, improve workman's operating environment, improve the security and the operating efficiency of coal mine underground explosion operation.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is further described.
The colliery is by charging to storage capacitor with the operation principle of flame-proof type electromagnetic detonators exploder, pass through two high-power FETs by the certain frequency alternating discharge by storage capacitor when blowing out, blowing out the big electric current that obtains a high frequency on the bus, in the detonator payment to a porter, induce the alternating voltage of same frequency by being through magnet ring on the bus, thereby this alternating voltage produces the electric current detonating primer in the loop checking installation of detonator payment to a porter and bridge silk.
Its general structure as shown in Figure 1, flame-proof mine electromagnetic detonators exploder comprises power circuit 1, scm managing system 2, charging accumulator 3, charging voltage testing circuit 4, discharge circuit 5, the duplex feeding of power circuit 1 outputs to scm managing system 2 and other operating circuit respectively, scm managing system 2 respectively with the charging accumulator 3, charging voltage testing circuit 4, discharge circuit 5 connects, monitor the work of described three circuit, charging accumulator 3 is connected with discharge circuit 5 with charging voltage testing circuit 4 respectively, its charged state is transported to charging voltage testing circuit 4 and detects, and institute charge and can pass through discharge circuit 5 and discharge.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 2 the each several part circuit is described further.
Power circuit
Power circuit 1 is that the ni-mh of 1200mAH or nickel-cadmium cell group E, relay J 1,5V voltage-stablizer LM7805, digital and Adjustable LM317, main components and parts such as potentiometer P2, P3 are formed by 6 joint capacity mainly.By the power supply (VCC=5V) of voltage-stablizer LM7805 output 5V, wherein electrochemical capacitor C1, C2, C3, C5, C8, C10 are filter capacitor.Can change the output voltage of digital and Adjustable LM317 by regulator potentiometer P3, wherein R18 is a ballast resistance, and C9 is a filter capacitor.Two groups of mu balanced circuits provide galvanic current to press for respectively SCM system and other operating circuit.In Fig. 2, GHG is a tongue tube, when the magnetic key near the time GHG closure, battery is powered to entire circuit.Relay J 1 gets electric, and LM7805 output VCC gives operational amplifier LM324 and reverser 7404 power supplies, and regulator potentiometer P3 makes LM317 output 3V voltage power to single-chip microcomputer.Gauge tap adopts magnetic control near switch, has overcome the defective of mechanical type control pass rapid wear in traditional exploder, makes this device safe and reliable.
The charging accumulator
Charging circuit is mainly by FET T1, T2, transformer B1, and storage capacitor E1, E2, potentiometer P1, resistance R 11, relay J 2, triode N2, LM324 and main components and parts such as 7404 are formed.The elementary connection FET of step-up transformer B1 T1, T2, secondary connection storage capacitor E1, E2, single-chip microcomputer output control signals to T1, T2 and control its conducting and end, and control step-up transformer B1 thus to electric capacity E1, and E2 is charging alternately.
Because it is the high frequency alternating current that the electromagnetic detonators exploder requires output, so storage capacitor should adopt the form of two or two groups capacitances in series to connect.Adopt the transformer booster circuit to finish for the charging of storage capacitor.The former limit of transformer is two windings that common contact is arranged, and common contact is received the positive pole of power supply by current-limiting resistance.The transformer secondary has a winding, and the winding two ends are connected on the two ends of series connection accumulation electric capacity respectively.All should be controlled by an independent separately FET conduction time of each winding of former limit.
For accurate opening and deadline of control FET, alternately export square-wave voltage by the P1.0 and the P1.1 mouth of single-chip microcomputer, to control the conducting of two FETs respectively and end, the frequency of square wave presets by software, finishes the work to the storage capacitor charging.When the voltage on the storage capacitor reached certain value, 4 one of the output of charging voltage observation circuit stopped charging signals and give single-chip microcomputer, and the P1.0 of single-chip microcomputer and the output of P1.1 mouth are stopped, and finished charging process.Charging voltage of single-chip microcomputer output simultaneously reaches the signal of setting value, drives the full LED light of charging voltage, waits for the signal of blowing out.
Its course of work is as follows, as accompanying drawing 2, when magnetic key GHG closure during near GHG, the KGBJ signal is that high level is exported to single-chip microcomputer by low transition, square-wave signal KZCD1, KZCD2 that Single-chip Controlling output certain frequency replaces, KZCD1, KZCD2 square-wave signal carry out conducting that alternately square-wave signal CD1, CD2 that level conversion obtains same frequency control FET T1, T2, end through reverser 7404, control step-up transformer B1 thus to electric capacity E1, and E2 is charging alternately.Resistance R 11 and potentiometer P1 are used for the charging voltage of control capacittance E1, E2.When charging voltage is too high,, can reduce the charging voltage of E1, E2 by heightening potentiometer.After charging is finished, can obtain high level signal CDBJ1=1 by CDBJ, export to single-chip microcomputer, FPKZ=1 makes triode N2 conducting by Single-chip Controlling output high level signal, relay J 2, J2-3, the J2-4 normally-closed contact disconnects, J2-4, J2-5 normally opened contact closure, carry out and blow out preparation, wait for and blow out signal.
The charging voltage testing circuit
The charging voltage testing circuit mainly is made up of components and parts such as potentiometer P1, voltage-stabiliser tube WY1, capacitor C 11, resistance R 11, operational amplifier LM324.In the charging voltage testing circuit, resistance R 11 is formed bleeder circuit with potentiometer P1, and voltage-stabiliser tube WY1 is in order to limit the voltage of voltage-stablizer P1, to prevent the too high operational amplifier LM324 that burns out of CDBJ level signal.Export a signal when being higher than setting value by the detected charging voltage of sampling potentiometer P1 and give scm managing system 2, the saltus step of single-chip microcomputer FPKZ signal is a high level, transistor N2 conducting, and relay T2 adhesive, wait is blown out.
Discharge circuit
The effect of discharge circuit 5 is to blowing out the big electric current of output high frequency on the bus in the time interval of 3.5-4 millisecond.Discharge circuit is mainly by FET N3, N4, transformer B2, B3, B4, and big merit pipe T4, T5, LM324 and main components and parts such as 7404 are formed.The output of FET N3, N4 connects transformer B3, B4 respectively, transformer B3, B4 output connects high power valve T4, T5 respectively, the output of the last generation of high power valve T4, T5 connects the elementary of transformer B2, FET N3 is controlled in scm managing system 2 outputs respectively, the N4 alternate conduction is ended, further end, thereby give the discharge bus at the big electric current of secondary output high frequency of step-up transformer B2 by transformer B3, B4 control high power valve T4, T5 conducting.
The discharge process of storage capacitor also is the process that exploder is blown out.Storage capacitor will blown out the very big high frequency electric of output on the bus in when discharge, owing to when blowing out detonating primer, output to the still high frequency alternating current on the bus, this part circuit is made up of monolithic processor controlled high-power FET, output transformer.The emphasis of this circuit is the type selecting of high power valve, and according to the requirement of experiment of this exploder, the transformer primary current is more than 40A, capacitance voltage reaches as high as 600V, by the output requirement of mining exploder, the bussed supply time can not surpass 4Ms, so very high to the requirement of high power valve.Comprehensive above-mentioned specification requirement, consider safe clearance, selecting model for use is the high-power FET of SGL60N170D, its output-current rating is 60A, the pulse output current is 180A, ceiling voltage is 1700V, and switching frequency can satisfy the switching frequency demand that reaches of the output current and the voltage of this exploder greater than 40 kilocycles.
Make the P1.3 of MSP430F1121 and the square-wave voltage that the P1.4 mouth is alternately exported certain frequency by the The application of single-chip computer program when blowing out, control the conducting of two high-power FETs respectively and end, make storage capacitor by certain frequency to bussed supply.The square-wave voltage frequency of single-chip microcomputer output can be done freely according to the physical parameters such as permeability of detonator magnet ring and be adjusted by the program setting that writes single-chip microcomputer.
The safe power supply time of exploder is the important parameter of exploder, through experimental test, the discharge time of most exploder detonating primers is at the 2-3 millisecond, if the discharge time of exploder is long, might when blasting network is broken or overlap again, produces electric spark and cause gas explosion, in this project, the safe power supply time of exploder is set by SCM program, behind setting-up time, control program will forbid that charging capacitor externally discharges, and guarantee that discharge time is between the 3.5-4 millisecond.
The course of work of discharge circuit is as follows, as accompanying drawing 2, the KGBJ signal is that low level signal is exported to single-chip microcomputer by the high level saltus step when removing the magnetic key, the alternately square-wave signal FDT1 of Single-chip Controlling output certain frequency, ZDT1, carry out the alternately square-wave signal FDT2 that level conversion obtains same frequency through reverser 7404, ZDT2 controls FET N3, the conducting of N4, end, N3, the square-wave signal of N4 output is through step-up transformer B3, B4 amplifies the alternately square-wave signal SC+ that obtains same frequency, SC-, control high power valve T4, the conducting of T5, end, the output frequency of controlling step-up transformer B2 thus makes blows out the big electric current that obtains a high frequency on the bus, in the detonator payment to a porter, induce the alternating voltage of same frequency by being through magnet ring on the bus, thereby this alternating voltage produces the electric current detonating primer in the loop checking installation of detonator payment to a porter and bridge silk.Make by the software setting and to be controlled at discharge time between the 3.5-4 millisecond.
Holding circuit
The protection of power circuit:
A, to battery charge the time when preventing to cut off the power supply battery outwards discharge damages battery, in circuit, set up reverse hold-off diode D9 in order to protect battery pack.
B, when battery voltage is lower than when setting value, the QYZS signal is that high level is exported to single-chip microcomputer by low transition, makes bi-colour LED L2 send under-voltage index signal alert by single-chip microcomputer outputting drive voltage signal.
The protection of charging circuit:
In charging process, can monitor in real time charging voltage by the CDBJ signal, make bi-colour LED L1 send the indication of operate as normal and malfunction by Single-chip Controlling outputting drive voltage signal when abnormal conditions occurring.
The protection of discharge circuit:
A, for the control utmost point that prevents high power valve produces high pressure and punctures, adopt voltage-stabiliser tube (WY2, WY3) pressure limiting to protect high power valve in the circuit.
B, export to single-chip microcomputer by the height of PD signal level, the high power valve charging voltage is monitored in real time by single-chip microcomputer as accompanying drawing.When high power valve broke down, single-chip microcomputer sent driving voltage CDZS signal, made bi-colour light L1 send indicating fault.
Scm managing system
Mining exploder is mainly used under the more abominable mine of environment, and humidity and dust are all very big in the mine, and is very big to the influence of electronic product.So it is the designing requirement circuit is succinct as far as possible, reliable, low with fault rate, be convenient to be maintained as principle.
Chang Yong singlechip microprocessor has 8031 a few days ago, 80C196 and MSP430 series.Preceding two kinds of microprocessors need to dispose EPROM and RAM in addition and come stored routine and data, and the circuit relative complex is difficult for realizing the miniaturization of complete machine, and having relatively high expectations to power supply.And exploder operating current when charged state is very big, and supply voltage can decline to a great extent, and this moment 8031, two kinds of microprocessors of 80C196 are with cisco unity malfunction.The scope of MSP430 series monolithic power supply is very big, and is SMD element, and volume is little.So MSP430F1121 in the processor adopting MSP430 series monolithic of this machine.
MSP430F1121 is a 4K of the having bytes Flash Memory in the MSP430 series, the single-chip microcomputer of 256 byte RAM.Operating voltage range is 1.8V-3.6V, can be under the voltage range of broad operate as normal, in the time of solving the exploder charging because electric current causes the problem of the rapid decline of supply voltage greatly.MSP430F1121 has many mouthfuls of output functions, has simplified the peripheral circuit of this machine, makes the circuit of this machine succinct, can satisfy steady operation in the abominable mine of environment, and fault rate is low, and maintenance work is requirement simply and easily.This single-chip microcomputer also has the stable characteristics of system works in addition: behind the electrification reset, at first start CPU by DCOCLK, begin from correct position to carry out with the assurance program, guarantee that crystal oscillator has enough startups and stabilization time.Can last system clock frequency be set with software then.If crystal oscillator breaks down as cpu clock the time, DCO can start automatically, to guarantee system's operate as normal; If program fleet, the door dog can reset it automatically.