CN1995866B - Two-stage and multi-stage second-class absorption heat pump - Google Patents
Two-stage and multi-stage second-class absorption heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN1995866B CN1995866B CN200610166242A CN200610166242A CN1995866B CN 1995866 B CN1995866 B CN 1995866B CN 200610166242 A CN200610166242 A CN 200610166242A CN 200610166242 A CN200610166242 A CN 200610166242A CN 1995866 B CN1995866 B CN 1995866B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
Abstract
The invention provides two-stage and multi-stage second class absorption heat pump, belonging to heat pump technology area. It is divided into closed type and opened type. It mainly comprises generator, absorber, absorption-evaporation machine, evaporator, condensator, throttle valve, solution pump and cryogen liquid pump. The opened type has not evaporator. Cryogen steam generated by the generator enters into condensator to be condensed. The cryogen liquid is provided to evaporator and every stage absorption-evaporation machines respectively by pump. Cryogen liquid entering to the evaporator by throttling absorbs residual heat and is steamed to provide for absorption-evaporation machine. Cryogen liquid entering into the absorption-evaporation machine directly or by throttling absorbs heat and is steamed to provide for next stage absorption-evaporation machine. Dilute solution absorbs heat in all generators and releases cryogen steam so that the concentration rises gradually and the dilute solution enters into absorber to absorb high-temperature heat generated by cryogen steam. The solution absorbs cryogen steam from absorber, every stage absorption-evaporation machine and the concentration decreases step by step. Finally it returns to first-stage generator. Middle heat exchanger heats the solution by transferring heat between corresponding absorption-evaporation machine and generator. The invention can realize the rising of residual temperature by two steps or multiple steps.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to low temperature exhaust heat and utilize technical field of heat pumps.
Background technology:
Adopting the absorption heat pump technology to carry out UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN is effective means, has reasonable energy-saving and environmental protection and economic benefit, and the prerequisite of utilizing heat pump is that heat pump can rise to heat more than the level of user's request from waste heat supply temperature.In the very abundant occasion of residual heat resources, if the temperature of waste heat is relatively low, or the hot temperature requirement of user's usefulness is higher relatively, and the heat supply temperature of single-stage two class heat pumps can not satisfy customer requirements, needs to adopt two class heat pumps of two-stage or two-stage above (promptly multistage) this moment.
The level of utilizing heat pump that the temperature of waste heat is brought up to user's request is to realize the energy-conservation most important condition, in addition also should make the structure of heat pump accomplish as far as possible to simplify, to reduce the heat transfer link of waste heat in lifting process.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to provide two-stage and multi-stage second-class absorption heat pump, and it can rise to the waste heat of lower temperature higher temperature, has expanded the scope of low temperature exhaust heat to high temperature user heat supply of utilizing.
Two-stage provided by the invention and multi-stage second-class absorption heat pump are divided into enclosed and open type two big classes.The object of the present invention is achieved like this, for enclosed two-stage and multi-stage second-class absorption heat pump, it mainly is made up of two and plural generator, absorber, (at different levels) absorption-evaporimeter, evaporimeter, condenser, choke valve, solution pump and solution heat exchanger institutes such as (options); Compare enclosed two-stage and multi-stage second-class absorption heat pump, corresponding open type two-stage and multi-stage second-class absorption heat pump, its () has been save evaporimeter, and afterheat steam directly enters first-stage generator and one-level absorption-evaporimeter.
Enclosed two-stage second class absorption heat pump shown in Figure 1, it mainly is made up of first-stage generator, second-stage generator, absorber, one-level absorption-evaporimeter, evaporimeter, choke valve, solution pump, cryogen liquid pump and solution heat exchanger etc.; In the system: 1. first-stage generator second has the solution pipeline to link to each other through solution pump, first solution heat exchanger with second-stage generator respectively, there is the solution pipeline to link to each other through first solution heat exchanger and one-level absorption-evaporimeter, link to each other with the refrigerant vapour passage is arranged between the condenser, and have pipeline to be communicated with the waste heat medium; 2. second-stage generator is except that with first-stage generator links to each other, also there is the solution pipeline to link to each other through first solution pump, second solution heat exchanger with absorber respectively, link to each other with the refrigerant vapour passage is arranged between the condenser, link to each other with one-level absorption-evaporimeter by intermediate heat exchanger; 3. absorber is except that with second-stage generator links to each other, and also has the solution pipeline to link to each other through between second solution heat exchanger and the one-level absorption-evaporimeter respectively, has the refrigerant vapour passage to link to each other with one-level absorption-evaporimeter, and has channel connection to be heated fluid; 4. one-level absorption-evaporimeter also has cryogen liquid pipeline to link to each other with condenser through the cryogen liquid pump respectively except that with second-stage generator, absorber, first-stage generator link to each other, and has the refrigerant vapour passage to link to each other with evaporimeter; 5. evaporimeter also has cryogen liquid passage to link to each other with condenser through choke valve except that with one-level absorption-evaporimeter links to each other, and has pipeline to be communicated with the waste heat medium; 6. condenser also has pipeline to be communicated with cooling medium except that with first-stage generator, second-stage generator, evaporimeter, one-level absorption-evaporimeter link to each other.It is characterized in that: 1. from the weak solution of one-level absorption-evaporimeter, concentration increases discharged refrigerant vapour by waste heat heating in first-stage generator after, this solution enters second-stage generator again, concentration further increases under intermediate heat exchanger heating (this heat is from one-level absorption-evaporimeter), and then enter the refrigerant vapour of absorber absorption from one-level absorption-evaporimeter higher temperature, emit the high-grade heat heated medium is heated; The solution that concentration reduces behind the absorption refrigerant vapour enters one-level absorption-evaporimeter, absorb the refrigerant vapour of flash-pot and emit heat, this heat part is used to make the vaporization of cryogen liquid to provide the refrigerant vapour of higher temperature to absorber, another part through intermediate heat exchanger to the second-stage generator transmission; Absorb the further thinning solution of refrigerant vapour concentration in the one-level absorption-evaporimeter and enter first-stage generator again, finish the solution circulation; 2. the refrigerant vapour of first-stage generator and second-stage generator generation all directly enters condenser, cooled off, be condensed into cryogen liquid by cooling medium from the unit outside, this cryogen liquid is behind cryogen liquid pump pressure-raising, a part enters evaporimeter, absorbs waste heat after the choke valve throttling, another part directly enters one-level absorptions-evaporimeter and absorbs heat, is vaporizated into refrigerant vapour and enter absorber and absorbed by concentrated solution; 3. intermediate heat exchanger connects second-stage generator and one-level absorption-evaporimeter, takes the part heat release in the one-level absorption-evaporimeter away, is used for the demand for heat of meeting tier 2 generator solution.
Enclosed two-stage second class absorption heat pump shown in Figure 2, agent structure and technology and condensate liquid adopt the enclosed two-stage second class absorption heat pump basically identical of throttle style respectively, different is: 1. intermediate heat exchanger independently not, adopt a part of refrigerant medium to finish heat transmission between one-level absorption-evaporimeter and the second-stage generator; 2. the type difference of evaporimeter, the former adopts the dry type evaporation mode, and the refrigerant medium in latter's evaporimeter after the throttling mainly adopts the heat exchange of spray mode, and adopts the recirculation of cryogen liquid; 3. the waste heat medium at first enters the evaporimeter heat release, and then enters the first-stage generator heat release, is serial flow.
Three grade of second class absorption heat pump of enclosed shown in Figure 3, it mainly is made up of first-stage generator, second-stage generator, absorber, one-level absorption-evaporimeter, secondary absorption-evaporimeter, evaporimeter, choke valve, solution pump and cryogen liquid pump etc.Most of basically identical on it and enclosed two-stage second class absorption heat pump structure shown in Figure 1 and the flow process, different is: 1. the number of absorption-evaporimeter is 2, there is solution line to link to each other respectively between absorber and the secondary absorption-evaporimeter, has solution line refrigerant vapour passage to link to each other between secondary absorption-evaporimeter and the one-level absorption-evaporimeter respectively with the refrigerant vapour passage; 2. the cryogen liquid that comes from condenser is through being divided into three parts behind the cryogen liquid pump pressure-raising: a part enters evaporimeter heat absorption, vaporization after the throttling of first throttle valve, a part enters the heat absorption of one-level absorption-evaporimeter, vaporization after the second choke valve throttling, a part directly enters the heat absorption of secondary absorption-evaporimeter, vaporization again.
Three grade of second class absorption heat pump of enclosed shown in Figure 4, it mainly is made up of first-stage generator, second-stage generator, three grades of generators, absorber, one-level absorption-evaporimeter, secondary absorption-evaporimeter, evaporimeter, choke valve, solution pump, cryogen liquid pump and intermediate heat exchangers etc.; In the system: 1. first-stage generator has the solution pipeline to link to each other through second solution pump and second-stage generator respectively, has the solution pipeline to link to each other with one-level absorption-evaporimeter, links to each other with the refrigerant vapour passage is arranged between the condenser, and has pipeline to be communicated with the waste heat medium; 2. second-stage generator is except that with first-stage generator links to each other, and also has the solution pipeline to link to each other through between first solution pump and the three grades of generators respectively, links to each other with the refrigerant vapour passage is arranged between the condenser, links to each other with one-level absorption-evaporimeter by intermediate heat exchanger; 3. three grades of generators are except that with second-stage generator links to each other, and also have the solution pipeline to link to each other through between the 3rd solution pump and the absorber respectively, link to each other with the refrigerant vapour passage is arranged between the condenser, link to each other with secondary absorption-evaporimeter by second intermediate heat exchanger; 4. absorber also has the solution pipeline to link to each other respectively with between the secondary absorption-evaporimeter except that with three grades of generators link to each other, and has the refrigerant vapour passage to link to each other with secondary absorption-evaporimeter, and has channel connection to be heated fluid; 5. secondary absorption-evaporimeter also has cryogen liquid pipeline to link to each other with condenser by the cryogen liquid pump except that with three grades of generators, absorbers link to each other, and has the refrigerant vapour passage to link to each other with one-level absorption-evaporimeter, has solution line to link to each other with one-level absorption-evaporimeter; 6. one-level absorption-evaporimeter also has cryogen liquid pipeline to link to each other with condenser through second choke valve, cryogen liquid pump respectively except that with secondary absorption-evaporimeter, second-stage generator with first-stage generator links to each other, and has the refrigerant vapour passage to link to each other with evaporimeter; 7. evaporimeter also has cryogen liquid passage to link to each other with condenser through first throttle valve, cryogen liquid pump except that with one-level absorption-evaporimeter links to each other, and has pipeline to be communicated with the waste heat medium; 8. condenser also has pipeline to be communicated with cooling medium except that with first-stage generator, second-stage generator, three grades of generators, evaporimeter, one-level absorption-evaporimeters with secondary absorption-evaporimeter links to each other.It is characterized in that: 1. from the weak solution of one-level absorption-evaporimeter, concentration increases discharged refrigerant vapour by waste heat heating in first-stage generator after, this solution enters second-stage generator again, concentration further increases under intermediate heat exchanger heating (this heat is from one-level absorption-evaporimeter), enter three grades of generators, concentration further increases under second intermediate heat exchanger heating (this heat is from secondary absorption-evaporimeter), enter the refrigerant vapour of absorber absorption again, emit the high-grade heat heated medium is heated from secondary absorption-evaporimeter higher temperature; The solution that concentration reduces behind the absorption refrigerant vapour enters secondary absorption-evaporimeter, absorption is from the refrigerant vapour of one-level absorption-evaporimeter, emit than a high-grade heat part cryogen liquid from condenser is heated, another part provides to three grades of generators through second intermediate heat exchanger; After further reducing, concentration enters the solution of one-level absorption-evaporimeter, in one-level absorption-evaporimeter, absorb the refrigerant vapour of flash-pot and emit heat, this heat part is used to make the vaporization of cryogen liquid to provide the refrigerant vapour of higher temperature to secondary absorption-evaporimeter, another part through intermediate heat exchanger to the second-stage generator transmission; Absorb the further thinning solution of refrigerant vapour concentration in the absorption-evaporimeter and enter first-stage generator again, finish the solution circulation; 2. the refrigerant vapour of first-stage generator, second-stage generator and three grades of generator generations all directly enters condenser, cooled off, be condensed into cryogen liquid by cooling medium from the unit outside, this cryogen liquid is behind cryogen liquid pump pressure-raising, a part enters evaporimeter, absorbs waste heat after the throttling of first throttle valve, a part enters one-level absorption-evaporimeter after the second choke valve throttling, a part directly enters secondary absorption-evaporimeter again; 3. the intermediate heat exchanger that connects second-stage generator and one-level absorption-evaporimeter is taken the part heat release in the one-level absorption-evaporimeter away, is used for the demand for heat of meeting tier 2 generator solution; Connect second intermediate heat exchanger of three grades of generators and secondary absorption-evaporimeter, take the part heat release in the secondary absorption-evaporimeter away, be used for satisfying the demand for heat of three grades of generator solution.
It with shown in Figure 3 different is, the number of the generator among Fig. 4 is Duoed one than the former, and it is higher or can utilize the more waste heat of low temperature that it can be put forward the temperature of waste heat.
Figure 5 shows that open type two-stage second class absorption heat pump, it is corresponding with enclosed two-stage second class absorption heat pump shown in Figure 1.The latter relatively, open type two-stage second class absorption heat pump has been save evaporimeter, and afterheat steam directly enters absorptions-evaporimeter and first-stage generator, and finishing becomes waste heat behind the dependent interaction and coagulates water, gets back to the afterheat steam source and locate behind cryogen liquid pump pressure-raising.
Figure 6 shows that three grade of second class absorption heat pump of open type, three grade of second class absorption heat pump in it and enclosed shown in Figure 3 is corresponding.The latter relatively, three grade of second class absorption heat pump of open type save evaporimeter, and afterheat steam directly enters one-level absorptions-evaporimeter and first-stage generator, and finishing becomes waste heat behind the dependent interaction and coagulates water, gets back to the afterheat steam source and locate behind cryogen liquid pump pressure-raising.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is according to enclosed two-stage second class absorption heat pump system architecture and the schematic flow sheet provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is according to enclosed two-stage second class absorption heat pump system architecture and the schematic flow sheet provided by the present invention.With shown in Figure 1 different be, its used evaporimeter adopts the spray mode, and the heat transfer employing forced convertion mode between absorptions-evaporimeter and the second-stage generator realizes.
Fig. 3 is according to three grade of second class absorption heat pump system architecture of enclosed provided by the present invention and schematic flow sheet.
Fig. 4 is according to three grade of second class absorption heat pump system architecture of enclosed provided by the present invention and schematic flow sheet.With shown in Figure 1 different be, it has adopted three grades of generators than the former more, and under the identical situation of other condition, it can rise to waste heat higher temperature maybe can utilize the more waste heat of low temperature.
Fig. 5 is according to open type two-stage second class absorption heat pump system architecture and the schematic flow sheet provided by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is according to three grade of second class absorption heat pump system architecture of open type provided by the present invention and schematic flow sheet.
Wherein, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 also are the representatives of multi-stage second-class absorption heat pump; Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are the representatives of open type two-stage and multi-stage second-class absorption heat pump.
Among the figure, 1-first-stage generator, 2-second-stage generator, the 3-absorber, 4-one-level absorption-evaporimeter, 5A, 5B-evaporimeter, 6-condenser, 7-choke valve/first throttle valve, 14-second choke valve, 8-first solution pump, 9-second solution pump, 19-the 3rd solution pump, the 10-cryogen liquid pump/first cryogen liquid pump, the 12-second cryogen liquid pump, 11-intermediate heat exchanger, 16-second intermediate heat exchanger, 13-secondary absorption-evaporimeter, three grades of generators of 15-, 17-the-solution heat exchanger, 18-second solution heat exchanger, 20-cryogen liquid recirculation pump.
Wherein, solution heat exchanger and cryogen liquid recirculation pump belong to option, and the former is in order to improve unit performance, and the latter is in order to improve the effect that cryogen liquid absorbs waste heat.
The specific embodiment:
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example.
With enclosed two-stage second class absorption heat pump provided by the present invention is example, as shown in Figure 1, the object of the present invention is achieved like this, on the structure, this two-stage second class absorption heat pump is mainly by first-stage generator 1, second-stage generator 2, absorber 3, one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, evaporimeter 5A, condenser 6, choke valve 7, first solution pump 8, second solution pump 9, cryogen liquid pump 10, the intermediate heat exchanger 11 and first solution heat exchanger 17, second solution heat exchanger 18 is formed, and is auxilliary in the pump of necessity, valve, auxiliary spare part and control corresponding systems such as pipe fitting; On the flow process, 1. from the weak solution of one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, concentration increases discharged refrigerant vapour by waste heat heating in first-stage generator 1 after, this solution enters second-stage generator 2 again, concentration further increases under intermediate heat exchanger 11 heating (this heat is from one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4), and then enter the refrigerant vapour that absorber 3 absorbs from one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4 higher temperatures, emit the high-grade heat heated medium is heated; The solution that concentration reduces behind the absorption refrigerant vapour enters one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, absorb the refrigerant vapour of flash-pot 5A and emit heat, this heat part is used to make cryogen liquid to vaporize provides the refrigerant vapour of higher temperature to absorber 3, another part transmits to second-stage generator 2 through intermediate heat exchanger 11; Absorb the further thinning solution of refrigerant vapour concentration in the one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4 and enter first-stage generator 1 again, finish the solution circulation; 2. the refrigerant vapour of first-stage generator 1 and second-stage generator 2 generations all directly enters condenser 6, cooled off, be condensed into cryogen liquid by cooling medium from the unit outside, this cryogen liquid is behind cryogen liquid pump 10 pressure-raisings, a part enters evaporimeter 5A, absorbs waste heat after choke valve 7 throttlings, another part directly enters one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, heat absorption enters absorber 3 after becoming refrigerant vapour; 3. intermediate heat exchanger 11 connects second-stage generator 2 and one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, takes the part heat release in the one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4 away, is used for the demand for heat of solution in the meeting tier 2 generator 2.
Enclosed two-stage second class absorption heat pump as shown in Figure 2, just be with the former different: 1. intermediate heat exchanger 11 independently not relies on the second cryogen liquid pump 12, utilizes a part of refrigerant medium to finish heat transmission between one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4 and the second-stage generator 2; 2. the type difference of evaporimeter, the former adopts, and the waste heat medium is outer at pipe, cryogen liquid is subjected to thermal evaporation in pipe, and the latter adopts that cryogen liquid is outer at pipe, the heat transfer type of waste heat medium in pipe, and adopts cryogen liquid pump 20 realization cryogen liquid to recycle to spray; 3. the waste heat medium at first enters evaporimeter 5B heat release, and then enters first-stage generator 1 heat release, is serial flow; 4. the latter does not adopt solution heat exchanger, and the two is as broad as long on other flow process.
As shown in Figure 3, in three grade of second class absorption heat pump of enclosed, it mainly is made up of first-stage generator 1, second-stage generator 2, absorber 3, one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13, evaporimeter 5A, first throttle valve 7 and second choke valve 14, first solution pump 8 and second solution pump 9, cryogen liquid pump 10 and intermediate heat exchanger 11 etc. on the structure, auxiliary spare part and control corresponding systems such as the auxilliary pump in necessity, valve, pipe fitting; Most of basically identical on it and enclosed two-stage second class absorption heat pump structure shown in Figure 1 and the flow process, different is: 1. the number of absorption-evaporimeter is 2, there is solution line to link to each other respectively between absorber 3 and the secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13, has solution line refrigerant vapour passage to link to each other between secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13 and the one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4 respectively with the refrigerant vapour passage; 2. the cryogen liquid that comes from condenser 6 is through being divided into three parts behind cryogen liquid pump 10 pressure-raisings: a part enters evaporimeter 5A heat absorption, vaporization after 7 throttlings of first throttle valve, a part enters 4 heat absorptions of one-level absorption-evaporimeter, vaporization after 14 throttlings of second choke valve, a part directly enters 13 heat absorptions of secondary absorption-evaporimeter, vaporization again.
In three grade of second class absorption heat pump of enclosed as shown in Figure 4, on the structure, it is mainly by first-stage generator 1, second-stage generator 2, three grades of generators 15, absorber 3, one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13, evaporimeter 5A, choke valve 7 and 14, first solution pump 8 and second solution pump 9, cryogen liquid pump 10, compositions such as the intermediate heat exchanger 11 and second intermediate heat exchanger 16, auxilliary in the pump of necessity, valve, the three grades of generators 15 and second intermediate heat exchanger 16 have been Duoed than three grade of second class absorption heat pump of enclosed shown in Figure 3 in auxiliary spare part and control corresponding systems such as pipe fitting; On the flow process, 1. from the weak solution of one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, concentration increases discharged refrigerant vapour by waste heat heating in first-stage generator 1 after, this solution enters second-stage generator 2 again, concentration further increases under intermediate heat exchanger 11 heating (this heat is from one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4), enter three grades of generators 15, concentration further increases under 16 heating (this heat is from secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13) of second intermediate heat exchanger, enter the refrigerant vapour that absorber 3 absorbs from secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13 higher temperatures again, emit the high-grade heat heated medium is heated; The solution that concentration reduces behind the absorption refrigerant vapour enters secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13, absorption is from the refrigerant vapour of one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, emit than a high-grade heat part cryogen liquid from condenser 6 is heated, another part provides to three grades of generators 15 through second intermediate heat exchanger 16; After further reducing, concentration enters the solution of one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, in one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, absorb the refrigerant vapour of flash-pot 5A and emit heat, this heat part is used to make cryogen liquid to vaporize provides the refrigerant vapour of higher temperature to secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13, another part transmits to second-stage generator 2 through intermediate heat exchanger 11; The further thinning solution of concentration enters first-stage generator 1 again after absorbing refrigerant vapour in the one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, finishes the solution circulation; 2. the refrigerant vapour of first-stage generator 1, second-stage generator 2 and three grades of generator 15 generations all directly enters condenser 6, cooled off, be condensed into cryogen liquid by cooling medium from the unit outside, this cryogen liquid is behind cryogen liquid pump 10 pressure-raisings, a part enters evaporimeter 5A, absorbs waste heat after 7 throttlings of first throttle valve, a part enters one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4 through second choke valve 14, and a part directly enters secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13 again; 3. the intermediate heat exchanger 11 that connects second-stage generator 2 and one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4 is taken the part heat release in the one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4 away, is used for the demand for heat of solution in the meeting tier 2 generator 2; Connect second intermediate heat exchanger 16 of three grades of generators 15 and secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13, take the part heat release in the secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13 away, be used for satisfying the demand for heat of solution in three grades of generators 15.
From flow process, the concrete workflow of each fluid is as follows:
1. waste heat medium flow process---the waste heat medium enters evaporimeter 5A or 5B, the heating through choke valve 7 carry out degree of depth throttling refrigerant medium, make it be vaporized into cryogenic coolant steam; The cryogenic coolant medium enters one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4 and is absorbed the heat emit higher temperature by solution, makes another road refrigerant medium that enters one-level absorptions-evaporimeter 4 higher steam of formation temperature that obtains vaporizing, and has realized the first order lifting of waste heat supply temperature; Along with the increase of absorption-evaporimeter, waste heat is promoted step by step.
2. the cooling medium flow process---cooling medium enters condenser 6, finishes the condensation from the refrigerant vapour of first-stage generator 1, second-stage generator 2 and three grades of generators 15.
3. the heated medium flow process---heated medium enters absorber 3, draws the refrigerant vapour institute liberated heat of absorber 3 interior concentrated solutions absorptions from the higher temperature of one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4/13.
4. refrigerant vapour flow process---be condensed in condenser 6 from the refrigerant vapour of first-stage generator 1, second-stage generator 2 and three grades of generators 15 and be liquid, the mark road enters evaporimeter 5A (or 5B) and one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4 respectively after the throttling that (first) choke valve 7 and second choke valve 14 carry out in various degree; The cryogen liquid that enters evaporimeter 5A or 5B is heated and is vaporized into cryogenic coolant steam, enters one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, is absorbed by the solution from the higher concentration of absorber 3 or secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13, emits heat; Enter the cryogen liquid of one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, draw the refrigerant vapour that becomes higher temperature in the absorption process behind the liberated heat, or enter absorber 3 and absorbed by concentrated solution from second-stage generator 2, emit the heated medium that the heat heating enters, or enter secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13 and absorbed by the solution from the higher concentration of absorber 3, emit the cryogen liquid that the heat heating enters.
5. the solution flow process---the weak solution that comes from first-stage generator 1 is squeezed into second-stage generator 2 through second solution pump 9, absorb heat and emit refrigerant vapour, concentration increases the back and directly advances to squeeze into absorber 3 (three grades of types take place two-stage or 2) by first solution pump 8, or squeeze into three grades of generators 15 by first solution pump 8 again, absorb heat and emit refrigerant vapour, concentration increases the back and squeezes into absorber 3 (3 three grades of types take place) by the 3rd solution pump 19, absorption from the refrigerant vapour of the higher temperature of one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4 or secondary absorption-evaporimeter 13 after concentration reduce, enter the cryogenic coolant steam (three grades of types take place two-stage or 2) that one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4 absorbs flash-pot 5A (or evaporimeter 5B), or be introduced into absorption-evaporimeter 13, enter first-stage generator 1 after becoming weak solution behind the refrigerant vapour (3 three grades of types take place) of absorption one-level absorption-evaporimeter 4, finish the solution circulation.
In open type two-stage second class absorption heat pump as shown in Figure 5, corresponding on structure and the flow process with enclosed two-stage second class absorption heat pump shown in Figure 1.The latter relatively, open type two-stage second class absorption heat pump has been save evaporimeter 5A, and afterheat steam directly enters one-level absorptions-evaporimeter 4 and first-stage generator 1, and finishing becomes waste heat behind the dependent interaction and coagulates water, gets back to the afterheat steam source and locate behind cryogen liquid pump 10 pressure-raisings.
In three grade of second class absorption heat pump of open type shown in Figure 6, corresponding on structure and the flow process with three grade of second class absorption heat pump of enclosed shown in Figure 3.The latter relatively, three grade of second class absorption heat pump of open type save evaporimeter 5A, and afterheat steam directly enters one-level absorptions-evaporimeter 4 and first-stage generator 1, and finishing becomes waste heat behind the dependent interaction and coagulates water, gets back to the afterheat steam source and locate behind cryogen liquid pump 10 pressure-raisings.
The effect that the technology of the present invention can realize---two-stage and multi-stage second-class absorption heat pump proposed by the invention have following effect and advantage:
1. can realize two-stage and the Multi-stage lifting of waste heat supply temperature.
2. adopt two and plural generator, the degree that waste heat supply temperature promotes is higher.
3. adopted absorption-evaporimeter, reduced the link that waste heat transmits, made system architecture simple, flow process is reasonable, can reduce equipment manufacturing cost.
4. can reduce the temperature of concentrated solution in the generator, avoid or reduce the corrosion that solution herein may cause equipment, improve device security.
5. can utilize the waste heat of lower temperature and provide the heat supply of higher temperature to the user, enlarge temperature working range and the range of application of second-kind absorption-type heat pump.
Claims (6)
1. two-stage second class absorption heat pump mainly is made up of first-stage generator, second-stage generator, absorber, one-level absorption-evaporimeter, evaporimeter, condenser, choke valve, first solution pump, second solution pump, first solution heat exchanger, second solution heat exchanger, intermediate heat exchanger and cryogen liquid pump; First-stage generator (1) has solution line to be communicated with second-stage generator (2) through first solution heat exchanger (17) again through second solution pump (9), there is solution line to be communicated with one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) through first solution heat exchanger (17), refrigerant vapour channel connection condenser (6) is arranged, and have pipeline to be communicated with the waste heat medium; Second-stage generator (2) also has solution line to be communicated with absorber (3) through second solution heat exchanger (18) again through first solution pump (8), and refrigerant vapour channel connection condenser (6) is arranged, and is communicated with one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) through intermediate heat exchanger (11); Absorber (3) also has solution line to be communicated with one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) through second solution heat exchanger (18), and refrigerant vapour channel connection one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) is arranged, and has pipeline to be communicated with heated medium; One-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) also has refrigerant vapour channel connection evaporimeter (5A or 5B), has cryogen liquid pipeline to be communicated with condenser (6) through cryogen liquid pump (10); Evaporimeter (5A or 5B) also has cryogen liquid pipeline to be communicated with condenser (6) through first throttle valve (7), cryogen liquid pump (10), and has pipeline to be communicated with the waste heat medium; Condenser (6) also has pipeline to link to each other with cooling medium; The refrigerant vapour that produces in first-stage generator (1) and the second-stage generator (2) directly enters condenser (6) medium that is cooled and is condensed into liquid, and cryogen liquid provides to evaporimeter (5A or 5B), one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) respectively behind cryogen liquid pump (10) pressure-raising; Part cryogen liquid carries out through first throttle valve (7) that more throttling makes refrigerant medium absorb waste heat in evaporimeter (5A or 5B), the refrigerant vapour that is vaporized into relevant temperature provides to one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), and a part of cryogen liquid refrigerant vapour that one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) absorbs heat, is vaporized into relevant temperature of flowing through provides to absorber (3); Intermediate heat exchanger (11) is taken the part heat release in the one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) away, is used for the demand for heat of the interior solution of meeting tier 2 generator (2); Solution concentration improves after at first entering first-stage generator (1) and absorb waste heat and emit the part refrigerant vapour from the weak solution of one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), enter second-stage generator (2) again and be heated and discharge the part refrigerant vapour again and further improve concentration, and then enter absorber (3) and absorb refrigerant vapour, emit heat heating heated medium.
2. two-stage second class absorption heat pump mainly is made up of first-stage generator, second-stage generator, absorber, one-level absorption-evaporimeter, evaporimeter, condenser, choke valve, first solution pump, second solution pump, the first cryogen liquid pump and the second cryogen liquid pump; First-stage generator (1) has solution line to be communicated with second-stage generator (2) through second solution pump (9), has solution line to be communicated with one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), and refrigerant vapour channel connection condenser (6) is arranged, and has pipeline to be communicated with the waste heat medium; Second-stage generator (2) also has solution line to be communicated with absorber (3) through first solution pump (8), refrigerant vapour channel connection condenser (6) is arranged, refrigerant vapour channel connection one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) is arranged respectively and have cryogen liquid pipeline to be communicated with one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) through the second cryogen liquid pump (12); Absorber (3) also has solution line to be communicated with one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), and refrigerant vapour channel connection one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) is arranged, and has pipeline to be communicated with heated medium; One-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) also has refrigerant vapour channel connection evaporimeter (5A or 5B), has cryogen liquid pipeline to be communicated with condenser (6) through the first cryogen liquid pump (10); Evaporimeter (5A or 5B) also has cryogen liquid pipeline to be communicated with condenser (6) through first throttle valve (7), the first cryogen liquid pump (10), and has pipeline to be communicated with the waste heat medium; Condenser (6) also has pipeline to link to each other with cooling medium; The refrigerant vapour that produces in first-stage generator (1) and the second-stage generator (2) directly enters condenser (6) medium that is cooled and is condensed into liquid, and cryogen liquid provides to evaporimeter (5A or 5B), one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) respectively behind first cryogen liquid pump (10) pressure-raising; Part cryogen liquid carries out through first throttle valve (7) that more throttling makes refrigerant medium absorb waste heat in evaporimeter (5A or 5B), the refrigerant vapour that is vaporized into relevant temperature provides to one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), the part cryogen liquid one-level absorptions-evaporimeter (4) of flowing through absorbs heat, is vaporized into the refrigerant vapour of relevant temperature, and this refrigerant vapour part enters that absorber (3) is absorbed by solution and another part offers second-stage generator (2) as its driving thermal medium; Solution concentration improves after at first entering first-stage generator (1) and absorb waste heat and emit the part refrigerant vapour from the weak solution of one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), enter second-stage generator (2) again and be heated and discharge the part refrigerant vapour again and further improve concentration, and then enter absorber (3) and absorb refrigerant vapour, emit heat heating heated medium.
3. three grade of second class absorption heat pump mainly is made up of first-stage generator, second-stage generator, absorber, one-level absorption-evaporimeter, secondary absorption-evaporimeter, evaporimeter, condenser, first throttle valve, second choke valve, first solution pump, intermediate heat exchanger, second solution pump and cryogen liquid pump; First-stage generator (1) has solution line to be communicated with second-stage generator (2) through second solution pump (9), has solution line to be communicated with one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), and refrigerant vapour channel connection condenser (6) is arranged, and has pipeline to be communicated with the waste heat medium; Second-stage generator (2) also has solution line to be communicated with absorber (3) through first solution pump (8), and refrigerant vapour channel connection condenser (6) is arranged, and is communicated with one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) through intermediate heat exchanger (11); Absorber (3) also has solution line to be communicated with secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13), and refrigerant vapour channel connection secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13) is arranged, and has pipeline to be communicated with heated medium; Secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13) also has solution line and refrigerant vapour channel connection one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) respectively, has cryogen liquid pipeline to be communicated with condenser (6) through cryogen liquid pump (10); One-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) also has refrigerant vapour channel connection evaporimeter (5A or 5B), has cryogen liquid pipeline to be communicated with condenser (6) through second choke valve (14), cryogen liquid pump (10); Evaporimeter (5A or 5B) also has cryogen liquid pipeline to be communicated with condenser (6) through first throttle valve (7), cryogen liquid pump (10), and has pipeline to be communicated with the waste heat medium; Condenser (6) also has pipeline to link to each other with cooling medium; The refrigerant vapour that produces in first-stage generator (1) and the second-stage generator (2) directly enters condenser (6) medium that is cooled and is condensed into liquid, and cryogen liquid provides to evaporimeter (5A or 5B), one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13) respectively behind cryogen liquid pump (10) pressure-raising; Part cryogen liquid carries out more throttling through first throttle valve (7) makes refrigerant medium absorb waste heat in evaporimeter (5A or 5B), the refrigerant vapour that is vaporized into relevant temperature provides to one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), part cryogen liquid carries out than the throttling of the light degree of first throttle valve (7) refrigerant medium being absorbed heat in one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) through second choke valve (14), the refrigerant vapour that is vaporized into relevant temperature provides to secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13), flow through secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13) heat absorption of a part of again cryogen liquid, the refrigerant vapour that is vaporized into relevant temperature provides to absorber (3); Intermediate heat exchanger (11) is taken the part heat release in the one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) away, is used for the demand for heat of the interior solution of meeting tier 2 generator (2); Solution concentration improves after at first entering first-stage generator (1) and absorb waste heat and emit the part refrigerant vapour from the weak solution of one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), enter second-stage generator (2) again and be heated to discharge again and further improve concentration behind the part refrigerant vapour, enter absorber (3) then and absorb refrigerant vapour, emit heat heating heated medium.
4. three grade of second class absorption heat pump mainly is made up of first-stage generator, second-stage generator, absorber, one-level absorption-evaporimeter, secondary absorption-evaporimeter, evaporimeter, condenser, first throttle valve, second choke valve, first solution pump, second solution pump, the 3rd solution pump, first intermediate heat exchanger (11), second intermediate heat exchanger (16), cryogen liquid pump and three grades of generators; First-stage generator (1) has solution line to be communicated with second-stage generator (2) through second solution pump (9), has solution line to be communicated with one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), and refrigerant vapour channel connection condenser (6) is arranged, and has pipeline to be communicated with the waste heat medium; Second-stage generator (2) also has solution line to be communicated with three grades of generators (15) through first solution pump (8), and refrigerant vapour channel connection condenser (6) is arranged, and is communicated with one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) through first intermediate heat exchanger (11); Three grades of generators (15) also have solution line to be communicated with absorber (3) through the 3rd solution pump (19), and refrigerant vapour channel connection condenser (6) is arranged, and are communicated with secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13) through second intermediate heat exchanger (16); Absorber (3) also has solution line to be communicated with secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13), and refrigerant vapour channel connection secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13) is arranged, and has pipeline to be communicated with heated medium; Secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13) also has solution line and refrigerant vapour channel connection one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) respectively, has cryogen liquid pipeline to be communicated with condenser (6) through cryogen liquid pump (10); One-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) also has refrigerant vapour channel connection evaporimeter (5A or 5B), has cryogen liquid pipeline to be communicated with condenser (6) through second choke valve (14), cryogen liquid pump (10); Evaporimeter (5A or 5B) also has cryogen liquid pipeline to be communicated with condenser (6) through first throttle valve (7), cryogen liquid pump (10), and has pipeline to be communicated with the waste heat medium; Condenser (6) also has pipeline to link to each other with cooling medium; The refrigerant vapour that produces in first-stage generator (1), second-stage generator (2) and the three grades of generators (15) directly enters condenser (6) medium that is cooled and is condensed into liquid, and cryogen liquid provides to evaporimeter (5A or 5B), one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13) respectively behind cryogen liquid pump (10) pressure-raising; Part cryogen liquid carries out more throttling through first throttle valve (7) makes refrigerant medium absorb waste heat in evaporimeter (5A or 5B), the refrigerant vapour that is vaporized into relevant temperature provides to one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), part cryogen liquid carries out than the throttling of the light degree of first throttle valve (7) refrigerant medium being absorbed heat in one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) through second choke valve (14), the refrigerant vapour that is vaporized into relevant temperature provides to secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13), flow through secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13) heat absorption of a part of again cryogen liquid, the refrigerant vapour that is vaporized into relevant temperature provides to absorber (3); First intermediate heat exchanger (11) is taken the demand for heat that part heat release in the one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) is used for the interior solution of meeting tier 2 generator (2) away, and second intermediate heat exchanger (16) is taken the demand for heat that part heat release in the secondary absorption-evaporimeter (13) is used for satisfying the interior solution of three grades of generators (15) away; Solution concentration improves after at first entering first-stage generator (1) and absorb waste heat and emit the part refrigerant vapour from the weak solution of one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4), entering second-stage generator (2) again is heated to discharge again and further improves concentration behind the part refrigerant vapour, enter then three grades of generators (15) be heated discharge the part refrigerant vapour again after concentration further improved, enter absorber (3) at last again and absorb refrigerant vapour, emit heat heating heated medium.
5. described two-stage second class absorption heat pump of claim 1 or claim 2, when evaporimeter was removed, afterheat steam directly entered one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) and first-stage generator (1); The afterheat steam that enters first-stage generator (1) is finished and is formed condensate liquid after the heat release and get back to place, afterheat steam source, the afterheat steam that enters one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) becomes refrigerant vapour, finish and form condensate liquid after the corresponding flow process and get back to place, afterheat steam source through cryogen liquid pump (10), obtains corresponding open type two-stage second class absorption heat pump.
6. described three grade of second class absorption heat pump of claim 3 or claim 4, when evaporimeter was removed, afterheat steam directly entered one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) and first-stage generator (1); The afterheat steam that enters first-stage generator (1) is finished and is formed condensate liquid after the heat release and get back to place, afterheat steam source, the afterheat steam that enters one-level absorption-evaporimeter (4) becomes refrigerant vapour, finish and form condensate liquid after the corresponding flow process and get back to place, afterheat steam source through cryogen liquid pump (10), obtains three grade of second class absorption heat pump of corresponding open type.
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| CN101545693B (en) * | 2007-08-27 | 2010-12-08 | 李华玉 | Heterogeneous composite absorption type heat pump |
| CN101464068A (en) * | 2009-01-11 | 2009-06-24 | 李华玉 | Method for improving heat supply temperature of second-kind absorption type heat pump and high temperature type heat pump thereof |
| CN101532748A (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2009-09-16 | 李华玉 | Method for improving heating temperature of heat pump and type II high-temperature absorption heat pump |
| CN101694331A (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2010-04-14 | 李华玉 | Compound second type absorption heat pump based on single-stage |
| CN102095272B (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2012-10-31 | 李华玉 | Two-end heat supply class II absorption type heat pump |
| WO2012113100A1 (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-08-30 | Li Huayu | Type ii absorption heat pump with two heat supply ends |
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| CN1877227A (en) * | 2006-05-13 | 2006-12-13 | 李华玉 | Two-stage type-I absorption heat pump |
| CN1877226A (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2006-12-13 | 李华玉 | Two-stage and multi-stage type-II absorption heat transformer |
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| CN1877226A (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2006-12-13 | 李华玉 | Two-stage and multi-stage type-II absorption heat transformer |
| CN1877227A (en) * | 2006-05-13 | 2006-12-13 | 李华玉 | Two-stage type-I absorption heat pump |
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