CN1995412A

CN1995412A - Environment-friendly type alumyte integrated smelting technology

Info

Publication number: CN1995412A
Application number: CNA2006101671526A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周耀瑜
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-12-09
Filing date: 2006-12-09
Publication date: 2007-07-11
Also published as: CN101280354A

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-protective synthetic smelting method of boehmite-trihydrate diaspore ore with high-silicon, ferric and sulfur content, which is characterized by the following: removing silicon; proceeding Baeyer stripping disposal without consuming Na2O and Al2O3; recycling Na2O .H2O infinitely; separating calcium silicate, alumina, gallium and iron concentrate powder and calcium titanate from beauxite once; improving utilizing rate of resource.

Description

A kind of environment-friendly alumyte synthesized smelting technical solution

Affiliated technical field

The invention provides a kind of environment-friendly type, be applicable to the new solution that monohydrate that silicon, iron, sulphur content are high and three using monohydrate bauxites carry out integrated smelting.Utilize technical solution of the present invention, in smelting process, desiliconization and Bayer stripping are handled all can realize Na ₂O and Al ₂O ₃" zero " loss, Na ₂OH ₂The O infinite loop is utilized, and once silicon, iron, bauxite that sulphur content is high are isolated Calucium Silicate powder, aluminum oxide, gallium, fine iron breeze, calcium titanate etc., realization is to the efficient comprehensive development and utilization of bauxite resource, and no discarded tailing fully improves resource utilization.

Background technology

At present, the basic practical approach that bauxite is smelted in existing both at home and abroad industry mainly contains two kinds, i.e. Bayer process and sintering process, and wherein Bayer process is the most widely-used.Bayer process comprises caustic soda Bayer process and lime bayer method.Sintering process comprises soda-lime sintering process and limestone sintering method.Because there are the excellent characteristics of technology of self in various technological methods, in order to bring into play the advantage of each technological method, people have been developed Bayer one sintering integrated process again, comprise three kinds of series process, multiple process and mixed combining methods.These method common technical objects are to extract Al from bauxite ₂O ₃Its common technique means is to make Al in the bauxite ₂O ₃The final solubility Na preferably that forms ₂OAl ₂O ₃And be dissolved; Its common defects is to extract other mineralogical composition in the bauxite effectively, as iron (Fe), titanium (Ti) etc., and looks SiO ₂And TiO ₂Be unwanted component, will be rich in Fe at last ₂O ₃, CaOTiO ₂Tailings mud---red mud abandons, smelting cost height not only, more important is to cause the wasting of resources and environmental pollution.

Essential mineral composition in the bauxite is Al ₂O ₃, Fe ₂O ₃, SiO ₂, TiO ₂With association rare metal gallium (Ga) etc.Remove Al ₂O ₃Reach outside the industrial requirements Fe with rare metal gallium (Ga) grade ₂O ₃, SiO ₂, TiO ₂Content is also higher.As west, China osmanthus Accumulative Bauxite, Al ₂O ₃, Fe ₂O ₃, SiO ₂, TiO ₂Be about 50%, 25%, 8%, 4% and 0.085 ‰ respectively with the average content of rare metal gallium (Ga).

Study carefully Bayer process, as treatment S iO ₂During the higher bauxitic ore of content,, utilize part dissolved mineral slurry circulating mother liquor usually aborning, under 100 ℃ ± condition,, realize raw pulp is carried out pre-desiliconization processing through reaching stirrings in 10 hours for reducing the equipment scaling phenomenon.But so also only remove kaolinite easily molten in the bauxite etc., and can't remove quartzite of indissoluble in the bauxite etc., SiO ₂Decreasing ratio low.Secondly, owing to contain Na in the mother liquor ₂OAl ₂O ₃, SiO ₂In process in leaching all with Na ₂OAl ₂O ₃1.7SiO ₂H ₂O (hydrated aluminum silicate) separates out, and this just causes Na inevitably ₂O and Al ₂O ₃Loss, smelting cost is increased, Al ₂O ₃Extraction yield reduce.Especially the high bauxitic ore of iron level is through extracting Al ₂O ₃After, its tailings mud---Fe in the red mud ₂O ₃Content is understood usually up to 35～50%, even higher, directly abandons tailings mud---red mud, certainly will cause bad phenomenon such as the wasting of resources and environmental pollution.Because the red mud complicated component, desire is carried out the secondary comprehensive development and utilization to red mud, and technical difficulty is very big, and production cost is high and lose its economic implications.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of environment-friendly type, be suitable for the new solution that high monohydrate of silicon, iron, sulphur content and three water-type bauxites carry out integrated smelting.This programme major technique characteristics: at first bauxite powder is heated to high temperature (500～900 ℃), and feeding CO ↑ or add active C powder, make the simple substance of iron oxide reduction Cheng Tie in the bauxite, make three water aluminium and boehmite all become the diaspore (minimum stripping temperature is 235 ℃) of relative indissoluble simultaneously.When bauxitic ore was the high-sulfur type, then the phase added sufficient O before high temperature reduction iron ₂↑, make the S in the ore be converted into SO ₂↑, the purpose of realization desulfurization; Then, use Do not contain sodium metaaluminateSodium hydroxide solution, under 120～200 ℃ of environment, make most SiO ₂The component stripping becomes Na ₂OSiO ₂, through precipitate and separate, at Na ₂OSiO ₂Add CaOH in the solution ₂O makes it to generate CaOSiO ₂The Na of the precipitation and the desiliconization operation that can be used for circulating ₂OH ₂O solution, thus realize that quick nondestructive consumes pre-desiliconization and handles, and this desiliconization time can be controlled in 1 hour and finishes; Again, according to Bayer stripping principle with the Al in the iron content bauxite powder ₂O ₃Carry out the Bayer stripping; In the process of cleaning tailings mud or dilution dissolved mineral slurry, or before or after " desiliconization processing ", utilize the magnetic separation method with the irony sucking-off; Main component then is CaOTiO in the last remaining tailings mud ₂, can be used as the raw material of producing titanium.Thereby realize efficient comprehensive development and utilization to bauxite.

From the above mentioned, technical solution of the present invention is the technical scheme of once bauxite resource being carried out efficient comprehensive development and utilization, and no discarded tailing belongs to environment-friendly alumyte resource synthetic development technical scheme.The technical process of technical solution of the present invention as shown in drawings, wherein, content is an innovative technology link of the present invention in the bold box.

Description of drawings

Shown in the accompanying drawing, each bold box content is an innovative technology link of the present invention in the schema, and the band underscore partly is the end points material, or the raw materials for production for needing in the technical process to drop into, or is manufacturing a finished product of obtaining in the technical process.

The major function (target) of bold box (1) has 3 points, the one, desulfurization; The 2nd, reduced iron; The 3rd, make Various aluminium stone composition all changes the diaspore of relative indissoluble into, provides for realizing that the quick desiliconization of high temperature is processed Necessary and loose temperature conditions.

Bold box (2) is to realize Na₂O and Al₂O ₃Be " zero " loss, Na₂O·H ₂O is recycling Desiliconization treatment process technology path. It and traditional pre-desiliconizing operation difference are: the one, use not contain The special-purpose NaOH circulating mother liquor (1) of sodium metaaluminate carries out desiliconization to be processed, but not conventional process techniques adopts The Bayer stripping ore pulp NaOH circulating mother liquor (2) that contains sodium metaaluminate carry out desiliconization and process, avoided SiO₂Be dissolved and generate Na in the process₂O·Al ₂O ₃·1.7SiO ₂·H ₂O (hydrated aluminum silicate) and cause Na₂O and Al₂O ₃Loss; The 2nd, SiO₂The stripping process is in more high temperature, high pressure conditions (120～200 ℃), generally 185 ℃ ±, make SiO₂Dissolution rate increases, and dissolution time shortens dramatically.

The major function (target) of bold box (3) is in dilution stripping ore pulp, utilizes magnetic to separate Method is separated iron and is cleaned out from mine tailing mud, obtain the high iron ore concentrate powder product of iron content.

Embodiment

Technical solution of the present invention has been compared its singularity, complicacy and advantage with present various disclosed Bayer dissolving-out technology schemes, implement the technology of the present invention if still adopt the existing installation technology, not only facility investment is huge, and energy consumption heightens, thereby loses more than gain.If but when implementing technical solution of the present invention, consider as the follow-up heat source substance that bauxite powder is carried out the Bayer stripping with the high temperature bauxite powder behind high temperature desulfurizing and the reduced iron, and I invent in the employing of links such as desiliconization, Bayer stripping and circulating mother liquor concentration " reflex nesting, spiral linear path and canalization transducing production technology " implements the present invention program, then not only make device systems miniaturization, simplification and modular design, investment does not increase, and reduces in a large number on the contrary.And, the more traditional Bayer dissolving-out technology of energy consumption is saved more than 40% because this invention technology has efficient circulation and utilizes heat energy, have more environmental protection efficacy simultaneously.

About " processing of magnetic separation of iron ", can be arranged in when specifically implementing before or after " desiliconization processing ", or be arranged in " aluminum oxide stripping processing " afterwards.In a word, carry out the front of " processing of magnetic separation of iron " past more flow system, then resulting fine iron breeze, the content of its iron is just low more, the quality that is fine iron breeze is just poor more, and the phenomenon that has alumina loss, but the lifting capacity when " Bayer stripping " is just few, helps the working (machining) efficiency of raising equipment to bauxite; On the contrary, carry out the back of " processing of magnetic separation of iron " past more flow system, then resulting fine iron breeze, the content of its iron is just high more, the quality that is fine iron breeze is just good more, and can avoid or reduce the phenomenon of alumina loss, but the lifting capacity when " Bayer stripping " increases, be unfavorable for the working (machining) efficiency of raising equipment bauxite.Therefore, when specifically implementing the technology of the present invention,, should select a suitable point of penetration to carry out " processing of magnetic separation of iron " according to the quality characteristic and the design requirements of actual bauxite about the point of penetration of " processing of magnetic separation of iron ".

Claims

1, the invention provides a kind of environment-friendly type, be applicable to the new solution that monohydrate that silicon, iron, sulphur content are high and three using monohydrate bauxites carry out integrated smelting.One of gordian technique of this invention technical scheme is: at first build high temperature (500～900 ℃) envrionment conditions in smelting process, feed competent O successively ₂, make the S in the ore be converted into SO ₂↑, the purpose of realization desulfurization; Utilize carbon (C) powder or CO gas make Fe in bauxite powder thereafter, ₂O ₃Be reduced into the simple substance of iron (Fe), and keep the simple substance state of iron (Fe).Then at dilution Al ₂O ₃Dense ore pulp of stripping or cleaning separate in the tailings mud process, or before or after " desiliconization processing ", utilize the magnetic partition method that iron (Fe) is separated from ripe breeze, turbid ore pulp or tailings mud and clean out, and realize that aluminium, iron select the purpose of smelting simultaneously.

2, according to claim 1, technical solution of the present invention is at enforcement aluminium, when iron selects smelting simultaneously, owing to build high temperature (500～900 ℃) envrionment conditions, make it the diaspore (minimum stripping temperature is 235 ℃) that first gibbsite and boehmite all becomes relative indissoluble, provide necessary, loose temperature condition (120～200 ℃) for realizing that high temperature, the quick desiliconization of high pressure are handled, generally 185 ℃ ±, make SiO ₂Solubility rate increases, and dissolution rate is faster.

3, according to claim 1, bauxite powder after processing such as desulfurization, reduced iron still is in the condition of high temperature (500～900 ℃), technical solution of the present invention realizes High-efficient Production and energy-efficient purpose with its heat source substance as treating processess such as desiliconization, Bayer stripping or circulating mother liquor concentrate.

4,, carrying out Bayer stripping Al according to claim 2 ₂O ₃Before, use the special-purpose sodium hydroxide circulating mother liquor (1) that does not contain sodium metaaluminate to carry out desiliconization and handle, handle, avoided at SiO but not the Bayer dissolved mineral slurry sodium hydroxide circulating mother liquor (2) that contains sodium metaaluminate that conventional process techniques adopts carries out desiliconization ₂Be dissolved and generate hydrated aluminum silicate (Na in the process ₂OAl ₂O ₃1.7SiO ₂H ₂O) cause Na ₂O and Al ₂O ₃Loss, realize Na ₂O and Al ₂O ₃Be " zero " loss, Na ₂OH ₂The desiliconization treatment process technological line of O recycle.

5, in implementing the technical solution of the present invention process, links such as its desiliconization, Bayer stripping and circulating mother liquor concentration adopt " reflex nesting, spiral linear path and the canalization transducing production technology " of my invention effectively, make device systems miniaturization, simplification, significantly reduce facility investment, and realize the purpose of High-efficient Production, energy-efficient and environmental protection.