CN1990965A - Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate non-negative pressure water supplying system - Google Patents
Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate non-negative pressure water supplying system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1990965A CN1990965A CNA200510132494XA CN200510132494A CN1990965A CN 1990965 A CN1990965 A CN 1990965A CN A200510132494X A CNA200510132494X A CN A200510132494XA CN 200510132494 A CN200510132494 A CN 200510132494A CN 1990965 A CN1990965 A CN 1990965A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- water
- negative pressure
- totally
- equilibrium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010008190 Cerebrovascular accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000416 exudates and transudate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
Landscapes
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an all-closed self-balance cavity water supply system without negative pressure, comprising stabilizing compensator, in which there are multiple isolated cavities and collecting pressure machine and divergence machine are set; vacuum suppressor, in which microprocessor is set; water pump, check valve, gate valve, outfall sewer; pressure sensor, VVVF control cupboard; sterilizer; and water inlet pipe. By combined action of isolated cavities, collecting pressure machine, vacuum suppressor, pressure sensor water supply without negative pressure in the whole equipment is realized under the all-closed status so as to avoid the air pollution of water quality and improve the work stability of system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of non-negative pressure water service system, particularly a kind ofly directly be serially connected in running water pipe provides water on the net for high building non-negative pressure water service system.
Background technology
Traditional secondary water-supply mode, all be to adopt to build large pool, the pond is put in the municipal tap water, be pressurised into user side by water pump again and supply water, this way of supplying water often needs bigger floor space, civil engineering costs is also higher, construction period is longer, for providing of living water use, because large pool exists the secondary pollution problem of water, so, exist the threat that user's health suffers damage.
Chinese patent ZL00215684.9 discloses a kind of no negative pressure, has not had the journey of suction pipe network supercharging current stabilization supply equipment; ZL00256147.6 discloses a kind of non-negative pressure method of water supply device; ZL01204960.3 discloses a kind of energy-conservation no negative pressure water storage tank.These disclosed supply equipments, it is that building water supply avoids making millpond that device can directly connect city planting ductwork, in above-mentioned all kinds of patents technical scheme, in order to eliminate the adverse effect of negative pressure to the municipal tap water pipe network, on fluid reservoir (water storage tank), all be provided with automatic air valve formula structure, when water from fluid reservoir (water storage tank), gas make-up enters in the jar, can contact fully with water, the air of pump house apoplexy involving the solid organs can produce certain pollution to water quality, when in a single day the valve of exhaust opening breaks down and leaks, water in the fluid reservoir (water storage tank) can be to splash everywhere, and fluid reservoir (water storage tank) around be provided with electric fixtures such as water pump assembly usually, the water electrode that splash goes out easily causes the electric fixtures short circuit, and supply equipment is destroyed.Chinese patent ZL02294675.6 discloses a kind of no negative pressure supercharging device, harmomegathus repeatedly by capsule realizes charging and discharging the water process, the capsule exudate inevitably can produce certain pollution to water quality at present, and capsule is aging directly influences equipment life, capsule can produce severe contamination, spilling water even flood pump house in case break as consumable accessory.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is can't effectively stop water pollution at existing water system, and the problem of poor reliability, a kind of Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate non-negative pressure water supplying system is provided, and this system adopts totally-enclosed cavity structure, realizes that reliability height, free of contamination high-quality supply water.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate non-negative pressure water supplying system; it comprises that inside is divided into a plurality of chambeies and the steady flow compensator that collects depressor and emanator is housed; the vacuum suppresser of microprocessor is housed; sterilizer; water pump; flap valve; gate valve; outfall sewer; pressure sensor; the variable frequency control cabinet; overpressure protector; backflow preventer; inlet channel; by each chamber that isolates; the collection depressor; emanator; vacuum suppresser; the acting in conjunction of pressure sensor is implemented in the non-negative pressure method of water supply under the totally-enclosed situation of total system; thereby stopped the air pollution of water quality; simultaneously also stop spilling of water, reduced the potential faults of water system.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that neither air inlet holds one's breath again in the whole process of system water supply, totally-enclosed water supply, do not have during water supply air pollution, water supply quality good, do not have dabble fault, a reliability of water supply height.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the principle schematic of preferred embodiment provided by the present invention.
1, steady flow compensator, 2, vacuum suppresser, 3, microprocessor; 4, switch, 5, pipeline, 6, sterilizer; 7, capsul, 8, pressure sensor, 9, backflow preventer; 10, vacuum table, 11, inlet channel, 12, pipe; 13, collection depressor, 14, pipe, 15, emanator; 16, delivery port, 17, pipeline, 18, outlet conduit; 19, water pump, 20, gate valve, 21, flap valve; 22, overpressure protector, 23, pressure sensor, 24, flap valve; 25, outfall sewer, 26, display, 27, the variable frequency control cabinet; 28, dividing plate, 29, dividing plate.
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to above accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is done further detailed description.
The inside of steady flow compensator (1) is divided into A by dividing plate (28) and dividing plate (29); B; three chambeies of C; dividing plate (28) and dividing plate (29) can be made the end socket form in order better to bear pressure; also can make straight plate form; inlet channel (11) communicates with chamber A; emanator (15) and pipe (14) are installed in the A of chamber; delivery port (16) is in the bottom in A chamber; delivery port (16) is connecting outlet conduit (18); outlet conduit (18) is connected with the water inlet of water pump (19); collection depressor (13) is installed in the B chamber; vacuum suppresser (2) is installed on the top of steady flow compensator (1); vacuum suppresser (2) is communicated with collection depressor (13) by pipe (12); inner chamber middle part at vacuum suppresser (2) is equipped with switch (4); display (26) is installed on the external surface of vacuum suppresser (2); display (26) can be with LCD or charactron display; on the inner chamber top of vacuum suppresser (2) microprocessor (3) is installed; the middle part of vacuum suppresser (2) is communicated with capsul (7) by pipeline (5); sterilizer (6) is installed in capsul (7); emanator (15) communicates with chamber B; vacuum table (10) is installed on inlet channel (11); between inlet channel (11) and steady flow compensator (1), backflow preventer (9) is installed; delivery port at water pump (19) is equipped with gate valve (20) and flap valve (21); a bypass line that flap valve (24) are housed in parallel with water pump; bypass line and water pump (19) converge at outfall sewer (25); chamber C in the steady flow compensator (1) communicates with outfall sewer (25) by pipeline (17); pipeline (17) passes the bottom in A chamber; communicate with the C chamber then; overpressure protector (22) and pressure sensor (23) are housed on outfall sewer (25); microprocessor (3) and switch (4); pressure sensor (8); collection depressor (13); display (26); variable frequency control cabinet (27) links by lead, and variable frequency control cabinet (27) is by lead and sterilizer (6); water pump (19); overpressure protector (22); pressure sensor (23) connects.
When system has just come into operation or at A, anhydrous in the C chamber, the inflow of city planting ductwork is during greater than user's water supply volume, A, the C chamber is in filling process, in the A chamber along with the rising ozone gaseous mixture of liquid level, inert gas enters collection depressor (13) through vacuum suppresser (2) and pipe (12), arrive the B chamber by collection depressor (13), in the B chamber, assemble, when the tap water pressure in pressure in the B chamber and the A chamber reaches balance, collection depressor (13) is started working, the working signal and the power supply of collection depressor (13) are provided by microprocessor (3) and variable frequency control cabinet (27) respectively, the 2-5 that collection depressor (13) work reaches tap water pressure in the A chamber with the gas in B chamber compression is doubly and greater than user's water setting pressure, in the A chamber, all be full of tap water, replenish when coming the water yield less than user's water supply volume in order to tap water, all being full of water final vacuum TVS (2) in the A chamber closes by the buoyancy of ball float, cut off the connection in A chamber and B chamber, collect depressor (13) and quit work this moment, emanator in this process (15) stops always, the water of elevated pressures arrives outfall sewer (25) through gate valve (20) and flap valve (21) when water pump (19) running pressurization, when the pressure in the C chamber during less than the pressure in the outfall sewer (25), water enters the C chamber through pipeline (17), water level in the C chamber raises, top confining gas pressurized, when pressure in pressure in the C chamber and the outfall sewer (25) reach identical after, be in an equilibrium state, in the outfall sewer (25) pressure less than the C chamber in during pressure, water (flow) direction is opposite, the C chamber is actual in the course of work of system plays a low discharge pressurize, the effect of voltage stabilizing and elimination water hammer, because of the Compressed Gas in the C chamber is inevitably wanted a water-soluble part, continuity along with System production time, gas flow in the C chamber can be less and less, influence low discharge pressurize and voltage regulation result, because of the pressure in the B chamber always greater than user's water setting pressure, promptly greater than the pressure in the C chamber, when C chamber, compression back middle water level is higher than certain when a bit, emanator (15) is by detecting voluntarily and realizing automatically and will give the ozone gaseous mixture of pressure in the B chamber, inert gas diffuses in the C chamber, divergence stops after reaching requirement voluntarily, thereby has effectively guaranteed the stability of systematic Water supply pressure.
In the system work process, when city planting ductwork come the water yield greater than user's water supply volume the time, the water of city planting ductwork enters in the A chamber of steady flow compensator (1) through inlet channel (11), be fed to water pump (19) by pipeline (18) and be pressurized to the user, this moment, the emanator (15) and the collection depressor (13) of chamber A and B inside, chamber all quit work, and system is in normal steadily water supply state.
When the inflow of city planting ductwork during less than user's water supply volume; more than normal steadily water supply state broken; microprocessor (3) passes to variable frequency control cabinet (27) with pressure and liquid level signal; receive the pressure sensor (23) that transmits from variable frequency control cabinet (27) and the operating frequency value of water pump (19) simultaneously; microprocessor (3) carries out integrated treatment; again signal is passed to the main single board computer in the variable frequency control cabinet (27); rotating speed by variable frequency control cabinet (27) control of pump (19) changes or switching by specific curves; cut-out pump working state; emanator (15) work after the corresponding time of delaying time simultaneously; the ozone gaseous mixture of pressure will be given; inert gas is according to the water utilization rate in the C chamber; at first diffuse in the C chamber; make the standby water in the C chamber all drop into user's use; when C chamber water can not satisfy; emanator (15) will be given the ozone gaseous mixture of pressure; inert gas is dispersed in the A chamber; when being descended, A chamber middle water level keeps malleation always; deposit water in the A chamber is fed to the user by the water pump pressurization; to remedy the deficiency that tap water comes the water yield; when the drawdown in the A chamber arrives lowest water level, system's automatic shutdown protection.In the above course of work, vacuum suppresser (2), collection depressor (13), variable frequency control cabinet (27), pressure sensor (8), pressure sensor (23), emanator (15) associated working, guarantee reliably in the A chamber, can not produce negative pressure according to pressure in the A chamber and liquid level signal, and the deposit water in the A chamber again in time and completely Mi mend in user's water.
Vacuum table (10) is installed on the pipe network of municipal tap water; be used for test and monitoring system and negative pressure whether occurs; when reality is used; system is usually operated at normal state; just system comes the water yield usually greater than water supply volume; this moment, this closed system was in relative dead state; especially bacterium is multiplied in the B chamber easily; sterilizer (6) is when system is in normal water supply state; timely to the B chamber; vacuum suppresser (2) inner chamber is sterilized; backflow preventer (9) avoids aqueous reflux to enter city planting ductwork; overpressure protector (22) occurs when out of control in system; can stop the operation of water pump (19); prevent system overpressure; switch (4) can provide liquid level signal to microprocessor (3) when ball float moves in vacuum suppresser (2), and display (26) can demonstrate the pressure and the liquid level numerical value of internal system intuitively, makes things convenient for the operation and the monitoring of system.
It should be noted last that: above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate non-negative pressure water supplying system, it comprises steady flow compensator (1), vacuum suppresser (2), sterilizer (6), water pump (19), flap valve (21), gate valve (20), outfall sewer (25), pressure sensor (9), variable frequency control cabinet (27), inlet channel (11), it is characterized in that: the inside of steady flow compensator (1) is divided into A, B, three chambeies of C by dividing plate (28) and dividing plate (29), emanator (15) is installed in the A of chamber, collection depressor (13) is installed in the B chamber, and emanator (15) communicates with chamber B.
2, Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate non-negative pressure water supplying system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inner chamber middle part at vacuum suppresser (2) is equipped with switch (4), display (26) is installed on the external surface of vacuum suppresser (2), microprocessor (3) is installed on the inner chamber top of vacuum suppresser (2).
3, Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate non-negative pressure water supplying system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: vacuum suppresser (2) is installed on the top of steady flow compensator (1), and vacuum suppresser (2) is communicated with collection depressor (13) by pipe (12).
4, Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate non-negative pressure water supplying system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: pipeline (17) passes the bottom in A chamber, communicates with the C chamber then.
5, Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate non-negative pressure water supplying system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the middle part of vacuum suppresser (2) is communicated with capsul (7) by pipeline (5), and sterilizer (6) is installed in capsul (7).
6, Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate non-negative pressure water supplying system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: inlet channel (11) communicates with chamber A.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200510132494XA CN100476089C (en) | 2005-12-26 | 2005-12-26 | Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate type non-negative pressure water supplying system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200510132494XA CN100476089C (en) | 2005-12-26 | 2005-12-26 | Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate type non-negative pressure water supplying system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1990965A true CN1990965A (en) | 2007-07-04 |
| CN100476089C CN100476089C (en) | 2009-04-08 |
Family
ID=38213484
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200510132494XA Expired - Fee Related CN100476089C (en) | 2005-12-26 | 2005-12-26 | Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate type non-negative pressure water supplying system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100476089C (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102433914A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-05-02 | 绍兴文理学院 | Intelligent water supply system for high-rise building |
| CN107700601A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽舜禹水务股份有限公司 | Totally-enclosed Intelligent pipe net laminating water service system |
| CN107700600A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽舜禹水务股份有限公司 | Three pot type network pressure superposition water supply systems |
-
2005
- 2005-12-26 CN CNB200510132494XA patent/CN100476089C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102433914A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-05-02 | 绍兴文理学院 | Intelligent water supply system for high-rise building |
| CN107700601A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽舜禹水务股份有限公司 | Totally-enclosed Intelligent pipe net laminating water service system |
| CN107700600A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽舜禹水务股份有限公司 | Three pot type network pressure superposition water supply systems |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100476089C (en) | 2009-04-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN205296298U (en) | Automatically cleaning pot -type does not have negative pressure water supply equipment | |
| CN204456297U (en) | A kind of water supply high-low pressure compensation equipment with automatic cleaning function | |
| CN100476089C (en) | Totally-enclosed self-equilibrium cavate type non-negative pressure water supplying system | |
| CN100476088C (en) | Totally-enclosed non-pollution cavate self-equilibrium non-negative pressure water supplying equipment | |
| CN211006862U (en) | Two-tank three-cavity type non-negative-pressure water supply device with sterilization function | |
| CN205296299U (en) | Steady voltage pot -type does not have negative pressure water supply equipment | |
| CN203741932U (en) | Secondary water supply system for pipe network overlying self-supply water tank | |
| CN104727388A (en) | Network pressure superposition based secondary water supply system with self-contained water reservoir | |
| CN208309701U (en) | A kind of Intelligent pipe net laminating water supply equipment with water tank | |
| CN201443094U (en) | Water supply apparatus without negative pressure | |
| CN204023717U (en) | A kind of pot type non-negative pressure water-supply installation of many pumps multifrequency | |
| CN201250419Y (en) | Pipe network pressure superposition intelligent water-supplying pumping station system | |
| CN207277418U (en) | A kind of new subregion intelligent water supply system and water supply installation | |
| CN1580426A (en) | Living and fire--fighting common non-negative-pressure water supply system | |
| CN201381973Y (en) | Autocontrol energy-saving emulsion liquid pumping plant | |
| CN201158837Y (en) | Non-suction lift non-negative pressure supercharging and stabilizing water supply equipment | |
| CN104594452A (en) | Tap water high and low pressure compensation equipment with automatic cleaning function | |
| CN104846902A (en) | Fully-automatic pot-type pipe network pressure-superposed non-negative-pressure water supply device | |
| CN101451363A (en) | Non-negative pressure frequency-changing water supply device | |
| CN201080623Y (en) | Full-automatic negative-pressure free energy-saving water-supply installation | |
| CN205561583U (en) | Condenser vacuum automatic voltage regulator | |
| CN104846931A (en) | Intelligent pipe network pressure-superposed non-negative pressure variable frequency water supply device | |
| CN2482561Y (en) | Non-tank pipe type automatic supplying water equipment | |
| CN200974992Y (en) | Pressure driving automatic water supply device drive | |
| CN201236359Y (en) | Full-automatic dual frequency laminating water supply equipment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: QINGDAO SANLI ZHONGDEMEI WATER EQUIPMENT CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ZHANG MINGLIANG Effective date: 20150115 |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20150115 Address after: Hong Tan Street of Chengyang District of Shandong city in Qingdao province 266111 spine Industrial Road northbound No. 2 Patentee after: QINGDAO SANLI ZHONGDEMEI WATER EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Address before: 266111 Shandong city of Qingdao Province Green Industrial Park of Chengyang District, Qingdao Sanli Group Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Zhang Mingliang |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20180620 Address after: 266111 North Chengyang Road, Chengyang, Qingdao, Shandong. Co-patentee after: Qingdao Sanli Group Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: QINGDAO SANLI ZHONGDEMEI WATER EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Address before: 266111 North Chengyang Road, Chengyang, Qingdao, Shandong. Patentee before: QINGDAO SANLI ZHONGDEMEI WATER EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090408 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |