CN1989260A - 绝热辊 - Google Patents

绝热辊 Download PDF

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CN1989260A
CN1989260A CNA2005800161962A CN200580016196A CN1989260A CN 1989260 A CN1989260 A CN 1989260A CN A2005800161962 A CNA2005800161962 A CN A2005800161962A CN 200580016196 A CN200580016196 A CN 200580016196A CN 1989260 A CN1989260 A CN 1989260A
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heat
resistant rings
tub shaft
metal tub
resistant
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宋和雄
平栗宽治
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Ask Technica Corp
Korea Toho Co Ltd
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Korea Toho Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B65/00Locks or fastenings for special use
    • E05B65/0025Locks or fastenings for special use for glass wings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F27B9/2469Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor the conveyor being constituted by rollable bodies
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0012Rolls; Roll arrangements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/562Details
    • C21D9/563Rolls; Drums; Roll arrangements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F27B9/2407Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor the conveyor being constituted by rollers (roller hearth furnace)
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/02Skids or tracks for heavy objects
    • F27D3/026Skids or tracks for heavy objects transport or conveyor rolls for furnaces; roller rails

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及绝热辊。本发明的目的是不使用焊接将耐热环和盘环绕装配在金属筒状轴上,以确保随温度变化所导致的热膨胀和收缩的优异的变形能力。本发明的绝热辊包括金属筒状轴(1)。多个耐热环(2)以预定间隔沿轴向设置在固定凸缘(5)和可动凸缘(6)之间,该固定凸缘(5)和可动凸缘(6)设置在所述金属筒状轴(1)的外周上。多个盘(7)设置在所述耐热环(2)之间。所述耐热环(2)和盘(7)不是焊接而是装配在所述金属筒状轴(1)上。

Description

绝热辊
技术领域
本发明一般涉及绝热辊,更具体地涉及这样一种绝热辊,该绝热辊具有小的热导率,可防止炉子内气温的降低,并且随着炉子工作或停工时温度变化所导致的热膨胀和收缩而具有优异的变形能力。
背景技术
通过位于用于在热轧前预热板坯的炉子内的托辊来举例说明传统的绝热辊,图7中示出这样一个示例。用于承载板坯的多个耐热环2焊接在水冷金属筒状轴1上。由耐热钢制成的栓件3焊接在金属筒状轴1的表面的未焊有耐热环的区域上,在这样得到的结构上涂覆耐热灰浆4,由此获得绝热辊6A的绝热结构。但是,上述构造未公开在专利文献中。
具有上述构造的传统绝热辊存在下列问题。
换句话说,由于用耐热钢制成的环直接焊接在传统绝热辊的金属筒状轴上,所以通过水冷金属筒柱轴的热损失很大,并且使炉内气温降低或者燃料消耗增加。
此外,耐热环的表面和水冷金属筒状轴的焊接部分之间的温差很大,由此导致很高的热应力。而且,由于耐热环或金属筒状轴经常与焊接部分分离,所以必须停止炉子的工作以更换辊子。
并且,由于通过涂覆耐热灰浆而形成绝热结构,所以当灰浆干燥并硬化时产生的收缩和在结构工作时由加热造成的热收缩会在耐热环和灰浆的接触面处形成缝隙。热量通过这些缝隙进入水冷金属筒状轴中,由此增加燃料消耗并损害金属筒状轴,导致辊子的寿命缩短。
此外,由于与炉子的工作和停工相关的热循环,耐热灰浆容易脱落,由此每三或四个月就必须修补一次灰浆。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种绝热辊,其中耐热环和盘不是焊接在金属筒状轴上,而是环绕装配在金属筒状轴上,所以热导率很小,绝热辊根据耐热环的热膨胀和收缩而发生变形,并由此可防止缝隙的形成和热损失,不会降低炉内气温,燃料消耗不会增加,抗冲击性能也很优异。
本发明提供一种绝热辊。该绝热辊包括:具有供冷却水20通过的通孔1A的金属筒状轴1;多个环绕装配在金属筒状轴1上并以预定间隔沿轴向设置在固定凸缘5和可动凸缘6之间的耐热环2,所述固定凸缘5和可动凸缘6设置在金属筒状轴1的外周上;多个沿轴向设置在耐热环2之间的盘7。耐热环2和盘7不是焊接而是环绕装配在金属筒状轴1上。
本发明还提供一种绝热辊,其特征在于,每个耐热环2包括具有不同直径并同心地设置在相同的竖直轴线上的第一和第二耐热环部分2A、2B。
本发明还提供一种绝热辊,其特征在于,耐热环2的第一和第二耐热环部分2A、2B通过使用一对环形板2D和在它们的接合处2M沿轴向旋拧入该对环形板2D中的圆头螺钉2E而连接在一起。
本发明还提供一种绝热辊,其特征在于,在金属筒状轴1的外壁上形成有金属筒状轴键槽1d,在耐热环2的内壁上形成有键槽2C,耐热环2通过与金属筒状轴键槽1d和键槽2C相接合的键10环绕装配在金属筒状轴1上。
本发明还提供一种绝热辊,其特征在于,在金属筒状轴1的外壁上形成有金属筒状轴键槽1d,在耐热环2中具有较小直径的第二耐热环部分2B的内壁上形成有键槽2C,第二耐热环部分2B通过与金属筒状轴键槽1d和键槽2C相接合的键10环绕装配在金属筒状轴1上。
本发明还提供一种绝热辊,其特征在于,耐热环2部分或全部由陶瓷制成。
本发明还提供一种绝热辊,其特征在于,每个耐热环2的外侧的第一耐热环部分2A由镍钴合金或不锈钢制成,而每个耐热环2的内侧的第二耐热环部分2B由陶瓷制成。
具有上述结构的本发明的绝热辊提供以下效果。
在本发明的绝热辊中,构成辊子的外表面部分的耐热环具有优异的耐磨和抗冲击性能,可承受在热轧期间输运板坯过程中所产生的载荷,还可承受磨损和冲击。此外,耐热环环绕装配在水冷金属筒状轴上,由此可减小由于导热而通过金属筒状轴的热损失并防止耐热环由于热应力而与金属筒状轴分离。另外,在示例2中使用了具有较大和较小直径的耐热环,因此减小了热导率。由于使用SUS310S而不是只使用昂贵的基于镍钴合金的耐热钢来制造环,因此降低了成本。
此外,由于使用耐热陶瓷环,所以可防止由导热引起的热损失。
而且,由于在绝热部分中使用由无机材料制成的盘,柔软有弹性的盘使得在耐热环与绝热盘的接触面处不会产生缝隙或裂缝,由此可防止热量直接流入水冷金属筒状轴中。另外,在示例1中,如果紧固所述盘的螺母在绝热辊经过试验之后变松,则由无机材料制成的盘轴向回复15mm(25%)以充分吸收1.5mm(当整个环处于1200℃时计算出的值;线膨胀系数17.8×10-6),该1.5mm对应于由基于镍钴合金的耐热钢制成的环的轴向热膨胀的变化量,由此防止缝隙的产生。
本发明可应用于用于制造钢铁的绝热辊和其它在高温下工作的输运设备。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的绝热辊的纵剖视图;
图2是进行试验的图1的辊子的纵剖视图;
图3是沿图2的线Y-Y剖开朝箭头方向看去的剖视图;
图4是图2的主要部分的剖视图;
图5是与图3的环不同的另一种类型的环的横剖视图;
图6是图5的纵剖视图;以及
图7是传统绝热辊的纵剖视图。
附图主要部分的参考标号的说明:
1:金属筒状轴       1A:供冷却水通过的通孔
1a:一端            1b:另一端
1c:螺纹部          1d:金属筒状轴键槽
2:耐热环           2C:键槽
5:固定凸缘         6:可动凸缘
7:盘               8:螺母
10:键              6A:绝热辊
2A:第一耐热环部分  2B:第二耐热环部分
2D:环形板          2E:圆头螺钉
具体实施方式
现在参考附图对本发明的绝热辊进行说明。此外,在不同的附图中使用相同的参考标号表示相同或类似的部件。
在图1中,参考标号1表示圆筒状的金属筒状轴,该金属筒状轴具有用于引导冷却水通过的通孔1A。固定凸缘5焊接在金属筒状轴1的一端1a的外周上,可动凸缘6设在金属筒状轴1的另一端1b。该可动凸缘6由螺母8沿轴向并弹性地支承,该螺母8旋拧在所述另一端1b的外螺纹部上。
由预定材料制成的盘7(例如,多个由无机材料制成的环形的片,该无机材料包括含有日本ASK Technika Co.制造的ASK#2057的无石棉材料)和基于镍钴合金的耐热环2沿轴向在所述凸缘5、6之间环绕装配在金属筒状轴1上。当旋拧从而移动螺母8使其挤压固定凸缘5时,盘7和耐热环2被挤压并被弹性而牢固地支承,从而形成绝热辊6A。
此外,耐热环2和盘7不是焊接而是环绕装配在金属筒状轴上。
当具有如图1所示结构的绝热辊6A进行性能试验时,辊子可如图2至4所示。但是,就基本原理而言,图1至4中所示的所有结构都构成相同的根据本发明的绝热辊6A。
一对金属筒状轴键槽1d以180°的间隔形成在图1至4所示的金属筒状轴1的外壁上,从而它们彼此相对。一对键槽2C形成在各耐热环2的内壁上,且键10插在由键1d、2C形成的空间内。因此,耐热环2不可能相对于金属筒状轴1作周向转动,但是该耐热环可沿轴向移动。
换句话说,当耐热环2设在由无机材料制成的盘7之间时,在发生热膨胀和收缩时,耐热环2没有被轴向固定,而是可以沿轴向移动。
此外,通过设计以充分补偿周向上的热膨胀和收缩,因此可防止由于在输运板坯过程中沿转动方向(周向)施加的冲击而造成的耐热环2的空转。换句话说,如果耐热环2发生轴向热膨胀和收缩,则起弹簧作用的盘7防止缝隙形成,且耐热环2不被固定。因此,减小了热应力的产生并可防止分离。
对于由于耐热环2的导热而造成的水冷金属筒状轴1的热损失,由于耐热环2不像传统结构那样焊接在金属筒状轴上,而是环绕装配在水冷金属筒状轴1上,所以可阻抗在环和轴的接触面处的热传递,由此减少被传递的热量。
通过下列示例可更好地理解本发明,这些示例只用于说明,而不应解释为对本发明的限制。
示例1
制造具有如图2至4所示尺寸的绝热辊(6A),并在如虚线所示的硅碳炉11中在1200℃的温度下加热。测量基于镍钴合金的耐热环的各部位的温度(图3和4中的xA至xD部位),并测量冷却水20的入口和出口温度,从而可与传统的焊接结构或耐热灰浆绝热结构比较热损失。此外,可通过眼睛观察来确认在耐热环2和绝热材料的接触面处是否有缝隙形成。
在传统的焊接结构或耐热灰浆绝热结构中,如图7所示,耐热环2焊接在绝热辊6A的水冷金属筒状轴1上,并且Y形构件3焊接在金属筒状轴1的设有由无机材料制成的盘7的区域上。在生产结构4的材料中混有由Asahi Glass Co.,Ltd.制造的Asahi light caster-13(LC-13),以生产包含35重量%的耐热灰浆并且具有280Φ外径的结构4,并进行比较试验。所用的冷却水的量为3L/min。
示例2
除了耐热环2包括具有较大直径的第一耐热环部分2A和具有较小直径的第二耐热环部分2B从而它们如图5和6所示同心地设在相同的竖直轴线上,以及构成内环部分的第二耐热环部分2B由SUS310S制成以外,基于镍钴合金的耐热环2与示例1中相同。此外,环形板2D和圆头螺钉2E设在接合处2M以将第一和第二耐热环部分2A、2B连接在一起。其余的试验条件与示例1中相同。
示例3
构成示例2的第一和第二耐热环部分2A、2B的内环部分的第二耐热环部分2B由Al2O3陶瓷烧结体而非由SUS310S制成。其余的试验条件与示例1中相同。
示例4
示例1的耐热环2由Al2O3陶瓷烧结体制成,而非由基于镍钴合金的耐热钢制成。其余的试验条件与示例1中相同。
示例1、2、3和4,以及比较示例的结果如表1所示。
表1
示例1 示例2 示例3 示例4 比较示例
冷却水温度℃     入口出口 1941 1937 1932 1927 1948
耐热环的各部位的温度℃     ABCD 11651070921251 11721100921225 118511501100186 11921155950153 11491055843255
冷却水的热损失量Kcal/Hr 3960 3240 2340 1440 5220
经过试验后辊子的外观 在耐热环和绝热盘的接触面处没有裂缝和缝隙形成 在耐热环和绝热盘的接触面处没有裂缝和缝隙形成 在耐热环和绝热盘的接触面处没有裂缝和缝隙形成 在耐热陶瓷环(Al2O3)和绝热盘的接触面处没有裂缝和缝隙形成 在耐热钢环和耐热灰浆的接触面处有裂缝和缝隙(1.0-1.5mm)形成

Claims (7)

1.一种绝热辊,包括:
具有供冷却水(20)通过的通孔(1A)的金属筒状轴(1);
多个环绕装配在所述金属筒状轴(1)上并以预定间隔沿轴向设置在固定凸缘(5)和可动凸缘(6)之间的耐热环(2),所述固定凸缘(5)和可动凸缘(6)设置在所述金属筒状轴(1)的外周上;
多个沿轴向设置在耐热环(2)之间的盘(7);
其中,所述耐热环(2)和所述盘(7)不是焊接而是环绕装配在所述金属筒状轴(1)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的绝热辊,其特征在于,所述每个耐热环(2)包括具有不同直径并同心地设置在相同的竖直轴线上的第一耐热环部分(2A)和第二耐热环部分(2B)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的绝热辊,其特征在于,所述耐热环(2)的所述第一耐热环部分(2A)和第二耐热环部分(2B)通过使用一对环形板(2D)和在它们的接合处(2M)沿轴向旋拧入该对环形板(2D)中的圆头螺钉(2E)而连接在一起。
4.根据权利要求1所述的绝热辊,其特征在于,在所述金属筒状轴(1)的外壁上形成有金属筒状轴键槽(1d),在所述耐热环(2)的内壁上形成有键槽(2C),所述耐热环(2)通过与所述金属筒状轴键槽(1d)和所述键槽(2C)相接合的键(10)环绕装配在所述金属筒状轴(1)上。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的绝热辊,其特征在于,在所述金属筒状轴(1)的外壁上形成有金属筒状轴键槽(1d),在所述耐热环(2)中具有较小直径的第二耐热环部分(2B)的内壁上形成有键槽(2C),所述第二耐热环部分(2B)通过与所述金属筒状轴键槽(1d)和所述键槽(2C)相接合的键(10)环绕装配在所述金属筒状轴(1)上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的绝热辊,其特征在于,耐热环(2)部分或全部由陶瓷制成。
7.根据权利要求2或3所述的绝热辊,其特征在于,所述每个耐热环(2)的外侧的第一耐热环部分(2A)由镍钴合金或不锈钢制成,而所述每个耐热环(2)的内侧的第二耐热环部分(2B)由陶瓷制成。
CNA2005800161962A 2004-05-20 2005-04-26 绝热辊 Pending CN1989260A (zh)

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