CN1979917A - Method for making white-light organic light-emitting-diode - Google Patents
Method for making white-light organic light-emitting-diode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method includes steps of vacuum depositing following layer by layer: (1) vacuum depositing a layer of material for holes transport and luminescence capable of generating electricity excitated association object; (2) vacuum depositing a layer of material for electrons transport and luminescence; (3) vacuum depositing a layer of cavity barrier material and a layer of electrons transport material; (4) vacuum depositing a layer of cathode. The disclosed white light OLED possesses features: quite pure chroma, color coordinate closed to pure white light, higher brightness, and luminous efficiency, and suitable color temperature for requirement of illumination. Selecting suitable material for super thin electrons transport and luminescence, the invention adjusts color of luminescence so as to obtain pure white light.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of white organic LED, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method who swashs the white organic LED of associated matter (electromer) based on electricity.
Background technology
After Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) was in the news from 1987 (C.W.Tang, S.A.VanSlyke, Appl.Phys.Lett.1987,51,913), because its potential application aspect demonstration and illumination has obtained significant progress so far.White light OLED has caused the great interest of people in recent years, because advantages such as its low energy consumption, low cost, large tracts of land, thereby can be used as the plate lighting light source, also can be used as the background light source of LCD.The main method of preparation white light OLED mainly contains two kinds at present: fluorescence or phosphor material that (1) mixes different colours obtain white light (M.Granstr m, O.Ingan s, Appl.Phys.Lett.1996,68,147; X.Gong, W.Ma, J.C.Ostrowski, Adv.Mater.2004,16,615; C.W.Ko, Y.T.Tao, Appl.Phys.Lett.2001,79,4234); (2) generation that swashs compound (electroplex) based on exciplex (exciplex) or electricity obtain white light (B.W.D ' Andrade, J.Brooks, V.Adamovich, Adv.Mater.2002,14,1032; C.L.Chao, S.A.Chen, Appl.Phys.Lett.1997,73,426; J.Y.Li, D.Liu, C.Ma, Adv.Mater.2004,16,1538).The fluorescence or the phosphor material that mix different colours obtain white light, because of its available material ranges is wide, so be a kind of more method of using.But the white light parts that makes in this way preparation can produce that colourity changes with driving voltage and dye molecule between thereby F rster energy takes place shifts shortcomings such as influencing glow color.It is few that the generation that swashs compound based on exciplex or electricity obtains the luminescent material that the advantage of white light is to use, general only need to use two kinds of luminescent materials (for electricity swashs associated matter, only needing a kind of material) just can, but the white light color that obtains in this way is generally all impure.Require that purer colourity is arranged (chromaticity coordinates of pure white light is (0.33,0.33)) for illuminating white light source, and suitable colour temperature (3000K～7500K).Therefore exploitation swashs the new method for preparing white light OLED of associated matter based on electricity, and characteristic such as change is not very meaningful and necessary with driving voltage to make prepared device that purer colourity, suitable colour temperature, glow color be arranged.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of white organic LED.
For achieving the above object, the preparation method of white organic LED provided by the invention the steps include:
A) vacuum evaporation one deck can generate hole transport that electricity the swashs associated matter luminescent material of holding concurrently on tin indium oxide (ITO) glass substrate;
B) vacuum evaporation one deck electric transmission luminescent material of holding concurrently again;
C) vacuum evaporation one deck hole barrier materials and one deck electron transport material again;
D) vacuum evaporation cathode layer again;
The described hole transport luminescent material of holding concurrently is:
9,9 '-two (4-(two-p-methylphenyl) aminophenyls)-2,7-two (hexichol amido) fluorenes (being expressed as TADPF),
9,9 '-two (4-(two-p-methylphenyl) aminophenyls)-2,7-two (2-naphthyl phenyl amido) fluorenes (being expressed as TANPF), or
9,9 '-two (4-(two-p-methylphenyl) aminophenyls)-2,7-two (9-carbazyl) fluorenes (being expressed as TAKF);
Its structural formula respectively suc as formula 1, shown in the formula 2, formula 3
The described electric transmission luminescent material of holding concurrently is that 2-(2-hydroxy phenyl) benzothiazole zinc (is expressed as Zn (BTZ)
2), its structural formula is as shown in Equation 4
Described hole barrier materials is four naphthalene silane (being expressed as TNS), and its structural formula as shown in Equation 5
Described electron transport material is that oxine aluminium (is expressed as Alq
3), its structural formula is as shown in Equation 6
Described cathode layer is lithium, calcium, barium, magnesium, silver or aluminium.
The described hole transport luminescent material thickness of holding concurrently is 20-60nm.
The described electric transmission luminescent material thickness of holding concurrently is 2-10nm.
Described hole barrier materials thickness is 10-30nm; Electron transport material thickness is 30-60nm.
Described cathode layer is lithium fluoride/aluminium.
The present invention has following feature:
1) device architecture comprises: ito anode can generate hole transport that electricity the swashs associated matter luminescent layer of holding concurrently, the super-thin electronic transmission that is used to the to regulate glow color luminescent layer of holding concurrently, hole blocking layer, electron transfer layer, negative electrode.
2) long wavelength component in the white light launched of device derives from the electricity that generates in the hole mobile material and swashs the luminous of associated matter under electric field, and this light that is positioned at the long wave strong point is not subjected to the influence of other material at the interface.
3) play two effects at hole transport super-thin electronic transmission between luminescent layer and the hole blocking layer luminescent layer of holding concurrently of holding concurrently: (a) make electronics can enter hole transport smoothly by this layer and hold concurrently in the luminescent layer; (b) can regulate the short wavelength's component in the white light: under the forward voltage, the hold concurrently high-energy exciton that generates in the luminescent layer of hole transport enters by migration and attenuation takes place in this superthin layer sends light, select for use this layer material to make it to become complementary colours, so obtain pure white light with the glow color of the sharp associated matter of electricity with suitable glow color.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1) white light OLED for preparing of the present invention has purer colourity, and its chromaticity coordinates is very near the chromaticity coordinates value of pure white light.
2) white light OLED of the present invention's preparation has the colour temperature that is suitable for lighting demand.
3) white light OLED of the present invention's preparation can be regulated glow color by selecting the suitable double luminescent layer material of super-thin electronic transmission for use, thereby obtains pure white light.
4) white light OLED of the present invention's preparation has higher brightness and luminous efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a white light parts structural representation of the present invention, among the figure: 1-ITO, the 2-hole transport luminescent layer of holding concurrently, the 3-electric transmission is held concurrently luminous, 4-hole blocking layer, 5-electron transfer layer, 6-LiF, 7-Al.
Fig. 2 single layer device ITO/ hole transport hold concurrently fluorescence emission spectrum of luminescent material thin-film of the electroluminescent spectrum of luminescent layer/Al and hole transport of holding concurrently: wherein
The hole transport of Fig. 2 a luminescent material of holding concurrently is TADPF;
The hole transport of Fig. 2 b luminescent material of holding concurrently is TANPF;
The hole transport of Fig. 2 c luminescent material of holding concurrently is TAKF.
Fig. 3 is the electroluminescent spectrum of white light parts of the present invention.
Fig. 4 a is the current density-voltage curve of white light parts of the present invention;
Fig. 4 b is the brightness-voltage curve of white light parts of the present invention;
Fig. 4 c is the luminous efficiency-current density curve of white light parts of the present invention.
Embodiment:
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but the present invention is not limited to this example.
Embodiment 1
The organic semiconducting materials of preparation white light OLED: hole transport and luminescent material are TADPF, TANPF or TAKF, its structural formula respectively suc as formula 1, shown in the formula 2, formula 3
They all can generate electricity and swash associated matter under electric field, they synthetic referring to document (K.F.Shao, Y.F.Li, L.M.Yang, Chem.Lett.2005,34,1604); The electric transmission luminescent material of holding concurrently is Zn (BTZ)
2Hole barrier materials is TNS; Electron transport material is Alq
3
The used anode of device is ITO, and negative electrode is lithium fluoride (LiF)/aluminium (Al), but negative electrode is not limited to this, also can be metals such as lithium, calcium, barium, magnesium, silver, aluminium.
Implementation step:
The first step: the cleaning of ito glass
Ito glass cleans with washing agent, running water, deionized water, acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol successively, places baking oven to dry then.
Second step: the modification on ITO surface
Ito glass is placed culture dish, splash into an octadecyl trichlorosilane (OTS) in culture dish, 120 ℃ of heating in vacuum are 3 hours in vacuum drying oven, slowly cool to room temperature after, be not adsorbed onto the OTS on ITO surface with the chloroform flush away.
The 3rd step: evaporation organic layer
Ito glass sheet after modifying is placed in the vacuum chamber, 4 * 10
-4Under the vacuum condition of Pa, deposit each organic layer with the speed of 2 /s, the organic layer gross thickness is～100nm in the device;
In each organic layer:
The electric transmission luminescent material of holding concurrently is Zn (BTZ)
2, its structural formula as shown in Equation 4
Hole barrier materials is TNS, and its structural formula as shown in Equation 5
Electron transport material is Alq
3, its structural formula as shown in Equation 6
The 4th step: negative electrode preparation
Evaporation LiF/Al negative electrode on the ITO substrate of the intact organic layer of evaporation, LiF thickness 0.5nm, Al thickness 100nm.The white light parts structure of preparation as shown in Figure 1.
The 5th step: the test of device performance
Above-mentioned device is tested under room temperature, atmospheric environment: electric current～voltage curve is recorded by the HP4140B semi-conductor test instrument; Luminous power is recorded by the NewPort2835C light power meter, can obtain light emission luminance value through conversion; Chromaticity coordinates and colour temperature are recorded by the PR-650 colorimeter.
Fig. 2 is the hold concurrently fluorescence spectrum of luminescent material and the electroluminescent spectrum of single layer device thereof of hole transport, the long wavelength emission that occurs under electric field does not occur under light activated situation, shows that this long wavelength's emission comes from the sharp associated matter (electromer) of electricity.
The electroluminescence spectrogram of the white light parts that makes is seen Fig. 3, adds Zn (BTZ) as can be seen from Figure
2Behind the superthin layer, short wavelength's component mainly comes from Zn (BTZ)
2Emission, and TADPF, TANPF, the TAKF emission below 430nm all greatly weakens, and shows that the high-energy exciton major part that generates in these hole transport are held concurrently luminescent layer moves to and have narrower Zn (BTZ) that can band
2Attenuation takes place in the layer and luminous.
Current density-the voltage of white light parts, brightness-voltage, luminous efficiency-current density curve is seen Fig. 4.The performance parameter of device is listed in the table 1, wherein makes of TADPF to have best device performance when hole transport is held concurrently luminescent layer, and high-high brightness reaches 5123cd/m
2, maximum luminous efficiency reaches 2.8cd/A, and chromaticity coordinates is (0.33,0.33), and colour temperature is 5450K.
Table 1
| The hole transport luminescent material of holding concurrently | Chromaticity coordinates | Colour temperature (K) | High-high brightness (cd/m 2) | Maximum luminous efficiency (cd/A) |
| TADPF | (0.33，0.33) | 5450 | 5123 | 2.8 |
| TANPF | (0.35，0.35) | 5245 | 2965 | 1.9 |
| TAKF | (0.30，0.35) | 6770 | 2103 | 1.4 |
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of a white organic LED the steps include:
A) vacuum evaporation one deck can generate hole transport that electricity the swashs associated matter luminescent material of holding concurrently on the tin indium oxide glass substrate;
B) vacuum evaporation one deck electric transmission luminescent material of holding concurrently again;
C) vacuum evaporation one deck hole barrier materials and one deck electron transport material again;
D) vacuum evaporation cathode layer again;
The described hole transport luminescent material of holding concurrently is 9,9 '-two (4-(two-p-methylphenyl) aminophenyls)-2,7-two (hexichol amido) fluorenes, 9,9 '-two (4-(two-p-methylphenyl) aminophenyls)-2,7-two (2-naphthyl phenyl amido) fluorenes or 9,9 '-two (4-(two-p-methylphenyl) aminophenyls)-2,7-two (9-carbazyl) fluorenes; Its structural formula respectively suc as formula 1, shown in the formula 2, formula 3
Formula 1 formula 2 formulas 3;
The described electric transmission luminescent material of holding concurrently is 2-(2-hydroxy phenyl) benzothiazole zinc, and its structural formula as shown in Equation 4
Formula 4;
Described hole barrier materials is four naphthalene silane, and its structural formula as shown in Equation 5
Formula 5;
Described electron transport material is an oxine aluminium, and its structural formula as shown in Equation 6
Formula 6;
Described cathode layer is lithium, calcium, barium, magnesium, silver or aluminium.
2. the described preparation method of claim 1 is characterized in that, the hole transport luminescent material thickness of holding concurrently is 20-60nm.
3. the described preparation method of claim 1 is characterized in that, the electric transmission luminescent material thickness of holding concurrently is 2-10nm.
4. the described preparation method of claim 1 is characterized in that, hole barrier materials thickness is 10-30nm; Electron transport material thickness is 30-60nm.
5. the described preparation method of claim 1 is characterized in that, cathode layer is lithium fluoride/aluminium.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101225298B (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2012-05-30 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Hole-transporting type blue luminescent material as well as preparation and uses thereof |
| KR20130080998A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2013-07-16 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Fluorene derivatives and salts thereof |
| CN103443951A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2013-12-11 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Organic electroluminescent element and lighting device |
| US9296738B2 (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2016-03-29 | Everdisplay Optronics (Shanghai) Limited | Organic electroluminescent material, the process for preparing the same and OLED device using the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9748492B2 (en) | 2012-11-02 | 2017-08-29 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Organic electroluminescent device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4628594B2 (en) * | 2001-06-25 | 2011-02-09 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Organic light emitting device and light emitting material |
| KR20050017169A (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2005-02-22 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Organic electroluminescent display device using anode surface reforming layer |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101225298B (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2012-05-30 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Hole-transporting type blue luminescent material as well as preparation and uses thereof |
| CN103443951A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2013-12-11 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Organic electroluminescent element and lighting device |
| CN103443951B (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2015-12-23 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Organic electroluminescent device and ligthing paraphernalia |
| KR20130080998A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2013-07-16 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Fluorene derivatives and salts thereof |
| US9296738B2 (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2016-03-29 | Everdisplay Optronics (Shanghai) Limited | Organic electroluminescent material, the process for preparing the same and OLED device using the same |
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