CN1975374A - Double-ring infiltration instrument water supply flow regulating and controlling auxiliary device - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention disclosed a water flux control device which consists of gear pole, gliding tooth board, hand grip, gear, base, fixing column and fixing pole. Gear movement on the board could be controlled by the hand grip so that there is no need for manual work to supply water, even if the seep velocity was as high as 200 mm/min. It can be applied to various kinds of farmland and it is labor save. The structure was simple and cost was low.

Description

A kind of double-ring infiltration instrument water supply flow regulating and controlling auxiliary device

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, is a kind of double-ring infiltration instrument water supply flow regulating and controlling auxiliary device, is the improvement to existing experimental observation device.

Technical background

Infiltrating is an important component part of soil water cycle, is important function of soil.For subject and production divisions such as soil, geography, agricultural and water conservancies, the basic law that research water infiltrates in soil is an extremely important content.Need certain experimental provision for this reason and infiltrate observation.

Current field soil infiltrates observation, generally adopts the double-ring infiltration instrument method both at home and abroad.Double-ring infiltration instrument is the not only convenient but also comparatively economic instrument of measured soil infiltration rate, inside and outside becket by two different-diameters is formed, the soil certain depth of during observation two concentric rings together being hit the person supplies water to two rings then, and water surface elevation is consistent in two rings.Interior ring is measurement ring, according to output and time measuring and calculating soil infiltration speed.Outer shroud is a buffering ring, and its effect is that the water in the ring vertically infiltrates in guaranteeing.Initial this method is in raw mode on measurement means, by the degree of depth of water layer in the human eye observation inner and outer ring, take artificial recharge to control water depth.Required labor capacity is bigger, and measuring accuracy depends on observation personnel's proficient to a great extent.At these problems, people such as Wang Wenyan (1991) have formed accumulative total infiltration capacity measurement mechanism with Ma Liaote container (Ma Shi bottle) and dicyclo, and use till today.This device is by the inwardly uninterrupted water supply of ring of Ma Shi bottle, and the ring soil surface has the constant compression force water layer in guaranteeing, this has been avoided owing to manually add the error that water brings.

The water infiltration rate difference of different soils.For the little soil of infiltration rate, can keep the constant pressure water layer by the Ma Shi bottle separately.Yet the initial infiltration rate of observing black earth in experiment is bigger, have up to 40mm/min.The constant water layer of ring need manually carry out moisturizing in normal generation was difficult to keep by the independent water supply of Ma Shi bottle in observation process.This has not only increased the workload of observation, and has brought error to observation.At this kind situation, we improve the current experiments observation device.Specific practice is to have increased by a servicing unit in the device of Ma Shi bottle and dicyclo composition.Reach the purpose of saving labor capacity and improving accuracy of observation.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is exactly bigger at soil permeability speed, adopts double-ring infiltration instrument to be supplied water by the Ma Shi bottle separately and can not keep the defective of interior ring constant pressure water layer, has manufactured and designed the soil permeability water supply flow regulating and controlling auxiliary device.The key of apparatus of the present invention is to utilize jacking system to regulate the Ma Shi bottle highly to regulate the inwardly water supply flow of ring of Ma Shi bottle, to reach the constant water layer height of ring in the control.This device is formed first by following six parts: highly be the gear vertical rod 4 of 770mm, apart from rod end 40mm place the long one section ratch 1 of 140mm modulus 3.0 that is arranged; Second step divided: be provided with Φ 120mm handle 3 at the teeth place and link to each other with the handle gear 2 of Φ 30mm modulus 3.0 and the iron clamp 8 of Φ 110mm; The 3rd step divided: the jacking system bottom makes the gear vertical rod be connected with collet ring 10 by two bearings 5; The 4th part: gear vertical rod bottom is connected with Φ 150mm thickness 5mm bottom tray 6; The 5th part: the fixedly base angle 7 that length 23mm Φ 16mm is arranged under the bottom tray; The 6th part: be that the fixedly vertical rod 9 of 600mm Φ 8mm connects by length between iron clamp and the collet ring.

The Ma Shi bottle body 13 height 600mm internal diameter 100mm external diameter 110mm that in observation, use.At the body upper bottom surface No. nine plugs 12 are arranged, and insert the ventilation glass tube 11 of internal diameter 6.5mm external diameter 8mm therein.The 30mm place has plug 14 one No. six in body lateral distance bottom, and it is effluent pipe mouth that a steel pipe is arranged in the plug, and this mouth of pipe is with the rubber hose 15 of internal diameter 6mm outward.Effluent pipe mouth at the bottom of the effluent pipe mouth of dicyclo sidewall and Ma Shi bottle flexible pipe thus is connected, and has formed a ventilating water pipe.

Final goal of the present invention is to realize the infiltration rate of various different agricultural land soils is observed by jacking system, has especially improved the accuracy that the bigger soil permeability of infiltration rate is observed.By this servicing unit, the maximum water supply flow of Ma Shi bottle can be brought up to 630ml/min by 80ml/min, can satisfy the water requirements (see figure 1) of maximum infiltration rate 210mm/min, reach the mensuration requirement of all kinds of agricultural land soil infiltration rates.And do not adopt the Ma Shi bottle of this servicing unit, and can only satisfy the output that infiltration rate is 24.2mm/min, do not satisfy the water supply requirement (seeing Fig. 3, Fig. 4) measured of infiltration rate rate just such as black earth.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention, also is Figure of abstract.1 slip tooth plate among the figure: long 140mm, modulus 3.0; 2 gears: Φ 30mm, modulus 3.0; 3 turning handles: Φ 120mm; 4 gear vertical rods: long 770mm, Φ 16mm; 5 rotate the card wheel: bearing bore diameter 6mm, external diameter 13mm; 6 bottom trays: Φ 150mm, thickness 5mm; 7 fixing foundation: long 23mm, Φ 16mm; 8 iron clamps: Φ 11mm; 9 fixedly vertical rods: long Φ 8mm; 10 collet ring Φ 11mm.

Fig. 2 is a Ma Shi bottle structure synoptic diagram, 11 ventilation glass tubes among the figure: internal diameter 6.5mm, external diameter 8mm; 12 No. nine rubber plugs; 13 organic glass tubes: high 60mm, internal diameter 100mm, external diameter 110mm; 14 No. six plugs; 15 rubber hose internal diameter 6mm.

Fig. 3 is for promoting output (ml) curve map of jacking system unit's scale (cm) in the unit interval (min).

Fig. 4 is soil infiltration speed (mm/min) curve map.

Embodiment

Design and constantly perfect completing were done in May, 2006 to October and are used when field soil infiltrates observation when the present invention observed in field, Chinese black earth Helen Agro-ecology testing station.Observed result through 1 year shows that for the soil of initial infiltration rate less than 210mm/min, this device can access desirable observed result.

The enforcement of observation process: by fixing base angle 7 jacking system is fixed on the soil, shakes handle 3 the Ma Shi bottle is placed on the bottom tray.Thereby continuation is by the constant water layer desired height of ring in fixedly base angle 7 adjustment Ma Shi bottle height are adjusted.When the observation beginning, shake handle 3 rising Ma Shi bottles, the water speed of ring is with control constant water layer height in accelerating to flow into.Cross along with just oozing to steady infiltrate, soil infiltration speed descends, and required output reduces, and by turning handle, reduces Ma Shi bottle height, reduces the inwardly water supply speed of ring of Ma Shi bottle.When soil infiltration speed reached or is lower than 24.2mm/min, the Ma Shi bottle was returned to original position, realized inwardly encircling automatic water-supply by the Ma Shi bottle ring water layer constant height in the control.Avoided at the mensuration initial stage by jacking system, when infiltration rate is higher, needed the drawback of artificial recharge, increased accuracy of observation, reduced labor capacity.

Claims (1)

1. a double-ring infiltration instrument water supply flow regulating and controlling auxiliary device is characterized in that utilizing jacking system to regulate the Ma Shi bottle and highly regulates the inwardly water supply flow of ring of Ma Shi bottle, the constant water layer height of ring in the control; This device is made up of following six parts: first highly is the gear vertical rod (4) of 770mm, apart from rod end 40mm place the long one section ratch (1) of 140mm modulus 3.0 that is is arranged; Second step divided and to be provided with Φ 120mm handle (3) at the teeth place and link to each other with the handle gear (2) of Φ 30mm modulus 3.0 and the iron clamp (8) of Φ 110mm; The 3rd step divided lifting system bottom by two bearings (5) the gear vertical rod to be connected with collet ring (10); The 4th operative gear vertical rod bottom is connected with Φ 150mm thickness 5mm bottom tray (6); The fixedly base angle (7) that length 23mm Φ 16mm is arranged under the 5th part bottom tray; Be that the fixedly vertical rod (9) of 600mm Φ 8mm connects by length between the 6th part iron clamp and the collet ring.

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