CN1974752B - Integrally designed, double cavity marsh gas fermenting system - Google Patents

Integrally designed, double cavity marsh gas fermenting system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1974752B
CN1974752B CN2006101347452A CN200610134745A CN1974752B CN 1974752 B CN1974752 B CN 1974752B CN 2006101347452 A CN2006101347452 A CN 2006101347452A CN 200610134745 A CN200610134745 A CN 200610134745A CN 1974752 B CN1974752 B CN 1974752B
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biogas
fermentation
methane
natural pond
tank
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CN1974752A (en
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杨涛
王俊
吴珊
单明
赵奎华
于在海
姜义
李会
张宇
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LIAONING ACADEMY OF SAFETY SCIENCE
SHENYANG DESIGN INSTITUTE OF URBAN GAS
LIFE SCIENCE CENTER LIAONING PROV ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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LIAONING ACADEMY OF SAFETY SCIENCE
SHENYANG DESIGN INSTITUTE OF URBAN GAS
LIFE SCIENCE CENTER LIAONING PROV ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/34—Internal compartments or partitions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/36—Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/26—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of pH
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/28—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of redox potential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/30—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration
    • C12M41/34—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration of gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/48—Automatic or computerized control
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
    • C12M47/14—Drying
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Abstract

The integrated double cavity marsh gas fermenting system includes a material storing pond, a material chamber, a feeding pump, a material liquefying and acidifying fermentation cavity, a marsh gas fermentation cavity, a stirrer, an automatic alkali adding unit, a precipitating pond, a flocculating pond, a solar heat collector, a marsh gas desulfurizing tower, a water tank, a lifting methane storing tank, an on-line methane concentration detector, a pH detector, a water level detector, a temperature detector, a temperature controlling unit, a redox potential monitor, a PLC controller and other parts. It runs automatically and has no odor and harmful gas exhaust. It is used in producing marsh gas with human and animal excrement.

Description

Integrated design, dual cavity methane fermentation system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methane fermentation system, particularly relate to a kind of dual cavity methane fermentation system of integrated design.
Background technology
The energy is " blood " in the industrialization society process of economic development, does not have competent power supply, and social economy is difficult to whole sustainable development.21 century, the energy industry of China is faced with very stern challenge, and the total energy situation of China is rich coal oil starvation weak breath.China is energy expenditure big country, and the primary energy source consumption occupies the second place of the world.According to National Development and Reform Committee's energy analyses and prediction, the year two thousand twenty, the requirement of China's primary energy source will be a twice in 2000 between 25～3,300,000,000 tons of mark coals; The external interdependency of the year two thousand twenty China's oil will be above 55%, and the import of Sweet natural gas is interdependent to be about 25～40%.2000, according to there being department investigation to show that the rural energy total amount consumed reaches 3.7 hundred million tons of standard coals, wherein fuel wood accounted for 21.76%, and straw accounts for 33.41%, and coal accounts for 31.9%, and liquefied gas, biogas only account for 1.58%.Chinese rural will be burnt 1.45 hundred million tons of fuel woods every year, amounts to 1 not timber calculating by per 750 kilograms, consumes timber 1.88 billion cubic meters approximately.The fuel in China's rural areas utilization and the electrification of the countryside lag behind advanced country in the world greatly.Built since " vegetables-basket-works ", the livestock industry scale development is rapid, and large quantities of breeds factory has been set up in the various places, rural area, is cultured by the dispersion in original rural area to have become concentrated breed, has brought processing of feces of livestock and poultry discharging wastes and pollution problem therefrom.For example: the waste treatment rate of raising pigs is less than 20%, mostly just directly is discharged into peripheral farmland without harmless treatment.The non-industrial point-source pollution that large-scale intensification livestock and poultry cultivation causes is outstanding, and a large amount of feces of livestock and poultry is not handled well and utilized, and arbitrarily stacks, and causes water pollution, the air dirt.Livestock and poultry cultivation industry waste water COD (chemical oxygen demand) quantity discharged is near national trade effluent COD total emission volumn.Culturing had become the new heavy polluter of China already.
The scientific utilization movement, it is the important channel that promotes energy construction, utilize the anaerobism engineering, can decompose the carbohydrate in the ight soil, produce biogas, for people's lives provide the energy, the calorific value of biogas is higher, and the heat of every cubic metre of biogas generation is approximately 5000 kilocalories, is equivalent to 1 kilogram of raw coal, biogas belongs to clean energy, can pollute hardly environment.
In the existing biogas fermentation device, do not utilize the device of two stage fermentation technology, the efficient of general fermentation is very low, be difficult to realize the stable air feed that continues, utilize the device of two stage fermentation technology, there are complex structure, cost height, the more high shortcomings of maintenance cost, in the control of fermenting process, there are defective in the design in the control of the redox potential balance and stability of fermentation raw material.
Therefore, utilize the methane fermentation system of integrated design, dual cavity being very important at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methane fermentation system that utilizes the mass-producing of people, animal fowl movement, continuous integrated production; production process is finished in airtight fully device; do not have foul smell and discharge of harmful gases, the temperature of total system operational process, pH, circulation heating, circulation stirring etc. are controlled automatically by PLC (programmable controller) and are finished.Make it to realize innoxious, the biogas large-scale production of people livestock and poultry movement, improve rural environment, increase the purpose of biomass utilization.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Integrated design, the dual cavity methane fermentation system, this fermentation system includes: the material storage pool, the constant volume supplies room, charge pump, marsh-gas fermentation tank, material liquefaction and acidization fermentation chamber and biogas fermentation chamber, natural pond liquid internal recycle agitator, automatic adder-subtractor, natural pond liquid and slag discharge port, natural pond liquid, slag precipitation separation pond, natural pond liquid tropina flocculation basin, solar energy collector, the biogas air outlet, the biogas desulfurization tower, water storage tank, lift methane hold-up vessel, online methane concentration detector, biogas fermentation chamber pH proofing unit, biogas fermentation chamber condensate tank of dehumidifier, biogas liquefied, acidifying chambers and fermentation chamber temperature-detecting device, liquefaction, acidifying chambers internal recycle temperature regulating device, redox potential monitor in the methane-generating pit, the PLC control device; Marsh-gas fermentation tank is that semi-underground type is settled, and is divided into two different chambers of material liquefaction, acidifying chambers or transition chamber thereof and biogas fermentation in the fermentor tank, and material arrives this chamber roof and spills in the marsh gas fermentation pool automatically after finishing liquefaction, acidifying or equilibrium potential; Be provided with temperature regulating device, pH electrode monitoring device in the biogas fermentation chamber, adjusting pH is directly pumped into alkali lye in the biogas fermentation chamber by automatic adder-subtractor and finishes, natural pond liquid by being located at circulation port top upflow tube or the slag-drip opening row settling tank of bottom, the part that suspends enters in the liquid tropina flocculation basin of natural pond, add albumen flocculation agent precipitation tropina, the natural pond slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed can be processed organic granular fertilizer or be used to produce the raw material of edible mushrooms; The biogas that fermentor tank produces enters methane desulfurizer and dewatering unit through the biogas air outlet, enters in the gas-holder again, and the methane concentration in the gas-holder carries out online detection by the methane concentration detector, is transported in the user family by transport pipe.
Described integrated design, dual cavity methane fermentation system, its fermentation material is finished pumping into of material by charge pump, and presses the difference of entry time, is the stratification state of time sequence in material liquefaction, acidization fermentation chamber; The startup of biogas fermentation begins by add the biogas bacteria suspension in poor liquid, and stirs by natural pond liquid internal recycle agitator, to accelerate the speed that biogas produces.
Described integrated design, dual cavity methane fermentation system, after its natural pond liquid, natural pond slag are discharged by upflow tube or discharge port, be pooled in natural pond liquid, the slag precipitation separation pond, with natural pond liquid separate with the natural pond slag, natural pond liquid is discharged in the liquid tropina flocculation basin of natural pond again, add the albumen flocculation agent and make tropina be precipitated as fodder additives.
It is to be main energy supply mode by solar energy collector that described integrated design, dual cavity methane fermentation system, the temperature of its fermentation system keep, and settles the natural thermal insulation and the tank wall that form to add the thermal insulation layer insulation by the semi-underground type of fermentor tank.
Described integrated design, dual cavity methane fermentation system, its biogas fermentation chamber pH proofing unit and alkali replenishment system are used, and the pH value that makes it to regulate all the time in the marsh gas fermentation pool is the neutral condition of alkali partially; Biogas liquefied, acidifying chambers and fermentation chamber temperature-detecting device cooperate with heat collector, provide hot water with recycle pump, keep Heating Zone Temperature about 40 ℃; Liquefaction, acidifying chambers internal recycle temperature regulating device cooperate with cold water or heat collector, and control biogas fermentation room temp is the bacterial classification optimal temperature; The temperature control interlocking equipment of whole fermentation system, pH regulator equipment are controlled automatically by the PLC of system control device and are finished.
Described integrated design, dual cavity methane fermentation system, its purification system that produces biogas is made up of biogas desulfurization tower, online methane concentration detector and water storage tank, methane gas behind the purifying is kept in the lift methane hold-up vessel, carry out in the biogas in the biogas production process biogas detoxification and gas and use the adjusting of peak valley phase, make it to reach or the standard of the Sweet natural gas that is near the mark.
Described integrated design, dual cavity methane fermentation system, it satisfies the fermentation condition of particular type bacterial classification for from material liquefaction, acidifying, detect or regulate to the needed temperature of reaction of biogas production process, pH value, redox potential value significant data.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are:
1. can be specifically designed to the organic materials of handling high TS% (dry substance concentration);
2. when utilizing undecomposed high TS% material, using special-purpose slush pump to pump into methane fermentation system is to carry out acidization in liquefaction, the acidifying chambers, and the material that enters liquefaction, acidifying chambers is by the time AUTOMATIC ZONING that pumps into;
3. through 8～16 days, the material that pumps into was earlier finished the material top that is newly pumped into after the acidization and is overflow in the biogas fermentation chamber, is utilized by the biogas fermentation bacterium to be converted into biogas, and whole process of production is finished the CO that discharges in the material acidization in airtight fully device 2, H 2, NH 3Deng can being utilized by the biogas fermentation bacterium, desulfurizing device is removed the H in the biogas 2S is so whole process is without any foul smell and discharge of harmful gases;
4. in the winter time, inoculation low-temperature adaptation type biogas bacterium can be adjusted at system temperature 15～20 ℃ lower level in the biogas fermentation chamber, reduces the difficulty of northern area biogas production in winter, to produce in the smooth realization anniversary;
5. the temperature of total system operational process, pH, circulation heating, circulation stirring etc. are controlled automatically by PLC.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical tangent plane synoptic diagram of system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that tank body of the present invention is overlooked the tangent plane synoptic diagram.
The part that 7,16,17,18,19,20,21,22 its PLC of numeral that the PLC square frame is drawn outward among the figure can control simultaneously, above-mentioned numeral is if repeat mark is then represented the position of this equipment in the drawings.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention is a kind of people, animal fowl movement mass-producing continuous production methane fermentation system that utilizes; be a dual cavity, utilize sun power to carry out boosting for main energy sources; material liquefaction, acidifying time course are finished the innoxious process of material simultaneously; and the liquefaction of material, acidization are separated with the methane gas producing process, make marsh gas fermentation processes be continued efficiently to carry out after startup.This fermentation system mainly comprises: material storage pool 1; Constant volume supplies room 2; Charge pump 3; Material liquefaction, acidization fermentation chamber 4; Biogas fermentation chamber 5; Natural pond liquid internal recycle agitator 6; Automatic adder-subtractor 7; Natural pond liquid, slag discharge port 8; Natural pond liquid, slag precipitation separation pond 9; Natural pond liquid tropina flocculation basin 10; Solar energy collector 11; Biogas air outlet 12; Biogas desulfurization tower 13; Water storage tank 14; Lift methane hold-up vessel 15; Online methane concentration detector 16; Biogas fermentation chamber pH proofing unit 17; Biogas fermentation chamber condensate tank of dehumidifier 18; Biogas liquefied, acidifying chambers and fermentation chamber temperature-detecting device 19; Liquefaction, acidifying chambers internal recycle temperature regulating device 20; Redox potential monitor 21 in the methane-generating pit; System PLC control device 22.Marsh-gas fermentation tank is the arrangement of semi-underground type, both can realize the constant relatively of jar interior temperature, and can reduce the needed power consumption of charging again, side by side the lower section closely contacts with soil, reduced tank body because of keeping the intensity of certain internal pressure material requested, economical with materials expense.Be divided into material liquefaction, acidifying chambers (utilizing the raw material that decomposes without crossing) or two different chambers of transition chamber thereof (raw material that utilizes acidifying to finish) and biogas fermentation in the fermentor tank, this structure both had been fit to more stiff material, also be fit to the material that rarer acidifying finishes, daily handling ability according to fermentor tank, the volume of design liquefaction, acidifying chamber (transition chamber thereof), material is finished and is arrived the top of this chamber after liquefaction, acidifying or the equilibrium potential process and spill in the marsh gas fermentation pool automatically in setting-up time.The biogas fermentation cavity temperature is monitored by the temperature check device, is controlled by biogas fermentation chamber internal recycle temperature regulating device, and it is stabilized in the suitable temperature range.PH value in the biogas fermentation chamber is by the pH electrode monitoring, and adjusting pH is directly pumped into alkali lye in the biogas fermentation chamber by automatic adder-subtractor and finishes.Natural pond liquid by being located at circulation port top upflow tube or the slag-drip opening row settling tank of bottom, the part that suspends enters in the liquid tropina flocculation basin of natural pond, adds albumen flocculation agent precipitation tropina, fully utilizes.The natural pond slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed can be produced the raw material of edible mushrooms through being processed into high-grade organic granular fertilizer or conduct.The biogas that fermentor tank produces enters methane desulfurizer and dewatering unit through the biogas air outlet, enters in the gas-holder.Methane concentration in the gas-holder carries out online detection by the methane concentration detector, is transported in the user family by transport pipe.Because marsh-gas fermentation tank adopts the arrangement of semi-underground type, can reduce the needed power of charging, finish pumping into of material by special-purpose charge pump 3, and press the difference of entry time, in material liquefaction, acidization fermentation chamber 4, be the layer distributed state of time sequence.According to the daily handling ability of fermentor tank, the volume of design liquefaction, acidifying chamber in setting-up time, is finished liquefaction, acidization and is reached the top of liquefaction, acidifying chambers, spills into automatically in the biogas fermentation chamber 5.The startup of biogas fermentation begins by add the biogas bacteria suspension in rare brewer's grains liquid, and stirs by natural pond liquid internal recycle agitator 6, accelerates the speed that biogas produces.It is to be main energy supply mode by solar energy collector 11 that the temperature of fermentation system keeps, and settles the natural thermal insulation and the tank wall that form to add the heat insulation effect that thermal insulation layer is realized winter by the semi-underground type of fermentor tank.Wherein the design of solar energy collector and semi-underground type setting can reduce energy expenditure, reduces running cost.PH value in the biogas fermentation chamber is by 17 monitorings of biogas fermentation chamber pH proofing unit, and replenishes alkali lye by automatic adder-subtractor 7 and adjust, and the stable of pH environment can guarantee the stable of biogas fermentation chamber internal reaction environment.Natural pond liquid, natural pond slag are pooled in natural pond liquid, the slag precipitation separation pond 9 after being discharged by upflow tube or discharge port.With natural pond liquid separate with the natural pond slag, natural pond liquid is discharged in the natural pond liquid tropina flocculation basin 10 again, adds the albumen flocculation agent and makes the tropina precipitation, becomes good feed additives.
The purification system that produces biogas is made up of biogas desulfurization tower 13, online methane concentration detector 16 and water storage tank 14, biogas after the processing is kept in the lift methane hold-up vessel 15, realizes biogas detoxification and the adjusting of gas use peak valley phase in the biogas in the biogas production process.For detect also from material liquefaction, acidization to significant datas such as the needed temperature of reaction of processes such as biogas generation, pH value, redox potential values (or) adjusting, thereby satisfy the top condition of the strain fermentation of particular type, realize the gas producing efficiency maximization.Biogas fermentation chamber pH proofing unit 17 is used with the alkali replenishment system, and the pH value of regulating all the time in the marsh gas fermentation pool is the neutral condition of alkali partially; Biogas liquefied, acidifying chambers and fermentation chamber temperature-detecting device 19 cooperate with heat collector, utilize recycle pump that hot water is provided, and keep Heating Zone Temperature about 40 ℃; Biogas liquefied, acidifying chambers and fermentation chamber temperature-detecting device 19 cooperate with cold water or heat collector, and control biogas fermentation room temp is for bacterial classification provides optimal temperature; Redox potential detector 21 can be realized instant observation in the methane-generating pit, detects the reaction conditions in the marsh gas fermentation pool.The temperature control interlocking equipment of whole fermentation system, pH regulator equipment are controlled automatically by the PLC of system control device 22.
The present invention is furnished with semi-underground type shaped shaft coordinated operation, and material liquefaction, acidifying and biogas generation two are gone on foot the large-scale vertical fermentor tank that carries out.Have around the preparation of fermentor tank: material storage and constant volume system, material liquefaction, acidifying fermentation system, methane fermentation system, natural pond liquid internal recycle stirring system, pH, redox potential monitoring and add the alkali system in the fermenting process.Also have natural pond slag, natural pond liquid to separate and natural pond liquid tropina flocculation system; The solar energy heating heating system; Biogas storage and methane concentration detection system; Biogas fermentation chamber water level and temperature controlling system; Multiple interlock complementation and process combination such as PLC Controlling System.
The characteristics of system architecture combination of the present invention are:
This system is provided with a vertical big tank, it by cover surplus ten mutually the process system of interlock form. These systems can satisfy the demand of the technologies such as people, fowl poultry excreta anaerobic hydrolysis, anaerobic acidification, anaerobism inoculation, anaerobic degradation, anaerobic gas generation, biogas storage, marsh gas purifying, system's insulation, the processing of liquid natural pond, natural pond slag, methane gas storage, methane gas air feed, can realize biogas fermentation scale, commercially produce. The top of system engineering is solar energy heating and heating system, and preparation has solar heat-collection plate and heat-insulation system, heat pipe etc. Biogas fermentation chamber pH checkout gear, biogas fermentation cavity temperature checkout gear have also been prepared in the top of system engineering, the outtake tube of adder-subtractor, the interior oxidation-reduction potential monitor of methane-generating pit and inner circulating aerating device etc. The left part of system engineering is material liquefaction, acidification chamber, and its top is provided with discharging opening and directly links to each other with the biogas fermentation chamber, and the outside is with Level monitor, and its volume is that the daily handling ability according to fermentation tank designs, and the bottom is charging aperture. The right part of system engineering is the biogas fermentation chamber, and its bottom is inclined design, is beneficial to and automatically emits natural pond liquid, natural pond slag. The middle part of system engineering is recirculation unit in the liquid of natural pond, comprises frequency-variable controller, circulating pump, circulation pipe, the overflow mouth of pipe, fermentation chamber condensate tank of dehumidifier etc. The bottom of system engineering is material locker room and material constant volume chamber, comprises the instruments such as quantifying feed pump and PLC switch board etc. The bottom of vertical shaft type fermentation tank is semi-underground type, heat-insulation layer is arranged around the underground tank body, so both can realize the relative constant temperature of temperature in the tank, can reduce again the needed power consumption of charging, the simultaneously solar energy heating on top is designed to fermentation tank, and energy is provided also is consideration for energy-conserving and environment-protective, be conducive to like this reduce cost, better realize commercialization, industrialization target.
The process characteristic of system of the present invention is:
The beer tank liquor of high dilution and the low temperature adaptive type biogas fermentation bacterium of my laboratory enrichment culture are used in the startup of fermentation tank, this biogas fermentation bacterium can start fermentation about 8 ℃, in the time of 20 ℃, start very rapid, so not only the fermentation tank toggle speed can be improved, and the required heat energy of operation of fermentation tank can be saved. In marsh gas fermentation processes, liquefaction, souring stage and biogas generation stage are separated, and have improved the stability of reaction system oxidation-reduction potential, improve the efficient of fermentation system. This design has changed biogas fermentation material limit decomposition under the nature, and the limit produces biogas, and it is insufficient to exist material to decompose, and each reactions steps checks and balance. Macromolecular substances decomposes completely substantially behind souring stage, directly be fed in the biogas fermentation chamber, not only aerogenesis rapidly, concentrate, and the neutral meta-alkali environment that it needs is easy to control, after realizing pumping into quantitative liquefaction material every day, reaches the effect of continuous gas generation. The bright excrement of more than 40 hundred million tons of people livestock and poultry of China's annual output will use a large amount of human and material resources, financial resources in processing, purification, blowdown at present, and the large-sized biogas fermentation tank is that these pollutants are turned waste into wealth, alleviate energy resource supply contradiction, realize simultaneously the recycling economic model of herding, the ecological agriculture, energy development; Being the agroindustry energy technology that state key development, market press for, is the ideal equipment that drives biogas engineering scale, industrialized development.

Claims (7)

1. integrated design, the dual cavity methane fermentation system is characterized in that this fermentation system includes: the material storage pool, the constant volume supplies room, charge pump, marsh-gas fermentation tank, material liquefaction and acidization fermentation chamber and biogas fermentation chamber, natural pond liquid internal recycle agitator, automatic adder-subtractor, natural pond liquid and slag discharge port, natural pond liquid, slag precipitation separation pond, natural pond liquid tropina flocculation basin, solar energy collector, the biogas air outlet, the biogas desulfurization tower, water storage tank, lift methane hold-up vessel, online methane concentration detector, biogas fermentation chamber pH proofing unit, biogas fermentation chamber condensate tank of dehumidifier, biogas liquefied, acidifying chambers and fermentation chamber temperature-detecting device, liquefaction, acidifying chambers internal recycle temperature regulating device, redox potential monitor in the methane-generating pit, the PLC control device; Marsh-gas fermentation tank is that semi-underground type is settled, and is divided into two different chambers of material liquefaction, acidifying chambers or transition chamber thereof and biogas fermentation in the fermentor tank, and material arrives this chamber roof and spills in the marsh gas fermentation pool automatically after finishing liquefaction, acidifying or equilibrium potential; Be provided with temperature regulating device, pH electrode monitoring device in the biogas fermentation chamber, adjusting pH is directly pumped into alkali lye in the biogas fermentation chamber by automatic adder-subtractor and finishes, natural pond liquid by being located at circulation port top upflow tube or the slag-drip opening row settling tank of bottom, the part that suspends enters in the liquid tropina flocculation basin of natural pond, add albumen flocculation agent precipitation tropina, the natural pond slag that becomes thoroughly decomposed can be processed organic granular fertilizer or be used to produce the raw material of edible mushrooms; The biogas that fermentor tank produces enters methane desulfurizer and dewatering unit through the biogas air outlet, enters in the gas-holder again, and the methane concentration in the gas-holder carries out online detection by the methane concentration detector, is transported in the user family by transport pipe.
2. integrated design according to claim 1, dual cavity methane fermentation system, the material that it is characterized in that fermenting is finished pumping into of material by charge pump (3), and, in material liquefaction, acidization fermentation chamber (4), be the stratification state of time sequence by the difference of entry time; The startup of biogas fermentation begins by add the biogas bacteria suspension in poor liquid, and stirs by natural pond liquid internal recycle agitator (6), to accelerate the speed that biogas produces.
3. integrated design according to claim 1, dual cavity methane fermentation system, after it is characterized in that natural pond liquid, natural pond slag are discharged by upflow tube or discharge port, be pooled in natural pond liquid, the slag precipitation separation pond (9), with natural pond liquid separate with the natural pond slag, natural pond liquid is discharged in the natural pond liquid tropina flocculation basin (10) again, add the albumen flocculation agent and make tropina be precipitated as fodder additives.
4. integrated design according to claim 1, dual cavity methane fermentation system, it is be main energy supply mode by solar energy collector (11) that the temperature that it is characterized in that fermentation system keeps, and settles the natural thermal insulation that forms and tank wall to add thermal insulation layer by the semi-underground type of fermentor tank to be incubated.
5. integrated design according to claim 1, dual cavity methane fermentation system is characterized in that biogas fermentation chamber pH proofing unit (17) and alkali replenishment system are used, and the pH value that makes it to regulate all the time in the marsh gas fermentation pool is the neutral condition of alkali partially; Biogas liquefied, acidifying chambers and fermentation chamber temperature-detecting device (19) cooperate with heat collector, provide hot water with recycle pump, keep Heating Zone Temperature at 40 ℃; Liquefaction, acidifying chambers internal recycle temperature regulating device (20) cooperate with cold water or heat collector, and control biogas fermentation room temp is the bacterial classification optimal temperature; The temperature control interlocking equipment of whole fermentation system, pH regulator equipment are controlled automatically by the PLC of system control device (22) and are finished.
6. integrated design according to claim 1, dual cavity methane fermentation system, it is characterized in that the purification system that produces biogas is made up of biogas desulfurization tower (13), online methane concentration detector (16) and water storage tank (14), methane gas behind the purifying is kept in the lift methane hold-up vessel (15), carry out in the biogas in the biogas production process biogas detoxification and gas and use the adjusting of peak valley phase, make it to reach or the standard of the Sweet natural gas that is near the mark.
7. integrated design according to claim 1, dual cavity methane fermentation system, it is characterized in that satisfying the fermentation condition of particular type bacterial classification for from material liquefaction, acidifying, detect or regulate to the needed temperature of reaction of biogas production process, pH value, redox potential value significant data.
CN2006101347452A 2006-12-13 2006-12-13 Integrally designed, double cavity marsh gas fermenting system Expired - Fee Related CN1974752B (en)

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CN106701561B (en) * 2017-01-11 2023-08-01 山西省农业科学院现代农业研究中心 Laboratory anaerobic generator and anaerobic fermentation system comprising same
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