CN1972892A - Process for increasing throughput of corn for oil extraction - Google Patents

Abstract

Corn oil is extracted from corn to form a corn meal. Processing the corn grain to obtain the oil, meal, and other product streams generally includes dividing the corn kernel by fractionating to create a higher oil fraction and a lower oil fraction, forming a solvent extractable structure from the higher oil fraction, and extracting the oil from the higher oil fraction. The extracted corn oil is useful for making nutritionally enhanced edible oil or cooking oil, lubricants, biodiesel, fuel, cosmetics and oil-based or oil-containing chemical products. The extracted corn meal is useful for making enhanced animal feed rations, snack food, blended food products, cosmetics, and fermentation broth additive. The lower oil fraction is useful for one or more processes such as fermentation, wet-milling, animal feed production, sweetener production, and starch production, making enhanced animal feed rations, snack food, blended food products, and cosmetics.

Description

Improve the method for throughput of corn for oil extraction

The cross reference of related application

The application requires the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/564 that April 21 in 2004, order was submitted to, the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/628 that on November 15th, 202 and 2004 submitted to, and 069 rights and interests are incorporated them into this paper as a reference here.

Background of invention

The present invention relates to increase the method for output of the Semen Maydis oil of extraction.

Corn, Zea mays (Zea mays), owing to many reasons, comprise its in food and industrial application purposes and cultivated.Semen Maydis oil and Semen Maydis powder are two kinds that derive from many useful products of corn.Commercial merchant utilizes the ordinary method processing plant that extracts Semen Maydis oil from the corn of routine, corn seed is separated into its integral part, for example endosperm (endosperm), plumule (germ), bud hat (tip cap) and pericarp (pericarp) extract Semen Maydis oil subsequently from the maize germ fraction.The maize germ of being produced by wet-milling or dry grinding can be by the squeezing plumule to remove oil, perhaps by plumule being rolled embryo, pre-pressing and processing with solvent extraction oil.In above-mentioned all these methods,, so lack multiple or whole valuable components of endosperm fraction in the oil from the rest part of grain because plumule is to separate.

Compare with the traditional wet-milling or the dry grinding of isolating maize germ, other method comprises complete corn grain, causes the increase from oil in the component of endosperm.U.S. Patent No. 6,313,328 and 6,388,110 have described a kind of commercial-scale method is used for processing the whole kernel corn grain that has at least about total oil-contg of 8 weight %, and this method comprises the step of corn grain being rolled embryo and extracting Semen Maydis oil from the corn grain that rolls embryo.This method can be achieved by the method and apparatus processing corn grain that use is generally used for soybean processing and other similar oleaginous seed kind.U.S. Patent No. 6,610,867 have described a kind of Semen Maydis oil that extracts to form the method for Semen Maydis powder.This method comprises that substantially with the total oil content amount be the whole kernel corn fragmentations of about 3 weight % to about 30 weight %, and extracts the step of Semen Maydis oil from the corn grain of fragmentation.Corn is without rolling embryo.U.S. Patent No. 6,648,930 disclose the Semen Maydis oil that contains the extraction that obtains from complete high oil corn and the product of Semen Maydis powder.U.S. Patent Publication No.2002/0151733A1 discloses by being about 3 weight % with the total oil content amount and has rolled embryo to the complete corn grain of about 6 weight %, and extracts the method that Semen Maydis oil and Semen Maydis powder were made and processed to Semen Maydis oil from roll embryo corn grain.

Summary of the invention

The present invention includes the method for the complete corn grain of a kind of separation high oil corn (high oil corn), it comprises having about 8 weight % to the water content ranges of about 22 weight % and have endosperm fraction and the complete corn grain of the high oil corn of germ fraction, be classified as high oily fraction and low oily fraction, wherein, high oily fraction has the oil-contg higher than corn grain (oil concentration), and low oily fraction has the oil-contg lower than corn grain.In one embodiment, classification comprises makes complete corn grain contact with grinding to sieve, to separate at least a portion germ fraction of corn grain from least a portion rest part of corn grain.In one embodiment, classification comprises makes complete corn grain by Buhler L machine, other method that Satake removes the wheat bran machine or described corn grain is contacted with equipment, thus from least a portion corn grain rest part, remove at least a portion germ fraction of corn grain.In one embodiment, this method further comprises and will hang down the relatively large and smaller piece (larger and smaller peices) that oily fraction is separated into low oily fraction, and will hang down the relatively large low oily fraction of the high oily fraction in the second stage (second stage) and the second stage that is classified into of oily fraction.Randomly, with high oily fraction in the second stage and high oily fraction combination.Randomly, with low oily fraction in the second stage and low oily fraction combination.

Another embodiment of the present invention comprises the broken corn piece that corn grain is broken at least two kinds of different sizes, and then with the corn classification of fragmentation.In one embodiment, fragmentation comprise the endosperm fraction with corn material cut into be mainly on the size about 2540 microns to about 4270 microns fragment, and produce on the size and be mainly greater than about 4750 microns germ fraction.In another embodiment, broken step comprises the ripple cylinder stone roller powder machine (corrugated roller mill) that uses.

In one embodiment, mainly comprise undersized broken corn piece through the first size of the corn piece of fragmentation, described undersized broken corn piece contains the broken corn piece less than about 10 weight %.In one embodiment, on the undersized broken corn piece size less than about 1080 microns.In one embodiment, second size of broken corn piece comprises middle-sized of broken corn, and it comprises the broken corn piece of about 70 weight %.In one embodiment, the broken corn piece of second size is about 2540 to 4270 microns dimensionally.In one embodiment, the 3rd size of broken corn piece comprises the bulk of broken corn, and described broken corn contains the broken corn piece of the 20 weight % that have an appointment.In one embodiment, on the broken corn piece size of the 3rd size substantially greater than about 4750 microns.In one embodiment, the broken corn piece of the 3rd size comprises the germ fraction of about 30 weight % to about 40 weight %.In another embodiment, produce the broken corn piece of at least three sizes, and large-sized broken corn piece contains the 11 weight % that have an appointment to the oil of about 22 weight %, and little and middle-sized broken corn piece contains the oil that the 4.5 weight % that have an appointment arrive about 8 weight %.In another embodiment, large-sized broken corn piece contains the oil of the 16 weight % that have an appointment.

In a selectable embodiment, the broken corn piece of a part is become at least two kinds of fractions according to its apart.Suitable isolation technique comprises size separation (size separation) or gravity separation (gravitysepartation).A kind of size separation technology comprises screening.

In one embodiment, this method comprises that the undersized block-grading with the broken corn material of a part becomes high oily fraction and low oily fraction, the oily fraction of wherein said height has than undersized of broken corn material bigger oleaginousness, and described low oily fraction has the oleaginousness littler than the small size piece of broken corn material.In one embodiment, the undersized broken corn piece of a part is aspirated (aspirate) to remove wheat bran (bran).In one embodiment, the large-sized broken corn piece of a part is rolled embryo (flake) or grind.

In further embodiment, at a certain temperature the high oily fraction of corn grain, broken corn piece and/or broken corn piece is nursed one's health (temper) time enough, thereby improve the germ fraction and the differential hardness between the rest part (differential hardness) of corn grain.In one embodiment, corn grain or broken corn piece are nursed one's health to about 1% extra water content (additional moisture), about 2% extra water content, or the maximum value of about 3% extra water content.In one embodiment, conditioning comprises heats corn material directly or indirectly, and comes to increase water content for corn material by injection water, aqueous solution and/or boiling water steam (sparging steam).

In selectable embodiment of the present invention, from the high oily fraction of a part, combination corn material, through rolling embryo and broken corn or through grinding and broken corn, from comprising first composition material that a part grinds broken corn and the high oily fraction of a part, from comprising second composition material of a part of first composition material and the corn material of a part through rolling embryo, extract oil from the 3rd composition material of the corn that comprises the fragmentation of a part through rolling embryo and the high oily fraction of a part is with the Semen Maydis oil that produce to extract and the Semen Maydis powder of extraction.It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that also can be with other corn material, or other oil-containing corn material adds in product that the present invention produces and the oil that extracts.

In one embodiment, make the corn of the high oily fraction of a part, composition material or ground fragmentation or first composition material form the structure that useable solvents is extracted.The method that is used to form the structure that useable solvents extracts comprises extruding (extruding), expands (expanding), in squeezing (expelling), pelleting (pelleting) or the enzyme processing (enzymatic treatment) one or more.Solvent extraction be a kind of from the structure that a part of useable solvents is extracted extract oil with the method for the Semen Maydis powder of producing the Semen Maydis oil that extracts and extraction.The useful solvent that is used for solvent extraction comprises, for example hydrocarbon polymer (hydrocarbons), alkanol (alkanols), contain the aqueous solution of alkanol and supercritical co.The example of these solvents includes but not limited to C ₂-C ₈Hydrocarbon polymer, C ₁-C ₄Alkanol comprises methyl alcohol, ethanol and Virahol.Can use the mixture of solvent.Hexane (hexanes) is preferred solvent.In one embodiment, solvent comprises the carbonic acid gas from fermenting process.

In one embodiment, remove the solvent (desolventize) of the Semen Maydis oil of a part of Semen Maydis powder that extracts or extraction.

Complete high oil corn grain contains at least about 3.5 weight %, at least about 4 weight %, at least about 4.5%, at least about 5%, at least about 5.5%, at least about 6%, at least about 6.5%, at least about 7%, at least about 7.5%, at least about 8%, at least about 8.5%, at least about 9%, at least about 9.5%, at least about 10%, at least about 10.5%, at least about 11%, at least about 11.5%, at least about 12%, at least about 12.5%, at least about 13%, at least about 13.5%, at least about 14%, at least about 14.5%, at least about 15%, at least about 15.5%, at least about 16%, at least about 16.5%, at least about 17%, at least about 17.5%, at least about 18%, at least about 18.5%, at least about 19%, at least about 19.5%, at least about 20%, at least about 20.5%, at least about 21%, at least about 21.5%, oil to about 22 weight % based on dry-matter (on a dry matter basis).In one embodiment, corn grain contains the oil based on dry-matter at least about 3.5 weight %.

In one embodiment, low oily fraction comprises the oil based on dry-matter less than about 3 weight %.The scope of water content is about 8% to 18% in the complete corn grain of high oil corn.

The present invention further comprises the raw material of the low oily fraction of a use part as fermentation, corn wet milling, food, pet food or other technology.In another embodiment, the present invention further comprises the raw material of the powder of the extraction of using a part to remove solvent as fermentation, corn wet milling, food, pet food or other technology.

In one embodiment, the present invention includes the raw material of the high oily fraction of a use part as fermentation, food, pet food or other technology.In an optional embodiment, the present invention includes and use a part of wheat bran of removing as the raw material that extracts, in another embodiment, the present invention includes and from the wheat bran raw material, extract a part of plant sterol (phytosterol).

In another embodiment of the present invention, by replacing yellow #2 corn to improve the quality of feed ball (feed pellet) with reinforcement powder of the present invention (Enhanced Meal).In one embodiment, replace yellow #2 corn to provide when the feed abrasive dust energy of minimizing to use with the reinforcement powder.

Another aspect of the present invention has provided the method that embryo device (degerminator) is separated into whole kernel corn high oily fraction that spends that makes, described method provides a kind of high oily fraction, the oily fraction plumule of wherein said height be complete less than 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%.The representational embryo device that goes comprises Buhler-L equipment (Buhler GmbH, Germany), Satake VCW removes wheat bran machine (Satake USA, the Houston, the Texas) or miscellaneous equipment, the corn material that wherein enters and grinding plant for example screen cloth contact, to remove the shell (hull) and the germ fraction of corn material from a part of rest part (endosperm fraction) of corn material.By the machine that utilizes abrasive power, for example mentioned in this article those, the low oily fraction that obtains produces low oily fraction and the high oily fraction that can be used as fermentation raw material and/or can be introduced into the streams of corn wet milling technology.When low oily fraction and/or high oily fraction are used as fermentation raw material or when being introduced into the streams of corn wet milling technology, parent material can be the whole kernel corn of any kind of, comprises the recessed grain of yellow #2 (dent), and high oil corn.

The present invention relates to be derived from the oil that from corn, extracts according to method of the present invention and the product of powder, purposes with described product, it includes but not limited to, the Semen Maydis oil that extracts by any method of the present invention, the Semen Maydis powder (no matter whether removing solvent) that extracts by any method of the present invention, the animal-feed that contains described powder, the low oily fraction of producing by any method of the present invention, comprises the animal-feed of described low oily fraction and comprises the Semen Maydis powder of described extraction and hang down the animal-feed of the combination of oily fraction.In addition, the present invention relates to the purposes of described product, comprise that described product is in food and the purposes in the other products of the more abundant description of this paper.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of an embodiment of secondary stage division of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the front view (front elevationalview) with stage equipment of hexagon (six-sided) screen cloth.

Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of the Polygons screen cloth of stage equipment.

Fig. 5,5A and 5B are the schematic flow sheets that can select embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the schematic flow sheet that can select embodiment of the present invention.

The specific descriptions of invention

On botany, iblet is for thinking caryopsis (caryopsis), the berry of (one-seeded) a kind of drying, one-seeded, nut sample, and its mesocarp and seed merge to form single grain. Ripe kind grain is comprised of four major parts: pericarp (pericarp) (shell or wheat bran), plumule (germ) (embryo (embryo)), endosperm (endosperm) and bud hat (tip cap).

Scultellum (scutellum) and plumular axis (embryonic axis) are two key components of plumule. Scultellum consisted of about 90% plumule and stored the nutrients of employing between the budding period. Between the budding period, plumular axis grows up to seedling (seedling). Plumule is characterised in that the fatty oil content that it is high. It also is rich in thick protein, carbohydrate and ash component. Scultellum contains parenchymal tissue (parenchyma) cell that is rich in oil, the pitted cell membrane of described parenchyma cell tool.

Endosperm comprises starch, and protein is then than low in plumule and the wheat bran. Its crude fat and ash composition are also low. The corn endosperm comprises some valuable components for example carotenoid, lutein (lutein) and luteole (zeaxanthin). Carotenoid in the grain is divided into two kinds of conventional group-carrotene and lutein (xanthophylls). Carrotene is that the precursor of vitamin A is very important because of it. Blessin etc. (Cereal Chemistry, 40,582,586 (1963)) find to be arranged in above 90% carrotene (it is mainly beta carotene) endosperm of yellow depression corn, and are positioned at plumule less than 5%. Vitamin A mainly is to be derived from beta carotene. Another that find in the endosperm organized valuable component and comprised tocotrienols (tocotrienol). Grams etc. (1970) find that tocotrienols only is found in the endosperm, then comprises most tocopherols (tocopherol) in the plumule in corn. Can utilize various solvents from the plant material, to extract tocotrienols. The method that reclaims tocotrienols from the plant material, is described in 940 in U.S. Patent No. 5,908 by Lane etc., and its whole disclosures are all incorporated this paper into as a reference. Therefore, method described herein provides to have and has been rich in lutein, luteole and/or beta carotene and chooses any one kind of them or the corn oil of the fortification of multiple other nutrition composition. Compare with using the similar products of making by the corn oil of produced in conventional processes, oil base (oil-based) product of making by the corn oil of method acquisition of the present invention of using described herein can comprise higher levels of important nutrients. The corn oil that obtains by extracting method described herein had both comprised the corn oil from the plumule component, also comprised the corn oil from the endosperm component, can also comprise one or more other components of extracting from the other parts of grain. Described one or more other components can be oil, tocotrienols, tocopherol, carotenoid, carrotene, the lutein from endosperm, and sterol. Tocopherol (vitamin E) and vitamin A are antioxidant and liposoluble vitamin. When containing them in the meals, all demonstrate health advantages. For reaching the proper level of beta carotene, vitamin E and tocotrienols, with oil of the present invention and other oil or material mixing, also be considered within the scope of the present invention. In some embodiments, as described herein and the corn oil of extraction of preparation comprises about 0.1 % by weight to the tocopherol of about 0.5 % by weight. Compare with the thick corn oil of producing in a conventional manner, the oil of producing according to the present invention also can comprise the increase of about 200% to 300% tocotrienols content. Use method of the present invention, prepare described corn, extract corn oil, and analyze tocotrienols content. The actual minimum of tocotrienols content and maximum will depend on employed specific high oil corn.

Blessin (it is complete openly incorporates this paper into as a reference for Cereal Chemistry, 39,236-242 (1962)) describes the extraction of carrotene and lutein and other pigment in detail. Can use the combination of solvent (mainly being ethanol and hexane) to come from corn, to extract carrotene and lutein. Ethanol, hexane, other solvent combination, and its ratio can be used for producing oil of the present invention with commercial size.

The representative embodiment of the thick oil that obtains according to extracting method described herein usually has the part composition of listing in the table 1 and distributes.

Table 1

Component	The high oil corn of representational extraction	The high oil corn (scope) that extracts
			FFA (%) C16:0 C18:0 C18:1, cis C18:1, trans C18:2, cis C18:2, trans C18:3	1.45  11.4  2.1  33  50  0.8	0.7-3.00  10-14  1.5-3.5  26-50  42-60  0.6-1.6
Phosphorus (ppm)	190	100-400
			Total tocopherol (%)	0.13	0.1-.50

Common aliphatic acid generally includes palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid plus linolenic acid in corn oil.

Iblet is coated by fluid-tight epidermis (cuticle). Pericarp is ripe ovary wall, and it is positioned under the epidermis, and comprises all outside cellular layers that lead to the seed crust. It is rich in SNSP, for example cellulose, pentosan (pentosan) and hemicellulose. Because its fiber content is high, so pericarp is very hard. Bud hat (position that the maize seed grain is connected with corn ear) is the continuity of pericarp, usually just manifests when peeling (shelling). It comprises loose spongiform parenchymal tissue.

The present invention can use whole kernel corn seed or the grain of gathering in the crops from any dissimilar corn plant. The type of these corn plants is, for example the specific population of crossbred, selfs, genetically modified plants, genetically modified plant or plant. Useful corn grain type comprises, for example flint corn (flint corn), popcorn (popcorn), flour corn (flour corn), dent corn (dent corn), white maize and corn. Term used herein " whole grain " or " complete corn " refer to and are not separated into its each constituent, for example the kind grain that also on purpose is not separated from each other of shell, endosperm, bud hat, pericarp and plumule. A kind of corn component and other component autotelic separate be not included in storage, process, transport, pulverize, be pressed into thin slice, fragmentation, grind or process of lapping in contingently separate at random. The autotelic separation of described part be with a kind of component for example plumule at least 50%, from residual component, separate. Term as used herein " corn material " refers to the complete corn no matter whether processing or nursed one's health, through the corn of fragmentation, through the corn of screening, with through the corn of suction.

The corn grain that is used for processing method of the present invention has at least about 3.5 % by weight to the oil content at least about the dry base of 22 % by weight. The total oil content amount that is applicable to corn grain of the present invention can be, for example have at least about 3.5 % by weight, at least about 5 % by weight, at least about 6 % by weight, at least about 7 % by weight, at least about 8 % by weight, at least about 9 % by weight, at least about 11 % by weight, at least about 12 % by weight, at least about 15 % by weight, at least about 18 % by weight, at least about 20 % by weight, at least about 22 % by weight, from at least about 3.5 % by weight to about 22 % by weight, from about 10 % by weight to about 22 % by weight, or from about 14 % by weight to about 22 % by weight, and the grain of the oil content of the value within these scopes.

Although can measure oil content under any water content, acceptable is oil content to be normalized to about 15.5% water content.

Preferably, employed corn grain is high oil corn in the method for the present invention. As used herein statement " high oil corn " refer to comprise at least about 6 % by weight or more, preferably at least about 7 % by weight or more, preferably at least about the corn grain of 8 % by weight or more oil. Compare with traditional yellow dent corn, the profit that high oil corn has raising is flat, and it has about 3 % by weight to the oily content of about 5 % by weight. The high oil corn that is used for liquefaction described herein and powder process can be from Pfister Hybrid Corn Co. (El Paso IL), Wyffels Hybrids Inc. (Geneseo IL), Galilee Seeds Research ﹠ Development (Rosh Pina, Israel), or DuPont Specialty Grains (Johnston IA) obtain. Other suitable high oil corn comprises the corn population that is called the high oil in Illinois (IHO) and the high oil in Alexandria (Alexo), its sample can from or by Illinois university maize genetic cooperative preservation center (University of Illinois Maize Genetics Cooperation Stock Center) (Urbana IL) acquisition. The method that exploitation produces corn selfs, crossbred, transformed variety and the population of corn plant is known and is described in Lambert (Specialty Corn, CRC publishing company, Boca Raton, the Florida, the open No.2003/0182697 of pp.123-145 (1994) and United States Patent (USP), it incorporates this paper into as a reference, and described corn plant produces the grain of the oil content with raising.

Identify the corn grain of the total oil content amount with raising by well known to a person skilled in the art in many methods any. The oil content of grain, the fat content that comprises the powder that from grain, extracts, can utilize U.S.'s grease and Chemical Society's official method (American Oil and Chemical Society Official Method), the 5th edition, in March, 1998, (" AOCS method Ba 3-38 ") measured. The material that AOCS method Ba 3-38 is quantitative extracts by benzinum under test condition. Oil content or concentration are that oil phase is for the percentage by weight of seed sample gross weight. Can be on the basis of any required water content normalization and report described oily content. The method of the evaluation high oil corn grain that other is suitable comprises the corncob (corn ear) of the iblet of the oily content that uses the oily detector of near-infrared (NIR) to select to have raising. Equally, the NIR detector also can be used for selecting the iblet of the independent corn oil level with raising. Yet, when determining to be suitable for using the high oil corn grain of methods described herein processing, select the corncob of the independent oily content with raising and/or iblet may not save cost. Usually, the corn plant that utilizes known agricultural methods plantation and results to produce the corn seed, described corn plant produces the grain of the total oily content with raising.

Usually, the commercial corn grain that uses among the present invention arrives in the scope of about 60 % by weight about 46 by the hardness range that the Quaker hardness test records; But also can use the not corn grain in this scope of hardness. Preferred grain hardness is 55 % by weight. The change of grain hardness can cause and obtains the preferably variation of result's operating condition. For example, grain is harder, and the temperature that is used for conditioning grain is just higher. Harder grain is given broken and sieving technology provides better charging. Yet softer grain has improved the treating capacity characteristic in grading plant.

With reference to figure 1, in an embodiment of technique of the present invention, the complete iblet (1) that passes into is transported in the grading plant (2), suitable classifying equipoment comprises Buhler-L equipment (Buhler GmbH, Germany), Satake VCW peeling machine (Satake USA, the Houston, TX), or other device, wherein with the corn material that passes into and grinding equipment for example screen cloth (screen) contact crust and plumule component with removal corn material from a part of remainder (endosperm component) of corn material. " plumule component " as used herein refers to the fraction that comprises maize germ, maize germ, the component of plumule or a part of corn material of oil body (oil body). By squeezing kind of the grain that pushes away and rub with screen cloth, from iblet, remove some plumule component and crusts. The plumule component of removing and wheat bran are by screen cloth and form high oily fraction (" HOF ") (3). The material that stays on the screen cloth (endosperm component) is low oily fraction (" LOF ") (4), but can comprise a part of plumule component. HOF has the oil content higher than iblet, and LOF has the oil content lower than iblet. " endosperm component " as used herein refers to a part of corn material of the component (starch outside the plumule and protein) that contains endosperm or endosperm. HOF is basically less than the size of US# 18 mesh screens, and described screen cloth has such as the perforate of the 1.00mm that defines in the ASTME-11 specification (opening). Can strengthen the separation of HOF by the negative pressure on the outside dust cage (outer screen cage) of keeping Buhler L machine.

Embodiment preferred comprises one second classification step.With reference to figure 2, the complete corn grain (1) that feeds is transported in the sorting equipment (2).The LOF that obtains (4) utilizes vibratory screening apparatus and shaking apparatus (44), for example by Rotex (Rotex, Inc., Cincinati, OH, #201GP type) or Buhler " MPADPansifter ") device made sieves.Preferred 6000 microns screen clothes.Then the particle (45) of size A5-30 or bigger LOF is transferred in the second stage sorting equipment (47), in one embodiment, described second sorting equipment is the replica of first sorting equipment.Can be with second stage LOF logistics (48) that obtains and the LOF (51) that forms combination less than LOF sieving granular stream (46) combination of size A5-30.Similarly, second stage HOF logistics (49) and HOF logistics (3) can be merged the HOF (50) that forms combination.

Hereinafter, unless full and clear in addition, all use second stage classification step, can come all or part of replacement HOF (3) by the HOF (50) or the second stage HOF stream (49) of combination.Can nurse one's health (condition) HOF (3).About 6% the time when the oil residues horizontal exceeding of HOF, can use conditioning.Can use the those ordinarily skilled in the art known method to nurse one's health HOF (5).Term as used herein " conditioning " refers to a kind of method, heats corn material to improve the plasticity of dilator (expandette) before expanding by this method." dilator " as used herein is by making HOF (3) or producing through decompressor through the HOF (6) of conditioning.Dilator is also referred to as " HOF of expansible, moulding " at this." plasticity " as used herein refers to the combination of the character of dilator: the degree that it structurally combines how, comprise a small amount of fine powder (fines), have high-caliber structural integrity, have high porousness (good draining power), between oil and starch, have a low complexing action." fine powder " as used herein refers to the particle by the US#18 mesh screen, and described mesh screen has as the 1.00mm perforate defined in the ASTME-11 specification sheets.The amount of fine powder can be measured by screening (sifting).The amount of fine powder should be less than about 20 weight % and preferably less than about 10 weight %.Porousness, complexing degree and extractibility can be as " Laboratory and Pilot Solvent Extraction of Extruded High-OilCorn " such as Aguilera, JAOCS, and 63 (2): 239-243 measures described in (1986).Can measure the integrity of structure by the test in Model 2 Crown pilot scale extractors (pilot extracter).Acceptable result is that recirculation pump does not stop up, and draining is acceptable for the operating equipment of work, and in the powder residual oil less than about 2.0 weight %.The oil residues level is less than about 1.5 weight % in the preferred powder.Water content produces best dilator quality about 10% to about 14%.

Conditioning can comprise admixture materials flow in corn (saturated and/or superheated) and/or water.The refining temperature scope is between about 25 ℃ to about 95 ℃, and water content can be brought up to about 10% extra water content.Preferred use does not need the corn material nursed one's health.A kind of operable conditioner is Buhler clarifixator (Model DPSD, a Buhler Gmbh Germany).With HOF (3) or be transported in the decompressor (7) and/or in the pellet press (8) through the HOF (6) of conditioning.Make through expansible and/or through the HOF (9) of pelleting process and extract (10) to reclaim the oil (11) that extracts and the powder (14) of extraction.Compare pelleting, preferably HOF is expanded, because ball is by extracting unlike dilator with HOF.

Useful expander (7) is to be furnished with the Buhler Condex expander DEFA-220 (Buhler Gmbh, Germany) of 30 slit 8mm die heads (30 slot 8mm die head) to form the expansible HOF (9) of moulding.The expansible HOF (9) of moulding is cut into required length by decompressor.Logistics is sprayed in the charging basket of expander into giving corn material plasticity, thereby produce the expansible HOF (9) of moulding.Can use other expander.Those skilled in the art know the operational condition of adjusting expander in order to provide required plasticity to dilator.The structure of using expander or pellet press to extract with useable solvents provides HOF and does not need employing to roll embryo.

Can from HOF (9), extract Semen Maydis oil (11) by the one or more extraction steps that use any extracting method.Usually, basically, or approximately all oil extract in single leaching process.At least extract about 5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55,60,65,70,75,80,85,90, or 95% oil.Useful extracting method comprises solvent extraction, solvent extraction continuously, hydraulic pressure extruding, presser extruding, water and/or enzyme extraction.The useful solvent that is used for solvent extraction comprises, for example, and hydrocarbon polymer, alkanol, the aqueous solution that contains alkanol and supercritical co.The example of these solvents includes, but are not limited to C ₂-C ₈Hydrocarbon polymer, C ₁-C ₄Alkanol, comprise methyl alcohol, ethanol and Virahol.Can use the mixture of solvent.Hexane is a kind of preferred solvent.For example, can use hexyl solvent extraction device to extract Semen Maydis oil from HOF (9).The solvent extraction device can comprise diafiltration (percolation) and flood the extractor of (immersion) two types.In a preferred embodiment, successive solvent extraction process allows HOF (9) to keep contacting at least 10 minutes with solvent, or at least 30 minutes or at least 45 minutes.HOF and solvent are few more duration of contact, and leaching process is economical more.Be used for from oilseed for example soybean and the rape (canola) equipment of extract oil can be used for preparing the Semen Maydis oil of extraction as herein described and the Semen Maydis powder of extraction.

The material of removing from the extractor based on solvent comprises the Semen Maydis powder (14) of extraction and the Semen Maydis oil (11) of the extraction that exists with oil-water mixture (miscella) form.Oil-water mixture is to comprise the oil of extraction and the mixture of solvent.The Semen Maydis powder that is extracted comprises the some or all of materials that are dissolved in solvent and is extracted material retained afterwards.The Semen Maydis powder (14) that extracts also comprises some solvents.Use for example climbing-film evaporation (risingfilm evaporation) or drying, and the device that uses flash drum (flash tank) for example and/or the device that desolvates (de-solventizer)/baking oven (toaster) (12,15) improves method of temperature reclaim solvent from the Semen Maydis powder of oil-water mixture and extraction.For example, under barometric point, under high pressure or under vacuum to the Semen Maydis powder that extracts or oil-water mixture applies heat so that solvent evaporation.The solvent that is evaporated condensation in independent recovery system then (condense), and randomly dewater and be recovered in the extractor.Selectively, using under alkanol or the situation of its solution as extraction agent, separating oil can be finished by add water in described oil-water mixture from oil-water mixture.Described interpolation causes oil-water mixture to be divided into two-phase.First is the oil phase that only comprises a spot of alkanol mutually, and described alkanol can be removed by distillation.Another is the aqueous solution of alkanol mutually, and if desired, it can be concentrated again.In the factory that comprises the alcohol production operation,, concentrate again and can make up with separating alcohol from fermented liquid if ethanol is used as oily extraction agent.

The oil-water mixture (13) of having removed solvent is commonly called thick oil (crude oil), and it can be stored and/or further process.Can be with thick olein refining to produce final oil production.The thick oil of refining is known with the method that obtains final oil to those ordinarily skilled in the art.Hui (1996) provide oil and oilseed comprehensively discuss (Bailey ' s Instustrial Oil And Fat Products, 5 ^ThEd., Vol.2, Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1996).Hui is at chapter 3 (125-158 page or leaf), and its disclosed content is incorporated this paper into as a reference at this, has specifically described Semen Maydis oil composition and working method.It is high-quality using the isolating thick oil of method as herein described, but can use the traditional oils method of refining to be further purified when needing.Refining can comprise with oil bleaching (bleaching) and/or deodorizing (deodorizing) or with oil and mix the sufficiently long time with caustic liquor forming mixture, and this mixture is centrifugal with separating oil.

LOF, it comprises endosperm fraction, compares with yellow #2 corn grain, be the higher streams of starch content.This streams can be used for the many application in food, chemical and the industrial goods industry.Because its high-content of starch of comparing with yellow #2 corn and lower oil and fibre content, this streams is many fermenting processs, includes but not limited to the ideal feed source of ethanol and production of butanol.Other purposes comprise use it as raw material to produce carboxylic acid, amino acid, protein and plastics and makeup and food applications.

Hereinafter, unless it will be understood by those skilled in the art that full and clearly in addition, when using described second stage classification step, can replace LOF (4) whole or in part with the LOF (51) or the second stage LOF logistics (48) that make up respectively.

In one embodiment, HOF (3) and other butyraceous corn material are made up to be extracted (for example maize germ) and to form the structure that useable solvents is extracted before extracting.In one embodiment, with expansible HOF (9) as the raw material that is used for extracting be in other oil-containing corn material combination of the structure that useable solvents extracts.

In one embodiment, use LOF (4) as fermentation, corn wet milling, pet food, animal-feed, food applications, and/or the raw material of other technology.In another embodiment, with LOF and powder (16) combination through extracting, remove solvent, and as fermentation, corn wet milling, pet food, animal-feed, food applications, and/or the raw material of other technology.In one aspect of the invention, the powder (16) through extracting, remove solvent can be used as fermentation, corn wet milling, pet food, animal-feed, food applications, and/or the raw material of other technology.

The proximate analysis of representational LOF (only comprising (4)) sample provides as follows:

Run1 Run2 Ave DB CV

Ash content %	0.62	0.62	0.62	0.75	0.0％
						Water content %	17.71	17.70	17.71	0.00	0.0％
Fat %	1.34	1.42	1.38	1.68	4.1％
						Protein %	6.31	6.27	6.29	7.64	0.4％
Acid detergent fiber " ADF " %	2.20	2.10	2.15	2.61	3.3％
						Neutral detergent fiber " NDF " %	5.60	5.20	5.40	6.56	5.2％
Starch %	68.42	68.79	68.61	83.36

The DB=butt

Fig. 3 is the longitudinal sectional view of sorting equipment (2) shown in Figure 1.In one embodiment, by cylindrical feed-pipe (204) corn material (for example corn grain) (202) is transported in the motion device, described feed-pipe moves to corn material in the have rotating screw bolt horizontal pipe of (rotating screw) (206) by pipeline.Described rotating screw bolt has around the longitudinal rod of its length and spiral flight (spiral flight) (208) rotation (its cross section be found in Fig. 4 308), into has in the flat polygonal right cylinder pulverizer (212) thereby corn material transported.Air (201) promotes to enter in the horizontal circle cylinder pulverizer.By flight corn material is advanced in the pipeline, and and forms the flat Polygons screen cloth friction on the limit of right cylinder pulverizer (212).The grinding of corn material and described screen cloth makes that HOF (3) is removed, described HOF passes through screen cloth, and at pipeline (conduit) (216) discharge pulverizer, in the described pipeline in the outlet of pulverizer, this place flexiblely is provided with the pressing plate (not shown), for example has spring, to cover the outlet of pulverizer, and partly control the pressure that is applied on the corn material, described corn material is pushed to the slit (referring to 307 among Fig. 4) of pulverizer.LOF (4) rests in the right cylinder pulverizer (212), then is sent to outlet (214) by screw rod.

Fig. 4 has shown the viewgraph of cross-section with the right cylinder pulverizer (212) of screen cloth surrounding edge.Polygons right cylinder pulverizer (300) has flat limit (302), and it is a screen cloth.Rotation or rotary drum (306) are around axle (304) rotation.Clamp (nip) (308) is at the screen cloth internal rotation, and makes corn material and screen cloth friction to remove HOF (3).

In one embodiment, the screen cloth on the Polygons limit of formation cylinder has rectangular opening or the slit (307) (facing circular port) that is of a size of wide 1 to 3mm length 20 to 25mm.Along with corn material is promoted by cylindrical pulverizer inner cylindrical rotor (306), corn material is pushed out from the inside of the right cylinder pulverizer (212) on Polygons limit.Pulverizer moves to outlet from the import of pulverizer and does not have the diameter that reduces.Right cylinder pulverizer (212) with slit (307) is a fixed, corn material is then flatly promoted along the length direction of cylinder, by the effect of cylindrical rotator of rotation, by the longitudinal axes of cylinder Polygons limit out to cylindrical that crack or fluting.The preferred Buhler-L equipment with six flat Polygons limits of band rectangular slot and cylindrical rotator that uses is finished classification.Referring to for example WO 04/041434.

Fig. 5 has described a kind of alternate embodiment of the present invention.Before corn grain (1) is transported in the disintegrating apparatus (18) entering sorting equipment (2).Can pass through between two band ripple dental rollers by making corn grain, the gap that described cylinder each interval is set rotates relatively, and/or by a masher, the band tooth disk that rotates in the described masher comes the broken corn grain rotating at a distance of the distance that can nurse one's health with fixed disc.The method of broken corn or high oily seed is at Waston, S.A. and P.E.Ramstad, ed. (1987, Corn:Chemistry and Technology, Chapter 11, American Association ofCereal Chemist, Inc., St.Paul, MN) the middle description, its disclosure is incorporated herein by reference herein in full." fragmentation " corn is the corn through above-mentioned shattering process.

Preferred disintegrating apparatus is that (IA), described cylinder per inch in the V-arrangement design of round bottom portion has six teeth to Roskamp series 900 crusher rolls with corrugated cylinder for Roskamp, Waterloo.Also can include but not limited to Dawson cutting machine with other cutting machine (cut) through repacking, or the LePage cutting machine.The cylinder gap of cylinder can be nursed one's health based on the characteristic that enters cereal.

Corn grain is fractured into the broken corn piece of at least two kinds of sizes.The broken corn piece that three kinds of sizes preferably, are arranged: the broken corn piece (19A) of large-sized broken corn piece (19), middle size and undersized broken corn piece (20).Preferably, undersized broken corn piece comprises the broken corn piece less than about 10 weight %.Undersized broken corn piece size is less than about 1080 microns.Preferably, the broken corn piece (19A) of middle size comprises the corn of the fragmentation of about 70 weight %.Preferably, the broken corn piece of middle size mainly comprises the endosperm component." mainly " as used herein refers to about 90% or more.Preferably, the corn piece of middle size is of a size of about 2540 microns to about 4270 microns.Large-sized broken corn piece comprises the corn of the fragmentation of about 20 weight %.Preferably, large-sized broken corn piece (19) comprises the germ fraction of about 30 weight % to 40 weight %.Preferably, the size of large-sized broken corn piece is approximately than US#4 mesh screen bigger (4750 microns).

In one embodiment, with being fed in the sorting equipment (2) of large-sized, middle size, and rest part carried out above-mentioned associating Fig. 1,3 and 4 process with undersized broken corn piece.

In above-mentioned any embodiment, and shown in Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B, before fragmentation or classification step, randomly corn grain or broken corn piece are nursed one's health.Conditioning is meant direct or indirect heating corn material and/or increases the water content of corn material.Conditioning is a kind of moisture that uniform distribution increases in corn material and/or the means of heat.Conditioning has increased the maximum value of about extra water content of 1%, 2% or 3% to corn material.Nurse one's health with the differential hardness between the resistates that increases germ fraction and corn material.Preferred Opsonizing method is the indirect heating corn.

The known Opsonizing method of any this area be can accept, injection water or boiling water steam included but not limited to.Preferred Opsonizing method is to use and piles up pulp digester (stacked cooker) or rotary evaporation tubular heater (rotary steamed tube heater).Selectively, can use the steam jacket mixing tank.Usually, in suitable quantity of water, corn is nursed one's health the time of random length, for example at least about 15 seconds, 30 seconds, 45 seconds, 1 minute, with about 15 seconds increasing degree up at least 30 minutes approximately.If use conditioning, preferred conditioning time is about 2 minutes.

Fig. 6 has shown a selectable embodiment of the present invention.Corn grain (1) is transported in the disintegrating apparatus into as indicated above (18).After fragmentation,, the broken corn piece (19A) and the undersized broken corn piece (20) of large-sized broken corn piece (19) and middle size are separated by for example screening (24).Can be used for a kind of screen cloth of the present invention and be having the Rotex screen cloth that 4 sieve meshes grind rank (mesh mill grade), 5.46mm aperture (Rotex company, Cincinnati, OH, Model#201GP).Other separation method includes but not limited to that other method of known apart of those skilled in the art or gravity separation method for example, but is not limited to, suction and cyclonic separation (cyclonic separation).

By screen cloth (24), middle size and large-sized broken corn piece (25) have been kept.The middle size that keeps and large-sized broken corn piece are ground in pulverizer (21) or in flaker (29), roll embryo.A kind of useful masher (27) be Fitzmill pulverizer (comminutor) that 1/4 inch screen cloth is installed (Fitzpatrick company, Elmhurst, IL).Can be from French Oil MillMachinery Company, Pique, OH; Roskamp Champion, Waterloo, IA; Buhler AG, Germany; Bauermeister, Inc., Memphis TN; Consolidated Process MachineryRoskamp Company, on the World Wide Web Http:// www.cpmroskamp.comWith Crown IronWorks, Minneapolis, MN obtains useful commercial-scale oilseed flaker (29).

For high oil corn, preferably, large-sized broken corn piece (19) comprises the oil of about 11 weight % to about 22 weight %.For high oil corn, preferred middle size and undersized broken corn piece (19A, 20) comprise the oil of about 4.5 weight % to about 8 weight %.

In pulverizer,, the corn (28) of ground fragmentation added be fed in the streams of decompressor (7) or pellet press (8) by after being ground.After rolling embryo, the corn (30) that will roll the fragmentation of embryo adds from decompressor (7) or in the streams of coming out in the pellet press (8).

Randomly, can aspirate (31) undersized broken corn piece (27) to remove fine powder (wheat bran) (32) through sieving.In one embodiment, wheat bran is joined in the charging of extractor.In one embodiment, wheat bran and other corn fractions are separated independent extraction.In one embodiment, with wheat bran as the component of extracting one or more wheat brans raw material of plant sterol for example.In one embodiment, wheat bran is used as fermentation raw material.In yet another embodiment, wheat bran is used for the ox feed.In selectable embodiment, after classification step, just carry out the suction of wheat bran.In this embodiment, suction HOF (3) is to remove wheat bran.

In any one suction embodiment, produce independent wheat bran (fiber) logistics.Compare with yellow #2 corn, this logistics contains high-caliber pericarp carbohydrate.The sugar related with fiber or pericarp is pentose normally, and it is 5 carbon sugar, for example pectinose and wood sugar.These carbohydrate have many purposes on food, industrial chemical and fuel market.Because this logistics contains these crucial carbohydrates of high density, so this logistics can be used as raw material, to separate interested carbohydrate sugar.In addition, this logistics can be fed directly into the ethanol fermentation process, produce ethanol to utilize carbohydrate.Wheat bran (fiber) logistics also comprises for example plant sterol of valuable component.

The HOF that does not contain wheat bran is the high oily fraction that does not contain (or containing a small amount of) fibered stream.Compare with yellow #2 corn grain, described logistics comprises the oil and the protein content of raising, and is potential industrial application raw material, and has unique food uses.Because its high protein level, this logistics is that a kind of good raw material sources are used for water, aqueous solution, salt, pH, film and/or ethanol protein extraction.This can produce the protein concentrate that is used for food and technical chemistry industry.In addition, this logistics can also be by for example neutraceuticals and carotenoid are further handled water and ultrasonic wave with solvent extraction and/or for albumen, amino acid, oil or new compound.According to representational embodiment, ethanol and ethanolic soln are suitable extraction agents.According to embodiment preferred, ethanol produces by fermentation kind of a grain part.The component of extracting can be from extracting, for example by separating in the extract that forms in the solvent distillation.Distillation combination in the alcohol production part of described distillation and factory.The HOF that has wheat bran can be as the animal-feed source or as foodstuff additive.

The undersized broken corn piece (26) of screening and/or the undersized broken corn piece (33) of screening and suction are fed in the sorting equipment (2), and described sorting equipment is separated into broken high oily fraction (higher oil cracked fraction) (35) and broken low oily fraction (34) with them.In one embodiment, the low oily fraction of fragmentation is used as the raw material of fermentation, corn wet milling, pet food, animal-feed, food applications and/or other technology.In one embodiment, with the low oily fraction of fragmentation and Semen Maydis powder (16) combination of extraction.This combination can be used as the raw material of fermentation, corn wet milling, pet food, animal-feed, food applications and/or other technology.

Randomly the broken high oily fraction (35) of conditioning (5) is sent in expander (7) or the pellet press (8) then.Then individually from the high oily fraction (39) of expansible fragmentation, or extract (10) oil in the corn (28) together with the corn (30) of the fragmentation of rolling embryo and/or ground fragmentation.

What keeps afterwards at the corn (28) that extracts expansible HOF (9), the HOF (39) of expansible fragmentation, the corn (30) that rolls the fragmentation of embryo and ground fragmentation is the Semen Maydis powder that extracts, and it is the logistics that a kind of protein is higher than yellow #2 corn.Because this logistics comprises considerably less oil, thereby can be used for producing protein concentrate and protein isolate by ethanol and/or water extraction process.The other purposes of this logistics comprises from the relevant protein production of logistics therewith and is used for amino acid or the isolating plastics precursor of new compound and other purposes as herein described.

The proximate analysis of the representational HOF sample that extracts from high oil corn provides as follows:

Run1 Run2 Ave CV

Ash content %	2.66	2.68	2.67	0.5％
					Water content %	8.71	8.66	8.69	0.4％
Fat %	2.18	2.23	2.21	1.6％
					Protein %	11.35	11.29	11.32	0.4％
ADF％	4.30	4.50	4.40	3.2％
					NDF％	14.60	14.90	14.75	1.4％

In one embodiment, one or more in the high oily fraction (39) of the high oily fraction (35) of HOF (3), expansible HOF (9), fragmentation, the fragmentation of expansion/pelleting, own (as such), or after extracting, as fermentation raw material.

U.S. Patent No. 6,313,328 have described and have been enough to every day from least about the commercial-scale method and apparatus that extracts Semen Maydis oil 1 ton of corn.In some embodiments, the turnout scope of commercial size operation be approximately every day 100 tons of corns to 3000 tons of corns every day approximately, or the turnout scope be every day about 700 tons of corns to about 1700 tons of corns every day.The commercial-scale operation that handle greater than about 3000 tons of corns every day also is enough.In contrast, method of the present invention allows 10,000 tons of processing as many as every days.

The Semen Maydis oil that the present invention extracts and/or the Semen Maydis powder and/or the LOF of extraction can make up with various other components.The concrete composition that is included in the product will decide according to the end-use of described product.Representational product comprises animal-feed, is used for the starting material of chemically modified, biodegradable plastic, mixed food product, edible oil, cooking oil, lubricant, biofuel, snack food prod, makeup and fermenting process raw material.The product that mixes powder described herein also comprises pig complete or that part is complete, bird and ox feed, but the snack food prod that pet food and human food prods for example push, bread, as food adhesive, aquatic feeds fermenting mixture, dietary supplement ingredient, sports beverages, nutritive food rod, vitamin complex supplement, limit the beverage (diet drink) of diet and cereal foods.

When preparing according to oil-based products of the present invention, described product can comprise conventional Semen Maydis oil, soybean oil, Canola Oil (canola oil), sweet oil, plam oil, sunflower seed oil, safflower oil, antioxidant, seasonings (flavoring), winterized stearin, partial hydrogenation oil, and/or animal tallow.Mix by Semen Maydis oil and one or more other oil, make the mixing oil product this paper.Product based on Semen Maydis oil also can comprise following material: foodstuff additive for example, salt, fat, food color, β-Hu Luobusu, aronotta (bixin) extract (annatto extract), turmeric (curcumin) or turmeric (tumeric), β-apo-8 '-carotenal and methyl thereof and ethyl ester, natural or synthetic seasonings, antioxidant, Tenox PG (propyl gallate), Butylated Hydroxytoluene (butylated hydroxytoluene), BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole), natural or synthetic tocopherol, Quicifal, Tyox B (dilauryl thiodiproprionate), antioxidant synergistic agent (antioxidantsynergist), citric acid, Trisodium Citrate, the citric acid isopropyl ester, phosphoric acid, citric acid monoglyceride (monoglyceride citrate), defoamer, dimethyl polysiloxane, crystallization inhibitor, hydroxyl tristearin (oxystearin), amino acid, VITAMIN, mineral substance, carbohydrate, sugar, herbal medicine, spices (spices), acidity regulator, solidifying agent, zymin, the flour treatment agent, viscosity control agent, enzyme, lipid, and/or plant or animal proteinum.In addition, these edible products can available proteic protein supplements strengthens or enrichment (enrich) with containing.A kind of representational foodstuff products for example breakfast cereals can comprise following composition: powder for example of the present invention, wheat and oat flour, sugar, salt, starch syrup (corn syrup), ground corn, exsiccant fruit, vitamins C, vitamin B group, folic acid, fermentation soda (baking soda) and seasonings.Other other representative oil-based products that can comprise the oil of this paper preparation comprises food oil (foodoil), cooking oil (cooking oil), edible oil (edible oil) and mixing oil (blended oil).

Can be with thick oil partially or completely hydrogenation fully according to the methods described herein preparation.Partially or completely the appropriate method of winterized stearin is described among the Practical Handbook of Soybean ProcessingUtilization (1995, AOAS Press) at D.R.Erickson, and its whole disclosures are incorporated this paper into as a reference.

The Semen Maydis oil that extracts can be used as the raw material of chemically modified, the component of bio-degradable plastics, component, edible oil or oily component, lubricant or its component, biofuel or its component, the component of snack food prod, the fermenting process raw material of the cooking of blended food products, or the component of makeup.When preparing mixing oil with the oil that extracts, can before the leaching process, among or mix afterwards.

The Semen Maydis oil of available extraction of the present invention produces thing diesel oil next life.Biofuel is the common name that is used for (ester-based) oxygenated fuel (oxygenated fuel) of multiple ester group.The biofuel of making is the mixture by the fatty acid methyl ester of generation that refined vegetable oil is methylated at present.Compare with thick oil or useless frying oil (spentfryer oil), purified oil is preferred, mainly is because the quality of glycerine byproduct.The main drawback of aforesaid biofuel product and relevant vegetable oil lubricating agent is a lower temperature profile and to oxidation and polymeric reactivity.Preferred biofuel product comprises low cloud point (cloud point), the stearic acid that reduces and content of polyunsaturated fatty acid and high oleic acid content.(pour point) is relevant with cold property for pour point, and influenced by the saturated fatty acid content in the oil.Polyunsaturated fatty acid is more responsive for oxidation and polyreaction.

Compare with soybean, the Semen Maydis oil (" ECO ") of the extraction of producing by method of the present invention demonstrates the cloud point performance of raising, shows similar chemical stability simultaneously.

The Semen Maydis oil of the extraction of producing by the present invention can be further processed to form lubricant, for example by recently in industrial employed disclosed method (referring to for example U.S. Patent No. 6,174,501).

One aspect of the present invention provides the nutrition animal-feed of the LOF that the Semen Maydis powder that contains extraction and/or the present invention produce.Animal-feed can comprise other nutritional prod, for example VITAMIN, mineral substance, the powder, meat and the bone meal that obtain from the oily seed of height, salt, amino acid, feather meal, fat, oil seed powder, cereal (corn) are (corn), byproduct (wheat-milled by-product), barley, cassava, corn gluten meal (corn gluten meal), corn gluten feed, bakery byproduct, whole fat rice wheat bran, rice husk and many other of Chinese sorghum, wheat byproduct, shredded wheat be used for the feed supplement of this area.Animal feedstuff compositions processing can be used for that specific end use for example is used for bird feed, the bird feed of laying eggs, pig feed, ox feed, horse feed, aquatic feeds, pet food, and can be further processed into growth of animal stage feed.The specific embodiments of animal-feed comprises growth chicken feed, the concentrated feed of pig and the bird concentrated feed of laying eggs.The Semen Maydis powder of available extraction prepares feeds product, and the Semen Maydis powder of described extraction is compared with the analogous products with conventional corn preparation, has higher protein relative percentage and lower oil phase to per-cent.

Another aspect of the present invention provides the product based on Semen Maydis oil, and it comprises the Semen Maydis oil that obtains by some endosperm fraction at least of extracting high oil corn and some germ fraction.Described product based on Semen Maydis oil can comprise other component for example vinegar, spices, VITAMIN, salt, hydrogen (in order to form the hydrogenant product) and water.Compare with the analogous products of the Semen Maydis oil preparation of extracting from conventional corn in order to ordinary method, employed Semen Maydis oil comprises β-Hu Luobusu, the xenthophylls of higher proportion usually in the product of the present invention, or tocotrienols.This Semen Maydis oil from method of the present invention is normally by all extracting endosperm fraction and germ fraction to produce.Thereby, will be extracted in the Semen Maydis oil that from endosperm and germ fraction, has extracted by the nutrition that the useable solvents that endosperm fraction provides is extracted.Can comprise by the product of this oil preparation, but be not limited to (spray-coated) food or feeds product, bread, biscuit, snack food prod, lubricant and the fuel of salad dressing (salad dressing), culinary art oil, oleomargarine (margarine), spraying.

Another aspect of the present invention provides and used Semen Maydis powder that extracts and/or the method for hanging down oily fraction in animal feed ingredient (ration), and it comprises the steps: 1) Semen Maydis powder of the extraction for preparing by the present invention is provided and/or hangs down oily fraction; With 2) Semen Maydis powder and/or the low oily fraction of extracting is included in the animal feed ingredient.It will be understood to those of skill in the art that the Semen Maydis powder that extracts in the product and the preferred proportion of LOF approximately are every kind of amounts in corn grain, oil still less.

Another aspect of the present invention provides in foods prods the method for using the Semen Maydis oil that extracts, and it comprises the steps: 1) Semen Maydis oil of the extraction that obtains by method of the present invention is provided; With 2) Semen Maydis oil that extracts is included in the foods prods.

The Semen Maydis oil that another aspect of the present invention provides use to extract refines the raw material of process as olein method.This method comprises the steps: 1) the thick Semen Maydis oil of the extraction that obtains by method of the present invention is provided; With 2) the thick Semen Maydis oil that will extract is included in the feed stream of olein refining process.

Another aspect of the present invention provides the Semen Maydis oil that extracted by the method for the present invention method as ingredient in cosmetic applications of using.This method comprises the steps: 1) the thick Semen Maydis oil of the extraction that obtains by method of the present invention is provided; With 2) the thick Semen Maydis oil that will extract is included in the cosmetic product.The makeup of these types comprise but are not limited to lipstick and informer.Another aspect of the present invention provides Semen Maydis powder and/or the low purposes of oily fraction in animal-feed or human food prods of extracting, and wherein the Semen Maydis powder of Ti Quing obtains by method of the present invention.And another aspect of the present invention provides the purposes of Semen Maydis oil in animal-feed or human food prods, and wherein said Semen Maydis oil obtains by method of the present invention.

Can for example oil yield, phosphorus content, free fatty acids per-cent, neutral starch per-cent, protein content, water content wait to determine the quality of Semen Maydis oil or Semen Maydis powder by estimating one or more mass parameters.For estimating the quality of oil or powder, can use any method to calculate one or more described mass parameters.

The Semen Maydis powder (16) that described low oily fraction (4) can be provided and extract is as bulk products or pelleting product, randomly with other combination of components.For example, the product of pelleting can comprise the Semen Maydis powder (himself or and other combination of components) through pelleting and the fully extraction of coating zein (zein protein).Semen Maydis powder can be included in the powder mix product, can provide with the form of loose or pelleting.To be used to make feeds product by the powder that process as herein described is produced.Powder mix can comprise following compositions with amount roughly; 0.5-12% fat, 5-45% moisture, 5-60% protein, 2-4% robust fibre and 40-80% carbohydrate.

Compare with the feeds product that mainly comprises conventional corn cereal, mainly comprise by Semen Maydis powder that extract to produce feeds product needs still less from the protein in other source soybean protein additional for example.Described powder relies on the composition of working method gained thus, and feed producer's adaptability is provided, to produce the feed that can not otherwise prepare.Semen Maydis powder by comprising extraction of the present invention is as the component of described prescription, can produce animal feed formulation with unique physical properties, described physical properties is bulk density (bulk density), weave construction (texture) pelleting for example, and retentiveness (moistrueholding capacity) and/or unique nutritive property.Use the Semen Maydis powder of the isolating extraction of method as described herein, itself is low-fat Semen Maydis powder.Selectively, its can with the low oily fraction of producing by the present invention, and/or other Semen Maydis powder or nutrition composition combination are with preparation feed formulation and foods prods.Also can be with the Semen Maydis powder that extracts and/or low oily fraction and the powder combination that for example makes soybean, canola rape (canola), Sunflower Receptacle, oilseed rape, cotton and other farm crop from farm crop.Semen Maydis powder that extracts and/or low oily fraction also can make up by the corn preparation of genetic modification and/or with the powder that is prepared by genetically modified oilseeds cereal, strengthen powder or enhanced products to form.

Usually all meet meals and the quality standard of in CODEXALIMENTARIOUS, listing or propose by National Research Council (National Research Council) with the feed formulation of Semen Maydis powder that extracts and/or low oily fraction preparation.General amount shown in the common following table 2 of Semen Maydis powder of the present invention comprises following component.

Table 2

Component	Sample A measures (%)	Sample B measures (%)	Sample C measures (%)
				Moisture content	5-45	5-25	5-45
Starch	40-70	40-80	40-70
				Protein	8-20	7-20	8-20
Fat (oil)	0.75-6	0.75-6.0	0.75-12

Robust fibre	2-4	2-4
				Ash content	1.5-3	0.5-2.0
Fructose	0.15-0.3
				Glucose	0.3-0.5
Sucrose	1.5-2.5
				Methionin			0.15-2.0
Tryptophane			0.03-2.0

Above-mentioned Semen Maydis powder also can further comprise the component of unspecified content, and the amount of described component is not given and being indicated.In one embodiment, the Semen Maydis powder of extraction comprises following component with roughly amount: about 0.5-12 weight % fat, 5-45 weight % moisture, 7-20 weight % protein, 4-11 weight % robust fibre, 40-80 weight % carbohydrate.

Low oily fraction comprises these components with such amount roughly usually: moisture 5-25%, oily 1-3.5%, protein 9-12%, starch 40-80%, fiber 2-6% and ash content 0.5-2%.Low oily fraction can also further comprise other component.

Different animals needs the different levels nutrition, and this depends on its kind, age and kind (breed).By high oil corn being carried out extraction in various degree, that is, from corn, remove more oil by the extraction of it being carried out higher degree, prepare the feed formulation that comprises different nutrient level.Therefore, by the degree that the control high oil corn is extracted, the feed formulation that can prepare the Semen Maydis powder that comprises extraction of the present invention is to comprise fat, protein and the carbohydrate of different amounts.Table 3 has specifically provided described amount; wherein the component of Xian Shiing is present in the animal feed formulation of the Semen Maydis powder that comprises extraction; concrete comprises scope as typical prescription expression; wherein, the Semen Maydis powder of extraction is a main component, and common content range is as the prescription expression; wherein can comprise one or more other compositions; for example, based on the energy derive of carbohydrate for example Chinese sorghum, wheat and/or other grain or their byproduct, or non-grain composition.

Table 3

Component	Generally comprise scope	The representational scope that comprises
			Semen Maydis powder as herein described	2-95％	50-90％
Oil seed powder 1	3-35％	10-30％
			Meat and bone meal	0-12％	0-7％
Feather meal	0-6％	0-4％
			Fat	0-10％	1-6％
Salt	0.1-0.5％	0.1-0.5％

Methionin	0-0.4％	0-0.4％
			Methionine(Met)	0-0.3％	0-0.3％
The nutrition pre-composition	0.01％-1.0％	0.01％-1.0％

¹Oil seed powder can comprise (consist of), but is not limited to, soybean, sunflower, canola rape, cottonseed and other powder based on plant, and they self can maybe can not carry out oil and extract processing.

Meat and bone meal are from supplier Darling International for example, and Inc. (Irving TX) obtains.Oil seed powder is from for example Cargill Oilseeds (Cedar Rapids IA) acquisition of supplier.Feather meal can be from supplier Agri Trading Corp. for example, and (Hetchinson MN) obtains.Amino acid can be from for example DuCoa (Highland, IL) acquisition of supplier.

By with various material suchs as grain, seed meal, VITAMIN, and/or the amino-acid mixed composition that meets protein, energy, fat, VITAMIN, mineral substance and other nutraceutical dietary needs with formation that lumps together of purifying, prepare feed formulation.Mixing process can comprise the component grinding and mix to produce the nutrition mixture of relative homogeneous.The physical properties of feedstuff raw material and mixed feed influences nutritional quality, the storageability of product, and overall value.The suitable method of making feed formulation is open in FeedManufacturing Technology IV (1994, American Feed Industry Association (U.S. feed TIA)), and is introduced in full herein.

As discussed herein, can in the powder that extracts, realize specific oil level by changing processing conditions.Protein, amino acid and the oil level of the powder that this paper extracts can not reach in steam rolls the conventional corn of embryo, and the high oil corn that steam rolls embryo can have too much oil, and this may have negative impact to the health of ruminating animal.

Use the Semen Maydis powder of the extraction of this type can develop the animal feed formulation of many types.The kind of the animal feed formulation that the Semen Maydis powder that use is extracted obtains is described in 930, the 15 hurdles in U.S. Patent No. 6,648; Be introduced into as a reference herein.Use the Semen Maydis powder of such extraction also can develop the human food prods.

Can be with the Semen Maydis powder of the LOF of combination of the present invention and extraction composition as the aquatic feeds product.

Compare with the corn product of corn dry mill, an advantage of the LOF of combination of the present invention and the Semen Maydis powder of extraction has improved protein content and quality exactly, because removed substantially from the oil of kind of grain, obtains the wherein spissated powder product of protein.This product can be used for bird feed.Because powder available from all parts of kind of grain, comprises plumule (embryo), so this proteinic quality and quantity are all higher than the proteinic quality and the quantity that exist in the thick slag of corn that extracts usually.

The Semen Maydis powder and the low oily fraction of the extraction of the combination of producing by method of the present invention also can be used for based on the fermentative production compound, for example butanols, ethanol, lactic acid, citric acid and VITAMIN.Can be with the Semen Maydis powder of solvent extraction and/or low oily fraction hydrolysis so that soluble sugar to be provided.Described powder/low oily fraction is served as the carbon source and the nitrogenous source of bacterium, fungi or yeast culture.Can produce vitamin H and other VITAMIN by culturing micro-organisms.Organism can comprise variable pseudomonas (Pseudomonas mutabilis) (ATCC31014), Corynebacterium primorioxydans (ATCC 31015), genus arthrobacter (Arthrobacter) bacterial classification, Gibberella (Gibberella) bacterial classification, Penicillium (Penicillium) bacterial classification, or its combination.

The nutrition that uses in the cultivation of these and other microorganism comprises, for example, starch, glucose, alcohols, ketone and as the Semen Maydis powder or the urea of the peptone of nitrogenous source, corn steep liquor (corn steep liquor), soyflour, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, extraction.In the substratum of microorganism culturing, can also comprise various salt and trace elements.The pH of substratum is about 4 to about 9, and preferred about 6 to about 8, for bacteria culture more preferably about 7.For mould or yeast, pH is about 5 to about 7.In the training period, temperature is remained on 10 ℃ to 100 ℃, preferred 20 ℃ to 80 ℃, more preferably from about 20 ℃ to 40 ℃, and most preferably about 25 ℃.

Vitamin H is produced in U.S. Patent No. 3,859, describes in 167, is introduced into as a reference herein.With suitable-tetrahydrochysene-2-oxygen-4-n-amyl group-thieno-[3,4-d] and tetrahydroglyoxaline (cis-tetrahydro-2-oxo-4-n-pentyl-thieno[3,4-d] imidazoline) add in the Semen Maydis powder and other substratum of definite composition that is fit to that contains solvent extraction together with the microbial strains that can form vitamin H.Usually, with microorganism culturing 1 to 10 day, preferred 1 to 8 day, more preferably 2 to 7 days, afterwards vitamin H is separated and purifying.In one embodiment,, from substratum, remove cell, filtrate is absorbed on gac, and use the ion-exchange column purification for the purifying biological element.Also use optional purification process for example the pH regulator of the solution by will comprising vitamin H near crystallization its iso-electric point.

The Semen Maydis powder of the extraction that the present invention produces and/or low oily fraction, or its combination also can be further processed to produce biodegradable material.For example, powder of the present invention or low oily fraction can be mixed as thermoplastic agent (thermoplasticising agent).Powder of the present invention or low oily fraction can be included in U.S. Patent No. 5,320, in 669 methods of describing, described United States Patent (USP) is introduced into as a reference herein.Use the Semen Maydis powder of solvent extraction, or assign to prepare thermoplastic material by the low oil level that method described herein obtains.In one embodiment, using organic solvent and optional linking agent to handle with starch and protein in the corn cereal that will extract the biodegradable thermoplastic compounds that uses powder of the present invention or low oily fraction preparation links together.The linking agent of indication can be and anyly can connect starch and proteinic compound herein, for example aldehyde, acid anhydrides, or epoxide (epoxide).It is biodegradable, water-proof and/or have (molded) article of the extruding or the moulding of high-caliber physical strength that the composition that uses powder of the present invention and/or low oily fraction so to form can be used for preparing.The low oily fraction that paper product also can contain the Semen Maydis powder of the extraction of producing by the present invention, produce by the present invention, or its combination.

Prepare the Semen Maydis powder that contains extraction and the mixing prod of one or more other oil seed powders by the Semen Maydis powder that will extract and other oil seed powder combination extraction or non-extraction to form powder mix.In any moment in described process, can in powder mix, add extra component to form mixing prod.

The Semen Maydis powder that extracts also can be used for food for example foodstuff products for example tinned fruit filling, the food and the congee that expand or extrude of snack food prod, French fries (chips), food adhesive, food supplement, nutritive food rod, vitamin complex fill-in, mixed food product, bread, fermentation raw material, breakfast cereals, thickening.

When being used for to supply the product of the mankind or animal edible, Semen Maydis powder that extracts and/or low oily fraction can with other combination of components, described other component such as other powder, other oil seed powder, cereal, other cereal (corn), Chinese sorghum, wheat, wheat abrasive dust byproduct, barley, cassava, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, bakery byproduct, whole fat rice wheat bran and rice husk.

Semen Maydis powder that extracts and/or low oily fraction also can be used to produce the zein isolate as raw material, are used for fermentation, are used for further chemical process, in addition, can be with enzyme, for example amylase and proteolytic enzyme join in the powder to help to promote starch and proteinic decomposition.

The ordinary method that the Semen Maydis powder that extracts randomly passes through separating starch and protein component.Described method comprises that for example dry grinding, wet-milling, high-pressure pump are inhaled (pumping), or refrigerating process.These and other suitable method is at Waston, S.A.﹠amp; P.E.Ramstad, and ed. (1987, Corn:Chemistry andTechnology, the 11st, 12 chapters, American Association of Cereal Chemist, Inc., St.Paul, MN) open, its disclosure is hereby incorporated by.Because at the preceding oil of having removed from Semen Maydis powder, do not compare with extracting the corn oil condition, the starch in the Semen Maydis powder of extraction separates with other component with protein component is easier.

For powder that extracts and low oily fraction, several important mass parameters comprise fat, starch, protein and moisture content.The method of the mass parameter of evaluation oil seed powder is open in the method for AOAS, plays a relevant disclosure and is introduced into this paper as a reference.These methods also can be applied to the Semen Maydis powder and the low oily fraction of the extraction of preparation as described herein.

From a kind of independent corn type (for example 12 weight % oil and 9 weight % protein), the Semen Maydis powder type that can prepare more than one satisfies specific nutritional needs.Nutrient density in this adaptive significance degree and the feeds product is relevant with the dietary requirements of animal.Use a significant advantage of such high oil corn and extracting method to be, the degree that can be dependent on the oil extraction prepares the Semen Maydis powder of extraction to have specific oil level.In case oil is removed, the protein that residual Semen Maydis powder has, amino acid and be greater than or be different from common corn cereal by other nutraceutical nutrient density that this method is not removed, and greater than the corn of beginning, for example 12 weight % are oily and the proteinic corn of 9 weight %.

By described powder being normalized into the water content of a routine, having compared and used that different methods obtains or isolating Semen Maydis powder in different time.Use AOCS method Ba 2b-82 to measure the moisture content of oil seed protein enriched material (for example Semen Maydis powder or complete corn).Use AOCS method Ba 6-84 to measure the crude fiber content of Semen Maydis powder.AOCS method Ba 6-84 is for grain, powder (meal), flour (flour), feed and therefrom can extract all fibres bearing materials (fiber bearingmaterial) that fat keeps the available resistates.Use AOCS method Ba 4e-93 to measure the crude protein content of Semen Maydis powder.Use AOCS method Ba 4e-93 to measure the starch content of Semen Maydis powder.Use Standard Analytical Methods of theMember Companies of the Corn Refiners Association Incorporated, the 2nd edition, on April 15th, 1986, method A-20 (" the method A-20 of Corn Refiner ") measures the starch content of Semen Maydis powder.

The Semen Maydis powder of the extraction of preparation as described herein can be made valuably and comprised specific oil level, oil ratio protein especially, the oil ratio carbohydrate, or oil ratio protein is than the specified proportion of carbohydrate.For example, the conventional corn that contains 8 weight % protein and 4 weight % oil has 2.0 protein: the oil ratio example, the high oil corn that contains 9 weight % protein and 12 weight % oil has 0.75 protein: the oil ratio example.Has 7.0 protein by the powder of extract producing: the oil ratio example with 10.5 weight % protein and 1.5 weight % oil.This higher ratio makes the type of this powder and product prepared therefrom be used for specific application ideally, and an example is a pig concentrated feed prescription (swine-finishing ration).

Be appreciated that analytical procedure provided herein is to calculate herein the illustrative example of useful method of the various mass parameters of the oil described and powder.Other suitable method is known, and can be used for calculating disclosed herein and claimed mass parameter.

Comprise the following example, be used for example specific embodiments of the present invention is described.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that disclosed technology is followed among the embodiment be the contriver find for fully realizing representative technology of the present invention, thereby can be considered to constitute the example mode of its enforcement.Yet according to the disclosure of invention, those skilled in the art will be understood that under the situation that does not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make many variations and still obtain same or similar result in disclosed specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1

U.S. Patent No. 6,313,328 and 6,388,110 have described commercial-scale method is used to process the whole kernel corn grain that has at least about total oil-contg of 8 weight %, and this method comprises the step of corn grain being rolled embryo and extracting Semen Maydis oil from the corn grain that rolls embryo.U.S. Patent No. 6,610,867 have described a kind of Semen Maydis oil that extracts to form the method for Semen Maydis powder.This method generally include will have about 3 weight % to the whole kernel corn fragmentation of the total oil content amount of about 30 weight %, and extract the step (this method, use and roll embryo) of Semen Maydis oil from the corn grain of fragmentation.The all components of whole grain (form whatsoever) is comprised that hanging down those oily components carries out extraction step.In contrast, in the method, classification produces high oily fraction and low oily fraction.Low oily fraction is walked around leaching process, can directly forward feed or other purposes to.Have only high oily fraction to be produced and be used for extracting and being extracted.This method doubles plant capacity with the investment of minimum.

Embodiment 2

Will be from the high oil corn grain 1 (LH310 (inbreeding (inbred) of storing, Holdens FoundationSeeds) * HOI001, referring to U.S. Patent Publication No.2003/018269 and 2003/0172416, incorporate this paper into as a reference) and high oil corn grain 2 (Top Cross Blend seed corn, purchased in the spring in 2003, grain harvest Indiana) was metered in the steam jacket stirring mixer autumn in 2003, and the residence time is about 7 minutes.Make corn carry out heat conditioning (heat temper) at 90 .Corn with conditioning is transported to Buhler-L equipment (Buhler GmbH, Germany) then, and wherein shell and softer tissue friction are to become low oily fraction (" LOF ") and to separate with the oily fraction of height (" HOF ").The analytical results of grain, HOF and LOF is shown in table 4.

Table 4

	Moisture	Oil	Separate (split) (weight %)
				Grain 1	12％	8.6％
HOF1		14.5％	52％
				LOF1		2.3％	48％
Grain 2	16％	6.7％
				HOF2		13.5％	43％
LOF2		1.7％	57％

These results are presented at the 2.5 weight % that are reduced to less than LOF above oil level in the corn material of half, thereby allow this fraction to walk around expensive extraction step.

Embodiment 3

To nurse one's health as embodiment 1 from the high oil corn grain 1 of embodiment 2, then charging rice Roskamp series 900 broken pulverizer cylinders (Roskamp, Waterloo, IA).Described cylinder per inch in the design of round bottom V-arrangement has six teeth.The gap of last cylinder is set to 2.5mm, and the gap of bottom roll is set to 2.5mm.Conditioning corn material with fragmentation aspirates to remove the skin bran then.Subsequently the corn material of the removal wheat bran of the conditioning of fragmentation is transported to the Buhler-L equipment of describing among the embodiment 1 and is used for classification.The analytical results of grain, wheat bran, HOF and LOF is presented in the table 5.

Table 5

	Moisture	Oil	Separate (weight %)
				Grain	12％	8.6％
Wheat bran		8.9％	13％
				HOF		20.5％	34％
LOF		3.5％	53％

Embodiment 4

To be fed in the broken tumbling mill of the Roskamp that describes among the embodiment 3 without conditioning from the high oil corn of embodiment 2 with setting.From tumbling mill, the corn material of fragmentation is transported to the Buhler-L equipment of describing among the embodiment 2 is used for classification.Compare with embodiment 3, this obtains lower oil level among lower throughput (throughput capacity) and the HOF.

Embodiment 5

To be fed directly into from the high oil corn grain 1 of embodiment 1 among the embodiment 3 in the broken tumbling mill of the Roskamp that describes, but go up in the described tumbling mill that cylinder gap is set to 3mm and the bottom roll spacing is set to 2.5mm.The particle size distribution that obtains be 20% greater than 4 orders (large-sized) (19), 75% between 4 orders and 12 orders (piece of middle size) (19A), and 5% less than 12 orders (undersized) (20).Then with broken corn piece the Rotex sieve apparatus (Rotex, Inc., Cincinnati, OH, Model#201GP) on, grind the screening of rank screen cloth with 4 orders with 5.46mm aperture.Collection is retained in the piece at sieve top.The Buhler-L equipment that material delivery that will be by the Rotex sieve apparatus is described in the embodiment 1 is used for classification.Grain, the analytical results of crushing material, HOF and the LOF by the Rotex sieve apparatus is not shown in table 6.Large-sized particle is not classified, thereby has reduced cost.

Table 6

Moisture

Oil

Separate (weight %)

Grain	11％	9.6％
				Rotex keeps		16.9％	20％
HOF		17.16％	31％
				LOF		2.5％	49％

Embodiment 6

To collect from the HOF of embodiment 2 in the surge bunker (surge bin) by 5, and by Buhler feeder DPSA (Buhler Group, address) be metered into Buhler clarifixator (BuhlerGmbH, Germany), described clarifixator is added among the HOF steam or water with conditioning HOF.HOF with conditioning is fed among the Buhler Condex decompressor DFEA-220 (Buhler GmbH, Germany) that 30 slit 8mm die heads are housed to form the expansible HOF of moulding then.With the HOF cooling of the expansible Cutting Length of moulding and in the hexane extraction system, carry out solvent extraction subsequently, for example in U.S. Patent No. 6,388,110 and 6,313, described in 328, this patent is incorporated herein by reference.The operating parameters of conditioner, vapo(u)r blasting speed, expander die pressure, and expander conduit (expander barrel) pressure is as follows:

25 ℃ of conditioner exhaust temperatures

To 4% of expander conduit uperize expander feeding rate

Decompressor die pressure 36bar

143 ℃ of expander conduit temperature

Extract in the laboratory in the experiment from 93% of the oil of HOF and can extract.To those skilled in the art, by carry out naked-eye observation under the extraction platform (bed) of extractor, seepage and discharging also are acceptables.The liquid that gives off does not stir (puddle), and the intensity of eliminating thing is very high.

Embodiment 7

(Fitzpatrick Company, Elmhurst mill in IL) at the Fitzmill pulverizer that 1/4 inch sieve is installed with the broken corn block of material by the Rotex screen cloth described among the embodiment 4 not.With the ground material with from the HOF material mixing of Buhler-L.Corn and HOF with the fragmentation of milling of this combination is fed in the Buhler Condex decompressor described in the embodiment 5 then.Form the acceptable dilator of extractability.As " Laboratory and Pilot Solvent Extraction ofExtruded High-Oil Corn " such as Aguilara, JAOCS, 63 (2): 239-243 measures extractability described in (1986).The acceptable level of oil residues be less than originally oil (original oil) about 15%.

Embodiment 8

The large-sized broken corn block of material by the Rotex screen cloth described among the embodiment 4 not is heated to 70 ℃.(Waterloo IA) is pressed into a thin slice that 4mm is thick in the broken machine of the germ flattening rolls of model 2862 to the corn material of the fragmentation that will heat at Roskamp then.Then this thin slice is added among the expansible HOF of refrigerative moulding of embodiment 5.

Embodiment 9

To carry out the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction process through the high oily fraction of expansible (9) and remove oil in logistics from then on.Can produce CO partly by the ethanol fermentation process ₂, in the described ethanol fermentation process, the raw material of supplying with fermentor tank is one or more low oily fractions (LOF (4), (broken low oily fractions (34)).In the ethanol fermentation process, for the ethanol of each mole generation, the CO that corresponding generation is a mole ₂Normally, with CO ₂Be discharged in the air and not and reclaim.In this embodiment, the CO that produces from the ethanol fermentation of LOF (4) and/or broken low oily fraction (34) ₂Be hunted down and use carbon filter (carbon filter) to clean to remove organic impurity.Then with CO ₂Compression is also stored.Can under super critical condition, use CO then ₂With extract oil from expansible HOF (9).Then can be with excessive CO ₂With oil from CO ₂After separating in the/oil mixt is discharged in the air or recompression and storage.Use this system, be used for the CO of extract oil ₂A factory location production, thereby reduced trucking costs.

Embodiment 10

The grain (" DDGS ") that has solid exsiccant distiller is the common byproduct of producing in drying and grinding ethanol fermentation process.DDGS is tending towards having high fiber and albumen, and is feed resource good in the ruminant feed industry.Non--digestibility phosphorus of DDGS is higher, mainly due to the existence of phytate (phytate).Because the useless phosphorus from the animal production unit is the subject matter that animal-feed industry faces, and is studying the method that various minimizings are loaded into the phosphorus of environment always.With respect to the initial corn material in its source, 3 times the phosphorus level because DDGS has an appointment because of common drying and grinding ethanol process contains is so DDGS is controversial especially, for example, as Davis, Chippewa Valley EthanolCompany, Benson, MN (62 ^NdMinnesota Nuturion Conference and Minnesota CornGrowers Association Technical Symposium, Bloomington MN, September calendar year 2001) described.Described drying and grinding ethanol process comprises that (consist of) utilizes whole kernel corn to be used for ethanol fermentation as raw material.Complete grain is pulverized and starch is partly transformed saccharogenesis, then with sugar-fermenting to produce ethanol and CO ₂Be called DDGS with material (for example oil, fiber, the albumen) drying of reservation and with the powder that obtains.Owing to the level of phytate initial in the corn and phosphorus is removed in the ethanol fermentation process, these components promptly are concentrated among the DDGS at reserved materials.

LOF (4) compares with complete corn grain with broken low oily fraction (34), comprises the plumule and the fiber of less amount.Plumule and fiber are most of phytate and the position of phosphate potential in corn grain.Use LOF (4) and/or broken low oily fraction (34) to provide low-phosphorous DDGS as the ethanol fermentation raw material.

Embodiment 11

Present embodiment has specifically contrasted two kinds of DIFFERENT FEED prescriptions: first feed formulation comprises the conventional corn without solvent extraction, and second feed formulation comprises the Semen Maydis powder of the extraction of producing by the present invention.When being the finished product of expecting, uses the pork of lean meat species the feed formulation of the Semen Maydis powder that contains extraction.Pig concentrated feed prescription (hog finishing feed ration) comprise contain less than or the Semen Maydis powder of the extraction of about 1.5 weight % oil, it is by providing following ingredients to prepare with the amount shown in the table 7.Feed formulation is usually by preparing burden, mix and described composition pelleting being produced feed formulation; Yet, can in the process of preparation feed formulation, save one or more described steps.Table 7 has shown use conventional corn (not being high oil corn) and has derived from the contrast of formula for pig forage of the Semen Maydis powder preparation of the extraction that contains 12 weight % oil, the proteinic high oil corn of 9 weight % that wherein the Semen Maydis powder of Ti Quing has about 1.5 weight % or oil still less (fat).Represent quantity according to " in statu quo (as is) " or " by charging (as fed) " water content levels.

Table 7

	The pig concentrated feed
			Composition	Conventional corn (%)	The Semen Maydis powder (%) that extracts
Corn	79.98	-
			The Semen Maydis powder (about 1.5 weight % oil) that extracts	-	83.55
Soyflour	12.45	6.60
			Meat and bone meal	6.59	7.22
Feather meal	-	-
			Fat	0.10	1.50
Salt	0.40	0.70
			Methionin	0.08	0.15
Methionine(Met)	-	-
			Pre-composition	0.15	0.15
Nutrition

Crude protein, %	15.44	15.78
			ME，kcal/kg	3200	3200
Robust fibre, %	1.96	2.12
			Calcium, %	0.85	0.85
Phosphorus, %	0.58	0.58
			Amino acid, %
Arginine	0.96	0.93
			Gelucystine	0.28	0.29
Histidine	0.40	0.42
			Isoleucine	0.57	0.58
Leucine	1.39	1.49
			Methionin	0.81	0.81
Methionine(Met)	0.26	0.34
			Phenylalanine	0.70	0.72
Threonine	0.56	0.58
			Tryptophane	0.14	0.14
Tyrosine	0.47	0.48
			Xie Ansuan	0.72	0.75

In table 7, provided the absolute figure of percentage composition, yet in fact, described composition can comprise the ratio that comprises that shows in other table of this paper of using.

Embodiment 12

The feed formulation of present embodiment is used for for example high-octane needs of chick of full feeding bird.By providing following one-tenth to assign to prepare bird chick concentrated feed prescription with the amount shown in the table 8, it comprise contain less than or be about the Semen Maydis powder of the extraction of 4 weight % oil (fat).Usually by preparing burden, mix and described composition pelleting being produced feeds product; Yet, can in the process of preparation feed formulation, save one or more described steps.

Table 8 has shown use conventional corn (non-high oil corn) and available from containing 12 weight % oil, the comparison of the bird feed prescription of the Semen Maydis powder preparation of the extraction of the proteinic high oil corn of 9 weight %, the Semen Maydis powder of wherein said extraction has about 4 weight % or oil still less (fat).Represent quantity according to " in statu quo (as is) " or " by charging (as fed) " water content levels, and provided the absolute figure of percentage composition, yet in fact, described composition can comprise the ratio that comprises that shows in other table of this paper of using.

	Raise young fowl
			Composition	Conventional corn (%)	The Semen Maydis powder (%) that extracts
Conventional corn	66.85	-
			The Semen Maydis powder (about 4% oil) that extracts	-	70.86
Soyflour	20.96	16.42
			Meat and bone meal	5.00	5.00
Feather meal	2.00	2.00
			Fat	3.29	3.76
Salt	0.37	0.37
			The Methionin that adds	0.13	0.19
The methionine(Met) that adds	0.15	0.09
			Pre-composition	0.10	0.10
Nutrition
			Crude protein, %	19.48	19.52
ME，kcal/kg	3100	3100
			Robust fibre, %	1.97	2.12
Calcium, %	0.94	0.94
			Phosphorus, %	0.63	0.62
Amino acid, %
			Arginine	1.27	1.23
Gelucystine	0.38	0.39
			Histidine	0.47	0.48
Isoleucine	0.78	0.79
			Leucine	1.68	1.74
Methionin	1.06	1.06
			Methionine(Met)	0.44	0.44
Phenylalanine	0.92	0.92
			Threonine	0.74	0.75
Tryptophane	0.19	0.20
			Tyrosine	0.61	0.62
Xie Ansuan	0.95	0.96

Embodiment 13

In this embodiment, described with the thick Semen Maydis oil that routine is produced and compared, had the oil of tocotrienols content of the level of increase.Semen Maydis oil is the solvent that extracts from the oily fraction of height.Analyze the tocotrienols content of Semen Maydis oil then.Usually, improve to extract the increase of tocotrienols content in the Semen Maydis oil that temperature causes extracting.The minimum of the reality of tocotrienols content and maximum value will depend on the specific high oil corn that uses.

Embodiment 14

This embodiment has illustrated a kind of forage component, and its powder that comprises the Semen Maydis powder produced by method of the present invention and another kind of plant base is the mixture of oil seed powder for example.Mixing material can be the loose aggregate mixture of simple two kinds of powder classes, or the form of pelleting product.Can closely produce two kinds of powder and before transporting, they are mixed to the human consumer.The advantage of this method is the protein and the energy level that can change in independent powder.Annexing ingredient is randomly adding with the powder mix stages or in the time after a while.For example, the energy in the feed manufacturing is strengthened step and is related to the grinding of corn grain, and itself and other composition are mixed in the feed masher.Compare with the powder mix of routine, the common needs of powder mix of the present invention energy still less is to produce the final feed product.

The trophic component of the mixture (S10-C90) of mixture (S20-C80), 10%SBM and the 90%ECM of Semen Maydis powder (ECM), 20%SBM and 80%ECM that table 9 shown soyflour (SBM), extract, and the nutritional needs of the diet of bird and pig.The nutritional needs of bird and pig shows according to NationalResearch Council (NRC) criterion.ECM prepares according to method of the present invention.

Table 9

Parameter	SBM	ECM	20%SBM and 80% ECM	The bird dietetic nutrition needs	10%SBM and 90%ECM	The pig dietetic nutrition needs
							Crude protein (CP)	47.5	10.2	17.66	18	13.93	13.2
Pig ME, kcal/kg	3380	3301	3316.8		3308.90	3265
							Bird ME, kcal/kg	2440	3133	2994.4	3200	3063.70
Crude fat, %	3	4	3.8		3.90
							The neutral detergent fiber, %	8.9	11.3	10.82		11.06
The acid detergent fiber, %	5.4	2.8	3.32		3.06

Arginine	3.48	0.45	1.06	1.00	0.75	0.19
							Histidine	1.28	0.27	0.47	0.27	0.37	0.19
Isoleucine	2.16	0.34	0.70	0.62	0.52	0.33
							Leucine	3.66	1.03	1.56	0.93	1.29	0.54
Methionin	3.02	0.33	0.87	0.85	0.60	0.60
							Methionine(Met)	0.67	0.25	0.33	0.32	0.29	0.16
Gelucystine	0.74	0.21	0.32	0.28	0.26	0.35
							Phenylalanine	2.39	0.44	0.83	0.56	0.64	0.34
Tyrosine	1.82	0.29	0.60	0.48	0.44	0.55
							Threonine	1.85	0.34	0.64	0.68	0.49	0.41
Tryptophane	0.65	0.09	0.20	0.16	0.15	0.11
							Xie Ansuan	2.27	0.45	0.81	0.70	0.63	0.40
Total essential amino acid (EAA)	23.99	4.49	8.39	6.85	6.44	4.17
							EAA/CP	0.505	0.440	0.45	0.381	0.45	0.316

Embodiment 15

With the recovery of oil that extracts, and analyze VITAMIN, lipid acid and trace nutrient.In contrast, the yellow #2 corn of 800 Ibs. is extracted with same way as, and analyze the same composition of the oil that reclaims.Use patented method by contract lab analysis vitamin A and β-Hu Luobusu.Optionally disclosed method comprises Bate etc., Proc.Fla.State Hort Soc., 88:266-271 (1975).Use CP88 cyanopopyl post (100m * 0.265mm, 0.5mm thickness) by gas-chromatography (GC), and the flame ionization detector described in method Ce 1c-82, Ce 2-65, Cd 3a-94 and the Cd 1c-85 of Amerian OilChemist Society (AOCS) is analyzed free fatty acids.

With hexane-Virahol as moving phase, use the silicon post of common phase, analyze tocopherol and tocotrienols by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC, Waters model 2590), and use fluoroscopic examination (Waters model 2690), detect according to the described method of AOCS Ce 8-89.With water-acetonitrile is moving phase, uses the C30 reversed-phase column to analyze xenthophylls by HPLC, detects by the UV detector.

Table 10 is listed as follows, and having provided will be by the comparison of oil compositions and the yellow #2 corn of the expection that obtains in the high oil corn.For relatively, also provided the oil compositions of the yellow #2 corn that extracts in the next comfortable corn wet milling process.

Table 10

Component

High oil corn

Yellow #2

Y#2, corn wet milling

Palmitinic acid %	11.4	10.7	10.7
				Stearic acid %	2.2	1.9	2.0
Oleic acid %	35.6	25.5	27.5
				Linolic acid %	48	58.4	57.1
Linolenic acid %	0.7	1.2	1.1
				Alpha-tocotrienol (ppm)	184	48	12
Alpha-tocopherol (ppm)	237	231	136
				VITMAIN B1, mg/100g	0.390	NA	0.260
Wei ShengsuB2, mg/100g	0.090	NA	0.080
				Vitamin B6, mg/100g	0.82	NA	0.4
Vitamin B12, mg/100g	0.5	NA	0.5

Embodiment 16

Present embodiment has illustrated the Biodegradable material that the Semen Maydis powder production of use the present invention extraction has the tensile strength (tensile strength) of raising.

The Semen Maydis powder that the present invention is extracted is suspended in the hexane in the sealed vessel, and the weight ratio of Semen Maydis powder and solvent is 2: 3.This mixture can at room temperature not have the ground of mixing and placed about 18 hours.From the Semen Maydis powder that extracts, remove organic solvent, and in filtration procedure, wash the Semen Maydis powder resistates that extracts than the aliquots containig of 1: 1 usefulness hexane with rest part and weight of solvent.In convection oven at 50 ℃ with dry 16 hours of resistates.The water content that water sprinkling exsiccant resistates mixes simultaneously up to resistates is 10.7% to 11.3%.Under 5000psi, 140 ℃ to 160 ℃ kept 10 minutes, and (IN) the Semen Maydis powder composition molding with the extraction of solvent treatment is ASTM standard dog-bone (dogbone) article for WabashMetal Products, Inc.Wabash to use the compression molding press.Same and the water of undressed Semen Maydis powder composition is incorporated into 10.7% to 11.3% water content, and is shaped to ASTM standard dog-bone article.Compare the tensile property of using the article of Semen Maydis powder production of the extraction of the solvent treatment of producing that demonstration is significantly improved by method of the present invention with Semen Maydis powder without the extraction of solvent treatment.

Selectively, the powder of Semen Maydis powder of the present invention with 1: 3 is suspended in the aqueous ethanol (95%) respectively than oily weight ratio, and boiled 2 hours, have simultaneously and reflux and mechanical stirring.Powder is filtered, with ethanol (1: 1 resistates: debris ethanol).With this resistates according to the above-mentioned steps drying, rewetting, and moulding.Tensile property and the water-absorbent of handling the powder of 2 hour short time with ethanol under boiling temperature are similar with the powder that at room temperature extends the processing of 18 hour time.

Embodiment 17

Present embodiment has been illustrated and has been used the oil that obtained by the high oil corn source as biodiesel fuel.

In a successive process, will from the high oily fraction of producing, extract and according to the oil of the about 62kg/hr of known commercial run purified (137lbs/hr) by the present invention, in the steel basin reaction member with the methanol mixed of 18kg/hr (40lbs/hr).Sodium hydroxide with 0.08kg/hr (0.1775lbs/hr) adds same steel basin reaction member simultaneously, and it is in 20psig and about 80 ℃ of operations.These conditions provide basically 100% the conversion of the tri-glyceride of adding to lipid acid and methyl ester.Make the two-phase of reaction mixture place and separate so that methyl ester to be provided mutually on the upper strata, and provide the glycerine and the about mixture of residual methyl ester, methyl alcohol and the alkali of 10-15 weight % in mutually in lower floor.The glycerine of about 6.4kg/hr (14lbs/hr) is neutralized mutually, the methyl alcohol that flash distillation exists, and resistates delivered in the continuously stirring reaction member, at 80 ℃, the 320psig operation.This reaction member comprises that also about 4 weight % residence time are 2 hours Amberlyst-15 catalyzer, and adds the iso-butylene of about 7.9kg/hr (17.5lbs/hr) in this reaction member.Thereby produce biodiesel fuel with about 66kg/hr (145lbs/hr), and compare, have higher kinematic viscosity and cloud point with the biofuel that does not have glyceryl ether to exist.

Embodiment 18

(A) starch hydrolysis

It according to the described herein and Semen Maydis powder of solvent extraction of the present invention preparation the abundant source of the starch that is used to ferment.Low oily fraction of the present invention, or this low oily fraction also can be with the source of the starch that acts on fermentation together with the Semen Maydis powder of extraction of the present invention.It is a kind of that the method for the soluble sugar that is suitable for fermenting is provided is the hydrolyzed starch molecule.The enzyme that can be used for starch is converted into the several types of monose is amylase (class), proteolytic enzyme, cellulase (class) (for example xylonase), esterase (class) (for example ferulase, acetylase) and ligninase (class).These enzymes can be used alone or in combination.

Use the Retsch masher that 5 kinds of samples (that is: a kind of yellow dent corn grain sample, two kinds of high oil corn grain sample and two kinds of high oil corn powder samples by the extraction of method preparation of the present invention) are ground with the screen cloth by 1mm.Shown in table 16, high oil corn powder sample number 1 and 2 obtains from POS Pilot Plant Corporation (Saskatoon, Saskachewan, Canada).With every kind of sample of three hectograms (300g) and 700ml, 99 ℃-100 ℃ water combinations that contain the 0.5ml α-Dian Fenmei, and place in the encloses container.With alkali the pH value of every kind of mixture is adjusted to 5.9.Every kind of mixture is stirred 45min, and add extra α-Dian Fenmei.

After through 45 minutes insulation of another one, be adjusted to 4.5 with sour pH value with every kind of mixture.The glucoamylase (Optimax 7525) and the 0.5g proteolytic enzyme (fungal proteinase 5000) of one milliliter 1/2nd (0.5ml) are added in the sample mixture, and two kinds of enzymes all are incubated 22-24h down at 62 ℃.In this process, use organic acid post (Aminex HPX-87H ion exclusion post, 300mm * 7.8mm, Bio Rad), monitor amylolytic degree by HPLC (Waters 2690 Separations modules).Measure the total nitrogen content of every kind of sample by Leco 2000 CN.Method (15 by AOAC ^ThEd., 1990, p.735) measure free amino nitrogen (FAN).

(B) fermentation

On weight basis with the fermentation medium standardization.Every kind of sample comprise the enzyme of 45 grams (45g) that handle with Semen Maydis powder (obtaining initial glucose concn is 133-233g/L) solvent extraction.Every kind of sample is all joined in the 125ml flask.Adding the 1g/L yeast extract can not be restricted to guarantee nitrogen.Use 10% inoculum to come the inoculation culture thing, and cultivate 42h in gyrate shaker 125rpm at 30 ℃ from the yeast culture that spends the night (the representational Altech ethanol yeast of yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)).By HPLC monitoring glucose consumption and alcohol production amount.

Embodiment 19

This embodiment has illustrated and has used the abundant source that is used for the starch of fermentation production of citric acid from the Semen Maydis powder conduct of solvent extraction of the present invention.Produce citric acid from the degreasing Semen Maydis powder and relate to the several steps that comprises that starch hydrolysis, fermentation and citric acid reclaim.

(A) starch hydrolysis

The Semen Maydis powder of the solvent extraction of the present invention of preparation as described herein and low oily fraction are the abundant sources of the starch that is used to ferment.It is a kind of that the method for the soluble sugar that is suitable for fermenting is provided is the hydrolyzed starch molecule.Can be used for the type that starch and albumen substrate with Semen Maydis powder be converted into the enzyme of the monose that is suitable for fermenting and comprise amylase (class), proteolytic enzyme, cellulase (class) (for example xylonase), esterase (class) (for example ferulase, acetylase) and ligninase (class).

With the Retsch masher six kinds of samples (that is: the high oil corn powder sample of a yellow dent corn grain sample, a yellow dent corn powder sample, two high oil corn grain sample and two extractions) are ground with the screen cloth by 1mm.With every kind of sample of three hectograms (300g) and 700ml, 99 ℃-100 ℃ water combinations that contain the 0.5ml α-Dian Fenmei, and place in the encloses container.With the pH regulator to 5.9 of alkali with every kind of mixture.Every kind of mixture is stirred 45min, and add extra α-Dian Fenmei.

Through 45 minutes insulation of another one, use acid with every kind of mixture pH regulator to 4.5.One milliliter 1/2nd (0.5ml) glucoamylase (Optimax 7525) and 0.5g proteolytic enzyme (fungal proteinase 5000) are added sample mixture, and two kinds of enzymes all are incubated or 22-24 hour at 62 ℃.In whole process, use organic acid post (Aminex HPX-87H ion exclusion post, 300mm * 7.8mm, Bio Rad), monitor amylolytic degree by HPLC (Waters 2690 Separations modules).Measure the total nitrogen content of every kind of sample by Leco 2000 CN.By AOAC method (15 ^ThEd., 1990, p.735) measure free amino nitrogen (FAN).

(B) fermentation and citric acid production

In case by enzyme handle prepare starch suitably from the Semen Maydis powder of solvent extraction after, come filtering solution and slough mineral substance according to generally well-known practice.In the submerged fermentation jar, spend mineral water, make the carbohydrate that obtains reach the solid content of about 120mg/l.Submerged fermentation method is also referred to as immersion processes.In this method, to jar supply sterile air, nutrition and carbon source (hydrolyzed starch), and with aspergillus niger (Aspergillusniger) spore inoculating.Add fungal spore in nutrient solution, the fungal spore concentration of adding is every milliliter of about 100 spores of nutrient solution, and it is corresponding to every cubic metre of (m ³) the miospore amount is 10 to 15g, and carries out citric acid production by fungi.The example of Aspergillus niger strain is a U.S. Patent No. 2,492, the DSM5484 that describes in ATCC 1015 that describes in 667 and the U.S. Patent No. 5,081,025.

The insulation of Jie Zhong nutrient solution is usually being carried out under the known and condition that is used for citric acid production described thus, and for example ventilation and temperature are controlled continuously.During the fermentation, temperature is maintained at about 32 ℃ (90 ), and pH maintains about 2 to 3 with Trisodium Citrate, adds sterile air to keep about 50% dissolved oxygen content.Fermenting reaches the sugared content of the minimizing of about 1g/L until fermented liquid, this can reach over these days.In reclaiming, citric acid can use two kinds of main separation methods, lime-sulfuric acid (Lime-Sulfuric Acid) method and liquid extraction (Liquid extraction) method.Described lime sulfuric acid method is normally used and is familiar with for the technician in citric acid production field.

Embodiment 20

Present embodiment has been described extract oil from yellow horse tooth #2 corn (commercial feed corn).

Use model DFEA-220 decompressor (Buhler GmbH, Germany) to expand by the HOF of yellow horse tooth #2 Maize Production to produce jacket layer (collet).Moisture is introduced in the bucket of decompressor with the form of steam.The speed from 6.0 to 6.8% that steam increases.Expansible HOF cools off in the ambient air cooler of level, and described water cooler reduces to water content between 10 and 13% water content.HOF is expanded so that it is suitable for introducing full scale (full-scale) solvent extraction device.

The expansible HOF of two car loading capacitys is metered into leaching process completely, and described leaching process contains the HOF of 23-32%.Residuum is the plumule oil cake (expeller cake) that wet-milling obtains.Surpassing in 3.5 hour time, the car unloading is being entered in the wet-milling plumule stream.Described being combined in the thin-layer bed CrownModel III extractor extracted.This extractor scale is 1000T/ days.Table 11 has shown the result of different in test sample spot (sample points).

Table 11

	Fat %	Protein %	Water content %	FFA％
					The extractor charging	16.0-17.2	--	4.96-7.06	2.0-3.4
The extractor discharging	0.98-1.33	--	7.80-8.95	--
					The DC/DT discharging	2.77-4.92	19.02-20.21	10.99-12.18	--
Final oil to be preserved	--	--	--	1.4-1.7

The FFA=free fatty acids,

DC=moisture eliminator/water cooler

DT=desolventizer baker

Similarly, by yellow #2 Maize Production HOF.It is made into the structure that useable solvents is extracted, solvent extraction with the raw material of the Semen Maydis powder that extracts as fermentation.

Embodiment 21

Present embodiment has been illustrated a kind of embodiment with wet-milling and dry milling technique combination.

The dry grinding corn provides the roughing out of planting the grain component.When not needing high purity starch and other products, be used usually.It is used to produce fermentation raw material usually in alcohol production equipment, because yeast does not need high pure raw material.Compare with wet-milling, dry grinding expends fund still less and use energy also less.On the contrary, wet-milling provides high purity starch, protein and oil.Before using one or more wet-grinding technology and relative devices, use the mechanical separation step, classification step for example can not need to use as the method for the consumes energy of wet-milling and fund and produce highly purified product.

In corn wet milling process, the immersion of grain is called as " dipping ".The steeping process of corn generally includes adding sulfurous gas (from about 0.1 to about 0.3%), and dipping time is from about 24 to about 48 hours, between temperature about 45 arrives about 60 ℃.After dipping, obtained light (light) steep water, it comprises the soluble fractions of the corn grain of high percentage composition.Compare relative softlyer before the corn grain of the dipping that obtains and the dipping, last at steeping process can be separated into it plumule, fiber, starch and protein.

The corn of dipping is roughly ground by two steps in rough grinding machine, to discharge plumule from kind of grain.Separated plumule after each corase grind step.Plumule has the oil-contg of about 45-55%.Described oil normally extracts in refinement step subsequently.

Thick the kinds grain of the removal plumule that keeps is ground in rough grinding machine for the third time, with destruction endosperm matrix and discharge starch.From starch and endosperm protein, remove fiber through a series of sieves by making slurries.

Then with isolating fiber dewatering and dry.In some cases, with fiber with in vaporizer, be concentrated up to the steep water combination that reaches the about 50% dry solid content of about 45-.The drying composite of fiber and steep water is called corn gluten feed (corn gluten feed).

With the starch protein mixture thickening that keeps and use a series of whizzers to separate.In mill-stream thickener (MST) was centrifugal, feed density obtained increasing, thereby has improved separating of starch and endosperm protein (seitan).Overflow from MST is sent in the impregnation chamber as steep water.Underflow (underflow) from MST is sent to tentatively centrifugal (initial gross separation step).In the initial gross separation step, gluten protein part from starch is separated.Overflow from preliminary centrifugation step is light seitan stream.Preliminary underflow is sent to the starch washing with purifying starch.Thickening is carried out in overflow from the starch washing step in clarifying centrifuge.The cleaner underflow turns back in the preliminary centrifugal head tank.The cleaner overflow is used for preliminary centrifugal washing water and fiber wash water.

Light seitan stream, it contains 5% the dry solid substance of having an appointment, and is concentrated in seitan thickening whizzer.Overflow is used to the washing of fiber and plumule.Underflow refers to the seitan of the weight that contains 10 to about 20% the dry-matter of having an appointment, and mainly is the starch (butt) of insoluble albumen (be about butt 64%) and about 10 to about 25%.From then on isolate the solid that suspends in the heavy seitan in the treating water with rotary vacuum filter.The seitan cake that is drawn off by strainer contains 55 to about 65% the water of having an appointment.The treating water that to separate from the seitan cake (referring to the seitan filtered liquid sometimes) turns back in the seitan thickening charging stock tank.It is about 10 to about 12% that the seitan cake is dried to water content, and it is called as corn gluten meal.HOF and LOF that the classification step that shows in Fig. 1 and 2 produces can be used in the wet-milling process, yet they will enter in the wet-milling process at different points.

LOF has had a large amount of plumules of removing in classification step.Thereby, can in the process of impregnation steps (dipping can be batch-wise or successive), make LOF enter the wet-milling process, but be contemplated that LOF needs shorter dipping time and SO still less ₂And may eliminate SO ₂Needs.Dipping time can shorten extraly by the use of ultrasonic, mixing etc. is incorporated in this process.

In another embodiment, can by the dry grinding LOF and with ground LOF introduce the 3rd the mill or fiber wash in save steeping process.Be integrated in the embodiment in the already present ongoing wet-milling expection SO will grinding LOF ₂Enough impel protein to separate in the concentration of the 3rd mill with starch.

In some embodiments, expectation adds organic acid to promote the separation of LOF.The useful organic acid that can be used in this process comprises for example lactic acid, citric acid etc.

With HOF, after for example expanding, and as among the embodiment 20, mixes, and products obtained therefrom was made up before extracting from the plumule that reclaims the wet-milling.

Those of ordinary skills will appreciate that, by incorporating the use of HOF or LOF into this process grind, can make any product of traditional wet-milling.For example, these products comprise powder, animal-feed, fertilizer of thick oil, fermentation raw material, high fructose corn syrup, maize treacle, sweeting agent, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, starch, extraction etc.

Embodiment 22

Present embodiment has compared oil recovery situation between use one-level and the two-stage classification.

With two batches, every crowd about Mavera of 3 tons ^TM(Renessen S.R.L. Argentina) is fed in the Buhler-L equipment high price corn, and a collection of is to nurse one's health afterwards with 1.6% water, and a collection of without conditioning, to form HOF and LOF.The relatively large MPAD Pansifter that sieves the sieve screen apertures by 6000 microns that makes the LOF that unloads from Buhler-L.Material by screen cloth becomes little LOF.Being retained in material (residual LOF) on the screen cloth is added into Buhler-L equipment and processes.From then on the second stage HOF that step is obtained joins from the HOF that first step classification obtains.Similarly, the LOF that obtains from second stage classification step then makes up with little LOF logistics.By adding second stage classification, to compare with the single-stage classification, the percentage composition of the oil that reclaims from the HOF fraction of grain increases.The result that table 12 has compared one-level classification (not nursing one's health), two-stage classification (not nursing one's health) and two-stage classification and nursed one's health with 1.6% water.

Table 12

	% fat-LOF	The %LOF/ raw material	% fat-HOF	The %HOF/ raw material	Oil recovery
							1 grade (not having conditioning)	3.4％	80％	17.8％	20％	56％
2 grades (not having conditioning)	1.4％	64％	16％	36％	89％
						2 grades-nurse one's health with 1.6% water	1.0％	60％	14％	40％	87％

Embodiment 22

Present embodiment has been illustrated the raising that grinds efficient when the powder (described " reinforcement powder ") that contains the combination of the HOF of solvent extraction of the present invention and LOF in use is produced the feed of pelleting.

Using the production of reinforcement powder to be young fowl diet feed prepared ball, is that the ball that identical diet is prepared is compared with the yellow #2 corn of use standard, and the fat level of interpolation obtains increasing.For all diet, replace the yellow #2 corn of ground with the reinforcement powder of same weight basis.Specifically described the prescription of above-mentioned processing in the table 13.

Table 13

Handle	Contrast	Strengthen powder	Strengthen powder	Strengthen powder	Strengthen powder
						Composition	The Y#2 corn	Add 0% fat	Add 1.5 % fat	Add 2.0 % fat	Add 2.5 % fat
Corn/reinforcement powder	65.00％	65.00％	65.00％	65.00％	65.00％
						Soyflour	31.50	31.50	31.50	31.50	31.50
Soybean oil	1.50	0.00	1.50	2.00	2.50
						Wingdale	1.34	1.34	1.34	1.34	1.34
Salt	0.28	0.28	0.28	0.28	0.28
						The DL-methionine(Met)	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08
Fowl feed pre-composition **	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25

^*Pre-composition comprises the NRC as National Research Council Poultry, and general introduction satisfies or surpass required those VITAMIN and the trace minerals fill-in of bird normal growth in 1994.

In addition, use the yellow #2 Maize Production of reinforcement Semen Maydis powder or standard to be used for the ball of companion animals (companionanimal) and aquatic feeds.The example that has shown these prescriptions among the table 14-15.

Table 14

Composition	％
		Yellow #2 corn/reinforcement powder	17
The rice wheat bran	4.5
		Soyflour	32
Salt	0.5
		Lime carbonate	0.74
Fish meal	10
		Phosphoric acid one-dicalcium (Mono-Dical Phosphate)	2
The DL-methionine(Met)	0.26
		Fat	1.5
Wheat meal (wheat middling)	25
		The poultry powder	1.8
Feather meal	4
		Vitamin premix **	0.3
The trace minerals pre-composition **	0.4
		Total amount	100

^*Pre-composition comprises the NRC as National Research Council Poultry, and general introduction satisfies or surpass required those VITAMIN and the trace minerals fill-in of bird normal growth in 1994.

Table 15

Composition	％
		Yellow #2 corn/reinforcement powder	56.12
Wheat meal	5
		Digested tankage and bone meal	15
Salt	0.5
		One-dicalcium (Mono-di cal)	2.4
Corn gluten meal	9.1
		Choline CHL-60	0.08
Brewage rice (Brewer ' s Rice)	10
		Vitamin premix **	0.2
The trace element premix thing **	0.1
		Fat	1.5
Total amount	100

^*Pre-composition comprises the NRC as National Research Council Poultry, and general introduction satisfies or surpass required those VITAMIN and the trace minerals fill-in of bird normal growth in 1994.

By the HOF of solvent extraction and the combination pelleting of LOF are prepared the reinforcement powder.Obtain a large amount of 1/4 inch balls, it has the volume density (bulk density) of loose 54Kg/hl and 32% the fine powder screen cloth by #14.Proximate analysis to this product is shown in table 16.The result shows that strengthening powder compares with the yellow #2 corn of same weight, will hang down 2.0% on lipid content.

Table 16

Ash content, %	1.80
		Water content, %	11.51
The lipid acid hydrolysis, %	3.21
		Ether extract fat, %	1.55
Protein, %	8.68
		ADF，％	2.43
NDF，％	9.73
		Robust fibre, %	2.00

Before pelleting, use new hammer and 8/64 be housed " the Jacobson model P-240 30 hp hammer mills of screen cloth, to yellow #2 corn grain with strengthen powder and grind.The result is presented under the same motor load, strengthens the turnout (lbs/hr) that powder obtains 42% increase, and reduce about 30% energy expenditure (Kwh/T) when handling material per ton.These results show with yellow #2 corn and compare, and use in grinding and strengthen powder cost saving significantly.

Use method production well-known in the art to contain to strengthen powder or yellow #2 corn grain the feed ball (referring to for example Gilpin etc., Applied Engineering in Agriculture 18 (3): 331-338 (2002)).Use CPM Master HD type (Indiana) the pelleting masher forms ball for California Pellet Mill Company, Crawfordsville, and described machine is equipped with 5/32 " * 1.25 " mould.The conditioning temperature is held constant at 180  (80 ℃).Raw material turn speed (feed screw rate) is held constant at per minute 8.8 changes (rpm).Volt/the amperometer of record is attached to pelleting and grinds on the CD-ROM drive motor, and is handling recording voltage in service and ampere load and calculating its mean value (averaged).

As Feed Manufacturing Technology IV, American Feed Industry Association, (1994)Appendix E (551-552 page or leaf) and appendix F (the 558th page) described in measure the pelleting quality.Include 5 by the jar that makes cylinder ^1/2" hex-nut and realize more improved than aforesaid standard P DI test, more accurate version (improved PDI).

The result shows all pelleting prescriptions, no matter its oil-containing level compared with the control, all produces the pelleting quality that improves basically.For example, result's demonstration of improved PDI test is compared with 83% of the yellow #2 corn of contrast, and all reinforcement powder are handled the value (table 17) that has greater than 90%.Test has before shown the ball of the oil with equal level, and parchment corn (shell corn) for example has and is not more than 85% improved PDI and leads.

Table 17

	Contrast (Y# 2)	Add the reinforcement powder of 0% fat	Add the reinforcement powder of 1.5% fat	Add the reinforcement powder of 2.0% fat	Add the reinforcement powder of 2.5% fat
						Standard P DI	87.55	97.40	95.44	94.72	92.88
Improve PDI	83.26	96.80	94.52	93.30	90.80

With regard to productive rate (lb/hr), the result is presented at does not have significant difference (table 18) in the processing.Yet, use in (Kwh/T) at reinforcement powder that does not add fat and the relative energy between all other diet, have significant difference (table 19).The result can expect thus, owing to the low oil content of strengthening powder lacks lubricant effect, will cause the friction aggravation of mould and cylinder.

The result of these researchs shows that with regard to productive rate, energy expenditure and ball quality, the reinforcement powder that has added 2.5% fat level will be the optimum formula of young fowl feed ball.For aquatic products and companion animals (companion animal) feed, also can see similar result.

Table 18

Handle

Powder is strengthened in contrast (yellow #2 corn)

lbs/hr	3760	5326
			T/hr	1.88	2.66
Kwh/T	4.90	3.41
			T/Kwh	408	586
Granularity (micron)	606	638
			Particle (standard deviation)	2.12	2.08

Table 19

Handle

Add 0% fat and add 1.5% interpolation, 2.0% interpolation 2.5%

The strong fat of the strong fat of the reinforcement fat of reaction #2YC fat strong

Corn efflorescence Semen Maydis powder corn efflorescence Semen Maydis powder

Productive rate (lb/hr)	1889.59	1848.42	1853.93	1823.33	1890.16
						Kwh/T	11.3	13.0	11.8	11.83	11.37
Concentration (Kg/hL)	52.2	55.4	54.9	53.09	52.31

Unless otherwise defined, the common understanding of those of ordinary skill of the technical field under employed all technology of this paper and scientific terminology and shortenings and the present invention has same implication.Though can be used in the practice of the present invention suitable method and material being described below itself and the invention described herein that do not meant that any described method and materials limitations to method and material similar or that be equal to described herein.All patent disclosures and the official's analytical procedure mentioned herein are incorporated herein by reference in full at this.From the specification sheets of illustrative embodiment of the present invention and Accessory Right claim, can find out additional feature and advantage of the present invention significantly.

The reference that all this paper quote comprises that public publication, patent application and patent are introduced into as a reference here, and it is quoted degree and shows individually and clearly being introduced into as a reference as every piece of reference, and it is listed in full.

The term " a " that in the context of describing invention, uses and " an " and " the " and similar object (especially in ensuing claims), can be interpreted as comprising odd number and plural number, unless indicate in addition in this article, or obvious and context conflict.Unless indicate in addition in this article, the numerical range that this paper enumerates only is for as referring to the shorthand way that drops on each the independent numerical value in this scope separately, and each independent numerical value all is introduced into specification sheets, as independent enumerating in this article.All can realize method described herein with any suitable order, unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise obvious and context conflict.Any and all embodiment used herein, or exemplary language (for example " such as "), all only be in order to illustrate the present invention better, not constitute limitation of the scope of the invention, Unless Otherwise Requested.Can not become the linguistic interpretation in the specification sheets the same and indicate any non-claim key element with enforcement essence of the present invention.

This paper has described the preferred embodiment of the invention, comprises enforcement known for inventor optimal mode of the present invention.Certainly, these preferred embodiments on the basis of reading above-mentioned specification sheets, can change to those skilled in the art apparently.The contriver wishes that those of skill in the art understand implementing these versions, and the contriver attempts to implement the present invention with other form outside particular form described herein.Therefore, under the permission of applicable law, the present invention includes all improvement and the equivalent way of the theme of appended claim narration.And above-described key element all contains within the scope of the invention with the arbitrary combination of its all possible variation pattern, unless otherwise indicated herein, or clearly contradicted by context in addition.

Claims (71)

1, a kind of method of separating the complete corn grain of high oil corn, comprise: will have about 8 weight % to the water content ranges of about 22 weight % and have endosperm fraction and the complete corn grain of the high oil corn of germ fraction, be classified as high oily fraction and low oily fraction, wherein, high oily fraction has the oil-contg higher than corn grain, and low oily fraction has the oil-contg lower than corn grain.

2, the process of claim 1 wherein that classification comprises that complete corn grain is sieved with grinding to be contacted, thereby at least a portion germ fraction of corn grain is separated with at least a portion rest part of corn grain.

3, the method for claim 2, wherein classification comprises the complete corn grain process Buhler L machine that makes, other means that Satake removes the wheat bran machine or described corn grain is contacted with equipment, thus from least a portion corn grain rest part, remove at least a portion germ fraction of corn grain.

4, the method for claim 1 comprises that further described low oily fraction is separated into the big and smaller piece of low oily fraction and will hang down oily fraction relatively large is classified into the second stage oily fraction of height and oily fraction is hanged down in the second stage; And, randomly, with high oily fraction in the second stage and high oily fraction combination; And, randomly, with low oily fraction in the second stage and low oily fraction combination.

5, a kind of method of separating the complete corn grain of high oil corn comprises:

A) the complete corn grain of high oil corn is broken into the broken corn piece of at least two kinds of different sizes, the complete corn grain of described high oil corn has the water content ranges from about 8 weight % to about 22 weight %, and has endosperm fraction and germ fraction; And randomly, further the broken corn piece of a part is become at least two kinds of fractions according to its apart; With

B) corn of fragmentation or the bigger broken corn block-grading of optionally separating are become high oily fraction and low oily fraction, wherein, the oily fraction of described height has the oil-contg higher than corn grain, and low oily fraction has the oil-contg lower than corn grain.

6, the method for claim 5 further comprises low oily fraction is separated into the bigger and less fragment of low oily fraction, and the fragment greatly that will hang down oily fraction is classified into the high oily fraction of second stage fragmentation and the low oily fraction of second stage fragmentation; And randomly, high oily fraction and the high oily fraction with second stage fragmentation makes up; Randomly, low oily fraction and the low oily fraction with second stage fragmentation makes up.

7, the method for claim 1 further comprises at a certain temperature described corn grain conditioning time enough, with the differential hardness of the rest part that increases germ fraction and corn grain.

8, the method for claim 5 further comprises at a certain temperature described broken corn piece conditioning time enough, with the differential hardness of the rest part that increases germ fraction and broken corn piece.

9, claim 1,4,5 or 6 method further comprises from the high oily fraction of the high oily fraction of a part, the high oily fraction in the second stage, fragmentation, or extract oil in the bigger fragment of second stage oil fraction, thereby produces the Semen Maydis oil of extraction and the Semen Maydis powder of extraction.

10, the method for claim 9 further comprise the high oily fraction that makes the high oily fraction of a part, the high oily fraction in the second stage, fragmentation, or the bigger fragment of second stage oil fraction forms the structure that useable solvents is extracted.

11, the method for claim 10, wherein said formation comprise one or more in extruding, expansion, squeezing, pelleting or the enzyme processing.

12, the method for claim 11 further comprises from the structure that a part of useable solvents is extracted and uses solvent extraction oil, with the Semen Maydis oil of production extraction and the Semen Maydis powder of extraction.

13, the method for claim 11 further comprises the Semen Maydis powder of part extraction or the Semen Maydis oil of extraction is removed solvent.

14, the method for claim 5 comprises that further the broken corn piece that aspirates a part of reduced size is to remove wheat bran.

15, the method for claim 5 comprises that the broken corn piece with a part of large-size rolls embryo, rolls the corn of the fragmentation of embryo with production.

16, the method for claim 5 comprises that further the broken corn piece with a part of large-size grinds, to produce the corn of the fragmentation through grinding.

17, the method for claim 15 further comprises from a part is rolled the corn material of fragmentation of embryo and uses solvent extraction oil, to produce the Semen Maydis oil that extracts and the Semen Maydis powder of extraction.

18, the method for claim 16 further comprises the corn material of the fragmentation of grinding from a part and use solvent extraction oil, with the Semen Maydis oil of producing extraction and the Semen Maydis powder of extraction.

19, the method for claim 16 comprises that further the corn material of the fragmentation that makes part grinding forms the structure that useable solvents is extracted.

20, the method for claim 16, comprise that further the corn of the fragmentation that a part is ground and claim 5 or the high oily fraction combination of 6 described parts are to form first composition material, and, randomly, make a part of first composition material form the structure that a kind of useable solvents is extracted.

21, claim 19 or 20 method wherein form structure that useable solvents extracts and comprise in handling one or more of extruding, expansion, squeezing, pelleting or enzyme.

22, the method for claim 21 further comprises from the structure that a part of useable solvents of first composition material is extracted and uses solvent extraction oil, with the Semen Maydis oil of production extraction and the Semen Maydis powder of extraction.

23, the method for claim 20 further comprises with a part of first composition material and the corn material combination of rolling embryo with the part that the described method of claim 15 is produced, to form second composition material.

24, the method for claim 23 further comprises with solvent extract oil from a part of second composition material, with the Semen Maydis oil of production extraction and the Semen Maydis powder of extraction.

25, the method for claim 15 further comprises a part is rolled the corn of fragmentation of embryo and the part combination of the high oily fractions of producing by claim 5 or 6, to form the 3rd composition material.

26, the method for claim 25 further comprises with solvent extract oil from the 3rd composition material, with the Semen Maydis oil of production extraction and the Semen Maydis powder of extraction.

27, each method in the claim 9,12,17,18,22,24 or 26 further comprises from the Semen Maydis powder that a part is extracted and removes solvent.

28, claim 1, each method in 4,5 or 6 further comprises and uses the raw material of the low oily fraction of a part as fermentation, corn wet milling, food, pet food or other technology.

29, the method for claim 27 further comprises the raw material of the powder of the extraction of using a part to remove solvent as fermentation, corn wet milling, food, pet food or other technology.

30, the method for claim 12, wherein said solvent comprises the carbonic acid gas from zymotechnique.

31, claim 1, each method in 4,5 or 6 further comprises and uses the raw material of the high oily fraction of a part as fermentation, food, pet food or other technology.

32, the method for claim 14 comprises that further the wheat bran that uses part removal is as the raw material that extracts.

33, the method for claim 32 further comprises and extract a part of plant sterol from the wheat bran raw material.

34, the method for the efficient of the animal-feed of raising pelleting quality or raising production pelleting comprises that the powder with pelleting of the present invention replaces yellow #2 corn.

35, a kind of method of separating corn grain comprises:

Have water content ranges and have endosperm fraction and the corn grain of germ fraction at least a from about 8 weight % to about 22 weight %, be classified as high oily fraction and low oily fraction, wherein, low oily fraction has the oil-contg lower than corn grain, and high oily fraction has the oil-contg higher than corn grain, and wherein to be less than 50% plumule in the oily fraction of height be complete.

36, the method for claim 35 further comprises the low oily fraction of at least a portion is used for being selected from one or more of the group that is made of fermentation, wet-milling, animal-feed production, sweeting agent production and Starch Production.

37, the method for claim 35 further comprises the high oily fraction of at least a portion is used for being selected from one or more of the group that is made of fermentation, oily production, wet-milling, animal-feed production, sweeting agent production and Starch Production.

38, according to the method for claim 35, wherein said classification is to use machinery to go the wheat bran machine to finish.

39,, further comprise making the high oily fraction of a part form the structure that useable solvents is extracted according to the method for claim 35.

40, the method for claim 39, wherein formation comprises one or more in extruding, expansion, squeezing, pelleting or the enzyme processing.

41, the method for claim 40 further comprises with solvent extract oil from the structure that a part of useable solvents is extracted, with the Semen Maydis oil of production extraction and the Semen Maydis powder of extraction.

42, the method for claim 41 further comprises the fermentation of corn starch that a part is extracted.

43, the powder product of each extraction in the aforementioned claim.

44, each low oil or high oily fraction in the aforementioned claim.

45, the structure that each useable solvents is extracted in the aforementioned claim.

46, first composition material of claim 20.

47, second composition material of claim 23.

48, the 3rd composition material of claim 25.

49, the wheat bran of the suction of claim 14.

50, the Semen Maydis oil of each extraction in the aforementioned claim.

51, the powder of the extraction of each removal solvent in the aforementioned claim.

52, the Semen Maydis oil of the extraction of each removal solvent in the aforementioned claim.

53, human food prods or animal-feed, it contains the powder of each extraction in the aforementioned claim, the oil or the low oily fraction of extraction.

54, the biofuel that contains the Semen Maydis oil of each extraction in the aforementioned claim.

55, based on the product that ferments, each high oily fraction production in each low oily fraction or the aforementioned claim in its powder product, the aforementioned claim by each extraction in the aforementioned claim

56, the animal-feed of claim 53, wherein said animal-feed are pig feed, poultry feed, incubation poultry feed, ox feed, horse feed, milk cow, aquatic feeds or feed for pet.

57, the animal-feed of claim 53, described animal-feed is by pelleting.

58, a kind of Semen Maydis oil that contains in the aforementioned claim each contain the Semen Maydis oil product, wherein said Semen Maydis oil comprises: the oil that extracts from maize germ and endosperm at least; With other component of extracting at least a endosperm, bud hat or the pericarp one or more from corn.

59, the product that contains Semen Maydis oil of claim 58, described Semen Maydis oil comprises: the oil that extracts from the plumule of corn and endosperm; With one or more the component at least a endosperm that is selected from corn, bud hat or the pericarp, wherein said component is selected from the group of being made up of carotene, pigment, tocotrienols, tocopherol, antioxidant, liposoluble vitamin and sterol.

60, claim 58 contain the Semen Maydis oil product, further comprise one or more materials that are selected from the group of forming by Semen Maydis oil, soybean oil, Canola Oil, sweet oil, plam oil, sunflower seed oil, safflower oil, antioxidant, seasonings, winterized stearin, partial hydrogenation oil and the animal tallow of routine.

61, each method in the claim 9,12,17,18,22,24 or 26, wherein said method further comprise Semen Maydis oil are included in step in the feedstream of oil refining process.

62, each method in the claim 9,12,17,18,22,24 or 26 further comprises refined maize oil.

63, low oily fraction of producing or the biodegradable product made by the combination of the Semen Maydis powder of the extraction of production like this and low oily fraction by the Semen Maydis powder of the extraction of producing, by each method in the aforementioned claim by each method in the aforementioned claim.

64, the biodegradable product of claim 63, the Semen Maydis powder of wherein said extraction is handled with organic solvent.

65, the biodegradable product of claim 64, the Semen Maydis powder of wherein said extraction is further handled with linking agent.

66, contain the Semen Maydis powder of the extraction of producing, the low oily fraction that obtains by each method in the aforementioned claim or the paper product of the composition of the Semen Maydis powder of the extraction of so producing and low oily fraction by each method in the aforementioned claim.

67, a kind of method of producing based on the product of fermentation comprises:

(a) with enzyme, water, by the Semen Maydis powder of the extraction of each method production in the aforementioned claim, by the low oily fraction of each method production in the aforementioned claim, or the Semen Maydis powder of the extraction of so producing makes up with the combination of hanging down oily fraction;

(b) with this composite thermal insulation; And

(c) will make up and the microorganism that can fermenting carbon source produces based on the product of fermentation mixes.

68, each method in the claim 11,17,18,22,24 or 26, wherein said extraction are to use successive solvent extraction process to finish by extraction Semen Maydis oil.

69, form the method for the powder mix that extracts, described powder mix comprises the powder of the extraction that is obtained by corn and other oil seed powder of one or more extractions, and described method comprises:

(a) with the powder of extraction and other oil seed powder combination of one or more extractions, to form powder mix, the powder of wherein said extraction prepares by corn material being classified into high oily fraction and hanging down oily fraction;

(b) the high oily fraction of at least a portion is separated from low oily fraction;

(c) make high oily fraction form the structure that useable solvents is extracted; And,

(d) extract described oil to produce the powder that extracts.

70, the method for claim 69 further comprises low oily fraction is added in the powder mix of the powder of extraction or extraction.

71, according to the method for claim 69, described one or more plant other oilseeds and be selected from the group of forming by soybean, canola, sunflower seeds, Semen Brassicae campestris and cottonseed.

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