CN1969112B - Independent combustion chamber-type internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Independent combustion chamber-type internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1969112B CN1969112B CN200580019160XA CN200580019160A CN1969112B CN 1969112 B CN1969112 B CN 1969112B CN 200580019160X A CN200580019160X A CN 200580019160XA CN 200580019160 A CN200580019160 A CN 200580019160A CN 1969112 B CN1969112 B CN 1969112B
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 231
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 8
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 206010003504 Aspiration Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/02—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers the chamber being periodically isolated from its cylinder
- F02B19/04—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers the chamber being periodically isolated from its cylinder the isolation being effected by a protuberance on piston or cylinder head
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
- F02B19/18—Transfer passages between chamber and cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
- F02D15/04—Varying compression ratio by alteration of volume of compression space without changing piston stroke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
- F02B2053/005—Wankel engines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is directed to an internal combustion engine for making suction, compression, explosion, expansion and exhaust strokes in an operating chamber of variable volume defined between a housing and a piston. The internal combustion engine includes: an independent combustion chamber of fixed volume, formed in the housing and provided with a fuel supply device, for independently producing combustion therein; at least one communication passage for communicating the combustion chamber with the operating chamber of variable volume; and a control valve for allowing introduction of compressed air from the operating chamber into the combustion chamber and providing injection of combustion gas from the combustion chamber into the operating chamber at specified timing after top dead center of a compression stroke; and the control valve configured to close the communication passage within a predetermined range, thereby producing main combustion in the combustion chamber without communication with the operating chamber, wherein the predetermined range is a range of 20 to 30 degrees from near the top dead center of the compression stroke to after the top dead center and includes a fuel injection timing and the top dead center of the fuel supply device.
Description
Technical field
The application is usually directed to a kind of internal-combustion engine, particularly a kind of high pressure, independent combustion chamber-type internal combustion engine.
Background technique
Usually, internal-combustion engine is categorized as spark-ignition internal combustion engine (Otto circulation engine) and compression-ignition engine (diesel-cycle internal combustion machine) generally.Spark-ignition internal combustion engine is configured in the mixture that sucks air and fuel as compression in the operating room of firing chamber, then with air-fuel mixture with spark ignitor with the described air-fuel mixture that burns.On the other hand, compression-ignition engine is configured to inject fuel in the air, and described air is elevated to high temperature by compression, fires and the described fuel that burns with the focus by compression.
Patent documentation 1: disclose Japanese patent application No.2004-211633
Summary of the invention
The thermal efficiency of the internal-combustion engine of the above-mentioned type mainly depends on their compression ratio.With regard to this respect, the compression-ignition engine of high compression is provided more, has been that the diesel-cycle internal combustion facility have the higher thermal efficiency and fuel efficiency more favourable.Especially, in spark-ignition internal combustion engine, because the possibility of so-called pinking (knocking), particularly advance-spark knock may take place, compression ratio can not too increase, and in fact is arranged on about 10-12.The diesel that compression ratio can be set to 22-23 correspondingly has the higher thermal efficiency.
But, also be in diesel, may be called the phenomenon of detonation of diesel knock, although from spark-ignited internal combustion engine, described diesel has different generating mechanisms.In either case, these advance-spark knocks and diesel knock phenomenon cause the mixture of air-fuel to burn on the velocity of combustion near blast rather than burning, produce high shock wave thus.
Described shock wave may cause the fatal damage to transmitter, for example piston ring breakage or piston fracture itself.Therefore, no matter they are spark-ignition internal combustion engine or compression-ignition engine, promptly no matter the engine ignition type and since pinking may reason to the possibility that sends the motivation infringement under, there is restriction in traditional motor for the compression ratio that increases them.
The present invention is because above-mentioned point and making, and purpose provides a kind of internal-combustion engine, and described internal-combustion engine is realized high compression ratio, and can be owing to pinking causes any damage to engine components.
To achieve these goals, first solution of the present invention relates to a kind of internal-combustion engine, be used for allowing the operating room of the variable-volume that suction, compression, blast, expansion and exhaust stroke limit between housing and piston carry out, described internal-combustion engine comprises: the independent combustion chamber of fixed volume, described firing chamber is formed in the described housing and is provided with fuel supplying device, is used for producing independently therein burning; At least one communication passage is used for the operating room of independent combustion chamber and changeable volume is communicated with; And control valve, be used for allowing and will be incorporated into independent combustion chamber, and provide and will regularly be ejected into spraying in the operating room in the place of putting from the regulation of combustion gas after the upper dead center of compression stroke of independent combustion chamber from the pressurized air of operating room.Described control valve is arranged to and closes communication passage in prespecified range, in independent combustion chamber, to produce main burning thus, and is not communicated with operating room, wherein prespecified range is regularly to put and upper dead center near 20 combustion jets of spending-30 scopes of spending and comprising fuel supplying device to its upper dead center the upper dead center of compression stroke.
According to first solution of the present invention, the main burning in the independent combustion chamber produces independently with the independent combustion chamber of isolating from operating room.Therefore, even because the caused malcombustion of early stage igniting takes place in being arranged at the independent combustion chamber of high compression ratio, because the shock wave that abnormal burning caused acts directly within the independent combustion chamber, do not act directly on the surface of the piston that limits operating room.Like this, the pressure of the combustion gas in the independent combustion chamber becomes in independent combustion chamber smoothly, and combustion gas are ejected in the operating room in predetermined timing.Although high-pressure combustion gas acts on the surface of piston, because the caused shock wave of cause of pinking does not act directly on it, for example described piston and the fracture that is connected to the parts of piston have been avoided to piston and the damage that is connected to the part of piston thus.Therefore, can realize high compression ratio, improve compression efficiency thus significantly.When gasoline acts as a fuel, can use low octane gasoline.When using light oil or heavy oil to act as a fuel, do not need to regulate the cetane rating value.
In second solution of the present invention, communication passage is single communication passage.Use described structure, can simplify structure around independent combustion chamber.
The 3rd solution of the present invention relates to the internal-combustion engine of first scheme, the communication passage that wherein is used for each described independent combustion chamber comprises: first communication passage and second communication passage, described first communication passage and second communication passage are communicated with described independent combustion chamber, and described first communication passage is provided with permission is ejected into operating room in predetermined timing from the combustion gas of independent combustion chamber first control valve; And second communication passage be provided with the working gas that allows compression and flow into second control valve of operating room from the combustion gas that operating room flows to the independent combustion chamber and independent combustion chamber is flowed out in restriction.Use this structure, will be incorporated into independent combustion chamber from the pressurized gas of operating room and will be ejected into operating room from the combustion gas of independent combustion chamber and can control independently of one another, this makes combustion efficiency higher.
The 4th solution of the present invention relates to the internal-combustion engine of the 3rd solution, and wherein first control valve is configured as the auxiliary piston that is formed on the piston reciprocal in the described housing.Use this structure, spray from the timing of the combustion gas of independent combustion chamber according to the to-and-fro motion of piston, control by the auxiliary piston that is formed on the described piston.Therefore, engine structure is compared and can be simplified with using electronic control.In the of the present invention the 5th and the 6th solution, the independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine comprises reciprocating internal combustion engine and rotary combustion engine respectively.Use these structures, no matter employed type can provide high efficiency internal-combustion engine.
The 7th solution of the present invention relates to arbitrary internal-combustion engine in first to the 6th solution, wherein the number of the described independent combustion chamber of every cylinder is a plurality of, and the number of the operation firing chamber of the described independent combustion chamber of every cylinder changes according to the operational condition of motor.Use this structure, independent combustion chamber can according to the operational condition (being engine load) of internal-combustion engine by use described firing chamber, on the whole operation scope of internal-combustion engine, under condition of high voltage, use, the independent combustion chamber of the peanut in the inefficient light load condition of fills with air for example, and in heavy load conditions, use all independent combustion chambers.Therefore, combustion efficiency can improve on whole power operation scope.
The 8th solution of the present invention relates to arbitrary internal-combustion engine in first to the 7th solution, wherein, independent combustion chamber comprises the independent combustion chamber than the number lesser number of cylinder, and each described independent combustion chamber is configured to the main burning that generation is used for a plurality of described cylinders alternatively.Use described structure, the number of independent combustion chamber can reduce, and helps the simplification of engine structure and size to reduce thus.
The 9th solution of the present invention relates to arbitrary internal-combustion engine in first to the 8th solution, and wherein, independent combustion chamber is connected to pressurized machine (super charger).Use described structure, the pressure of independent combustion chamber, that is, effective compression ratio can increase, and high combustion efficiency is provided thus.
The tenth solution of the present invention relates to the internal-combustion engine of the 9th solution, and wherein said pressurized machine is in a plurality of cylinders in the internal-combustion engine of many cylinder configurations.Use described structure, do not need to use special pressurized machine, described pressurized machine makes that parts are shared and then provides cost to reduce.
The 11 solution of the present invention relates to arbitrary internal-combustion engine in first to the tenth solution, and wherein, described independent combustion chamber is spherical shape substantially.Use described structure, main burning can produce than keeping less with so-called S/V.Therefore, different with traditional internal-combustion engine is, not only combustion efficiency can increase and also since the malcombustion that the cause of tail gas produces can avoid.
The 12 solution of the present invention relates to arbitrary internal-combustion engine in the first to the 11 solution, and wherein, independent combustion chamber also comprises water jet device except fuel supplying device.Use described structure, spraying by water to increase ratio of specific heat.Therefore, can further activate burning.In addition, can limit the undue increase of combustion temperature, limit the generation of nitrogen oxide thus.
Can see from above, the invention provides high compression ratio, high efficiency internal combustion engine, and can not cause any damage to engine components because of pinking.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view according to the independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the view that the arrow line a-a along Fig. 1 is got.
Fig. 3 is the view that the arrow line b-c along Fig. 2 is got.
Fig. 4 has shown the certain operations stroke according to first embodiment's motor.
Fig. 5 has shown other operative strokes according to first embodiment's motor.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 has shown the certain operations stroke according to second embodiment's motor.
Fig. 8 has shown other operative strokes according to second embodiment's motor.
Fig. 9 is the sectional view of the independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention.
Figure 10 is the part zoomed-in view of Fig. 9.
Figure 11 is the part zoomed-in view of Fig. 9.
The sectional view of the independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine of Figure 12 a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention.
The sectional view of Figure 13 independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
The sectional view of Figure 14 independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
The sectional view of Figure 15 independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine according to a seventh embodiment of the invention.
1: independent combustion chamber
2: piston
3: control valve
4: housing
6: fuel supplying device
7: operating room
11: communication passage (first communication passage)
12: communication passage (second communication passage)
13: control valve (second control valve)
Embodiment
As below will describing in detail, embodiments of the invention are the internal-combustion engines that are used for allowing the operating room of the variable-volume that suction, compression, blast, expansion and exhaust stroke limit between housing and piston carry out.Described internal-combustion engine comprises: the independent combustion chamber of fixed volume, described firing chamber are formed in the described housing and are provided with fuel supplying device, are used for producing independently therein main burning; At least one communication passage is used for the operating room of independent combustion chamber and changeable volume is communicated with; And control valve, be used for allowing and be incorporated into independent combustion chamber from the pressurized air of operating room, and provide with from predetermined timing after the upper dead center of compression stroke of the combustion gas of independent combustion chamber, be ejected in the operating room, wherein independent combustion chamber is configured to and independently produces main burning and be not communicated with described operating room.
(first embodiment)
The independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine that is presented at first embodiment among Fig. 1,2 is so-called reciprocating internal combustion engine, carries out in the operating room 7 of the variable-volume that the suction of wherein said internal-combustion engine, compression, blast, expansion and exhaust stroke limit between housing 4 and reciprocating piston 2.Internal-combustion engine comprises: be arranged on the independent combustion chamber 1 in the housing 4 independently; Two communication passage 11,12 are used for independent combustion chamber 1 is communicated with variable-volume operating room 7; With first, second control valve 3,13, be used for controlling respectively the connected state of communication passage 11,12.
First, second communication passage 11,12 will be limited to piston head 21 and be communicated with independent combustion chamber 1 as the internal surface of the cylinder 41 of housing 4.First communication passage 11 is formed with opening axially in independent combustion chamber 1, and second communication passage 12 is formed with along being formed into wherein with the tangent direction opening of the shape of independent combustion chamber 1.
Below with reference to Fig. 4,5 (shown from stroke 1 to stroke 12) operation according to the independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine of the first embodiment of the present invention is described.
At first, under the state of stroke 1, piston 2 is in the minimum position, and air is filled into whole volume by inhalation port 8 with operating room 7.Under this state, auxiliary piston 3 also is in minimum position with piston, and second control valve 13 is closed.Therefore, independent combustion chamber 1 and operating room 7 communicate with each other by first communication passage 11.Motor from this state-transition to compression stroke.
In stroke 2, the angle of swing θ of piston rod is near one 45 degree (45 degree before the upper dead center of compression stroke), and this moment, motor was in the process of compression stroke.The air of padding chamber is compressed and is incorporated in the independent combustion chamber 1 by first communication passage 11, and the interior pressure of independent combustion chamber 1 increases gradually thus.
In stroke 3, close-30 degree of the angle of swing θ of piston rod, herein, along with piston 2 moves upward, auxiliary piston 3 beginnings are near first communication passage 11.Simultaneously, the air of padding chamber 7 is opened second control valve 13 and is incorporated in the independent combustion chamber 1 by second communication passage 12 thus.
In stroke 4, close-15 degree of the angle of swing θ of piston rod, herein, motor is near the final stage of compression stroke, and the interior pressure of independent combustion chamber 1 reaches high pressure.
In stroke 5, close-10 degree of the angle of swing θ of piston rod, herein, motor just arrives before the final stage of compression stroke, and second control valve 13 closes, and the inside with independent combustion chamber 1 is under high pressure, the high temperature condition thus.Second control valve 13 among this embodiment is configured to force to close at this moment.
In stroke 6,7, when close 0 degree (upper dead center of compression stroke) of the angle of swing θ of piston rod, fuel sprays from fuel injection nozzle 6, and causes knocking fuel, mixes with high temperature air simultaneously.In this case, from the injection dispersedly as traditional diesel of fuel of fuel injection nozzle, but be configured to concentrate and the amount of spraying necessity immediately.Therefore, the interior pressure of independent combustion chamber 1 is along with the generation of shock wave is risen rapidly.Such knocking fuel with shock wave occurs in the independent combustion chamber 1 independently and described shock wave do not act directly on limit operating room 7 and for example Sealing gas on piston 2 partly.
In stroke 8, the angle of swing θ of piston rod is close+15 degree, herein, operating room is converted to expansion stroke.Operating room 7 increases its volume gradually from the upper dead center of compression stroke, and begins to reduce to press in it.Under this state, independent combustion chamber 1 produces burning independently and is not communicated with described operating room 7, and during this period, the initial shock wave that produces is subjected to damping.In addition because explosion pressure can be kept, although angle of swing changes, burning take place more early, the more morning that fuel can burn, even when relatively large, and the inside of independent combustion chamber can keep high-temperature and high-pressure conditions up to opening described communication passage 11.This thermal equilibrium of burning proceeds to the piston rod angle of swing θ that close+20 are spent.
In stroke 9,10 and 11, when the angle of swing θ of piston rod be+30 to+60 when spending, first communication passage 11 is opened when the moving downward of the auxiliary piston 3 of the downward motion that relates to piston 2.The high-pressure combustion gas that causes in the independent combustion chamber 1 of opening of first communication passage 11 is ejected in the operating room 7 immediately, and gas pressure moves down piston 2 like this.In this case, owing to carry out by being injected in the relatively short time cycle of combustion gas of first communication passage 11, the pressure change in the operating room 7 has shown as the rapid change in the Otto circulation.Therefore,, combine with the efficient of increase under the high compression ratio if fuel injection timing suitably is provided with, this provide to because Otto circuit cause efficient similar, that increase.
In stroke 12, the angle of swing θ of piston rod is approaching ± 180 degree, at this place, piston has reached lower dead centre, expansion stroke end like this.Further, exhaust port 9 is opened, and motor is converted to discharge stroke like this.
(second embodiment)
Then, the second embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 6 has been described.Discern and do not provide its detailed explanation with part identical in the first portion with identical reference number with corresponding part.
According to as shown in Figure 6 second embodiment's independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine is the internal-combustion engine that carries out in the operating room 4 of the wherein variable-volume that limits between housing 4 and piston 2 of its suction, compression, blast, expansion and exhaust stroke.Internal-combustion engine comprises: independent combustion chamber 1, and described independent combustion chamber 1 has fixing volume, is formed in the described housing 4, and is provided with fuel supplying device 6, is used for producing independently therein burning; Single communication passage 11 is used for independent combustion chamber 1 is communicated with the operating room 7 of variable-volume; With control valve 3, be used for allowing will being incorporated into independent combustion chamber 1 from the pressurized air of operating room 7 and providing the combustion gas from independent combustion chamber 1 are ejected into operating room 7 in predetermined timing, wherein independent combustion chamber 1 is configured to the main burning of generation independently and is not communicated with operating room 7.
Although the independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine among first embodiment has utilized two communication passage, independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine among second embodiment is characterised in that, single communication passage 11 is communicated with operating room with independent combustion chamber 1, above-mentioned main burning in the independent combustion chamber 1 produces by the single control valve 3 that is arranged on single communication passage 11 places, and the pressurized gas that obtain under high compression rate are incorporated in the operating room 7 in predetermined timing.Communication passage 11 along with the tangent direction opening of the shape of single communication passage 11 to independent combustion chamber 1, when introducing pressurized air, in independent combustion chamber 1, to produce whirlpool.Communication passage 11 has the control valve 3 that is provided with near its operating room side opening.Regularly similar to the opening and closing as the auxiliary piston 3 of first control valve 3 among first embodiment, described control valve 3 is configured to 15 spending 30 degree after its upper dead center and close, and 30 open outside spending after the dead point before the upper dead center of compression stroke thereon.Similar to second control valve 13 among first embodiment, control valve 3 comprises valve element 3a and valve rod 3b, and has the pressure receiving surface of the boundary that is formed between them, during with the burning of thereon combustion gas, promotes described valve element 3a towards valve seat.Therefore, because second embodiment's independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine has the communication passage of lesser number than first embodiment, and the control valve of lesser number, its structure can correspondingly be simplified.In this embodiment, fuel injection nozzle but also be provided with water jet nozzles 61 not only.By ejecting water in the independent combustion chamber, can reduce combustion temperature, help to reduce nitrogen oxide thus.
As shown in Fig. 6,7, has identical with 12 strokes among the first embodiment substantially stroke operation of independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine said structure, second embodiment.
(the 3rd embodiment)
According to the independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine that is presented at the third embodiment of the present invention among Fig. 9-11 is to be applied to rotary combustion engine, and such with first and second embodiments, and efficient independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine is provided.Fig. 9 relates to a kind of self ignition rotary combustion engine, and described internal-combustion engine is an independent burning chamber internal-combustion engine of the present invention.Described rotary combustion engine comprises: rotor housing 4, and described rotor housing 4 has the trochoid inner peripheral surface; With triangular rotor 2, described triangular rotor 2 is used for the piston of planet rotation as the inner peripheral surface along described housing 4.
Three independent operating room 7a, 7b, 7c are limited between rotor housing 4 and the rotor 2.Each operating room is along with the rotation of rotor 2 changes its volume, initially the air from the upper dead center of aspiration stroke sucks, lower dead centre in aspiration stroke reaches maximum volume, reduces its volume gradually from described lower dead centre, and reaches minimum volume at the top dead center of compression stroke.Like this, each operating room changes its volume by the planet rotation along with rotor 2 and repeats described suction, compression, blast, expansion and exhaust stroke, and the conduct of the power of its generation is taken out by the driving force of the eccentric shaft 5 of output shaft.
Each summit of rotor 2 is respectively equipped with summit Sealing 2a, 2b, 2c, and each of described summit Sealing 2a, 2b, 2c is sealed between the adjacent operating room.Eccentric shaft 5 has eccentric part 5a, and described eccentric part 5a supports described rotor 2 pivotly.The side-play amount of eccentric shaft 5 is set up, and described like this eccentric shaft 5 whenever turns around for rotor 2 and rotates 3 circles.
First communication passage 11 is provided with first control valve 3, and described first control valve 3 is electronic or mechanically control to close before the fuel injection timing of fuel injection nozzle 6 and to open (for example 20-30 degree after the upper dead center in compression stroke) in specific timing place near the upper dead center of compression stroke.First control valve 3 is used to allow the main burning of independent combustion chamber 1 generation to turn off from described operating room 7 simultaneously.Even the malcombustion of for example early stage igniting occurs in the independent combustion chamber 1, its firing pressure does not act directly on the rotor surface and is sealed within the independent combustion chamber 1 up to specific timing.As shown in the zoomed-in view of Figure 10, first control valve 3 comprises valve element 3a and valve rod 3b, and described valve element 3a can be coupled on the valve seat 3c.The cylindrical portion 3d of the far-end of valve element 3a is configured in the operating room side opening that hover ground is coupled to first communication passage 3, and the end of cylindrical portion 3d is placed the inner peripheral surface of as close as possible trochoid.If the end of cylindrical portion 3d is placed in the outside of trochoid inner peripheral surface, in described opening, produce dead volume, this causes pressure to escape into adjacent operating room during the summit Sealing passes through.Therefore, dead volume need reduce as much as possible.
Have said structure, independent combustion chamber orbital internal combustion machine operation of the present invention is as follows.
Three operating room 7a, the 7b that inner peripheral surface and rotor-side surface (flank surface) by rotor housing 4 limited, 7c keep airtight by summit Sealing 2a, 2b and the 2c at the place, summit of rotor 2 between the operating room of each phase adjacency pair.Along with the rotation of rotor 2, each operating room changes its volume independently, and aspirate, compress, blast, expansion and exhaust stroke.
In the state of Fig. 9, operating room 2a is communicated with inhalation port 8 and is in the starting stage of aspiration stroke.The rotation of rotor 2 is advanced from this state, and the 20 degree places that air is pumped into after the lower dead centre of summit Sealing 2c in aspiration stroke on the rear side of operating room 2a pass through inhalation port 8.Then, described chamber volume reduces gradually, and the air that is sucked like this gradually reduces to be converted to compression stroke substantially.In this process, summit Sealing 2a on the guiding side of operating room 7a is by the summit of second communication passage 13, the summit opening of such second communication passage 13 is in described operating room 7a, the valve element 13a of second control valve 13 removes so that independent combustion chamber 1 is communicated with by second communication passage 12 with operating room 7a from valve seat 13c, and the pressurized air among the operating room 7a is introduced in the independent combustion chamber 1 thus.
When in compression stroke, summit Sealing 2a on the guiding side does not still reach the opening of first communication passage 11, and among the previous operating room 7b of described openings in the expansion stroke, independent combustion chamber 1 by first communication passage 11 and second communication passage 13 respectively with expansion stroke in the operating room 7b of front and the subsequent operation chamber 7a in compression stroke be communicated with.During described timing, the time cycle when having higher pressure for the operating room 7b when the front than follow-up operating room 7a, second control valve 13 is closed, and this is avoided taking place the escape of the combustion gas in the operating room of compressed-air actuated escape and front.But when the operating room 7b of front enters second half of expansion stroke, the pressure dependence between the operating room 7b of front and the operating room 7a of back conversely.Because in this stage, first communication passage 11 is closed by first control valve 3, the pressurized air among the follow-up operating room 7a is assembled among the operating room 7b that does not escape into the front in independent combustion chamber 1.
When the compression stroke among the operating room 7a further when above-mentioned state advances, also opening is in operating room 7a for the opening of first communication passage 11, and the interior pressure of independent combustion chamber 1 becomes more and more higher gradually.Then, the upper dead center that is pressed in compression stroke in the independent combustion chamber 1 reaches maximum, and at this place, operating room 7a reaches minimum volume.In this state, the air in the independent combustion chamber 1 is owing to the cause of adiabatic compression is under the condition of high temperature, and this moment, and fuel sprays from fuel injection nozzle 6.
Injected fuel is firing self and is beginning explosive combustion with the process mid-point that mixes of high temperature, high-pressure air.At this moment, first control valve 3 and second control valve 13 all are closed and independent combustion chamber 1 is independent of operating room 7a and produces knocking fuel.Therefore, even for example malcombustion of early stage igniting has taken place, initial pressure smoothing in independent combustion chamber 1 does not act directly on the rotor 2.
Then, 20 degree places after the upper dead center of compression stroke, first control valve 3 is opened, and high-pressure combustion gas is ejected among the operating room 7a like this.The pressure of combustion gas acts on the side surface of rotor 2, and the power that produces like this is passed to eccentric shaft 5.This action is carried out in whole expansion stroke and the summit Sealing 2a of continuation on the guiding side of operating room 7a passes through described exhaust port 9.After this, operating room 7a is converted to exhaust stroke, and the combustion gas among the operating room 7a are in proper order by described exhaust port 9 dischargings thus.
(the 4th embodiment)
Similar to the 3rd embodiment, be presented among Figure 12, the independent combustion chamber internal combustion engine use of a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention is in rotary combustion engine.Although two communication passage are provided in the 3rd embodiment, this embodiment is characterised in that total is simplified by single communication passage is provided.In this embodiment, be used for communication passage 11 openings that independent combustion chamber 1 is communicated with operating room to the trochoid inner peripheral surface of its near its minor axis and be controlled to be communicated with operating room or be communicated with described operating room disengaging by control valve 3 near the opening of communication passage 11.For example, control valve 3 opens and closes with regard to it and regularly is controlled to 20 spending 20 after its upper dead center and spend and close and open for other scope before the upper dead center of compression stroke.Especially, if it is arranged on the fuel injection timing piston position before and the pressure maximum of close operating room of fuel injection nozzle 6, the timing that initial described valve cuts out is enough.If it is arranged on such piston angular position, the timing that initial valve is opened is enough: in described position, the main burning in the independent combustion chamber 1 can be independent of operating room and produce and rotor 2 on the effect of combustion gas maximum output is provided.If the position of the operating room side opening of communication passage is placed in the guiding side of operating room with respect to minor axis, this is more effective as output for obtaining combustion gas in the independent combustion chamber.In other words, if the operating room side opening of communication passage is placed in the rear side of operating room with respect to minor axis, in the starting stage of compression stroke, rear side summit Sealing is by the opening of communication passage, and described like this communication passage opening is in follow-up operating room.This is disadvantageous, because not only firing pressure does not have effectively to utilize but also it acts on the follow-up operating room to produce reverse moment of torsion.
(the 5th embodiment)
The fifth embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 13 is applied to multi-cylinder engine, and be configured to allow independent combustion chamber 1 number than the number of described cylinder still less and among them, use operation differ, in described a plurality of cylinders, share an independently firing chamber.Share described independent combustion chamber overall structure of simplifying and the size that has reduced described motor are provided.
The sixth embodiment of the present invention as shown in figure 14 is configured, and provides two independently firing chambers for each cylinder like this, and uses alternatively according to the operational condition of motor.Especially, under the condition of the less underloading of the air quantity of padding chamber, one in two independent combustion chambers is closed, and another one is operated to increase described compression ratio.On the other hand, under fully loaded transportation condition, two independent combustion chambers are operated.Use described structure, fuel can be under condition of high voltage, burn on the whole power operation scope, and this has further increased fuel efficiency.In addition, when a plurality of independent combustion chambers internal-combustion engine begin the place when being communicated with operating room, can reduce described beginning moment of torsion, reduced the capacity of unit motor (cell motor) thus.
The seventh embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 15 is configured to provide two independently firing chambers for each cylinder like this, each converges towards the some place of operating room settling with the communication passage of a relevant connection in two independent combustion chambers, in the opening and closing of the single control valve control communication passage at described point place.In this case, the number that is used for number of cylinders purpose independent combustion chamber is not limited to two and can be 3 or more a plurality of.
Although in each the above embodiments, to fill air and suck based on natural air, the air quantity of padding chamber is used pressurized machine and is increased, and this makes compression ratio higher.In this case, mechanical supercharger can be used as described pressurized machine.Alternatively, the specific cylinder in the multi-cylinder engine can be used as compressor, and described compressor can provide pressurized machine.
Although the above embodiments are to be used for compression-ignition engine basically, they certainly are applied to spark-ignited internal combustion engine.
Although shown the water jet nozzles in the above-described embodiment one, the water jet nozzles can be arranged in each the above embodiments as required.
Industrial applicability
As mentioned above, according to the present invention, because the caused damage of pinking, for example the fracture of piston or the fracture that is connected to the part of described piston can not take place, and high compression ratio is provided thus and has improved significantly efficiency of combustion. Therefore, the present invention may be used on various types of internal combustion engines.
Claims (12)
1. internal-combustion engine, described internal-combustion engine allow and carry out in the operating room of the variable-volume that suction, compression, blast, expansion and exhaust stroke limit between housing and piston, and described internal-combustion engine comprises:
The independent combustion chamber of fixed volume, described firing chamber are formed in the described housing and are provided with fuel supplying device, are used for producing independently therein main burning;
At least one communication passage is used for the operating room of independent combustion chamber and changeable volume is communicated with; With
Control valve is used for allowing and will be incorporated into independent combustion chamber from the pressurized air of operating room, and provides and will regularly be ejected into spraying in the operating room in the place of putting from the regulation of combustion gas after the upper dead center of compression stroke of independent combustion chamber; And
Described control valve is arranged to and closes communication passage in prespecified range, in independent combustion chamber, to produce main burning thus, and is not communicated with operating room, wherein prespecified range is regularly to put and upper dead center near 20 combustion jets of spending-30 scopes of spending and comprising fuel supplying device to its upper dead center the upper dead center of compression stroke.
2. internal-combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said communication passage are single communication passage.
3. internal-combustion engine according to claim 1, the communication passage that wherein is used for each described independent combustion chamber comprises: first communication passage and second communication passage, described first communication passage and second communication passage are communicated with described independent combustion chamber, and described first communication passage is provided with permission and is ejected into first control valve in the operating room from the combustion gas of independent combustion chamber in predetermined timing; And second communication passage be provided with the working gas that allows compression and flow into second control valve of operating room from the combustion gas that operating room flows to the independent combustion chamber and independent combustion chamber is flowed out in restriction.
4. internal-combustion engine according to claim 3, wherein first control valve is configured as the auxiliary piston that is formed on the piston reciprocal in the described housing.
5. internal-combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said internal-combustion engine are reciprocating internal combustion engine.
6. internal-combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said internal-combustion engine are rotary combustion engine, and wherein the polygon rotor planet in the housing of the inner peripheral surface with trochoid as piston rotates.
7. internal-combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the number of the described independent combustion chamber of every cylinder is a plurality of, the number of the operation firing chamber of the described independent combustion chamber of every cylinder changes according to the operational condition of motor.
8. internal-combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein independent combustion chamber comprises the independent combustion chamber than the number lesser number of cylinder, and each described independent combustion chamber is configured to the main burning that generation is used for a plurality of described cylinders alternatively.
9. internal-combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein independent combustion chamber is connected to pressurized machine.
10. internal-combustion engine according to claim 9, wherein said pressurized machine are in a plurality of cylinders in the internal-combustion engine of many cylinder configurations.
11. internal-combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said independent combustion chamber are spherical shape substantially.
12. internal-combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said independent combustion chamber also comprise water jet device except fuel supplying device.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP172712/2004 | 2004-06-10 | ||
| JP2004172712 | 2004-06-10 | ||
| JP2004311072A JP3876389B2 (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2004-10-26 | Independent combustion chamber internal combustion engine |
| JP311072/2004 | 2004-10-26 | ||
| PCT/JP2005/009951 WO2005121522A1 (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2005-05-31 | Independent combustion chamber-type internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1969112A CN1969112A (en) | 2007-05-23 |
| CN1969112B true CN1969112B (en) | 2011-04-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200580019160XA Expired - Fee Related CN1969112B (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2005-05-31 | Independent combustion chamber-type internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7421982B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1969112B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005121522A1 (en) |
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| US8490380B2 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2013-07-23 | Advanced Propulsion Technologies, Inc. | Internal continuous combustion engine system |
| US8555652B1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2013-10-15 | Zere Energy and Biofuels, Inc. | Air-independent internal oxidation |
| US9441597B2 (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2016-09-13 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Approach for controlling fuel flow with alternative fuels |
| US8205593B2 (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2012-06-26 | De Versterre William I | DEV cycle engine |
| CN102022177A (en) * | 2010-10-10 | 2011-04-20 | 梁天宇 | Engine |
| WO2012103672A1 (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2012-08-09 | Jin Beibiao | Damping channel engine |
| CN202811060U (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2013-03-20 | 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 | Gated, cylinder-shared and U-shaped flow piston thermal power system |
| AT511821B1 (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-03-15 | Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Ohg | Method for operating an internal combustion engine provided with at least one purged prechamber |
| JP6093966B2 (en) * | 2012-05-01 | 2017-03-15 | 上田 文夫 | Double leaf constant volume rotary engine with steam explosion |
| US9347369B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-05-24 | Gotek Energy, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling compression in an engine, compressor, or pump |
| CN103216359A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-07-24 | 优华劳斯汽车系统（上海）有限公司 | Combustion motor capable of continuously combusting |
| JP2015117582A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-25 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Gas engine and assembling method of gas engine |
| EP3183448B1 (en) | 2014-08-18 | 2021-01-13 | Woodward, Inc. | Torch igniter |
| US11421601B2 (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2022-08-23 | Woodward, Inc. | Second stage combustion for igniter |
| US11293337B1 (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-04-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for adjustable pre-chamber |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070272200A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
| US7421982B2 (en) | 2008-09-09 |
| WO2005121522A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
| CN1969112A (en) | 2007-05-23 |
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