CN1966475A - Powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine - Google Patents
Powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1966475A CN1966475A CN 200610048095 CN200610048095A CN1966475A CN 1966475 A CN1966475 A CN 1966475A CN 200610048095 CN200610048095 CN 200610048095 CN 200610048095 A CN200610048095 A CN 200610048095A CN 1966475 A CN1966475 A CN 1966475A
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- ammonium nitrate
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Abstract
The invention disclosed a kind of powdered reshaped ammonio oil dynamite which is allowed to be used in coal mines. The dynamite is mainly constituted by 68.6-80 part (by weight) of ammonium nitrate, 4-6 parts (by weight) of reshaped wood powder, 1.6-3 parts of compound oil phase, 14-21 parts of industrial salt, 0.3-0.5 part of modifier and 0-1.0 part of water repellent agent. The invention can use the present producing devices to produce the dynamite in one stage or two stages which decreases the one time cost of the producing line substantially. The TNT element is totally omitted in the invention through the regulated formula and producing technologies as well as the new materials. The quality of the product has achieved or surpassed the technological standard of dynamites which is allowed to be used for coal mines in GB12437-2000. It has solved all the problems in many factories that produce the coal mine dynamites by edge-runner; besides, it is in line with the policies and requests in civilian exploding industry.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to the industrial explosive material technical field, be specifically related to a kind of coal mine admissible powdery TNT-free explosive and manufacture method thereof.
Two, background technology
In the present domestic permitted explosive for coal mine kind, be listed in progressively superseded product because of containing 10% tritonal during the Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives product is formed, what replace will be the permitted explosive for coal mine of no ladder type.Up to now, existing oil-in-water type and expanded type ladder-less coal mine permitted explosive as an alternative the type product produce in the whole nation and use.But these two kinds of products also exist a lot of shortcoming and defect, and are restricted.As emulsion explosive, though product performance are better than other like products, the detonation sensitivity height, danger coefficient is big, exists very big potential safety hazard when producing, and some safety problem does not thoroughly solve so far as yet.Powdery emulsifying explosive for example, this product is from producing in time more than ten years so far, and super-huge explosion hazard takes place in existing three tame enterprises, and whole production line is all gone up, and has caused the financial loss of more than one hundred million units and the cost of tens life to country.This product also exists the production cost height in addition, and facility investment is big, and the capital construction cycle is long, machine energy consumption height, many shortcomings such as the processing requirement difficulty is big.Expanded explosive is because explosive property is low, density is little, and the investment of equipment, worker-house is big, the machine high defective that consumes energy, and its development is restricted equally.
Three, summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine, it can be enhanced product performance, and has increased intrinsic safety again, and has reduced product cost, has improved workman's operating condition, has thoroughly solved the pollution problem of tritonal to environment.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine is made of ammonium nitrate, modified wood powder, compound oil phase, Industrial Salt, properties-correcting agent and water repellent agent basically, and the mass percent of each component is:
Ammonium nitrate 68.6～80
Wood powder 4～6
Compound oil phase 1.6～3
Industrial Salt 14～21
Properties-correcting agent 0.3～0.5
Water repellent agent 0～1.0
In powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine, add properties-correcting agent, purpose is that properties-correcting agent passes through oriented adsorption in the ammonium nitrate drying process, accelerated the rate of drying of ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate plays the shortening of dirt time, changed the crystalline structure of ammonium nitrate, reduced the surface strength of ammonium nitrate, increased the powder content of ammonium nitrate, dwindled chance coalescent between the ammonium nitrate crystal, thereby avoided the explosive hardened possibility of in storage period, luming, also increased simultaneously explosive blast performance and storage period performance.Improve production efficiency, reduced production cost.
If want the tritonal combination of former Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives is all banned, and explosive property is constant, just must improve the finish fineness of explosive, increase the powder content of ammonium nitrate, compound oil phase and wood powder could be realized behind thorough mixing in addition again, and the properties-correcting agent of each manufacturer production all is with medium-sized 18 gastral cavity amine (purity 40%) phosphoric acid at present, sulfuric acid, Zinic stearas, wood charcoal powder, sepiolite powder processes, because 18 gastral cavity amine purity are low, impurity is many, effective constituent is few, in addition sepiolite powder is to be applied to as fire retardant material in aircraft manufacturing and other Industrial products again, because its light weight, density is little, and it can only be as the additive of an inorganic carrier in the adding properties-correcting agent, just it is cheap, can reduce material cost, but for the modification of ammonium nitrate effect, its effect is minimum.
The composite modifier that the present invention adopts is different from medium-sized properties-correcting agent, the existing cats product of this product has anion surfactant again, it is to process from strand with high purity 18 gastral cavity amine (purity: more than 83%) phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, Zinic stearas, organic silicone oil, white carbon black, because the purity height of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE properties-correcting agent, characteristics such as effective content is many.More outstanding to the Modification of Ammonium Nitrate effect, fineness is increased to more than 85% by original 75%, sieves in the time of can be by 60 orders, and moisture drops to about 0.10% by original 0.25%, and the various performances of explosive all increase.
Wood powder in the component is a modified wood powder, consider the porous character of wood powder and the characteristics of pyrotechnic composition, in the vesicular structure of wood powder, introduce the oxygenant material, form the mixture of a kind of similar single chmical compound explosive and intermolecular pyrotechnic composition, the uniform contact that will help wood powder and oxygenant, help emerging of more blasts " focus ", speed of response when helping explosive charge, help the raising of the various performances of powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine, the material that is used for the wood powder modification, must satisfy cheap and easy to get, with requirement such as explosive component compatibility, selected for use aqueous oxidizing agent solution and oil phase material that wood powder is carried out modification for this reason and handled.
The manufacture method of modified wood powder: in the wood powder drying process, utilizing mass percentage concentration is 10% aqueous oxidizing agent solution, presses 15% of wood powder charging capacity and adds, and treats that moisture reaches at 2% o'clock, drops into 6% compound oil phase again, till the mixing.Oxygenant can use hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
The blast performance of the powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine that the interpolation modified wood powder is made all increases example: explosion velocity can increase 300-400 (ms-1), and brisance can improve 2-3 (mm), and gap distance can increase 2-3 (cm).
Compound oil phase of the present invention is special-purpose oil phase, adding is all banned low negative oxygen value with the negative oxygen value fuel type sensibilizer special oil phase material of height and is pranged Types of Medicine sensitizing agent tritonal in the powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine component, make the ammonium nitrate particle surface form the liquid-solid interface film, increased between the particle by touching degree, becoming " face contact " by " some contact " between the solid matter increases contact area, help the formation and the acceleration of explosive reaction, improved the moistureproof ability of explosive again, explosive was not lumpd in storage period, non-sclerous, blast performance does not reduce, the flying upward of dust in having suppressed to produce reduced mechanical sensitivity, improved production security, thoroughly solve the hard nut to crack of tritonal chronic pollution environment, also reduced production cost simultaneously.
Special-purpose oil phase has adopted by interior burning-point, the Microcrystalline Wax that zero pour and calorific value are all higher, compound wax, rosin, heavy oil, resin is a main raw, Si Ben-80 in addition again, the specific complex oil phase that materials processings such as stearic acid form, make it that good physical chemistry consistency be arranged in the explosive component, homogeneity, perviousness, film-forming properties, coating film intensity and toughness, and can be suitable for the technical requirements that high temperature mixes medicine, and after blast, generate the sulphur hydrate, carbonic acid gas and water, overcome former compound oil phase internal combustion point, zero pour, the low and oil film poor toughness of calorific value, adsorptive power is low, poor stability, outside the blast back gas sulphur removal hydrate, also have the existence of a spot of nomadic nitrogen and increased the content of toxic gas.
In addition, on the powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine blast performance, the new exclusive oil phase is significantly improved than former compound oil phase, and rose to 18 month or more by original 6 months storage period, and explosive property is good in storage period.
Add Industrial Salt (sodium-chlor) in explosive, one of its main effect is exactly the temperature that reduces explosion product effectively.Because Industrial Salt thermal capacity is bigger, it does not only participate in reaction in blast process, and absorbs a part of heat, makes temperature of explosion reduce, thereby flame reduces, the time length shortens and reduced the possibility that explosion gas explodes to a certain extent.
Series powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine component concentration sees Table one:
Table one allowed for use in coal mines modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive explosive component concentration
| The explosive title | Component concentration % | |||||
| Ammonium nitrate | Modified wood powder | Special-purpose oil phase | Industrial Salt | Properties-correcting agent | Water repellent agent | |
| No. 2 allowed for use in coal mines modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosives | 74.6-80 | 4-6 | 1.6-3 | 14-16 | 0.3-0.5 | |
| No. 2 anti-water allowed for use in coal mines modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosives | 73.6-79.2 | 4-6 | 1.6-3 | 14-16 | 0.3-0.5 | 0.8-1.0 |
| No. 3 allowed for use in coal mines modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosives | 69.6-75 | 4-6 | 1.6-3 | 19-21 | 0.3-0.5 | |
| No. 3 anti-water allowed for use in coal mines modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosives | 68.6-74.2 | 4-6 | 1.6-3 | 19-21 | 0.3-0.5 | 0.81.0 |
Permission adds 0.3～0.5% properties modifier in addition beyond the explosive component, the mass percent of each component of properties modifier is: Fe:3～7, Au:0.02～0.05, Ag:2～3, Cu:0.09～0.11, Zn:0.6～0.8, S:12～14, Al:50～54, Mg:22～26.The main effect of properties modifier in explosive is to increase charge density, improves the free-running property of finished product medicinal powder, the heat of quick-fried heat when improving explosive charge, improve explosive blast performance and storage period performance.
The at present domestic wheel roller production an-tnt explosive that utilizes generally all adopts two-phase method, and promptly high temperature is heavily cut or polish jade with an emery wheel and cut or polish jade with an emery wheel mixed medicine in drying, the low temperature, its production technique is:
High temperature is heavily cut or polish jade with an emery wheel dry ammonium nitrate:
Stone roller mixes medicine in the low temperature
The present invention is according to selecting for use the required suitable ammonium nitrate of additive to produce the high critical temperature of powder content, adopts high temperature to cut or polish jade with an emery wheel heavily that one-stage process, two-phase method all can be produced, two-phase method is same as above.One-stage process is that a wheel roller, temperature are between 115-95 ℃, need not prior dry ammonium nitrate, raw materials in sequence drops in the rolling, by different different composition and the production technique of product design, can produce the powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine of seriation, it has solved many deficiencies of Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives, and performance index are better than an-tnt explosive, and performance comparison sees Table two.
Table two performance synopsis
| The project indicator | Moisture content % 〉= | Gap distance cm 〉= | Explosion velocity m/s 〉= | Cartridge density g/cm3 | Brisance mm 〉= | The acting ability | Validity period (moon) | In the validity period | ||
| Moisture content | Gap distance cm | |||||||||
| Powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine | 0.30 | Before the immersion | After the immersion | 3284 -3400 | 0.95～ 1.10 | 13.6 | 316～ 326 | 8 | 0.4 | 4 |
| 5 | 4 | |||||||||
| Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives | 0.30 | 5 | 4 | 2500 -2600 | 0.95～ 1.10 | 10 | 218～ 228 | 6 | 0.5 | 3 |
The production technology of powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine has made full use of enterprise's current production devices, significantly reduced the disposable input of production line, by adjusting formula for a product and production technique, use novel material, completely abolished the tritonal composition in the Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives, realized that Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives to the powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine fundamental change, has improved the production intrinsic safety.Existing powder ammonium nitrate explosive production line is just transformed a little and can be produced, the blast performance index of powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine detects through national colliery inspection center, meet or exceed the technological standard of the Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives of GB12437-2000 standard code, reached design requirements.Succeeding in developing of powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine, many shortcomings that present domestic many producers utilize wheel roller production Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives have thoroughly been solved, also meet simultaneously the policy and the requirement of the quick-fried industry product structural adjustment of the national people, be product innovation, new technology, the novel process that meets the advance of national conditions, it will bring very big economic benefit and social benefit widely to enterprise.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives technological process of production figure;
Fig. 2 is the powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine process flow sheet.
Five, embodiment
Embodiment 1 prescription is: (mass percent) ammonium nitrate 76.5, modified wood powder 5, special-purpose oil phase 3.0, Industrial Salt 15, properties-correcting agent 0.5.
Embodiment 2 prescriptions are: (mass percent) sell ammonium 72.5, modified wood powder 4.5, special-purpose oil phase 2.5, Industrial Salt 20, properties-correcting agent 0.5.
Embodiment 3 prescriptions are: (mass percent) ammonium nitrate 70.7, modified wood powder 5, special-purpose oil phase 3, water repellent agent 0.8, Industrial Salt 20, properties-correcting agent 0.5.
When adopting one-stage process to produce, its production technique is:
When adopting two-phase method to produce, its production technique is:
(1) high temperature is heavily cut or polish jade with an emery wheel dry ammonium nitrate
(2) stone roller mixes medicine in the low temperature
The concrete difference of the production technique of powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine and former Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives production technique is:
1, drying temperature and time of drying have been adjusted.
2, adjusted feeding sequence.
3, time of drying and feeding sequence are the key factors that influences explosion properties and quality product.
The component concentration of powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine not only is applicable to above-mentioned rolling technology, also is applicable to serialization, automatic production process and the equipment of modification ammonium oils explosive.
Allowed for use in coal mines waterproof powder shape modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive adds water repellent agent in nitric acid drying and wood powder drying process, other technology is constant.
The dose of embodiment is that 200kg/ grinds, and the NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE properties-correcting agent that uses is produced as three the auxiliary chemicals factories in Wafangdian City, Liaoning Province, and the new exclusive oil phase is that Fushun City, Liaoning Province permanent light wax factory produces.Properties modifier is produced by the Fushun City prosperous chemical industry of gold company limited.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine is characterized in that: it is made of ammonium nitrate, modified wood powder, compound oil phase, Industrial Salt, properties-correcting agent and water repellent agent basically, and the mass percent of each component is:
Ammonium nitrate 68.6～80
Wood powder 4～6
Compound oil phase 1.6～3
Industrial Salt 14～21
Properties-correcting agent 0.3～0.5
Water repellent agent 0～1.0
Wherein wood powder is a modified wood powder, and its manufacture method is: in the wood powder drying process, utilizing mass percentage concentration is 10% aqueous oxidizing agent solution, presses 15% of wood powder charging capacity and adds, and treats that moisture reaches at 2% o'clock, drops into 6% compound oil phase again, till the mixing;
Compound oil phase is special-purpose oil phase, and adopting by all higher Microcrystalline Wax of interior burning-point, zero pour and calorific value, compound wax, rosin, heavy oil, resin is main raw, Si Ben-80 in addition again, the specific complex oil phase that materials processings such as stearic acid form;
Properties-correcting agent is composite modifier, and it is to be that 18 gastral cavity amine, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, Zinic stearas, organic silicone oil, white carbon black more than 83% processes with purity;
Water repellent agent is No. 10 anti-bituminous grouts and the paraffin more than 58 ℃, and drop wax mixed solution mass ratio is 1: 1.
2, powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: add 0.3～0.5% properties modifier beyond the explosive component in addition, the mass percent of each component of properties modifier is: Fe:3～7, Au:0.02～0.05, Ag:2～3, Cu:0.09～0.11, Zn:0.6～0.8, S:12～14, Al:50～54, Mg:22～26.
3, the manufacture method of powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt one-stage process production, its production technique is:
4, the manufacture method of powdery modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil for coal mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt two-phase method production, its production technique is:
(1) high temperature is heavily cut or polish jade with an emery wheel dry ammonium nitrate
(2) stone roller mixes medicine in the low temperature
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100572343C (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-12-23 | 黄东平 | Ammonium nitrate modifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN101328098B (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2011-05-04 | 耿一平 | Solution state modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive and preparation thereof |
| CN102351618A (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2012-02-15 | 湖南神斧集团一六九化工有限责任公司 | Water-resisting modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102795950A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2012-11-28 | 贵州巨能化工有限公司 | Composite oil phase for expanded explosive and preparation method of composite oil phase |
| CN105820019A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-08-03 | 中煤科工集团淮北爆破技术研究院有限公司 | Modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive |
| CN106966842A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-21 | 河南久联神威民爆器材有限公司 | A kind of explosive modification composition and its preparation method and application |
| CN107512995A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The method for preparing explosive insensitiveness wax |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| SU507028A1 (en) * | 1974-12-25 | 1977-06-05 | Ворошиловградский машиностроительный институт | Primary explosive composition |
| CN1003656B (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1989-03-22 | 国家海洋局海洋技术研究所 | Method for closing anodic aluminium oxide |
| NO162335C (en) * | 1987-06-30 | 1989-12-13 | Norsk Hydro As | THERMOCASE FOR TRANSPORTING FRESH LIKE FISH, CHEAT, MEDICINES ETC., AND PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HOLE BODIES THAT THE BOX IS FORMED. |
| CN1029395C (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1995-08-02 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Nitramon explosive for non-TNT rock |
| WO2003105582A2 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2003-12-24 | Nft Industries, Llc | Pesticide carrier and products |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100572343C (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-12-23 | 黄东平 | Ammonium nitrate modifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN101328098B (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2011-05-04 | 耿一平 | Solution state modified ammonium nitrate fuel explosive and preparation thereof |
| CN102351618A (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2012-02-15 | 湖南神斧集团一六九化工有限责任公司 | Water-resisting modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102795950A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2012-11-28 | 贵州巨能化工有限公司 | Composite oil phase for expanded explosive and preparation method of composite oil phase |
| CN102795950B (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2015-01-21 | 贵州巨能化工有限公司 | Composite oil phase for expanded explosive and preparation method of composite oil phase |
| CN105820019A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-08-03 | 中煤科工集团淮北爆破技术研究院有限公司 | Modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive |
| CN107512995A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The method for preparing explosive insensitiveness wax |
| CN107512995B (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2019-09-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The method for preparing explosive insensitiveness wax |
| CN106966842A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-21 | 河南久联神威民爆器材有限公司 | A kind of explosive modification composition and its preparation method and application |
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