CN1951876A - Organic waste pretreatment device of permanent base at space - Google Patents
Organic waste pretreatment device of permanent base at space Download PDFInfo
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- CN1951876A CN1951876A CNA2006101405636A CN200610140563A CN1951876A CN 1951876 A CN1951876 A CN 1951876A CN A2006101405636 A CNA2006101405636 A CN A2006101405636A CN 200610140563 A CN200610140563 A CN 200610140563A CN 1951876 A CN1951876 A CN 1951876A
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- tank
- organic waste
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- permanent base
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a ferment predisposing device of organic waste of spatial permanent base, which comprises the following parts: tank, bearing tray, flume, heating device, temperature controller, liquid-position controller, feeder tank, vent hole and door wall condensate reflux device, wherein the device utilizes flume water to heat material on the porous bearing tray to 60 deg.c for 24h, which cools to 45 deg.c for 48h to do aerobic ferment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pretreated fermentation reaction device of a kind of organic materials, be mainly used in the pre-treatment of the not edible biomass of plant (being mainly rice straw, wheat straw etc.) in permanent base at space (as the moon, the Mars base) controlled ecological life support system (CELSS), especially the fermentation for a small amount of material has clear superiority.
Background technology
CELSS is known as the basic guarantee technology of setting up permanent base at space by each spacefaring nation.Higher plant advances passerby as photosynthesis and can carry out water and atmospheric regeneration among the CELSS, plays irreplaceable effect.And the relevant therewith plant as solid waste can not appetite just become to improve one of subject matter of system's closed in intrasystem processing.
For plant among the CELSS can not appetite processing, main chemical treatment, burning disposal and the microbiological treatment of utilizing the class soil matrix technology of mushroom biological treatment than other, can will can not the appetite cyclically utilizing be intrasystem plant cultivation media recycle, can also increase a kind of food-mushroom for the spacefarer simultaneously.
The processing that material is not carried out in the raw material pre-treatment of relevant mushroom-cultivating material substantially is used for mushroom-cultivating, though simple to operate, it is higher to dye assorted bacterium rate, and bio-transformation efficient is also lower; Though the grog pre-treatment has sterilising effect preferably behind autoclaving, the proterties change that useful mushroom is handled does not take place in material, and it is relatively slow to make mushroom send out bacterium, and the processing cycle is longer; And the fermentation pre-treatment can make the material in the beneficial microorganism decomposition and inversion material under suitable temperature, generate the materials such as " lignin-protein " class material, glycan class and VITAMIN that help mushroom growth most, thereby increase the effective constituent of mushroom compost, thereby it is very fast to send out bacterium, and bio-transformation efficient is also higher.
In the fermentation pre-treatment of general Edible Fungi, mostly material is piled big stockpile, utilize the heat of the own activity generation of microorganism in the material to make the material temperature rise, reach fermentation purposes.Yet because it is limited to be built in the spatial permanent base space, and insulation makes material be difficult to reach the ideal ferment effect with gas-pervious contradiction under the less situation of difficult control, especially material of heap heap fermentation condition.
Technology contents
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, provide a kind of simple in structure, processing efficiency is high, be easy to control, be used for the pretreated aerobic fermentation device of a small amount of refuse that permanent base at space produces.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme of taking is: apparatus of the present invention are made up of tank 4, heating unit 5, liquid level controller 9, temperature controller 6, bearing material pallet 2, extra-feed tank 10, ventilating pit 12 and door wall condensate return device 13.Whole device box 1 is stainless material inside and outside (comprising door) and constitutes, and the centre is a thermal insulation layer.Casing 1 top is provided with the adjustable ventilating pit 12 of spiral, casing 1 middle part is provided with detachable bearing material pallet 2 and air flow passage 11, door inwall bottom is provided with condensate return device 13 in addition, casing 1 bottom is provided with tank 4, temp probe 3, temperature controller 6, heating unit 5, liquid level controller 9 and scum board 7, and the outside then is connected with extra-feed tank 10.
Described casing top ventilating pit 12 is adjustable for the opening that has screw-cap, and pore can be in communication with the outside for a long time in the middle of it, and with the adjusting of screw-cap, the change in slit all around can be regulated the size of air flow.
Totally ten layers on described bearing material pallet 2 is evenly arranged in casing 1 inside, can select to use with the inventory that need are handled, and pallet is porous, and pore size had not only guaranteed the support of material but also had been convenient to the exchange of air.
Two projections that described air flow passage 11 is established by casing 1 rear inside wall constitute three passages, avoid supporting plate closely to contact with tank wall, are beneficial to the circulation up and down of air.
Described door inwall condensate return device 13 is leg-of-mutton batten for being loaded on a cross section of inwall bottom, by hypotenuse the water of condensation drainage on the door inwall is got back to add hot water tank 4.
Described liquid level controller 9 is by ball float indication liquid level, and when ball float was lower than the setting liquid level, switch was opened in the angular transformation of ball lever, makes water flow into tank from extra-feed tank; Rise with liquid level, the ball lever angle changes again water gap to be closed finishes a moisturizing.Can guarantee tank 4 liquid levels by liquid level controller and extra-feed tank, prevent the very few and dry combustion method of the water yield.
Described temp probe 3 places more than the water surface, and survey is atmosphere surrounding temperature in the casing, with the optimum temps of temperature controller 6 Collaborative Control materials fermentation.
Described heating unit 5 is a heating tube, and its work is by temperature controller 6 controls.
Described scum board 7 is located in the middle of liquid level controller 9 and the heating unit 5, and the bottom has communicating aperture and makes the supply pool and add the hydrothermal area and be communicated with.
Described extra-feed tank 10 is connected in the water-in at casing rear portion by pipeline, and it highly is higher than the normal level of liquid in the tank 4.
Apparatus of the present invention are heated and temperature of charge can be controlled at optimum value by steam, and can guarantee the supply of sufficient amount of oxygen, have clear superiority for the fermentation problem that solves a small amount of material.Under the acting in conjunction of 60 ℃ and 45 ℃ two quasi-microorganisms, the plant non-edible part can reach best pretreating effect among the CELSS, helps the further processing of fungi mushroom, can improve bio-transformation efficient, shortens the loop cycle of solid waste.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cut-away view of apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
Apparatus of the present invention are made up of casing 1, bearing material pallet 2, tank 4, heating unit 5, temperature controller 6, ventpipe 8, liquid level controller 9, extra-feed tank 10 and ventilating pit 12 etc.Between the shell of casing 1 and the inwall thermal insulation layer is arranged, play insulation effect.Bearing material supporting plate 2 is beneficial to air flowing for porous shape, and is totally ten layers, detachable.Water in the tank 4 adds thermogenesis steam by heating unit 5 material is fermented, and temperature controller 6 and temp probe 3 associated working are used for controlling leavening temperature.Liquid level controller 9 is used for controlling high water tank, in time by extra-feed tank 10 supplementary feed, comprises ball float, union lever and inlet switch.Scum board 7 is by wall groove support, and the bottom perforate guarantees to add the connection of hot water and supplementary feed, and top stops into water scum silica frost.Ventpipe 8 has ventage, is higher than the tank liquid level.Gas channel 11 is divided into the triple channel that makes supporting plate and tank wall maintenance certain distance by two projections of casing rear wall.Ventilating pit 12 is loaded on the casing top, and the centre has a thin ventilating pit often to open, and is that spiral is adjustable all around, can change air flow by the adjustment of spiral.Door wall condensate return device 13 is the strip of trilobal(cross)section, is loaded on a wall bottom.
When using this device, add water earlier in tank 4, the water that liquid level remains in the extra-feed tank 10 no longer flows into till the tank 4.The material of needs fermentation is tiled in porous bearing material pallet 2, and material should not pressed in fact excessively, so that the circulation of gas.After with the pallet draw-in groove of packing into, close chamber door.The temperature control value and the hold-time of setting temperature controller 6 also starts working, and the fs is 60 ℃ and keeps 24h, and subordinate phase is 45 ℃ and keeps 48h.Because the position of temp probe 3 is more than the tank liquid level, its indicated temperature is the temperature of air in the casing, also promptly directly controls the leavening temperature of material.The ventilating pit 12 on casing top can be regulated size by outside screw-cap, and it provides competent oxygen with the ventpipe 8 and gas channel 11 common guarantee of bottom for fermentation materials in the casing, the assurance aerobic fermentation.Generation with steam in the casing, liquid level descends gradually in the tank, and the ball float position of liquid level controller 9 descends thereupon, after acquiring a certain degree, the union lever that is connected with ball float produces the angle variation inlet switch is opened, and the water of extra-feed tank 10 just can flow into the loss with the supply tank water.With the inflow of supplementary feed, the liquid level rising drives the ball float rising in the tank 4, reach a certain height and just again inlet switch is closed.The connection of extra-feed tank 10 and liquid level controller 9 have guaranteed the timely supply of water in the water tank, can effectively prevent the very few and dry combustion method of the water yield.All finish when two flow processs, just can open chamber door taking-up material and carry out required further processing.Apparatus of the present invention are heated by steam temperature of charge are controlled at optimum value, and can guarantee the supply sufficient amount of oxygen, be beneficial to the effect of 60 ℃ and 45 ℃ two quasi-microorganisms, treatment effect to plant non-edible part among the CELSS is good, help next step processing of fungi mushroom, can improve bio-transformation efficient, shorten the loop cycle of solid waste.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of as the permanent base at space organic waste pretreated device that ferments, comprise bottom tank 4, temperature probe 3, liquid level controller 9 are equipped with in tank 4 tops, heating unit 5 is equipped with in the bottom, the device top is provided with ventilating pit 12, it is characterized in that: material fermentation is carried out 60 ℃ and is kept the 24h aerobic fermentations, after be 45 ℃ and keep the 48h aerobic fermentations that process jointly controls by temp probe 3 and temperature controller 6; Temp probe 3 is contained in more than the water surface, the temperature of gas in the control whole box body, and the ventilating pit 12 that the required oxygen of microbial activities is simultaneously offered by bottom ventpipe 8 and top provides.
2, the permanent base at space organic waste fermentation pretreatment unit that is used as according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the fermentation flow process is that 60 ℃ of materials keep 24h to carry out aerobic fermentation down, and temperature is reduced to 45 ℃ of maintenance 48h aerobic fermentations afterwards.
3, according to claim 1 as permanent base at space organic waste fermentations pretreatment unit, it is characterized in that: bearing material pallet 2 is vesicular, but both support material of its aperture makes things convenient for the circulation of air again, can be microorganism competent oxygen is provided.
4, according to claim 1 as permanent base at space organic waste fermentation pretreatment unit, it is characterized in that: temp probe 3 is loaded on more than the water surface, unites the leavening temperature of controlling material by gas temperature in the direct control casing with temperature controller 6.
5, according to claim 1 as permanent base at space organic waste fermentation pretreatment unit, it is characterized in that: bottom tank 4 is provided with liquid level controller 9, guarantees the timely supply of the loss water yield.The decline of the interior liquid level of tank can reflect by the landing of liquid level controller 9 ball floats in the operational process, control opening of water-in by mechanical force simultaneously, water just flows into tanks from the extra-feed tank 10 that connects, and ball float rises thereupon, reach certain liquid level after water-in close.
6, according to claim 1 as permanent base at space organic waste fermentation pretreatment unit, it is characterized in that: scum board 7 is equipped with in tank 4 inside in bottom, the liquid level controller 9 of heating unit 5 and control supply water inlet is separated, can stop that scum silica frost enters the heating zone simultaneously.
7, according to claim 1 as permanent base at space organic waste fermentation pretreatment unit, it is characterized in that: bottom tank 4 is externally connected to extra-feed tank 10, guarantee the timely supply of tank water in operational process, can effectively prevent the minimizing and the dry combustion method of the water yield.
8, according to claim 1 it is characterized in that: bottom and top are equipped with ventpipe 8 and ventilating pit 12 as permanent base at space organic waste fermentation pretreatment unit, and the bottom is higher than water surface aft opening by pipeline and is connected with ambient atmosphere; 12 of top ventilating pits are adjustable type, and the centre is little breather hole, regulate the size in slit all around by threaded top cover.
9, according to claim 1 as permanent base at space organic waste fermentation pretreatment unit, it is characterized in that: the door inwall is provided with condensate return device 13, this device invests an inwall bottom, and for the cross section is leg-of-mutton strip, water of condensation can flow back to along the inclined-plane and add hot water tank 4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101405636A CN100402473C (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Organic waste pretreatment device of permanent base at space |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101405636A CN100402473C (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Organic waste pretreatment device of permanent base at space |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1951876A true CN1951876A (en) | 2007-04-25 |
| CN100402473C CN100402473C (en) | 2008-07-16 |
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| CNB2006101405636A Expired - Fee Related CN100402473C (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Organic waste pretreatment device of permanent base at space |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101172282B (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2010-06-09 | 北京航空航天大学 | Device for recycling organic waste such as stalk in space base with earthworm |
| CN101791619B (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2012-07-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Organic waste treatment device for spatial permanent base |
| CN103272823A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-09-04 | 广西来源生物科技有限公司 | Air cushion organic solid refuse bag body fermentation system |
| CN103497013A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-01-08 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | Fermentation treatment apparatus for waste in controlled airtight cabin |
| CN104858206A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-26 | 苏州美生环保科技有限公司 | Degradation micro-treatment device |
| CN105060957A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-11-18 | 广西力源宝科技有限公司 | Method for preparing fertilizer by using organic solid waste |
| CN108794096A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Tea tree Leaf-litter decomposition device and method |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1193965C (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2005-03-23 | 湖南大学 | Devices for producing solid organic waste compost |
| CN2594266Y (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2003-12-24 | 葛铁军 | Vertical multi-storey organic biological fertilizer square fermenting tower with multiple wood doors |
| CN2604432Y (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-02-25 | 李柏义 | Energy-savnig environment-protection air fertilizer Co fermenting apparatus |
-
2006
- 2006-10-17 CN CNB2006101405636A patent/CN100402473C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101172282B (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2010-06-09 | 北京航空航天大学 | Device for recycling organic waste such as stalk in space base with earthworm |
| CN101791619B (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2012-07-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Organic waste treatment device for spatial permanent base |
| CN103272823A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-09-04 | 广西来源生物科技有限公司 | Air cushion organic solid refuse bag body fermentation system |
| CN103497013A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-01-08 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | Fermentation treatment apparatus for waste in controlled airtight cabin |
| CN103497013B (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-01-21 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | Fermentation treatment apparatus for waste in controlled airtight cabin |
| CN104858206A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-26 | 苏州美生环保科技有限公司 | Degradation micro-treatment device |
| CN105060957A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-11-18 | 广西力源宝科技有限公司 | Method for preparing fertilizer by using organic solid waste |
| CN108794096A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Tea tree Leaf-litter decomposition device and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100402473C (en) | 2008-07-16 |
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Granted publication date: 20080716 Termination date: 20101017 |