CN1948253A - 甲基丁香酚在植物病害防治上的应用 - Google Patents

甲基丁香酚在植物病害防治上的应用 Download PDF

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CN1948253A
CN1948253A CN 200510112690 CN200510112690A CN1948253A CN 1948253 A CN1948253 A CN 1948253A CN 200510112690 CN200510112690 CN 200510112690 CN 200510112690 A CN200510112690 A CN 200510112690A CN 1948253 A CN1948253 A CN 1948253A
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CN1948253B (zh
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高微微
樊瑛
刘海燕
何春年
陈士林
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Changbai Mountain Royal ginseng industry Limited by Share Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及甲基丁香酚在植物病害防治上的应用。甲基丁香酚主要存在于细辛、丁香等天然植物的提取物中，具有较强的抑制或杀死植物病原真菌的作用，与一般化学农药相比，具有效果好、毒性低的特点，可以作为理想的环境友好型农药。

Description

甲基丁香酚在植物病害防治上的应用
一、技术领域
本发明涉及一种天然化合物甲基丁香酚在农业上的新用途，特别涉及一种含有甲基丁香酚植物源杀菌剂的应用。
二、技术背景
甲基丁香酚(methyleugenol)的结构式为：
Figure A20051011269000041
甲基丁香酚是一种已知化合物可以从市场上购买，其主要存在于细辛、丁香、肉豆蔻等中药材的提取物中，对于从中药材中提取分离得到甲基丁香酚的工艺已经比较成熟，例如，药典中规定的水蒸汽蒸馏法可以获得细辛挥发油，然后应用层析技术分离获得甲基丁香酚。
甲基丁香酚常作为香料用于烘烤食物、软饮料、口香糖、乳酪、糖果、布丁甜点、冰淇淋等食物中，也被用于香水、洗发液、清洁剂、肥皂等洗涤用品中。此外，也用作啮齿动物的麻醉剂。在农业上，甲基丁香酚被用作引诱剂来诱杀昆虫(《农业上可用作昆虫的诱杀剂元江芒果实蝇的为害特点及防治》，广西农业科学，2002，1，16-17)。药理研究表明甲基丁香酚具有明显的镇咳、怯痰、镇静、镇痛作用(《甲基丁香酚药理作用研究》，中医药学报，2000，2，79-81)，但有关甲基丁香酚抗菌活性的研究较少，作为植物源杀菌剂在农业上的应用尚未见报道。
三、发明内容
根据文献报道，对甲基丁香酚的药理活性研究较少，而且局限于镇咳、怯痰、镇静、镇痛活性的研究，对其抗菌活性的研究更少。本发明通过生物薄层法(Method of DirectBioautograhic TLC Assay)发现甲基丁香酚是细辛挥发油中的主要抗菌活性成分，进一步测定了甲基丁香酚对几种植物病原真菌的抑制活性，本发明的目的在于提供各种浓度的甲基丁香酚溶液，以及甲基丁香酚或包含有甲基丁香酚成分的杀菌剂在农业上的应用。
本发明可以配制成乳油、微乳剂、水乳剂、可溶性液剂、可湿性粉剂各剂型的杀菌剂，具有广谱的杀菌作用，可按下列重量组分配制成可溶性液剂、水乳剂、微乳剂。
甲基丁香酚              5-20份
醇类溶剂                10-15份
水                      20-50份
助剂                    10-25份
醇类溶剂选自甲醇、乙醇等有机溶剂；助剂包括表面活性剂、渗透剂和增溶剂及其组合。
本发明应用于草本药用植物、大田作物、蔬菜作物、花卉作物时，将制剂稀释200 1000倍，用药量为每次0.05-0.2kg/亩，其中甲基丁香酚的用量为5-20g/亩；用于木本药用植物、果树时，将制剂稀释200-1000倍，用药量为每次0.1-0.4kg/亩，其中甲基丁香酚的用量为10-40g。
本发明可应用于人参、西洋参、三七、贝母、菊花、枸杞、砂仁、百合、白术或薏苡等药用植物病害防治，也可用于大田作物小麦、玉米、水稻、马铃薯、甘薯、甜菜、花生、棉花；蔬菜作物白菜、番茄、黄瓜、甜椒、辣椒、豌豆或扁豆；果树园艺作物樱桃、桃、梨、柑桔、葡萄、草莓或西番莲；以及五色梅、天竺葵、君子兰、芦荟等园艺花卉植物的病害防治。
本发明可以用于防治由交链孢菌Alternaria sp、立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani、疫病菌Phytophthora sp、刺盘孢菌Colletotrichum sp、镰刀菌Fusarium sp、葡萄孢霉Botrytis cinerea、茎点霉Phoma sp、轮枝菌Verticillium sp、盘多毛孢菌Pestalotipassi sp、黑粉菌Ustilago sp引起的多种植物病害。包括药用植物中人参、西洋参、三七的黑斑病、立枯病、疫病和根腐病，贝母灰霉病和鳞茎腐烂病，砂仁和菊花叶斑病，枸杞炭疽病，百合枯萎病，白术根腐病，薏苡黑粉病；大田作物中小麦赤霉病，玉米穗腐病，棉花根腐、黄萎病；蔬菜作物中白菜黑斑病，番茄的早疫病、灰霉病、立枯病，黄瓜灰霉病、立枯病、根腐病，马铃薯早疫病和晚疫病，甜椒、辣椒和樱桃早疫病，甘薯、甜菜、花生、豌豆的根腐病；果树中桃、梨的叶斑病，柑桔果腐病、炭疽病，草莓根腐病、西番莲茎腐病；花卉中五色梅、天竺葵灰霉病，君子兰疫病，芦荟炭疽病都有防治效果。
本发明在实际应用中，草本药用植物、大田作物、蔬菜作物、花卉等稀释倍数为500-1000的制剂每次每亩用药量为0.1-0.2kg，其中甲基丁香酚的用量为10-20g；木本药用植物、果树等每次每亩用药量为0.2-0.4kg，其中甲基丁香酚的用量为20-40g。
本发明的优点：甲基丁香酚可以从许多中药材中提取获得，是一种天然植物化合物，具有较强的抗植物病原真菌的作用。
四、具体实施方式
为更好的说明本发明，特列举以下实施例，但不限于这些实施例。
斑病菌Alternaria panax立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani、三七根腐病菌Fusarium sp.的抑制作用。结果见表1：
              表1：甲基丁香酚的抗菌活性
病原菌             抑制率％
  48h   96h   144h
  Alternaria panaxRhizoctonia solaniFusarium sp.   100100100   10010089.24   100-78.20
结果表明甲基丁香酚对人参黑斑病菌Alternaria panax立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani、三七根腐病菌Fusarium sp在室内都有较强的抑制作用。
实施例2：(1)10％甲基丁香酚SL制剂的制备：
称取甲基丁香酚10kg，烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚8kg，乙醇22kg，甲醇20kg；在反应釜中50℃下搅拌均匀后边滴加去离子水40kg，搅拌均匀即可。
(2)10％甲基丁香酚SL制剂室内离体抗菌活性测定
采用生长速率法，配制10％甲基丁香酚SL制剂，以人参黑斑病菌Alternaria panax、砂仁叶枯Pestalotipassi sp.、立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonoia solani、三七根腐病菌Fusarium sp.为供试菌，分别测定在稀释500、1000倍作用120h时的抗菌活性。抗菌效果见表2：
表2：10％甲基丁香酚SL制剂的抗菌效果
病原菌   抑制率％
  500倍   1000倍
  Alternaria panaxRhizoctonoia solaniFusarium sp.Pestalotipassi sp   68.8697.3060.0088.99   51.7687.3960.3478.90
结果表明10％甲基丁香酚SL制剂对人参黑斑病菌Alternaria panax、砂仁叶枯Pestalotipassi sp、立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonoia solani、三七根腐病菌Fusarium sp.都有不同程度的抑制作用，在稀释1000倍时抑制率都在50％以上。尤其对立枯丝核菌和砂仁叶枯病菌抑菌作用较强。
由于甲基丁香酚毒性很低，因此可以作为理想的环境友好型农药。

Claims (9)

1、甲基丁香酚在植物病害防治上的应用。
2、根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于甲基丁香酚或含有甲基丁香酚的杀菌剂在农业上的应用。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的应用，其中甲基丁香酚可配制成乳油、微乳剂、水乳剂、可溶性液剂、可湿性粉剂剂型的杀菌剂。
4、根据权利要求1或2所述的应用，其中杀菌剂可按下列重量组分配制成可溶性液剂、水乳剂、微乳剂。
甲基丁香酚                        5-20份
醇类溶剂                          10-15份
水                                20-50份
助剂                              10-25份
醇类溶剂选自甲醇或乙醇，助剂选自表面活性剂、渗透剂和增溶剂及其组合。
5、根据权利要求1-4所述的应用，甲基丁香酚可以用于药用植物、大田作物、蔬菜作物或果树园艺作物。
6、根据权力要求5的应用，本发明应用在草本药用植物、大田作物、蔬菜作物、花卉作物时将制剂稀释200-1000倍，用药量为每次0.05-0.2kg/亩，其中甲基丁香酚的用量为5-20g/亩；用于木本药用植物、果树时，将制剂稀释200-1000倍，用药量为每次0.1-0.4kg/亩，其中甲基丁香酚的用量为10-40g。
7、根据权利要求5所述的应用，其中药用植物选自人参、西洋参、三七、贝母、菊花、枸杞、砂仁、百合、白术或薏苡；大田作物选自小麦、玉米、水稻、马铃薯、甘薯、甜菜、花生、棉花；蔬菜作物选自白菜、番茄、黄瓜、甜椒、辣椒、豌豆或扁豆；果树园艺作物选自樱桃、桃、梨、柑桔、葡萄、草莓或西番莲；花卉选自五色梅、天竺葵、君子兰或芦荟。
8、根据权利要求1-4所述的应用，其中甲基丁香酚可以用于防治由交链孢菌Alternaria sp、立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani、疫病菌Phytophthora sp、刺盘孢菌Colletotrichum sp、镰刀菌Fusarium sp、葡萄孢霉Botrytis cinerea、茎点霉Phoma sp、轮枝菌Verticillium sp、盘多毛孢菌Pestalotia sp、黑粉菌Ustilago sp引起的多种植物病害。
9、根据权利要求7的应用，其中的多种植物病害为药用植物中人参、西洋参、三七的黑斑病、立枯病、疫病和根腐病，贝母灰霉病和鳞茎腐烂病，砂仁和菊花叶斑病，枸杞炭疽病，百合枯萎病，白术根腐病，薏苡黑粉病；大田作物中小麦赤霉病，玉米穗腐病、棉花根腐、黄萎病；蔬菜作物中白菜黑斑病，番茄的早疫病、灰霉病、立枯病，黄瓜灰霉病、立枯病、根腐病，马铃薯早疫病和晚疫病，甜椒、辣椒和樱桃早疫病，甘薯、甜菜、花生、豌豆的根腐病；果树中桃、梨的叶斑病，柑桔果腐病、炭疽病，草莓根腐病、西番莲茎腐病；花卉中五色梅、天竺葵灰霉病，君子兰疫病，芦荟炭疽病等。
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100488359C (zh) * 2007-04-26 2009-05-20 江苏省农业科学院 丁香酚微乳剂
CN101940206A (zh) * 2010-09-30 2011-01-12 江苏天容集团股份有限公司 丁香酚在防治植物病害方面的应用及其杀菌剂
CN102258577A (zh) * 2010-05-21 2011-11-30 成都医学院 丁香油、丁香酚及其衍生物在制备组胺h3受体拮抗剂或反向激动剂的药物中的用途
CN103081612A (zh) * 2013-02-25 2013-05-08 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 防治薏苡黑穗病的方法

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FR2697133B1 (fr) * 1992-10-28 1995-01-13 Transbiotech Composition biocide et/ou biostatique et ses applications.
US5965518A (en) * 1998-02-23 1999-10-12 Nakatsu; Tetsuo Fragrance compositions having antimicrobial activity
CN1235472C (zh) * 2004-09-17 2006-01-11 广东省昆虫研究所 一种桔小实蝇引诱剂

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100488359C (zh) * 2007-04-26 2009-05-20 江苏省农业科学院 丁香酚微乳剂
CN102258577A (zh) * 2010-05-21 2011-11-30 成都医学院 丁香油、丁香酚及其衍生物在制备组胺h3受体拮抗剂或反向激动剂的药物中的用途
CN101940206A (zh) * 2010-09-30 2011-01-12 江苏天容集团股份有限公司 丁香酚在防治植物病害方面的应用及其杀菌剂
CN103081612A (zh) * 2013-02-25 2013-05-08 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 防治薏苡黑穗病的方法
CN103081612B (zh) * 2013-02-25 2014-12-10 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 防治薏苡黑穗病的方法

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