CN1945037A - Design method for permanent magnet bias axial magnetic bearing - Google Patents
Design method for permanent magnet bias axial magnetic bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN1945037A CN1945037A CNA2006101142700A CN200610114270A CN1945037A CN 1945037 A CN1945037 A CN 1945037A CN A2006101142700 A CNA2006101142700 A CN A2006101142700A CN 200610114270 A CN200610114270 A CN 200610114270A CN 1945037 A CN1945037 A CN 1945037A
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- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- magnetic bearing
- permanent
- bearing
- guiding loop
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
- F16C32/0476—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of one degree of freedom, e.g. axial magnetic bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0461—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0465—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with permanent magnets provided in the magnetic circuit of the electromagnets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The design method of axial magnetic bearing with permanent magnetic bias has the displacement rigidity of the magnetic bearing as main consideration, and the maximum bearing capacity, saturation magnetic induction and tankful rate as restraint conditions. Compared with available design method with optimal work point of the permanent magnet as target, the method of the present invention has the advantages of easy control of radial magnetic bearing, reasonable permanent magnet size, high accuracy, and being simple and practical. The design philosophy of the present invention may be used in design of different kinds of axial magnetic bearing with permanent magnetic bias.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of design method of non-contact magnetically suspension bearing, particularly a kind of magnetically levitated flywheel, magnetic suspension control torque gyroscope etc. need the design method of the device of magnetic suspension bearing with permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing, and its design philosophy can be used as the design of all kinds of permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearings.
Background technique
Magnetic suspension bearing divides pure electromagnetic type and permanent magnet bias to power up the hybrid magnetic suspension bearing of magnetic control system, the former uses, and electric current is big, power consumption is big, permanent magnet bias powers up the hybrid magnetic suspension bearing of magnetic control system, main bearing capacity is born in the magnetic field that permanent magnet produces, electromagnetism magnetic field provides auxiliary adjusting bearing capacity, thereby this bearing can reduce to control electric current greatly, reduces the wastage.What magnetic bearings control mode commonly used adopted is traditional pid control mode, realize that the controller parameter of this kind mode determined by bearing rigidity and damping, through facts have proved in a large number, for making magnetic bearing have excellent characteristic, should make bearing rigidity and its displacement rigidity on the same order of magnitude, so the displacement rigidity of magnetic bearing is most important for the control of magnetic bearing.The design method of existing magnetic bearing all utilizes the permanent magnet best operating point to design, purpose is to make permanent magnet volume minimum, but the magnet size that calculates by this method is often not too reasonable, and cause processing difficulties, owing to do not consider the influence of displacement rigidity, thereby existing design method exists poor accuracy, unmanageable defective to control system.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of design method of permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing is provided, this method degree of accuracy height is easy to control.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of design method of permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing needs to determine: bearing support length L, width of rebate L
c, permanent magnet axial length h
Pm, interior magnetic guiding loop inside diameter D
Nn, interior magnetic guiding loop outer diameter D
Nw(be the permanent magnet outer diameter D
Pm1), outer magnetic guiding loop outer diameter D
Ww, outer magnetic guiding loop inside diameter D
Wn, the thrust disc inside diameter D
T2, the thrust disc outer diameter D
T1, the thrust disc axial length L
t, the permanent magnet outer diameter D
Pm1, conductive magnetic yoke thickness h and turn number N.
It is characterized in that: this method is based on the displacement rigidity K of magnetic bearing
x, its concrete steps are as follows:
(1) sets rotor speed n and maximum load capacity F according to the index request of the device of required magnetic suspension bearing
Max, require to set the static suspension current i according to power consumption, set gap length δ, set the displacement rigidity K of magnetic bearing according to the requirement of existing magnetic bearing controller according to existing level of processing
x, set leakage coefficient σ, set saturation magnetic induction B according to magnetic field analysis according to the magnetization characteristic of selected bearing support material
s
(2) determine the thrust disc inside diameter D according to the rotor speed n and the strength of materials
T2, consider that the air gap edge edge effect determines magnetic guiding loop inside diameter D in the axial magnetic bearing
Nn
(3) make the interior magnetic guiding loop sectional area of axial magnetic bearing equate, according to maximum load capacity F with outer magnetic guiding loop sectional area
MaxWith saturation magnetic induction B
sDetermine this sectional area A;
(4) calculate interior magnetic guiding loop outer diameter D
Nw, also be the permanent magnet outer diameter D
Pm1
(5) determine permanent magnet axial length h according to gap length δ
Pm, conductive magnetic yoke thickness h and width of rebate L
c
(6) according to displacement rigidity K
xAnd rotor gravity G determines current stiffness K
i, determine coil diameter d by current density, J and static suspension current i
c
(7) by displacement rigidity K
xCalculate the permanent magnet inside diameter D
Pm2
(8) require to determine outer magnetic guiding loop inside diameter D according to copper factor
Wn, calculate outer magnetic guiding loop outer diameter D by outer magnetic guiding loop sectional area A again
Ww
(9) by current stiffness K
iDetermine turn number N;
(10) by the close equal principle of magnetic circuit each several part magnetic, determine the bearing support length L.
Principle of the present invention is: the present invention starts with the displacement rigidity of axial magnetic bearing and designs, and sets each parameter as requested, by the magnetic circuit analysis and the calculating of axial magnetic bearing, can obtain other physical dimension of magnetic bearing.Can determine the thrust disc inside diameter D according to the rotor speed n and the strength of materials set
T2, consider that the air gap edge edge effect can determine magnetic guiding loop inside diameter D in the axial magnetic bearing
NnFor:
D
nn=D
t2+δ (1)
Make the interior magnetic guiding loop sectional area of axial magnetic bearing equate, according to maximum load capacity F with outer magnetic guiding loop sectional area
MaxWith saturation magnetic induction B
sDetermine this sectional area A by following formula:
μ in the formula
0=4 π * 10
-7H/m is the permeability of air.
Magnetic air gap length δ according between the rotor of setting can obtain permanent magnet axial length h
Pm, conductive magnetic yoke thickness h and width of rebate L
cFor:
h
pm=K
1·δ (3)
h=K
2·h
pm (4)
L
c=K
3·h
pm (5)
K in the formula
1, K
2, K
3Be constant, rule of thumb obtain.
By (1) formula and interior magnetic guiding loop inside diameter D
NnMagnetic guiding loop outer diameter D in calculating
Nw(be the permanent magnet outer diameter D
Pm1) be:
According to displacement rigidity K
xAnd rotor gravity G can get current stiffness K
i:
Rotor center was apart from the side-play amount of magnetic center when x was static suspension in the formula.
Determine coil diameter d by current density, J and static suspension current i
cFor:
Then according to the NBS value.
By displacement rigidity K
xDetermine the permanent magnet inside diameter D according to formula (9)~(13)
Pm2:
C
3=(R
pm+R
1)·δ·C
2+R
pm·R
1 (11)
A in the formula
nBe interior magnetic guiding loop area, A
wBe outer magnetic guiding loop area, and A
n=A
w=A, wherein F
Pm=H
PmH
PmBe the magnetomotive force of permanent magnet, H
PmBe the coercivity of permanent magnet, generally be taken as 760kA/m~790kA/m; μ
PmBe the relative permeability of permanent magnet, generally be taken as 1.03~1.05, R
1Be the magnetic resistance of interstice, for:
Require to determine outer magnetic guiding loop inside diameter D according to copper factor
Wn, calculate outer magnetic guiding loop outer diameter D by outer magnetic guiding loop sectional area A again
WwFor:
Consider the air gap edge edge effect, can obtain the thrust disc outer diameter D
T1For:
D
t1=D
ww+δ (15)
By current stiffness K
iThe calculating turn number N is:
Determine that according to the close basic principle that equates of bearing support various piece magnetic the bearing support length L is:
The thrust disc axial length L
tCan determine according to the close basic principle that equates of bearing support each several part magnetic equally:
So far, whole permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing design finishes.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art is: the present invention is because employing is the design method of starting point with the axial magnetic bearing displacement rigidity, is that the design method of starting point is compared with existing axial magnetic bearing with the permanent magnet best operating point, be beneficial to control more, the structural parameter that obtain are more reasonable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing structural drawing that the present invention is directed to;
Fig. 2 is a design flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing stator module pictorial diagram designed according to this invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, design object of the present invention is a kind of magnetically levitated flywheel permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing, and 1 is conductive magnetic yoke among the figure, 2 is interstice, and 3 is permanent magnet, and 4 is coil, 5 is bearing support, and 6 are the magnetic air gap between bearing support (being also referred to as stator) and the thrust disc, and 7 is thrust disc.Set the displacement rigidity K of this axial magnetic bearing according to the requirement of existing magnetic bearing controller
xFor-0.7N/um, set gap length δ according to existing level of processing and be taken as 0.25mm, in order to make magnetic bearing electricity magnetic excitation circuit through interstice formation loop and without permanent magnet, avoid permanent magnet in the too much magnetomotive force of interstice loss simultaneously, thereby the length of interstice should be a bit larger tham 2 times of gap lengths, gets interstice δ at this
1Be 0.6mm, setting leakage coefficient σ according to the magnetic field analysis of this magnetic bearing is 1.3, sets maximum load capacity F according to the index request of magnetically levitated flywheel
MaxBe 1230N, rotor speed n is 5000r/min, setting the static suspension current i according to the power consumption requirement of magnetically levitated flywheel is 0.2A, and the bearing support and the conductive magnetic yoke of axial magnetic bearing are selected electrical pure iron DT4 for use among this embodiment, set the saturation magnetic induction B of each magnetic conduction part material according to the magnetization curve of DT4
sBeing 1.2T, is 40% according to the level set copper factor that rolls off the production line that has coil now.Set the thrust disc inside diameter D by the rotor speed n and the strength of materials
T2=63mm,
According to above condition, can get interior magnetic guiding loop inside diameter D by formula (1)
Nn=63.25mm.Can draw the inside and outside magnetic guiding loop sectional area of axial magnetic bearing stator A=1100mm by formula (2)
2, establish K
1=10, K
2=1, K
3=4, can obtain permanent magnet axial length h by (3)~(5) formula
Pm=2.5mm, conductive magnetic yoke thickness h=2.5mm, width of rebate L
c=10mm calculates interior magnetic guiding loop outer diameter D by formula (6)
Nw=73.9mm can get current stiffness K by formula (7) and (8)
i=374.3N/A, coil diameter d
c=0.35mm by (9)~(13) formula as can be seen, is difficult to obtain by displacement rigidity K
xThe permanent magnet inside diameter D that direct representation goes out
Pm2Representation, in order to calculate the permanent magnet inside diameter D
Pm2, adopt in the present embodiment and set the permanent magnet inside diameter D from big to small
Pm2Value, substitution displacement rigidity K
xRepresentation (12) is obtained displacement rigidity K
x, as the K that calculates
xDiffer less than 1% o'clock with setting value, think the value D of permanent magnet internal diameter this moment
Pm2Be design load.Can calculate the permanent magnet inside diameter D by this method
Pm2=66.8mm requires to determine outer magnetic guiding loop inside diameter D according to copper factor
Wn=95.9mm calculates outer magnetic guiding loop outer diameter D by outer magnetic guiding loop sectional area A according to formula (14)
Ww=102.8mm considers the air gap edge edge effect, can get the thrust disc outer diameter D by formula (15)
T1=103.05mm can calculate turn number N=355 by formula (16),, can get the thrust disc axial length by formula (18) and is by formula (17) calculation bearing body length L=14mm according to the close basic equal principle of bearing support each several part magnetic: L
t=4.2mm, so far, this permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing design finishes.
It is known that the content that is not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belongs to related domain professional and technical personnel
Prior art.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of design method of permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing is characterized in that: this method is based on the displacement rigidity K that at first determines magnetic bearing
x, its concrete steps are as follows:
(1) at first sets the displacement rigidity K of magnetic bearing
x, rotor speed n, gap length δ, interstice length δ
1, leakage coefficient σ, maximum load capacity F
Max, static suspension current i and saturation magnetic induction B unshakable in one's determination
s
(2) determine the thrust disc inside diameter D according to the rotor speed n and the strength of materials
T2, consider that the air gap edge edge effect determines magnetic guiding loop inside diameter D in the axial magnetic bearing
Nn
(3) make the interior magnetic guiding loop sectional area of axial magnetic bearing equate, according to maximum load capacity F with outer magnetic guiding loop sectional area
MaxWith saturation magnetic induction B
sDetermine this sectional area A;
(4) calculate interior magnetic guiding loop outer diameter D
Nw, also be the permanent magnet outer diameter D
Pm1
(5) determine permanent magnet axial length h according to gap length δ
Pm, conductive magnetic yoke thickness h and width of rebate L
c
(6) according to displacement rigidity K
xAnd rotor gravity G determines current stiffness K
i, determine coil diameter d by current density, J and static suspension current i
c
(7) by displacement rigidity K
xCalculate the permanent magnet inside diameter D
Pm2
(8) require to determine outer magnetic guiding loop inside diameter D according to copper factor
Wn, calculate outer magnetic guiding loop outer diameter D by outer magnetic guiding loop sectional area A again
Ww, consider that the thrust disc outer diameter D is determined in the edge effect of air gap
T1
(9) by current stiffness K
iDetermine turn number N;
(10) by the close equal principle of magnetic circuit each several part magnetic, determine bearing support length L and thrust disc axial length L
t
2, the design method of a kind of permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described gap length δ is taken as 0.15~0.35mm.
3, the design method of a kind of permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described interstice length δ
1Greater than 2 times of gap length δ, be taken as 0.4~1mm.
4, the design method of a kind of permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described displacement rigidity span determines by controller, be taken as-0.5N/um~-2N/um.
5, the design method of a kind of permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described leakage coefficient σ is taken as 1.1~3.
6, the design method of a kind of permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described copper factor is taken as 40%~60%.
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CNB2006101142700A CN100406760C (en) | 2006-11-03 | 2006-11-03 | Design method for permanent magnet bias axial magnetic bearing |
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CNB2006101142700A CN100406760C (en) | 2006-11-03 | 2006-11-03 | Design method for permanent magnet bias axial magnetic bearing |
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CN1945037A true CN1945037A (en) | 2007-04-11 |
CN100406760C CN100406760C (en) | 2008-07-30 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103758865A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-30 | 西安交通大学 | Permanent magnet biased unilateral axial magnetic suspension bearing |
CN115388089A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2022-11-25 | 山东天瑞重工有限公司 | Axial magnetic bearing and design method thereof |
Family Cites Families (2)
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---|---|---|---|---|
JP3696398B2 (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 2005-09-14 | Ntn株式会社 | Hydrostatic magnetic compound bearing and spindle device |
CN1270108C (en) * | 2005-01-27 | 2006-08-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Low power consumption permanent magnet biased axial magnetic bearing |
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2006
- 2006-11-03 CN CNB2006101142700A patent/CN100406760C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103758865A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-30 | 西安交通大学 | Permanent magnet biased unilateral axial magnetic suspension bearing |
CN115388089A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2022-11-25 | 山东天瑞重工有限公司 | Axial magnetic bearing and design method thereof |
CN115388089B (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-01-20 | 山东天瑞重工有限公司 | Axial magnetic bearing and design method thereof |
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Granted publication date: 20080730 Termination date: 20181103 |