CN1943177A

CN1943177A - System and process for transmitting and evaluating data in a bus system having a ring topology

Info

Publication number: CN1943177A
Application number: CNA2005800112576A
Authority: CN
Inventors: W·哈特; E·贝尔
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2004-04-13
Filing date: 2005-04-13
Publication date: 2007-04-04
Also published as: DE102004018316A1; JP2007533226A; WO2005101749A1; EP1738532A1

Abstract

System and process for transmitting and evaluating data, with at least two subscribers which participate in the evaluation, as well as corresponding subscribers. Data are transmitted in data frames and at least one position in the data frame is associated with each of the subscribers which participate in the evaluation. Data are transmitted over a plurality of transmission paths, each transmission path forming a ring, a coupling unit being provided for each ring in each of the subscribers which participate in the evaluation in order to couple the data concerning the present subscriber which participates in the evaluation to the at least one position in the data frame provided for that purpose, while the remaining data in the data frame positions to which no data are coupled concerning said subscriber are retransmitted without being processed.

Description

The system and method for transmission and evaluating data in having the bus system of ring topology

Prior art

Starting point of the present invention is to be used to transmit and evaluating data and at least two system and method and corresponding users that participate in the user of evaluation according to the as described in the preamble a kind of of independent claims.

Known this system from WO 02/49271 A2 that loop network is shown, wherein unique user connects by two loops with opposite respectively transmission direction.Except using towards the annular data path of this redundancy of mutually opposite direction, in other k-out-of-n system (Votingsystem) or evaluation system, in loop network, multiplely transmit data in the same direction by the additional connection that exceeds the redundancy outside the individual node, as this for example shown in DE 10,307 749 A1.Even in this k-out-of-n system or in the opposite voting structure as among the above-mentioned WO02/49271 A2, in loop network, transmit data towards identical or opposite direction multiplely just by the additional connection that exceeds the redundancy outside the individual node.For with in this network of data feed-in, in network node, keep in for this reason and transmit the whole Frame (being entire frame) of data with it, and just send two frames usually after a while again, as for example in the MOST implementation defined (this being seen also MOST Network Transceiver (MOST network transceivers) OS8104, DS 8104 FP in the January, 4,2003 of OasisSilicon Systems).In the k-out-of-n system that the time requirement hard real time is used,, also limited the quantity of network node by this delay of data in the network even each user's (being each node) delay is restricted to unique temporary frame.The duration of this Frame or frame is about 22 μ s under the situation of the transmission rate of 22.5Mbit/s and 64 bytes of every frame.Under the situation of eight network nodes (being the user), the frame of being kept in then continues at least 182 μ s or two Frames continue 364 μ s, is transferred to until data till all nodes of network.The exchange of the transmission of necessary a plurality of data and intermediate object program and final result is therefore in unacceptable duration that number of nodes or number of users have caused voting process or evaluation procedure during more than four users during in when voting, at evaluating data.

Especially in distributed, security-related system or network, essential exchanges data between the user who is participated in, even this exchanges data yet causes decision-making reliably or estimates under the situation of fault, just fault must be discerned reliably, and the corresponding measure of the fail safe loss or the system failure must be can taked to avoid.This distributed, security-related system for example is known as line transmission control system (X-by-wire) system in vehicular field.At this, most important task is to guarantee the safety of the function aspects of this system.

Therefore proposed following task, that is, in view of from system commonly known in the art, further improved fail safe in the scope of the security-related requirement that has improved, its mode is to make above-mentioned delay minimization as much as possible.

The invention advantage

For this reason, have being used to transmit and being of at least two users that participate in to estimate with the method for evaluating data and the starting point of at least one user and system, transmit data with Frame, and at least one position in each user's distribute data frame that participates in estimating, wherein, in constituting many transmission paths of loop respectively, transmit data.Advantageously in each user who participates in estimating, one input coupling unit is set for each loop, so that the user's data that will participate in accordingly estimating input is coupled at least one position that is provided with respectively in the Frame for this reason, wherein, do not add handle ground transmit Frame as the remaining data in the upper/lower positions, the input of being unrealized in this user is coupled in these positions.Just, according to the present invention, in the relevant scope of Frame, have only relevant node or user's logging data, and all other data or not can't help the user and change, and there be not common lingeringly directly the transmitting of prior art by bypass to the position of wherein realizing this input coupling.Therefore advantageously with network in number of nodes irrespectively, guaranteed during this Frame, voted data or evaluating data are transferred to all other user or nodes in the network.

At this, the input coupling unit advantageously comprises counter, has determined in Frame respectively at the set position of user's data by this counter.

The input coupling unit comprises Multiplexing module aptly in addition, and the input coupling or the forwarding of data are realized in relevant ground with the meter reading of above-mentioned counter according to the position in the Frame by this Multiplexing module.In special form of implementation, the input coupling unit can be placed in the control unit that also will illustrate after a while at this.

Binary system ground transmits data as bit in an advantageous manner, so that be provided with at least one bit storage element for each loop, the data synchronization of coupling, application triggers module especially for this reason in Frame, have been realized to import by this bit storage element.

In suitable improvement project, in each user, be provided with an input and an output for each loop, and distributed this bit storage element respectively to each output.In order to import coupling process better synchronously, import and an output but in each user, be provided with one also can for each loop, and distribute this bit storage element respectively to each and each output in these inputs.

Therefore, can be when improving the input coupling in varying degrees the relevant data transmission synchronously.

According to the present invention, in following system, advantageously adopt this method, transmission path has been described by this system in first loop with opposite respectively transmission direction and second loop.

Also be provided with the user aptly, especially be provided with the user that at least one oneself participate in not to be estimated, but still with the data (for example as control information) of special use but input be coupled in the preposition in the Frame.This input coupling unit also can be set here, wherein, just in time not change with direct all other data of forwarding, especially at the data in the position of the user's data frame that participates in voting.

In preferred form of implementation, be provided with main user, this main user oneself carries out evaluation, and comprise at least one clock unit or be connected that wherein, this clock unit has been scheduled to be used to transmit all loops, the i.e. clock of the data of all transmission paths at his this respect with this clock unit.

From specification and accessory rights require to have drawn in the described feature, should be in evaluation structure or voting structure according to other advantage of local bypass as suggested in the present invention and favourable improvement project.

Accompanying drawing

Below elaborate the present invention by accompanying drawing.At this,

Fig. 1 shows the system of the present invention with corresponding voting structure.

Fig. 2 shows the system when line interruption occurring.

Fig. 3 shows the system when user's fault.

Figure 4 illustrates each user's internal structure, and figure 5 illustrates the user's of time base (clock unit) structure with oneself.

Fig. 6 shows the example according to frame structure of the present invention.

Fig. 7 shows the principal and subordinate's combination in the system of the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows the fault of the master side in principal and subordinate's combination.

Fig. 9 shows the fault of master side's fault or whole principal and subordinate combination and additional standby master side, and

Figure 10 shows the fault of main side when occurring second fault at the same time or principal and subordinate's combination, and this second fault is such as selecting user and the formation subsystem that connects or have additional standby master side.

Figure 11 shows the system of the present invention according to the corresponding voting structure of Fig. 1 of having among Figure 11 a once more with Figure 11 a and 11b, wherein, characterizes by hacures and to participate in the user that estimates.Figure 11 b show for this reason a kind of other according to Frame of the present invention, this Frame represents specifically to participate in the user's data estimated and the transmission of control information.

Figure 12 shows the input coupling unit among the user in opposite loop structure once more simplifiedly.

Elaborate the present invention by embodiment now.

The embodiment explanation

Fig. 1 shows to have the principal and subordinate and makes up 100 voting structure, and this principal and subordinate makes up 100 and has master side 103 and from side 104.In addition, from 105 to 110 show other six users as from the side, promptly especially do not have oneself clock unit from the side.In two opposite loop R1 and R2, realized being connected of user 103 to 110, so that the annular data path (just in time being R1 and R2) of two redundancies that will be in the opposite direction is used to carry out transfer of data.The principal and subordinate makes up 100 can improve fail safe in addition, and its mode is except master side and can bears the clock unit 101 and 102 that is provided with two redundancies from the side equally of master side's function.At this, but also a clock unit can only be set, this clock unit at first is assigned to master side, and promptly this clock unit is not included in this master side and when fault clock information is handed to from side 104, so that keep operation.So essentially at this be, will the side of leading 103 and be arranged as neighbours from side 104 and spatially arrange contiguously, so that transfer clock information without a doubt.

In Fig. 2, replace the principal and subordinate to make up 100 now, only show master side 200 with clock unit 201.According to the present invention, use the principal and subordinate make up 100 or independent master side 200 be optional and tradable.If fault in system, occurred now, for example so be in the line interruption that illustrates between

user

107 and 108, then can be redirected (Informationsumleitung) and keep transfer of data in the system by the information of carrying out in corresponding user.That is to say, interrupt, between all nodes, yet have reliable exchanges data even all between two nodes or the user connect.But this only because, always in each user, analyze and handle the data of two loop R1 and R2 according to the present invention, and in the user, do not realize the simple transmission of data on the contrary with prior art.Only under following prerequisite, promptly whole user (being user 107 here) fault figure 3 illustrates identical situation.But as illustrated in fig. 2, just in time be here when the user's of remainder node or user's fault, also can continue to keep transfer of data.

Fig. 4 shows user's structure now, has wherein realized the horizontal connection between the loop.

These laterally are connected and are illustrated as connecting 1 among Fig. 4,400V1 be illustrated as being connected 2,400V2.User or node have the first input 400E1 and the first output 400A1, and have the second input 400E2 and the second output 400A2.Can realize two transmission paths according to loop R1 and R2 in principle by these input and output.But,, now be provided with the control unit 401 or 402 that produces state information therein according to every transmission paths according to the present invention.This state information for example includes the network information of artis or user's fault, perhaps also comprises fault message, perhaps also comprises the malfunction of the connection of two fractures between the user.According to each control unit 401 or 402, each user can oneself produce this state information.So can exchange this state information by corresponding connection 400V1 or the 400V2 between the loop.This realizes that by by input coupling unit 406 state information especially being imported to be coupled in the Frame this Frame also will describe in detail in Fig. 6.407 are used for determining the accurate position of state information in frame, and this for example can realize by the counting equipment that bit or byte are counted.

Same situation is applicable to the other direction with input coupling unit 409 and detecting unit 410.Be provided with analytic unit 405 equally, or be provided with analytic unit 408, be used for analyzing the state information that enters frame by input at other direction.At this, these unit 405,406 and 407 also not only can be set in the control unit but also can be set at outside the control unit.This also is applicable to another direction, promptly is applicable to element 408,409 and 410.Analytic unit 408 on analytic unit 405 or the rightabout is used for analysis state information now and constructs like this, break down when analysis state information if make, other fault in for example connection or user's fault or the network just in time appears, then at a corresponding loop (also promptly normal connect), go up here for 400R1 and can stop the transmission of data, and be alternative in this place and can realize importing and be coupled by connecting 400V1.Can directly realize the activation of this connection 400V1 now by the control input 401ST1 of conversion element 403, so that on the one hand can be with the state information feed-in of the special use relevant position in the transmission frame of phase negative side, same as any other data message, or under the situation of significant trouble, the information that can realize is from complete be redirected of normal path 400R1 by connection 400V1.At this,, then stop transmission by 400R1 by the control connection 401ST2 that leads to conversion element 404 if in loop R1, fault occurred.Similarly, this realizes by control unit 402 and analytic unit 408 for other direction.Here activated connection 400V2 at least in part by control input 402ST1 now, be transmitting state information or other data, up to having carried out whole data redirection, and can stop through the normal forwarding among the loop R2 of 400R2 by the control input 402ST2 of conversion element 403 equally according to detecting element 410.According to the present invention connection can be set between control unit in addition, here be shown in dotted line, so that between control unit, adjust this measure according to the importance of corresponding fault or fault, for this reason can importance typing priority list with these faults or fault in.

In Fig. 5, show the identical functions of the user with clock unit 511 now, wherein, also be provided with

control unit

501 and 502,

analytic unit

505 and 508, detecting

unit

507 and 510,

input coupling unit

506 and 509,

conversion element

503 and 504 here, be used to activate the control corresponding input 501ST2 and 501ST1 and 502ST2 and the 502ST1 that are connected 500V1 or 500V2, be coupled in the different loops so that realize the data input, maybe will import 500E1 and be transformed into and maybe will import 500E2 on the output 500A2 and be transformed into and export on the 500A1.Especially as getting off differentiation, promptly this user comprises clock unit 511 to this user, and therefore can work as master side or standby master side in system.In others, the function of described part is corresponding to the function that has illustrated among Fig. 4.Two control units that are used to adjust 501 and 502 be connected also can be set here.

In Fig. 6, exemplarily be provided with the frame that is used to carry out transfer of data, transmit all data, wherein, distributed certain data area to each node that participates in voting to show synchronization frame.The frame of being advised here with mark preamble (Praeambel) P at top of frame begin.After this, illustrate with S and can comprise from the state information of a bit until a byte or a plurality of bytes.DT1, DT2 to DTN are corresponding to the data area of the relative users T1, the T2 to TN that participate in voting (being to be 103 to 110 or 200 in the past in the accompanying drawing).The control information of having stipulated other with CI, and loop information is shown and the end (being the frame end) of frame is shown with EOF with LI.Therefore now according to Fig. 4,5 and 6, by analyzing loop according to corresponding analytic unit 406,408,506 or 508, with by message transmission being given the opposite loop among the specific state range S, along with the state information among corresponding next node of corresponding analysis or the user can be discerned fault, and therefore can import coupling and revise data, perhaps under the situation of the malfunction of the circuit between user or the user, state information can be transformed in the corresponding connection fully.Just for example at Fig. 4 or Fig. 5, enter into control unit from the information of a direction, especially state information by input E2 (being 400E2 or 500E2), and it is analyzed in this control unit, and this information enters into control unit 501 or 401 equally by input E1 (being 400E1 or 500E1) in the opposite direction on the other hand, and analyzed there, as illustrated in fig. 4.Therefore can automatically detect the interruption of the circuit between fault, especially two nodes or the user, more precisely as on this position, removing two loops or user's complete failure fully.At this, a user is worked as master side, and is scheduled to the clock of its clock unit for whole network (being whole system).At this, as illustrated, can realize clock unit, and under the situation of master side user fault redundantly, the node that each has the element that leads to this generation clock, promptly lead to the passage of this clock unit can be born this function.So according to the seriousness of fault,, or can realize the conversion completely of data flow, promptly be redirected to another loop, or but under more not serious situation, can realize bypass from a loop as illustrated in Fig. 2 and 3.Just except guiding from the side, such as already explained at this, also can just in time realize revising by the information of input coupling from other control unit in relative loop.

According to Fig. 6, come the information or the data of transmission system with the frame of predetermined length.At this, for example adopt 32,64 or 128 bytes, perhaps also adopt other frame length arbitrarily.Each frame begins with preamble P, and comes coded data like this, makes for example can realize clock recovery (Taktrueckgewinnung) by PLL.Can on electric physical layer, realize transfer of data at this, such as by unshielded twisted pair UTP (Unshealded Twistet Pair) or also realize low voltage differential command LVDS (Low Voltage Differencial Signaling) or realize other electric or optical delivery arbitrarily by Shielded Twisted Pair STP (Shealded Twisted Pair).For all activated node or user, promptly, be provided with frame position DT1, DT2 to DTN according to relative users for those nodes or the user that participate in voting.At this, length is relevant with the predetermined quantity of user who participates in voting or node.Because all nodes or user's synchronous working owing to use the identical clock frequency of identical clock, can bypass not be all information or the whole data that generated by relevant user promptly.Essential two or three triggers of the realization of the best of this bypass or comparable memory and delay element are so that can carry out the new data that can include in by each user and the data volume of wanting bypass on the corresponding construction in frame synchronously.Therefore, the data independence ground with relevant user's the data volume that will embed maybe will embed only postpones two or three clocks at each node place with whole data structure or whole data, and thereby it seems that for all users who receives almost be simultaneously.If determined frame position is used for each user's data, then unessential address overhead (Adress-Overhead).Therefore whole data rate or entire frame almost completely can be used for spendable information.Also for the process of complexity, and transmit all nodes simultaneously and be formed in combination the very short exchanges data cycle.

Herein voting process or evaluation procedure should be described tout court once more.In order to carry out voting, each user must can implement simple arithmetic, logic and comparison operation.For example each simple or little processor of deciding by vote in unit can be used to implement these tasks for this reason.So this little processor can be a control unit, or is included in this control unit so that the correct operation of control data stream, analysis state information and inspection user, as Fig. 4 and illustrated in fig. 5.The different user of system is implementation evaluation process, i.e. voting independently of each other.Each user obtains for example input variable of transducer, and these input variables are used for accounting process or computational process.According to for the necessary sensors of various types of safety system, can on the tolerable order of magnitude, distinguish user's input variable.Therefore but from identical input variable, exchange, estimate all input variables in the time of can beginning in the evaluation procedure of voting for still, and calculate correspondingly according to each and to substitute.So calculate, and exchange result as the execution of second step.After this, then can in each user, carry out voting, and can exchange evaluation result equally.So can influence executive component by analyzing these voting results, so that realize desirable system response.Can will when finishing, the voting process provide unacceptable result's user to get rid of outside estimating.Therefore, the mode that can mate of user, the user that especially is left after getting rid of and method have no significant effect global system and idiocratically move.At this, the information that is used for the different phase of this evaluation procedure separated from each other can be positioned in state information equally, such data transmitted as the validity of these data.Same also have system mode with movable number of users and in view of these state of user of deciding by vote.Therefore, each user can estimate any other state of user, and can therefore easily find fault when variant.When each user had been excluded outside the voting process, this remained possible even, because each user can obtain all information of all other users.Therefore, for example make a strategic decision and when consistent again with evaluation result by master side, also can be again with the user admission that has been excluded in the voting process.By this way with method can discern and grasp user place, only cause temporary eliminating user's especially instantaneous fault.Except the employing property of voting, this structure also is applicable to other data exchange process, such as being suitable for the connection of doing between the different bus system (gateway).

In each user, should check the data message of arrival, for example test for the quantity of code mistake, preamble, byte quantity, frame, EOF byte or the like.Under the situation of the fault of other appearance of the mistake in lacking system activity or frame structure or especially process node or user, can get rid of this user as mentioned above.Owing to this reason, after control information CI, introduced loop information LI, so that be sent on another loop the information of a loop (i.e. transmission direction) or another transmission direction, so that determine from two transmission directions or from the user's of two loop R1, R2 accessibility.Therefore, because all non-master side users obtain and the same information of master side user,, and under the situation of master side's decision-making that can't illustrate, independently move so these non-master side users can monitor this master side user equally.Therefore can on one's own initiative the side of leading be got rid of outside system as out of order non-master side equally; Use bypass, or do not have the great security risk ground in the system to take risks, so that when single or multiple fault, always occur the highest possible functional by resetting always.This elaborates by Fig. 7 to 10 once more following.

Fig. 7 also shows the system configuration with master and slave devices 700, master side 103 and non-master side user 104 once more.

Redundant clock unit

702 and 703 have been shown in piece 701, these

clock units

702 and 703 or can be assigned to master side 103, can be assigned to non-master side 104, and therefore for system, the loop R1 and the R 2 that promptly have user 105 to 110 and 103 and 104 can predetermined clock.By realizing that this principal and subordinate with a plurality of clock generators or

clock unit

702 and 703 makes up 700, with by realizing the vicinity on the space between master side and the non-master side, also can be when fault simply substitute master side, as illustrated in fig. 8 with the substitute of so far data path.If master side's 103 faults then can be set up from user 104 to the user on the one hand 110 connection about loop 1, and can set up connection between user 110 and the user 104 by the master side 103 that walks around damage about loop 2 on the other hand.Principal and subordinate combination or even as shown in Figure 9 have the simple master side 200 whole faults of clock unit the time, still the operation that can keep all the other users 105 to 110 as illustrated, as long as standby master side (being 107b) has the visit to other clock unit 900, also still keep this operation here.Also can be in system multiple this equivalence master side or the standby master side of being provided with, it also is possible calibrating safely here consequently that (Sicherheitsskalierung) or fault calibrate.Therefore for example by substitute have two standby master side (as illustrated in fig. 10) 105b that

clock unit

1001 and 1002 is conducted interviews and 110b between master side 200 and

user

107 and 108 be connected simultaneous faults the time, also can realize the formation of subsystem, these subsystems are continuing to keep certain basic function aspect it.If in this subsystem, continue to comprise three or more user, then can continue to carry out voting equally, promptly estimate, continue to carry out voting, promptly estimate for function or rather by these user's controls.In other two remaining users, when aspect homogeny, coming just, can realize at least a local the evaluation to functional comparing.According to applied clock unit in system, promptly according to quantity and device, can therefore in the fail safe scope, realize calibration, its mode is to be scheduled to potential sub-network.

Therefore, utilize this solution of the present invention to illustrate to have high that require in real time, be used for system to the application of safety requirements strictness.Specifically under the situation of (gleitend) the master side of floating when master side's fault, once must consider the PLL on high duration of oscillation, the especially new system frequency (being new clock) so far.This can be by avoiding this master side of floating possibility and by avoiding at two loops or the identical clock of transmission path employing.Simultaneously can realize fail safe completely because in this structure with corresponding function, when all connections between two users are interrupted, or even when the interruption of a user, especially main square complete failure, guaranteed complete exchanges data.Therefore, the present invention can be advantageously used in all application to the safety requirements strictness, in line transmission control system system, and specifically be used in everywhere carry out estimate, i.e. the occasion of voting.

In Figure 11 a, illustrate once more for this evaluation, wherein, understand the user's (being 103,110,106 and 107) who participates in evaluation here by shadow line label according to Fig. 1.Utilize following code shown in Figure 11 b according to the corresponding Frame of Fig. 6: preamble P, control information S, Data Position with the user shown in DT103, DT106, DT107 and the DT110 103,106,107 and 110, and the control information CI of display network state especially, other control information that relates to Frame itself among the terminal EOF of field SF and frame.At this, also can cancel field SF, and these information can be positioned among the field EOF also.On the same top or end that the state information of field S and other position among Frame CI and the SF can be placed in arbitrarily according to the present invention in the Frame.

What go out as shown is such, and in evaluation structure or voting structure, present user to each participation voting or evaluation divides the data area that is used in this Frame that transmits data.In this scope, has only relevant user's logging data.In addition, according to predetermined in the system or agreement, the user can with as state information S or relevant frame SF or even state information and the EOF data of CI be entered in the common field.

Do not change all other data, promptly especially do not change the data in the Frame, and therefore can lingeringly directly not transmit these data by bypass according to other user's position.In Figure 12, schematically in corresponding transmission direction, show this input coupling unit once more with bypass functionality for this reason.In Figure 4 and 5, found the principle of this input coupling unit, and consider once more that here bypass functionality only is simpler and illustrates with mating, wherein, individual feature can be included in the control unit of Figure 4 and 5 equally or also can be included in other parts of these accompanying drawings.

In Figure 12, show user and the input coupling unit of considering described bypass functionality with 1200.At this, show input 1200E1 and 1200E2 according to corresponding transmission direction.Similarly show output 1200A1 and 1200A2 according to respective loops.With the 1201 and 1202 input coupling units that show each transmission direction respectively.These

input coupling units

1201 and 1202 comprise

counter

1203 or 1204, multiplexer or

Multiplexing module

1205 or 1206 and bit storage element, especially

igniter module

1207 or 1208 respectively.In order to improve the bit storage element that other is set synchronously alternatively, especially equally igniter module can be set, be illustrated as

piece

1209 and 1210 respectively at input side.

With this input coupling unit and the bypass functionality of being guaranteed, now also may with other, especially a plurality of nodes or user admission be in this network, just also admit this node or user, these nodes or user itself do not have contribution to be used to the data of putting to the vote or being used to estimate, but for example can transmit important control information as the user data DT among control information field S or the SF.So this user who does not participate in estimating also can obtain about evaluation procedure and about all information of network state, and therefore have ability in principle and get involved flow process at their this respect.

Therefore, as shown in Figure 11 a, all of system can be connect assemblies of safety requirements strictness, not have in voting, the transfer of data of the high data necessary amount of emerging in large numbers when promptly estimating and do not influence.In each network node, introduce

Multiplexing module

1205 and 1206 and

synchronizer trigger

1207 and 1208 according to the present invention for this reason, wherein, Multiplexing module is respectively or from input 1200E1 or 1200E2, directly transmit data by other synchronizer trigger in case of necessity to output 1200A1 or 1200A2, automatic network node in the future here, the data that are user itself are come feed-in as user data DT by additional input, this has following main feature, promptly pass through counter, especially byte or bit counter (being counter module), here be 1203 or 1204 to control this multiplexer, and in different nodes or user, under the situation of different meter readings, can activate bypass.In the node that does not participate in deciding by vote, transmit all data without change immediately.As long as should send control information here and/or other for example global network information and control information, only control frame part SF or even S just constituted a kind of exception.Especially when some data byte of only answering in the replacement frame, the bypass of part of the present invention also may be used for MOST and use.The Route Selection engine (Routing-Engine) that can pass through to be implemented in the MOST system is controlled.

Transmit all data with synchronization frame, wherein, distributed certain data area in the frame to each node that participates in voting.For from the side,, so that can cancel additional clock line according to these data recovered clock.Also can remove the additional circuit that resets from because can be in S and/or SF communicating control information.System fully synchronously works, and therefore can be triggered in time.With the data of direct forwarding therein only one of synchronization delay to two clocks from square node differently, must keep in the data at the place, arrival master side of frame, because the frame that arrives and leave is not mutually synchronous, but relevant with corresponding network delay (being the network total delay).Therefore, in master side's node or main user, also postponing just, what a frame ground sends this voted data again.

Therefore, main user or master side send the Frame of the byte with constant number, and the user uses according to these data clock recovered.The user of each participation voting process is assigned with data area or the position in the Frame.This user is logging data in being assigned to his scope only.Other data of bypass.At this, also can imagine according to the present invention, each network node, be that the user also can be entered into data in a plurality of data areas, especially also can be entered among control frame scope S and/or the SF.

By solution of the present invention, in to the application of safety requirements strictness, adopt described system to become possibility with high real-time requirement.When the high data amount of emerging in large numbers and in a plurality of interconnected users, also can very rapidly exchange voted data, intermediate object program and voting result.

Claims

1. be used to transmit and evaluating data and at least two systems that participate in the user of described evaluation, wherein, transmit described data with Frame, and distribute at least one position in the described Frame to the user that each participates in described evaluation, wherein, the described data of transmission in constituting many transmission paths of loop respectively, it is characterized in that, participate in giving among the user of described evaluation each loop to be provided with the input coupling unit at each, be coupled to difference in the described Frame for this reason and at least one position that is provided with so that will participate in the user's data input of described evaluation accordingly, wherein, remaining data in the following position of the described Frame of forwarding are unrealized to import in this user and are coupled in the described position with being untreated.

2. by the described system of claim 1, it is characterized in that described input coupling unit comprises counter, determine in described Frame respectively at the set position of described user's data by this counter.

3. by the described system of claim 2, it is characterized in that, described input coupling unit comprises Multiplexing module, relevantly with the meter reading of described counter realizes the input coupling or the forwarding of described data according to the position in the described Frame by this Multiplexing module.

4. by the described system of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described data binary system ground is transmitted as bit, and be provided with at least one bit storage element for each loop, in described Frame, realize to import the data synchronization of coupling by this bit storage element.

5. by the described system of claim 4, it is characterized in that, in each user, be provided with an input and an output for each loop, and distributed bit storage element respectively to each output.

6. by the described system of claim 4, it is characterized in that, in each user, be provided with an input and an output for each loop, and distributed bit storage element respectively to each input and each output.

7. by the described system of claim 1, it is characterized in that described transmission path has constituted first loop and second loop with opposite respectively transmission direction.

8. by the described system of claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with the user that at least one does not participate in described evaluation, but this user is coupled to exclusive data in the preposition in the described Frame as the control information input.

9. by the described system of claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with the user that at least one participates in described evaluation, but this user is coupled to exclusive data in the preposition in the described Frame as the control information input.

10. by the described system of claim 1, it has main user, and this main user carries out described evaluation and comprises at least one clock unit, and this clock unit is intended for transmitting the clock of described data for all loops.

11. be used to transmit the user in the system with evaluating data, wherein, transmit described data with Frame, and described user participates in described evaluation, its mode is to distribute at least one position in the described Frame to the user who participates in described evaluation, wherein, the described data of transmission in constituting many transmission paths of loop respectively, it is characterized in that, participate in giving among the user of described evaluation each loop to be provided with the input coupling unit at each, be coupled to difference in the described Frame for this reason and at least one position that is provided with so that will participate in the user's data input of described evaluation, wherein, remaining data in the following position of the described Frame of forwarding are unrealized to import in this user and are coupled in the described position with being untreated.

12. be used in the user's communications systems transmission with at least two participation evaluations and the method for evaluating data, wherein, transmit described data with Frame, and distributed at least one position in the described Frame to the user that each participates in described evaluation, wherein, the described data of transmission in constituting many transmission paths of loop respectively, it is characterized in that, participate among the user of described evaluation at each, the user's data input that participates in described evaluation accordingly is coupled to difference in the Frame of respective loops for this reason and at least one position that is provided with, wherein, remaining data in the following position of the described Frame of forwarding are unrealized to import in this user and are coupled in the described position with being untreated.