CN1939878B - Method for coating fertilizer by emulsified and/or soluble adhesive - Google Patents
Method for coating fertilizer by emulsified and/or soluble adhesive Download PDFInfo
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- CN1939878B CN1939878B CN200510094536A CN200510094536A CN1939878B CN 1939878 B CN1939878 B CN 1939878B CN 200510094536 A CN200510094536 A CN 200510094536A CN 200510094536 A CN200510094536 A CN 200510094536A CN 1939878 B CN1939878 B CN 1939878B
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Abstract
Production of coated slow-released fertilizer by emulsion and solution adhesion agent is carried out by coating fertilizer by melt and/or organic solvent coating liquid, forming hydrophobic organic coating layer on fertilizer surface, coating pre-coated fertilizer with hydrophobic organic membrane-layer on surface by emulsion and/or solution adhesion and obtaining the final product. The hydrophobic organic membrane-layer can be low-molecular hydrophobic organic membrane layer and/or hydrophobic polymer membrane layer with melt point or softening point >=76 degree; emulsion and solution adhesion agent can be polymer emulsion adhesion agent, solution polymer adhesion agent and/or solution inorganic adhesion agent. It's cheap and effective.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coating method, particularly a kind of method that adopts aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer belongs to the slow release fertilizer preparing technical field.
Two, background technology
Slow release fertilizer is the developing direction of agricultural fertilizer.Wherein, enveloped slow release fertilizer is a most important class in the slow release fertilizer, and it is the coating at fertiliser granulates surface-coated organic polymer or inorganics, and the speed that fertilizer dissolves in Tian Tuzhong is slowed down, and reaches the purpose of slowly-releasing.Enveloped slow release fertilizer can have excellent controllable sustained-release performance, is the main direction of slow release fertilizer from now on.
When fertilizer was carried out coating, the form of coating liquid can be melt (such as the performed polymer melt of thermosetting polymer), also can be organic solution (such as the organic solution of thermoplastic polymer), can also be the aqueous solution or water miscible liquid.Fertilizer is carried out coating with preparation during enveloped slow release fertilizer, and it is optimal adopting the coating liquid of melt form to carry out coating, because do not use solvent, economic environmental protection.But, the coating liquid that can only adopt solution form or water miscible liquid form that has, and the coating liquid that adopts the organic solution form carries out coating owing to will adopt organic solvent, both uneconomically also can have problem of environmental pollution, therefore adopting the coating liquid of its water miscible liquid form to carry out coating is relatively economical and environmental protection.Certainly, can adopt aqueous solution form to carry out coating also is relatively economical and environmental protection, and what have can only adopt the aqueous solution, as Derlin solution of aminoresin prepolymer solution and polyvinyl alcohol and multipolymer thereof etc.
But; when the coating liquid of employing aqueous solution form or water miscible liquid form directly carries out coating to fertilizer; fertilizer usually can dissolve in the coating liquid of aqueous solution form or water miscible liquid form; therefore make in the coating rete of formation and contain fertilizer; wherein fertilizer can be shapes such as needle-like and separates out during drying and forming-film in the coating rete; become the quick stripping passage of fertilizer by rete; reduce the gas barrier of rete to fertilizer; the release period of the enveloped slow release fertilizer of preparation is shortened; fertilizer in the rete also can reduce film strength simultaneously, needs thicker membrane wrapping thickness.Therefore, the coating liquid that adopts aqueous solution form or water miscible liquid form carries out coating when preparing enveloped slow release fertilizer to fertilizer, and how avoiding fertilizer to enter in the rete that coating forms is a difficult problem.There is the investigator adopting polyacrylate dispersion that urea is carried out coating when preparing the polyacrylic ester membrane wrapping sustained-release urea, adopts in urea surface spraying skim paraffin rete or sulfur film layer and then adopt polyacrylate dispersion urea to be carried out the method for coating earlier.Because melting point of paraffin wax is usually less than 75 ℃, therefore spraying skim paraffin rete and then employing polyacrylate dispersion carry out coating to urea earlier, then volatilization is removed water in the polyacrylate dispersion when forming the polyacrylic ester rete, temperature during constant pressure and dry must be lower than 75 ℃, therefore the speed that moisture is removed in the rete is very low, and drying and forming-film speed is very slow; If improve the dry water speed that removes, then need to adopt vacuum-drying, and the vacuum drying process complexity.Employing sprays the skim sulfur film layer earlier and then adopts polyacrylate dispersion urea to be carried out the method for coating in urea surface, also there is a problem, the equipment and the complex process of spraying sulfur film layer, and in the enveloped slow release fertilizer for preparing, contain sulphur, the soil property of the application scenario that has does not wish have sulphur to enter in the soil layer, so also there is certain problem in this method.
Three, summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for a kind of cost-effective aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of method that adopts aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, may further comprise the steps successively: the first step, adopt melt type and/or organic solution type coating liquid that fertilizer is carried out coating, form the hydrophobic organic compound rete on the fertilizer surface; Second step, adopt aqueous emulsion type and/or aqueous solution type tackiness agent to have the pre-coated fertilizer of hydrophobic organic compound rete to carry out coating to the surface, finally obtain enveloped slow release fertilizer.Wherein, the hydrophobic organic compound rete can be the composite film of hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter rete, hydrophobic polymer rete or hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter rete and hydrophobic polymer rete, the fusing point of hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter or softening temperature 〉=76 ℃.
The present invention adopts in the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, the hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter can be rosin ester of softening temperature 〉=76 ℃ and composition thereof with clorafin of fusing point or softening temperature 〉=76 ℃ and composition thereof etc. in one or more.
The present invention adopts in the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, hydrophobic polymer can be the hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer, also can be the hydrophobicity thermosetting polymer, can also promptly have the hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer that the hydrophobicity thermosetting polymer is arranged again.The hydrophobicity thermosetting polymer can be one or more in urethane, Resins, epoxy, unsaturated polyester, resol, furane resin, unsaturated oil resin, cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber, natural rubber, polyisoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR), paracril, isoprene-isobutylene rubber and ethylene-propylene rubber(EPR) and the terpolymer EP rubber etc.The hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer can be one or more in polyolefine and multipolymer, polystyrene and multipolymer thereof, polyvinyl chloride and multipolymer thereof, thermoplastic polyester, ABS resin, petroleum resin and the coumarone-indene resin etc.
The present invention adopts in the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, the aqueous emulsion type tackiness agent that adopts is a polymer emulsion adhesive, and the aqueous solution type tackiness agent of employing can be one or more in aqueous solution type polymer adhesive and the aqueous solution type inorganic adhesive.
The present invention adopts in the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, and the polymer emulsion adhesive that coating is used can be one or more in polyacrylic ester and copolymer emulsion, polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and copolymer emulsion thereof, polystyrene and copolymer emulsion thereof, polyvinyl chloride and copolymer emulsion thereof, polyvinylidene dichloride and copolymer emulsion thereof, polyolefine and copolymer emulsion thereof, epoxy resin latex and the polyaminoester emulsion etc.The aqueous solution type polymer adhesive that coating is used can be one or more in Derlin solution of aminoresin prepolymer solution and polyvinyl alcohol and multipolymer thereof etc.The aqueous solution type inorganic adhesive that coating is used can be one or more in phosphate adhesive and the silicate adhesive etc.
The present invention adopts in the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, and the thickness of hydrophobic organic compound rete can be 2～25 μ m.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has significant advantage.Fertilizer entered in the coating rete of formation when the method for aqueous emulsion type of the present invention and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer can avoid adopting the coating liquid of aqueous solution form or water miscible liquid form to carry out coating, particularly coating process is simple, and the constant pressure and dry dehydration temperaturre when aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent carry out coating can be higher, the drying and forming-film speed of rete is fast, so the technology cost is low.
Four, embodiment
The present invention adopts the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, may further comprise the steps successively: the first step, and adopt melt type and/or organic solution type coating liquid that fertilizer is carried out coating, form the hydrophobic organic compound rete on the fertilizer surface; Second step, adopt aqueous emulsion type and/or aqueous solution type tackiness agent to have the pre-coated fertilizer of hydrophobic organic compound rete to carry out coating to the surface, finally obtain enveloped slow release fertilizer.Wherein, the hydrophobic organic compound rete can be the composite film of hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter rete, hydrophobic polymer rete or hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter rete and hydrophobic polymer rete, the fusing point of hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter or softening temperature 〉=76 ℃.
The present invention adopts in the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, adopt organic solution type coating liquid that fertilizer is carried out coating when forming the hydrophobic organic compound rete on the fertilizer surface, the organic solvent in the organic solution type coating liquid will be selected the organic solvent kind low to the fertilizer solvability for use.Such as, when adopting organic solution type coating liquid, do not select the organic solvents strong such as ethanol for use to the urea solvability to the pre-coating of urea.
The present invention adopts in the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, the hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter that adopts in the first step can be rosin ester of softening temperature 〉=76 ℃ and composition thereof with clorafin of fusing point or softening temperature 〉=76 ℃ and composition thereof in one or more, can certainly be other hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter of fusing point or softening temperature 〉=76 ℃.
The present invention adopts in the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, hydrophobic polymer can be the hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer, also can be the hydrophobicity thermosetting polymer, can also promptly have the hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer that the hydrophobicity thermosetting polymer is arranged again.The hydrophobicity thermosetting polymer can be one or more in urethane, Resins, epoxy, unsaturated polyester, resol, furane resin, unsaturated oil resin, cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber, natural rubber, polyisoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR), paracril, isoprene-isobutylene rubber and ethylene-propylene rubber(EPR) and the terpolymer EP rubber.The hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer can be one or more in polyolefine and multipolymer, polystyrene and multipolymer thereof, polyvinyl chloride and multipolymer thereof, thermoplastic polyester, ABS resin, petroleum resin and the coumarone-indene resin.Certainly, also can be maybe can contain to adopt melt form or organic solution form to carry out other hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer and the hydrophobicity thermosetting polymer of coating.Wherein, low-molecular-weight polymkeric substance is preferred, such as low-molecular-weight resins such as low-molecular-weight polyolefins such as polyethylene wax, polyisobutene and petroleum resin, coumarone-indene resin, vinylbenzene-indene resin, aromatic hydrocarbon resins, their molecular weight is low, coating liquid can be melt form or the low organic solution of consumption of organic solvent during their coatings, simultaneously they be nonpolar or polarity very low, the gas barrier of the rete that forms is very high, can be for whole coating provide high gas barrier, their yield temperature is answered 〉=76 ℃ certainly.For nonpolar or low polar polymer emulsion (as polyolefine and copolymer emulsion, polystyrene and copolymer emulsion thereof) coated fertilizer, urethane, Resins, epoxy, unsaturated polyester, resol, furane resin and unsaturated oil resin etc. can be preferred, although the gas barrier of the rete that they form is not high, can not provide contribution for the gas barrier of whole coating, but the coating liquid that adopts during their coatings uses prepolymer usually, usually can be melt form, not with an organic solvent.For high polar polymer emulsion (as polyacrylic ester and copolymer emulsion thereof, polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and copolymer emulsion thereof, polyvinyl chloride and copolymer emulsion thereof and polyvinylidene dichloride and copolymer emulsion thereof etc.) coated fertilizer, also can pay the utmost attention to and adopt polyolefine and nonpolar multipolymer thereof, polystyrene and nonpolar multipolymer thereof, cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber, natural rubber, polyisoprene rubber; styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR); non-polar polymers such as isoprene-isobutylene rubber and ethylene-propylene rubber(EPR) and terpolymer EP rubber remove to form the hydrophobicity rete; although they need adopt organic solution to carry out coating; the gas barrier of the hydrophobicity non-polar polymer rete that they form is very high, can provide high gas barrier for whole coating.The hydrophobicity rete that adopts rubber polymer (as cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber, natural rubber, polyisoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR), paracril, isoprene-isobutylene rubber and ethylene-propylene rubber(EPR) and terpolymer EP rubber etc.) organic solution to carry out coating and form can vulcanize (or crosslinked) and also can not vulcanize (or crosslinked).
In the hydrophobic organic compound rete that the fertilizer surface forms, can contain additives such as filler during pre-coated fertilizer.The mixture film of hydrophobic polymer and hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter is also regarded the hydrophobic polymer rete as among the present invention, the fusing point or the softening temperature of the hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter in the mixture can be lower than 76 ℃ at this moment, but the yield temperature of the mixture of hydrophobic polymer and hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter is answered 〉=76 ℃, and the yield temperature here is to depend on the obviously mobile temperature of just conducting oneself with dignity.
The present invention adopts in the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, both can adopt the aqueous emulsion type tackiness agent, also can adopt the aqueous solution type tackiness agent, can also adopt aqueous emulsion type tackiness agent and aqueous solution type tackiness agent simultaneously, can be the mixed adhesive of aqueous emulsion type tackiness agent and aqueous solution type tackiness agent. the aqueous emulsion type tackiness agent of employing is a polymer emulsion adhesive. the aqueous solution type tackiness agent of employing can be the aqueous solution type polymer adhesive, also can be the aqueous solution type inorganic adhesive, can also adopt aqueous solution type polymer adhesive and aqueous solution type inorganic adhesive simultaneously.
The present invention adopts in the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, and the polymer emulsion type tackiness agent that coating adopts can be one or more in polyacrylic ester and copolymer emulsion, polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and copolymer emulsion thereof, polystyrene and copolymer emulsion thereof, polyvinyl chloride and copolymer emulsion thereof, polyvinylidene dichloride and copolymer emulsion thereof, polyolefine and copolymer emulsion thereof, epoxy resin latex and the polyaminoester emulsion etc.The aqueous solution type polymer adhesive that coating is used can be one or more in Derlin solution of aminoresin prepolymer solution and polyvinyl alcohol and multipolymer thereof etc.The aqueous solution type inorganic adhesive that coating is used can be one or more in phosphate adhesive and the silicate adhesive etc.Such as, the aqueous solution type inorganic adhesive can be one or more following silicate adhesives: 1. modulus is 1～3 the water glass and the mixed aqueous solution of phosphoric acid; 2. modulus is 1～3 the potassium silicate and the mixed aqueous solution of phosphoric acid; 3. SiO
2Colloidal sol.The aqueous solution type tackiness agent that adopts can be the mixed adhesive of aqueous solution type polymer adhesive and aqueous solution type inorganic adhesive, such as, the mixed adhesives such as mixed aqueous solution that the mixed aqueous solution that polyvinyl alcohol (acetal) resin and potassium silicate are formed, urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer and water glass are formed.
Certainly, the present invention adopts in the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, and additives such as filler can be arranged in the aqueous emulsion type tackiness agent of employing and the aqueous solution type tackiness agent.
The present invention adopts in the method for aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, and the pre-hydrophobic organic compound rete that coats on fertilizer surface is so long as complete or complete substantially getting final product, so its thickness do not require too highly, and common 2～25 μ m get final product.Certainly, thickness is bigger also passable.
With the indivedual examples that adopt aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coating industry Granular Urea to prepare membrane wrapping sustained-release urea the part embodiment that adopts aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer method is described below.
Embodiment 1
Granular industrial urea is added in the fluidized-bed encapsulation tool, and make Granular Urea be in boiling state, the Granular Urea temperature remains on 90 ℃ in the fluidized-bed.With 4, (trolamine in the mixture: the mol ratio of Diethylene Glycol is 0.2: 1 for the mixture of 4-diphenylmethanediisocyanate MDI, trolamine and Diethylene Glycol, the mol ratio of-NCO :-OH is 1.1: 1, contain little amount of catalyst) be sprayed at the Granular Urea surface, spraying reaches 15 μ m up to the polyurethane film layer thickness that forms.Then, the spraying polystyrene emulsion is in the polyurethane film laminar surface, and spraying reaches 90 μ m up to the polystyrene thicknesses of layers that forms.Be warming up to 100 ℃ gradually, thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, promptly prepares to adopt polystyrene emulsion to carry out the slow-release carbamide of coating.
Embodiment 2
Granular industrial urea is added in the rotary drum encapsulation tool of 80 ℃ of temperature controls, rotate rotary drum (rotating speed 40r/min) Granular Urea is flowed in rotary drum.In the Granular Urea surface, spraying reaches 20 μ m up to the rosin ester thicknesses of layers that forms with rosin ester (softening temperature is 100 ℃) melt spray.Then the Granular Urea temperature in the rotary drum is risen to 95 ℃, spray styrene-butadiene emulsion again in the rosin ester film surface, spraying reaches 90 μ m up to the butylbenzene copolymer thicknesses of layers that styrene-butadiene emulsion forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, promptly prepares to adopt styrene-butadiene emulsion to carry out the slow-release carbamide of coating.
Embodiment 3
Granular industrial urea is added in the rotary drum encapsulation tool of 80 ℃ of temperature controls, rotating rotary drum (rotating speed 40r/min) flows Granular Urea in rotary drum. with poly turps solution spraying in the Granular Urea surface, spraying reaches 10 μ m. up to the polyethylene film layer thickness that forms and then the Granular Urea temperature in the rotary drum is risen to 95 ℃, spraying by the vinyl-formal resin aqueous solution and modulus is that the mixed aqueous solution formed of the aqueous solution of 1～3 potassium silicate and phosphoric acid is in the polyethylene film laminar surface again, spraying reaches 130 μ m. up to the vinyl-formal resin that forms and silicate composite thicknesses of layers and is warming up to 100 ℃ gradually, thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and vinyl-formal resin is fully solidified and the abundant gelling of silicate, promptly preparing employing is the slow-release carbamide that mixed aqueous solution that the aqueous solution of 1～3 potassium silicate and phosphoric acid is formed carries out coating by the vinyl-formal resin aqueous solution and modulus.
Embodiment 4
Granular industrial urea is added in the rotary drum encapsulation tool of 65 ℃ of temperature controls, rotate rotary drum (rotating speed 40r/min) Granular Urea is flowed in rotary drum.The styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer cyclohexane solution is sprayed at the Granular Urea surface, and spraying reaches 6 μ m up to the styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer thicknesses of layers that forms, and thorough drying is removed the hexanaphthene in the rete.Then the Granular Urea temperature in the rotary drum is risen to 95 ℃, the spray coating polypropylene acid esters emulsion (copolymer emulsion of methyl acrylate and butyl acrylate again, the mol ratio of methyl acrylate and butyl acrylate is 1: 0.2) in the styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer film surface, spraying reaches 110 μ m up to the polyacrylic ester thicknesses of layers that forms.Be warming up to 100 ℃ gradually, thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, promptly prepares to adopt polyacrylate dispersion to carry out the slow-release carbamide of coating.
Embodiment 5
Granular industrial urea is added in the rotary drum encapsulation tool of 70 ℃ of temperature controls, rotate rotary drum (rotating speed 40r/min) Granular Urea is flowed in rotary drum.Petroleum resin (softening temperature is 100 ℃) melt slowly is sprayed at the Granular Urea surface, and spray removes up to the petroleum resin thicknesses of layers that forms and reaches 20 μ m.Then the Granular Urea temperature in the rotary drum is risen to 95 ℃, spray aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion again in the petroleum resin film surface, spraying reaches 85 μ m up to the polyvinyl acetate (PVA) thicknesses of layers that forms.Be warming up to 98 ℃ gradually, thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, promptly prepares to adopt aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion to carry out the slow-release carbamide of coating.
Embodiment 6
Granular industrial urea is added in the rotary drum encapsulation tool of 70 ℃ of temperature controls, rotate rotary drum (rotating speed 40r/min) Granular Urea is flowed in rotary drum.The turps solution of polyethylene wax (fusing point is 105 ℃) slowly is sprayed at the Granular Urea surface, and spraying reaches 25 μ m up to the polyethylene wax thicknesses of layers that forms.Then the Granular Urea temperature in the rotary drum is risen to 95 ℃, the mixed aqueous solution that sprays modulus again and be 1～3 water glass and phosphoric acid is in the polyethylene wax film surface, and spraying reaches 130 μ m up to the silicate films layer thickness that forms.Be warming up to 100 ℃ gradually, thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and makes the abundant gelling of silicate, and promptly preparing and adopting modulus is the slow-release carbamide that the mixed aqueous solution of 1～3 water glass and phosphoric acid carries out coating.
Embodiment 7
Granular industrial urea is added in the rotary drum encapsulation tool of 80 ℃ of temperature controls, rotate rotary drum (rotating speed 40r/min) Granular Urea is flowed in rotary drum.Tung oil is sprayed at the Granular Urea surface, and spraying reaches 15 μ m up to the tung tree adipose membrane layer thickness that forms, and the tung oil resin film layer is suitably solidified.Then the Granular Urea temperature in the rotary drum is risen to 95 ℃, spray styrene-butadiene emulsion again in tung tree adipose membrane laminar surface, spraying reaches 90 μ m up to the butylbenzene copolymer thicknesses of layers that styrene-butadiene emulsion forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the tung oil resin film layer is fully solidified, and promptly prepares to adopt styrene-butadiene emulsion to carry out the slow-release carbamide of coating.
Embodiment 8
Granular industrial urea is added in the rotary drum encapsulation tool of 65 ℃ of temperature controls, rotating rotary drum (rotating speed 40r/min) flows Granular Urea in rotary drum. with the industrial naptha solution spraying of styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) rubber in the Granular Urea surface, spraying reaches 15 μ m. up to the styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) rubber thicknesses of layers that forms and then the Granular Urea temperature in the rotary drum is risen to 95 ℃, spray styrene-butadiene emulsion again in styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) rubber film surface, the butylbenzene copolymer thicknesses of layers that spraying forms up to styrene-butadiene emulsion reaches 90 μ m. thorough dryings and removes in the rete moisturely, promptly prepares and adopts styrene-butadiene emulsion to carry out the slow-release carbamide of coating.
Embodiment 9
Granular industrial urea is added in the rotary drum encapsulation tool of 70 ℃ of temperature controls, rotate rotary drum (rotating speed 40r/min) Granular Urea is flowed in rotary drum.Petroleum resin (softening temperature is 105 ℃) melt slowly is sprayed at the Granular Urea surface, and spraying reaches 20 μ m up to the petroleum resin thicknesses of layers that forms.Then the Granular Urea temperature in the rotary drum is risen to 95 ℃, spray the urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution again in the petroleum resin film surface, spraying reaches 100 μ m up to the urea-formaldehyde resin thicknesses of layers that forms.Be warming up to 100 ℃ gradually, thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, promptly prepares to adopt the urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution to carry out the slow-release carbamide of coating.
Embodiment 10
Granular industrial urea is added in the fluidized-bed encapsulation tool, and make Granular Urea be in boiling state, the Granular Urea temperature remains on 70 ℃ in the fluidized-bed.Coumarone-indene resin (softening temperature is 80 ℃) melt slowly is sprayed at the Granular Urea surface, and spraying reaches 20 μ m up to the coumarone-indene resin thicknesses of layers that forms.Then Granular Urea temperature in the fluidized-bed is risen to 78 ℃, the spraying polyvinyl chloride emulsion is in the coumarone-indene resin film surface, and spraying reaches 80 μ m up to the polychloroethylene film layer thickness that forms.Forced air drying is fully removed in the rete moisture, promptly prepares to adopt polyvinyl chloride emulsion to carry out the slow-release carbamide of coating.
The membrane wrapping sustained-release urea that the foregoing description prepares, substantially do not have urea to exist in it is carried out rete that coating forms by aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent, its rete water preventing ability is stronger than adopting aqueous emulsion type and aqueous solution type tackiness agent directly urea to be carried out the water preventing ability of the rete that coating forms.
Claims (7)
1. method that adopts aqueous emulsion type and/or aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps successively:
The first step adopts melt type and/or organic solution type coating liquid that fertilizer is carried out coating, forms the hydrophobic organic compound rete on the fertilizer surface;
Second step, adopt aqueous emulsion type and/or aqueous solution type tackiness agent to have the pre-coated fertilizer of hydrophobic organic compound rete to carry out coating to the surface, finally obtain enveloped slow release fertilizer;
Wherein, the hydrophobic organic compound rete is the composite film of hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter rete, hydrophobic polymer rete or hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter rete and hydrophobic polymer rete; The hydrophobicity low molecule organic matter be rosin ester of softening temperature 〉=76 ℃ and composition thereof with clorafin of fusing point or softening temperature 〉=76 ℃ and composition thereof in one or more; Hydrophobic polymer is hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer and/or hydrophobicity thermosetting polymer, and the hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer is one or more in the aromatic hydrocarbon resin of the vinylbenzene-indene resin of coumarone-indene resin, yield temperature 〉=76 ℃ of the petroleum resin, yield temperature 〉=76 ℃ of the polyisobutene, yield temperature 〉=76 ℃ of the polyethylene wax, yield temperature 〉=76 ℃ of polyolefine, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, ABS resin, yield temperature 〉=76 ℃ and yield temperature 〉=76 ℃.
2. the method for employing aqueous emulsion type according to claim 1 and/or aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer is characterized in that: the hydrophobicity thermosetting polymer is one or more in urethane, Resins, epoxy, unsaturated polyester, resol, furane resin, unsaturated oil resin, cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber, natural rubber, polyisoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR), paracril, isoprene-isobutylene rubber and ethylene-propylene rubber(EPR) and the terpolymer EP rubber.
3. the method for employing aqueous emulsion type according to claim 1 and/or aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer is characterized in that: the aqueous emulsion type tackiness agent of employing is a polymer emulsion adhesive.
4. the method for employing aqueous emulsion type according to claim 3 and/or aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer is characterized in that: polymer emulsion adhesive is one or more in polyacrylate dispersion, aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion, polystyrene and copolymer emulsion thereof, polyvinyl chloride emulsion, polyvinylidene dichloride emulsion, polyolefin emulsion, epoxy resin latex and the polyaminoester emulsion.
5. the method for employing aqueous emulsion type according to claim 1 and/or aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer is characterized in that: the aqueous solution type tackiness agent of employing is aqueous solution type polymer adhesive and/or aqueous solution type inorganic adhesive.
6. the method for employing aqueous emulsion type according to claim 5 and/or aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer is characterized in that: the aqueous solution type polymer adhesive is one or more in the Derlin solution of aminoresin prepolymer solution and polyvinyl alcohol and multipolymer thereof; The aqueous solution type inorganic adhesive is one or more in phosphate adhesive and the silicate adhesive.
7. according to the method for each described employing aqueous emulsion type of claim 1～6 and/or aqueous solution type tackiness agent coated fertilizer, it is characterized in that: the thickness of hydrophobic organic compound rete is 2～25 μ m.
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| CN200510094536A CN1939878B (en) | 2005-09-26 | 2005-09-26 | Method for coating fertilizer by emulsified and/or soluble adhesive |
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| CN1939878B true CN1939878B (en) | 2010-05-05 |
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| CN101182269B (en) * | 2007-12-03 | 2011-10-19 | 中国农业大学 | Water polymer integument and method for preparing integument controlled-release fertilizer thereof |
| CN101372434B (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2011-07-06 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Water-soluble resin coated controlled release fertilizer with polyethylene film as basecoat and preparation technique thereof |
| CN102060595B (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2013-07-31 | 南京理工大学 | Methods for coating fertilizer by using aqueous medium type adhesive |
| CN102619497B (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2015-05-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for continuously reducing hydrogen sulfide in oil well shaft |
| CN110444750B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-08-13 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Negative electrode material, and electrochemical device and electronic device comprising same |
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| CN1556075A (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2004-12-22 | �Ϻ���ͨ��ѧ | Parcel type heat resistant slow release ammonium carbonate and its preparation method |
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| CN1556075A (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2004-12-22 | �Ϻ���ͨ��ѧ | Parcel type heat resistant slow release ammonium carbonate and its preparation method |
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