CN101712572A - Fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer - Google Patents
Fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101712572A CN101712572A CN200810155528A CN200810155528A CN101712572A CN 101712572 A CN101712572 A CN 101712572A CN 200810155528 A CN200810155528 A CN 200810155528A CN 200810155528 A CN200810155528 A CN 200810155528A CN 101712572 A CN101712572 A CN 101712572A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer comprising a fertilizer core and a fertilizer core outer capsule. The capsule is an amine resin-montmorillonite composite film or a composite layer of the amine resin-montmorillonite composite film and a degradable polymer film and can be compounded with a sulfur film and/or a high-resistance permeable organic film layer with preferable thickness not more than 20um; high-resistance permeable organic matter can be also mixed in the amine resin-montmorillonite composite film; the mass fraction of the montmorillonite in the high-resistance permeable organic film layer is preferably not more than 50% and optimally 0.5-30%; the total thickness of the capsule is preferably not less than 30um; and the thickness of the sulfur film is preferably 0-50um. The capsule body of the fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer is (basically) harmless to the environment, is a fertilizer constituent and has low cost and long release period.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coating type sustained-release chemical fertilizer, particularly a kind of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer belongs to the chemical fertilizer industry field.
Two, background technology
Release controlled fertilizer meets the requirement of environment protection and agricultural sustainable development, is the developing direction of world agriculture chemical fertilizer, and wherein coating type sustained-release chemical fertilizer is the main flow of release controlled fertilizer from now on.But now the coating of coating type sustained-release chemical fertilizer product is the material useless to crop, mostly can not environment degradable, can residual soil in contaminate environment, such as Resins, epoxy, urethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride etc.Adopt fertile plastid as the coating thing, both environmental sound was again fertile matter, so fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer is the expectation in coating type sustained-release chemical fertilizer field.Aminoresin is slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, adopt the aminoresin coating can make fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer, but the saturating fertile ability of aminoresin is big, and the release controlled fertilizer release period that adopts pure aminoresin coating to make separately is too short, does not have real practical value.
Three, summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the long fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of a kind of release period.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer, be made up of chemical fertilizer core and chemical fertilizer core peplos, coating is the composite film of aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete or aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete and degradable polymer rete.
Fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is the coating chemical fertilizer that aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete coating forms, perhaps the coating chemical fertilizer that forms of the composite film coating of aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete and degradable polymer rete.Degradable polymer can be one or more in Derlin, biodegradation type polyester, unsaturated oil resin, natural substance modified resin and the natural polymer and the derivative thereof etc. of aminoresin, polyvinyl alcohol and multipolymer thereof.The biodegradation type polyester can be one or more in poly(lactic acid), poly-aliphatic dicarboxylic acid binary alcohol esters, polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkanoate and their multipolymer etc.Natural substance modified resin can be one or more in the resins such as the urethane, resol, unsaturated polyester, Synolac of modifications such as natural oil, rosin.Natural polymer and derivative thereof can be one or more in nitrocellulose, lac, cellulose acetate, cross-linking starch, chitin derivativ and the lignin derivative etc.Described degradable polymer rete is the aminoresin rete preferably.
Can also be compounded with sulfur film layer and/or high permeability resistant organic film layer in the coating of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention.That is: fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention can also be the coating chemical fertilizer that the composite film coating of aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete and sulfur film layer forms, perhaps aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, the coating chemical fertilizer that degradable polymer rete and sulfur film layer three's composite film coating forms, the perhaps coating chemical fertilizer that forms of the composite film coating of aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete and high permeability resistant organic film layer, perhaps aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, the coating chemical fertilizer that degradable polymer rete and high permeability resistant organic film layer three's composite film coating forms, perhaps aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, the coating chemical fertilizer that sulfur film layer and high permeability resistant organic film layer three's composite film coating forms, perhaps aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, the degradable polymer rete, the coating chemical fertilizer that the composite film coating of sulfur film layer and high permeability resistant organic film layer forms, etc.Sulfur film layer is the nexine or the middle layer of whole coating preferably.High permeability resistant organic film layer thickness is best≤20 μ m.Can also be mixed with high permeability resistant organic in the aminoresin of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention-montmorillonite composite rete.High permeability resistant organic can be one or more in polyvinyl chloride and multipolymer, polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and multipolymer thereof, polyacrylic ester and multipolymer thereof, ABS, paracril, urethane, Resins, epoxy, unsaturated polyester, resol, Synolac, coumarone-indene resin, pitch, rosin and ester and the nonpolar organic matter etc.High permeability resistant organic is nonpolar organic matter preferably.
For fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, the massfraction of polynite is advisable with≤50% in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, preferred≤40%, preferably 0.5%-30%.
The coating total thickness of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is advisable with 〉=30 μ m, and the coating total thickness is preferably 30～200 μ m.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following remarkable advantage:
(1) the present invention adopts aminoresin-montmorillonite composite as film forming matter, chemical fertilizer is carried out coating prepare coating type sustained-release chemical fertilizer, because aminoresin is slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, so the coating type sustained-release chemical fertilizer nutriment in a fertilizer height of preparation, the coating body is fertile matter, and is harmless to environment (substantially).
(2) the present invention adopts aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete (perhaps composite degradable polymer film simultaneously, be preferably the aminoresin rete) fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention that makes of coating, promptly can obtain to have the longer release period of practical value, overcome the existing issue of the release controlled fertilizer that the pure aminoresin rete of independent employing coating is difficult to obtain to have practical value, release period is grown.Particularly, polynite is a clay, and environment is had no harm, and the polynite price is not high, so the complete environmental protection of this type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, cost are low, are complete fertilizer integument type release controlled fertilizers.
(3) for adopting aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete (perhaps composite degradable polymer film simultaneously, be preferably the aminoresin rete) and the composite coated fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention that makes of sulfur film layer, owing to compare with the aminoresin rete, aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete has higher resistance fertilizer, so this type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention has longer release period than the composite coated release controlled fertilizer that makes of corresponding aminoresin rete-sulfur film layer.Particularly sulphur also is nutriment in a fertilizer, and is with low cost, and the whole coating thing all is fertile matter, so the complete environmental protection of this type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, cost are low, are complete fertilizer integument type release controlled fertilizers.
(4) can also compound high permeability resistant organic film layer in the coating of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention and/or in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, be mixed into high permeability resistant organic, further improve the release period of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, make fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention have very long release period.
Four, embodiment
Fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is made up of chemical fertilizer core and chemical fertilizer core peplos, and coating is the composite film of aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete or aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete and degradable polymer rete.
In other words, fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention can be the coating chemical fertilizer that the composite film coating of coating chemical fertilizer that aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete coating forms or aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete and degradable polymer rete forms.The type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer is classified as I type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention in the present invention.Degradable polymer described here is non-water-soluble, can be in Derlin (degree of acetalization 〉=50%), biodegradation type polyester, unsaturated oil resin, natural substance modified resin and the natural polymer and the derivative thereof etc. of aminoresin, polyvinyl alcohol and multipolymer thereof one or more.The biodegradation type polyester can be one or more in poly(lactic acid), poly-aliphatic dicarboxylic acid binary alcohol esters, polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkanoate and their multipolymer etc.Natural substance modified resin can be one or more in the resins such as the urethane, resol, unsaturated polyester, Synolac of modifications such as natural oil, rosin.Natural polymer and derivative thereof can be one or more in nitrocellulose, lac, cellulose acetate, cross-linking starch, chitin derivativ and the lignin derivative etc.Especially because aminoresin is slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, therefore degradable polymer described here preferably aminoresin, especially urea-formaldehyde resin for most preferably.
For fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, aminoresin can be urea-formaldehyde resin and/or melamine resin.The preferred melamine formaldehyde resin of melamine resin can certainly be to adopt oxalic dialdehyde or furfural etc. to replace other melamine resins of prepared formaldehyde.Various modified urea-formaldehyde resins all belong to the urea-formaldehyde resin category, such as propyl carbinol modified urea-formaldehyde resin, polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin, cyanurotriamide modified urea resin etc.; Various modified cyanurotriamide resins all belong to the melamine resin category, such as ethanol modified cyanurotriamide-formaldehyde resin, ethanol-polyvinyl alcohol modification melamine formaldehyde resin etc.Various modified urea-formaldehyde resins and various modified cyanurotriamide resin all belong to aminoresin of the present invention, and the aminoresin structure is that main (〉=50wt%) resin all belongs to aminoresin of the present invention in the molecular structure.
The chemical fertilizer core of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention can be nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer or composite fertilizer etc.The shape of chemical fertilizer core can be spherical, sheet etc., but with spherical be good, preferably spherical.
Because sulphur is nutriment in a fertilizer, and sulfur film layer has the resistance fertilizer higher than aminoresin, can compound sulfur film layer in the coating of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, and whole coating remains complete fertile matter and environmental protection fully.Therefore, fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention can also be the coating chemical fertilizer that the coating chemical fertilizer that forms of the composite film coating of aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete and sulfur film layer or aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, degradable polymer rete and sulfur film layer three's composite film coating forms.The type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer is classified as II type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention in the present invention.Sulfur film layer is the nexine or the middle layer of whole coating preferably.Sulfur film layer thickness is preferably 0-50 μ m, can certainly＞50 μ m.Coating can be based on sulfur film layer, and aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete (with the degradable polymer rete) is auxilliary, and this moment, sulfur film layer thickness can be bigger, such as 25-50 μ m; Coating can be based on aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete (with the degradable polymer rete), and auxilliary for sulfur film layer, this moment, sulfur film layer thickness can be thinner, such as 0-25 μ m.
In order to obtain longer release period, can also be compounded with high permeability resistant organic film layer in the coating of aforementioned I type of the present invention, II type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer.The fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention that is compounded with high permeability resistant organic film layer in the coating is classified as III type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention.The coating chemical fertilizer that coating chemical fertilizer that the composite film coating that III type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention can be aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete and high permeability resistant organic film layer forms or aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, degradable polymer rete and high permeability resistant organic film layer three's composite film coating form.The coating chemical fertilizer that the coating chemical fertilizer that the composite film coating that III type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention can also be aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, high permeability resistant organic film layer and sulfur film layer three forms or the composite film coating of aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, degradable polymer rete, high permeability resistant organic film layer and sulfur film layer form.Described high permeability resistant organic is meant the organism that the perviousness of chemical fertilizer is lower than the aminoresin that adopts in the coating, be high permeability resistant organic to the perviousness of chemical fertilizer be lower than in the coating the aminoresin that adopts to the perviousness of chemical fertilizer, in high permeability resistant organic and the coating the aminoresin that adopts to the gap between the perviousness of chemical fertilizer more better.For III type of the present invention (or follow-up IV type) fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer, because high permeability resistant organic is not a nutriment in a fertilizer, therefore high permeability resistant organic film layer is unsuitable blocked up in the coating, only the needs that improve according to release period and compound thin high permeability resistant organic film layer are for well, and thickness is preferably≤20 μ m.
Aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete is sneaked into high permeability resistant organic, can further improve the resistance fertilizer of aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete.Therefore, for I type of the present invention, II type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer,, can also be mixed with high permeability resistant organic in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete in order to obtain longer release period.Certainly, for III type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention,, also can be mixed with high permeability resistant organic in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete in order to obtain longer release period.The fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention that is mixed with high permeability resistant organic in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete is classified as IV type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention.The mixed solution that is mixed with aminoresin-best adopting montmorillonite of montmorillonite composite rete (perhaps polynite water dispersion), the aminoresin prepolymer aqueous solution and the high permeability resistant organic water miscible liquid of high permeability resistant organic coats and forms, and can certainly adopt the montmorillonoid-containing aminoresin prepolymer aqueous solution and high permeability resistant organic water miscible liquid to coat (such as spraying simultaneously) simultaneously and form and alternate manner coats and forms.For fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, can be all to be mixed with high permeability resistant organic in whole (or owning) aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, also can be that the part rete in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete is mixed with high permeability resistant organic, and in addition the part rete is not mixed with high permeability resistant organic (being the aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete that can contain the aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete that does not contain high permeability resistant organic simultaneously in the coating of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention and be mixed with high permeability resistant organic).Such as, I type fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, can be the release controlled fertilizer of aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete coating of being mixed with high permeability resistant organic, or be mixed with the release controlled fertilizer of the composite film coating of the aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete of high permeability resistant organic and degradable polymer rete; Also can be the release controlled fertilizer of the composite film coating of aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete that does not contain high permeability resistant organic and the aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete that is mixed with high permeability resistant organic, perhaps not contain the release controlled fertilizer of the aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete of high permeability resistant organic, the aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete that is mixed with high permeability resistant organic and degradable polymer rete three's composite film coating.The massfraction that is mixed with high permeability resistant organic in the aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete of high permeability resistant organic can very high (such as 〉=95%), also can very low (such as≤10%), when the part rete in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete just is mixed with high permeability resistant organic, in this part rete the massfraction of high permeability resistant organic with higher for well.The massfraction that is mixed with high permeability resistant organic in the aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete of high permeability resistant organic is preferably 10%-90%.
High permeability resistant organic can be high gas barrier polar organic matter (comprising polarity low-molecular-weight organic matter and polar polymer), such as in polyvinyl chloride and multipolymer, polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and multipolymer thereof, polyacrylic ester and multipolymer thereof, ABS, paracril, urethane, Resins, epoxy, unsaturated polyester, resol, Synolac, coumarone-indene resin, polyvinyl acetate copolymer described in pitch and rosin and the ester thereof etc. one or more. the present invention do not comprise the copolymer (copolymer with while vinyl-chloride-containing chain link and vinylacetate chain link in the molecular structure among the present invention is classified as polyvinyl chloride copolymer) of vinyl-chloride-containing chain link in the molecular structure; Acrylate copolymer do not comprise vinyl-chloride-containing chain link in the molecular structure or vinylacetate chain link copolymer (among the present invention with in the molecular structure simultaneously the copolymer of vinyl-chloride-containing chain link and acrylate chain link be classified as polyvinyl chloride copolymer, the copolymer that contains simultaneously vinylacetate chain link and acrylate chain link in the molecular structure is classified as polyvinyl acetate copolymer). Because nonpolar organic matter is very low to the transmission rates of chemical fertilizer, so high permeability resistant organic nonpolar organic matter preferably, can be nonpolar low-molecular-weight organic matter and/or non-polar polymer.Organism with molecular weight＜5000 in this specification sheets is classified as low-molecular-weight organic matter, and the organism of molecular weight 〉=5000 is classified as polymkeric substance.The non-polar low molecular weight organism can be wax, low-molecular-weight polyolefin, low-molecular-weight polystyrene, anine and petroleum resin etc.Wherein, wax can be petroleum wax, synthetic wax, natural wax, mineral wax etc.; Low-molecular-weight polyolefin can be a polyethylene wax, also can be other low-molecular-weight polyolefins such as low-molecular-weight polypropylene, low-molecular-weight polyisobutylene.Because the polyolefine or the polystyrene of molecular weight≤2000 have biodegradable characteristics, the molecular weight of low-molecular-weight polyolefin or polystyrene preferably≤2000.Non-polar polymer can be one or more in polyolefine, polystyrene, cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber, natural rubber, polyisoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), isoprene-isobutylene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) and terpolymer EP rubber, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) and the styrene isoprene styrene block copolymer (SIS) etc.Wherein, polyolefine comprises polyethylene, polypropylene and polyisobutene etc.When high gas barrier low-molecular-weight organic matter formed rete separately, the fusing point of low-molecular-weight organic matter or softening temperature should be higher than room temperature.When high gas barrier low-molecular-weight organic matter rete nexine that is whole coating or middle layer, the fusing point of high gas barrier low-molecular-weight organic matter or softening temperature with higher for well, be good, best 〉=85 ℃ of wherein, can adopt higher temperature when forming subsequent film like this with 〉=60 ℃ of .High gas barrier rubber rete (such as retes such as cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber, natural rubber, polyisoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), isoprene-isobutylene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) and terpolymer EP rubbers) can vulcanize, and also can not vulcanize.When the strong high gas barrier rubber raw rubber rete of cold bonding (promptly not crosslinked rete) is in the outermost rete (such as the rubber rete of cold tough cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber, natural rubber or the polyisoprene rubber outermost rete as whole coating) of whole coating, stick together for fear of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer particle of the present invention, the rubber raw rubber film surface that is in coating outermost rete can adhere to an amount of mineral filler, such as lime carbonate, talcum powder, clay, magnesiumcarbonate or other mineral filler.
For the present invention's various (comprising the I-IV type) fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer, because the raising of resistance fertilizer was little when polynite content was too low in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, film forming is relatively poor than difficulty and rete mechanical property when too high, therefore the massfraction of polynite is advisable with≤50% in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete, preferably≤40%, 0.5%-30% preferably.
For fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, the coating total thickness can not be too little, otherwise can not bear the support expansive force that the chemical fertilizer wicking absorbent produces and break, and the chemical fertilizer that makes institute's coating is not a slowly-releasing, but the back of breaking is instant.For fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, the coating total thickness is advisable with 〉=30 μ m, is preferably between 30～200 μ m.The coating total thickness certainly surpasses 200 μ m, but causes cost to improve.Aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete total thickness is advisable with≤150 μ m, is preferably 10-130 μ m, can certainly＞150 μ m, but cause cost to improve.
Can be compounded with other rete in the fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer coating of the present invention.Can mix (or compound) in each rete of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer coating of the present invention other material is arranged.Such as, compound other fillers (such as lime carbonate, sulphur etc.) in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete also can be mixed with the auxiliary agent of various adjusting film body performance such as tensio-active agent, softening agent and coating characteristic etc.; Can compound various fillers (such as lime carbonate, sulphur, clay etc.) in the high permeability resistant organic film layer or various organic additives such as tensio-active agent, softening agent etc.
Be example with urea as the fertile coated slow release urea of the present invention of chemical fertilizer core below, some specific implementation methods and the invention effect of fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is described.Adopt stripping method evaluation sustained release performance in the water, stripping method is to measure the urea dissolution rate of the fertile coated slow release urea of the present invention in water in the water, specific practice is: the fertile coated slow release urea of 10 gram the present invention are soaked in 200 milliliters the water, 25 ℃ of constant temperature soak, and measure initial stage solubility rate and average differential solubility rate.Initial stage solubility rate ψ
1Be meant that the urea quality of stripping in the 24h that begins at first to soak accounts for the percentage ratio of the urea total mass in the fertile coated slow release urea of 10 gram the present invention of getting, and average differential solubility rate ψ
mThen be from soaking the percentage ratio that the 2nd day urea quality to average stripping every day in the 7th day accounts for the urea total mass the fertile coated slow release urea of 10 gram the present invention of getting.According to initial stage solubility rate ψ
1With average differential solubility rate ψ
m, calculate the release period t of the fertile coated slow release urea of the present invention in water (my god):
Embodiment 1
With particle diameter is in the spherical industrial urea adding rotary drum encapsulation tool of 2.0～3.0mm, rotates rotary drum and makes spherical urea be in flow state, and spherical urea temperature remains on 95 ℃ in the rotary drum.The polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution of montmorillonoid-containing (SM-LV type) slowly is sprayed at spherical urea surface, and spraying reaches 20% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin-montmorillonite composite rete (polynite: the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin is 1: the 99) quality that forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin in the rete is solidified fully, promptly gets the fertile coated slow release urea of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
With particle diameter is in the spherical industrial urea adding rotary drum encapsulation tool of 2.0～3.0mm, rotates rotary drum and makes spherical urea be in flow state, and spherical urea temperature remains on 95 ℃ in the rotary drum.The polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution of montmorillonoid-containing (SM-LV type) slowly is sprayed at spherical urea surface, and spraying reaches 20% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin-montmorillonite composite rete (polynite: the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin is 1: the 49) quality that forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin in the rete is solidified fully, promptly gets the fertile coated slow release urea of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
With particle diameter is in the spherical industrial urea adding rotary drum encapsulation tool of 2.0～3.0mm, rotates rotary drum and makes spherical urea be in flow state, and spherical urea temperature remains on 95 ℃ in the rotary drum.The polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution of montmorillonoid-containing (SM-LV type) slowly is sprayed at spherical urea surface, and spraying reaches 20% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin-montmorillonite composite rete (polynite: the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin is 1: the 9) quality that forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin in the rete is solidified fully, promptly gets the fertile coated slow release urea of the present invention.
Embodiment 4
With particle diameter is in the spherical industrial urea adding rotary drum encapsulation tool of 2.0～3.0mm, rotates rotary drum and makes spherical urea be in flow state, and spherical urea temperature remains on 95 ℃ in the rotary drum.The polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution of montmorillonoid-containing (SM-LV type) slowly is sprayed at spherical urea surface, and spraying reaches 20% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin-montmorillonite composite rete (polynite: the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin is 1: the 3) quality that forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin in the rete is solidified fully, promptly gets the fertile coated slow release urea of the present invention.
Embodiment 5
With particle diameter is in the spherical industrial urea adding rotary drum encapsulation tool of 2.0～3.0mm, rotates rotary drum and makes spherical urea be in flow state, and spherical urea temperature remains on 95 ℃ in the rotary drum.The polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution of montmorillonoid-containing (SM-LV type) slowly is sprayed at spherical urea surface, and spraying reaches 6% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin-montmorillonite composite rete (polynite: the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin is 7: the 13) quality that forms.Then, slowly the spraying polyethylene alcohol modified urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution reaches 14% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to the polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin film quality that forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin in the rete is solidified fully, promptly gets the fertile coated slow release urea of the present invention.
Embodiment 6
With particle diameter is in the spherical industrial urea adding rotary drum encapsulation tool of 2.0～3.0mm, rotates rotary drum and makes spherical urea be in flow state, and spherical urea temperature remains on 95 ℃ in the rotary drum.The mixed solution of the polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution of plasticising polystyrene water miscible liquid (polystyrene: the mass ratio of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) is 9: 1) and montmorillonoid-containing (DK5 type) slowly is sprayed at spherical urea surface, and spraying reaches 20% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin-montmorillonite composite rete (polynite: polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin: the mass ratio of plasticising polystyrene is 1: 49: the 50) quality that forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin in the rete is solidified fully, promptly gets the fertile coated slow release urea of the present invention.
Embodiment 7
With particle diameter is in the spherical industrial urea adding rotary drum encapsulation tool of 2.0～3.0mm, rotates rotary drum and makes spherical urea be in flow state, and spherical urea temperature remains on 95 ℃ in the rotary drum.150 ℃ of left and right sides fusion sulphur slowly are sprayed at spherical urea surface, and spraying reaches 6% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to the sulfur film layer quality that forms.Then, at the urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution of sulfur film layer surface spraying montmorillonoid-containing (SM-LV type), reach 9% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass again up to urea-formaldehyde resin-montmorillonite composite rete (polynite: the mass ratio of urea-formaldehyde resin is 2: the 23) quality that forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the urea-formaldehyde resin in the rete is solidified fully, promptly gets the fertile coated slow release urea of the present invention.
Embodiment 8
With particle diameter is in the spherical industrial urea adding rotary drum encapsulation tool of 2.0～3.0mm, rotates rotary drum and makes spherical urea be in flow state, and spherical urea temperature remains on 95 ℃ in the rotary drum.150 ℃ of left and right sides fusion sulphur slowly are sprayed at spherical urea surface, and spraying reaches 6% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to the sulfur film layer quality that forms.Then, at sulfur film layer surface spraying high-impact polystyrene (FRH-1 of Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Company type) toluene solution, spraying reaches 1% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to the high-impact polystyrene film quality that forms, and thorough drying is removed toluene in the rete.Subsequently, spray the urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution of montmorillonoid-containing (SM-LV type) again on the high-impact polystyrene rete, spraying reaches 8% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to urea-formaldehyde resin-montmorillonite composite rete (polynite: the mass ratio of urea-formaldehyde resin is 2: the 23) quality that forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the urea-formaldehyde resin in the rete is solidified fully, promptly gets the fertile coated slow release urea of the present invention.
Embodiment 9
With particle diameter is in the spherical industrial urea adding rotary drum encapsulation tool of 2.0～3.0mm, rotates rotary drum and makes spherical urea be in flow state, and spherical urea temperature remains on 95 ℃ in the rotary drum.High-impact polystyrene (FRH-1 of Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Company type) toluene solution slowly is sprayed at spherical urea surface, spraying reaches 1% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to the high-impact polystyrene film quality that forms, and thorough drying is removed toluene in the rete.Then, at the melamine formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution of high-impact polystyrene film surface spraying montmorillonoid-containing (SM-LV type), spraying reaches 19% of the fertile coated slow release urea of final finished total mass up to melamine formaldehyde resin-montmorillonite composite rete (polynite: the mass ratio of melamine formaldehyde resin is 3: the 47) quality that forms again.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the melamine formaldehyde resin in the rete is solidified fully, promptly gets the fertile coated slow release urea of the present invention.
Comparative Examples 1
With particle diameter is in the spherical industrial urea adding rotary drum encapsulation tool of 2.0～3.0mm, rotates rotary drum and makes spherical urea be in flow state, and spherical urea temperature remains on 95 ℃ in the rotary drum.The polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution slowly is sprayed at spherical urea surface, and spraying reaches 20% of final finished membrane wrapping sustained-release urea total mass up to the polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin film quality that forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin in the rete is solidified fully, promptly gets membrane wrapping sustained-release urea.
Comparative Examples 2
With particle diameter is in the spherical industrial urea adding rotary drum encapsulation tool of 2.0～3.0mm, rotates rotary drum and makes spherical urea be in flow state, and spherical urea temperature remains on 95 ℃ in the rotary drum.150 ℃ of left and right sides fusion sulphur slowly are sprayed at spherical urea surface, and spraying reaches 6% of final finished membrane wrapping sustained-release urea total mass up to the sulfur film layer quality that forms.Then, spray the urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution again on the sulfur film layer surface, spraying reaches 9% of final finished membrane wrapping sustained-release urea total mass up to the urea-formaldehyde resin film quality that forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the urea-formaldehyde resin in the rete is solidified fully, promptly gets membrane wrapping sustained-release urea.
Comparative Examples 3
With particle diameter is in the spherical industrial urea adding rotary drum encapsulation tool of 2.0～3.0mm, rotates rotary drum and makes spherical urea be in flow state, and spherical urea temperature remains on 95 ℃ in the rotary drum.High-impact polystyrene (FRH-1 of Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Company type) toluene solution slowly is sprayed at spherical urea surface, spraying reaches 1% of final finished membrane wrapping sustained-release urea total mass up to the high-impact polystyrene film quality that forms, and thorough drying is removed toluene in the rete.Then, at the high-impact polystyrene film surface spraying melamine formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution, reach 19% of final finished membrane wrapping sustained-release urea total mass again up to the melamine formaldehyde resin film quality that forms.Thorough drying is removed in the rete moisture, and the melamine formaldehyde resin in the rete is solidified fully, promptly gets membrane wrapping sustained-release urea.
The release period of the fertile coated slow release urea of the obtained the present invention of embodiment 1-6 is respectively 1.5 times, 2.0 times, 3.8 times, 4.3 times, 4.0 times and 2.4 times of Comparative Examples 1 obtained membrane wrapping sustained-release urea release period.The release period of the fertile coated slow release urea of the obtained the present invention of embodiment 7-8 is respectively 2.1 times and 3.2 times of Comparative Examples 2 obtained membrane wrapping sustained-release urea release periods.The release period of the fertile coated slow release urea of embodiment 9 obtained the present invention is 2.2 times of Comparative Examples 3 obtained membrane wrapping sustained-release urea release periods.
The polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution that adopts in embodiment 1-6 and the Comparative Examples 1 is prepared by urea, polyvinyl alcohol, formaldehyde reaction, urea: formaldehyde: the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol 1799 is 100: 89: 3, adds the ammonium chloride solidifying agent of polyvinyl alcohol modification urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer quality 2% before filming.The urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution that adopts in embodiment 7-8 and the Comparative Examples 2 is prepared by urea and formaldehyde reaction, and urea: formaldehyde mole ratio is 1: 1.5, adds the ammonium chloride solidifying agent of urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer quality 2% before filming.The melamine formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution that adopts in embodiment 9 and the Comparative Examples 3 is prepared by trimeric cyanamide and formaldehyde reaction, trimeric cyanamide: formaldehyde mole ratio is 1: 3, adds the ammonium chloride solidifying agent of melamine formaldehyde resin prepolymer quality 2% before filming.Institute's adopting montmorillonite is a Zhejiang Feng Hong clay chemical industry company limited product among the embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. a fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer is made up of chemical fertilizer core and chemical fertilizer core peplos, it is characterized in that: coating is the composite film of aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete or aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete and degradable polymer rete.
2. fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: degradable polymer is one or more in Derlin, biodegradation type polyester, unsaturated oil resin, natural substance modified resin and the natural polymer and the derivative thereof of aminoresin, polyvinyl alcohol and multipolymer thereof.
3. fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be compounded with sulfur film layer and/or high permeability resistant organic film layer in the coating.
4. fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: high permeability resistant organic is one or more in polyvinyl chloride and multipolymer, polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and multipolymer thereof, polyacrylic ester and multipolymer thereof, ABS, paracril, urethane, Resins, epoxy, unsaturated polyester, resol, Synolac, coumarone-indene resin, pitch, rosin and ester thereof and the nonpolar organic matter.
5. fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: high permeability resistant organic film layer thickness≤20 μ m.
6. according to each described fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: massfraction≤50% of polynite in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete.
7. according to each described fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: also be mixed with high permeability resistant organic in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete.
8. fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: high permeability resistant organic is one or more in polyvinyl chloride and multipolymer, polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and multipolymer thereof, polyacrylic ester and multipolymer thereof, ABS, paracril, urethane, Resins, epoxy, unsaturated polyester, resol, Synolac, coumarone-indene resin, pitch, rosin and ester thereof and the nonpolar organic matter.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizers, it is characterized in that: massfraction≤50% of polynite in aminoresin-montmorillonite composite rete.
10. according to each described fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer of claim 1-9, it is characterized in that: coating total thickness 〉=30 μ m.
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| CN200810155528A CN101712572A (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2008-10-07 | Fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer |
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| CN200810155528A CN101712572A (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2008-10-07 | Fat-mass film-coated slow-release fertilizer |
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| CN101712572A true CN101712572A (en) | 2010-05-26 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102311291A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-01-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Resin coated sustained and controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102826915A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2012-12-19 | 山东农业大学 | Unsaturated polyester resin coated controlled-release fertilizer with sulfur as base coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN103044169A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-04-17 | 山东农业大学 | Controlled release fertilizer using unsaturated polyester resin to cover film and production method thereof |
| CN108467316A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-08-31 | 望江县东方米业有限责任公司 | A kind of Rice Cropping Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer |
| CN110563513A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2019-12-13 | 兰州理工大学 | formula of modified coating solution for producing slow release fertilizer |
| CN110698268A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-17 | 汉寿县惠湖莲藕专业合作社 | Organic fertilizer for lotus root planting and preparation method thereof |
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2008
- 2008-10-07 CN CN200810155528A patent/CN101712572A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102311291A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-01-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Resin coated sustained and controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103044169A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-04-17 | 山东农业大学 | Controlled release fertilizer using unsaturated polyester resin to cover film and production method thereof |
| CN103044169B (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2014-05-14 | 山东农业大学 | Controlled release fertilizer using unsaturated polyester resin to cover film and production method thereof |
| CN102826915A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2012-12-19 | 山东农业大学 | Unsaturated polyester resin coated controlled-release fertilizer with sulfur as base coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN108467316A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-08-31 | 望江县东方米业有限责任公司 | A kind of Rice Cropping Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer |
| CN110563513A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2019-12-13 | 兰州理工大学 | formula of modified coating solution for producing slow release fertilizer |
| CN110563513B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-08-24 | 兰州理工大学 | Modified coating solution for producing slow release fertilizer |
| CN110698268A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-17 | 汉寿县惠湖莲藕专业合作社 | Organic fertilizer for lotus root planting and preparation method thereof |
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Open date: 20100526 |