CN1936645A - Infrared optical system using using double-layer harmonic diffraction element - Google Patents
Infrared optical system using using double-layer harmonic diffraction element Download PDFInfo
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- CN1936645A CN1936645A CNA2006100161668A CN200610016166A CN1936645A CN 1936645 A CN1936645 A CN 1936645A CN A2006100161668 A CNA2006100161668 A CN A2006100161668A CN 200610016166 A CN200610016166 A CN 200610016166A CN 1936645 A CN1936645 A CN 1936645A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 13
- 206010010071 Coma Diseases 0.000 description 4
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- 101100257694 Arabidopsis thaliana SRF2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;zinc Chemical compound [Se]=[Zn] SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/14—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
- G02B27/0037—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration with diffracting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
- G02B27/4205—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant
- G02B27/4211—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant correcting chromatic aberrations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
- G02B27/4288—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having uniform diffraction efficiency over a large spectral bandwidth
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Abstract
The invention relates to two modified Petzval infrared two-band detecting optical system which is infrared two-band monolayer harmony diffraction optical system and the infrared two-band double harmony diffraction optical system. The monolayer includes the refractor and the refraction/harmony diffraction mixed lens; the double harmony diffraction optical system includes the refractor and the double refraction/harmony diffraction mixed lens. The infrared two-band monolayer harmony diffraction optical system is to lead the harmony diffraction lens into the infrared single-range Petzval objective lens system to reach the dual spectrum detection of middle-infrared 3.4-4.2 mum and thermal infrared 8-11 mum. The infrared two-band double harmony diffraction optical system can improve the diffraction efficient by the double harmony diffraction element. So the diffraction efficient can reach to above 90% in the invention, the image surface contrast has been improved, so it provides a new device for the infrared system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to infrared imaging optical system, particularly be applied in space and the military detected with high accuracy detection that realizes the infrared and thermal infrared wave band of centering, belong to advanced third generation infrared double-waveband detection optical system.
Background technology
At present military or space infrared eye is generally operational in infrared or 8～14 μ m thermal infrared single wavelength atmospheric windows among 3～5 μ m, " desert shade " long-range air-to-ground guided missile of English, method joint research and development for example, and its service band is 3.7-4.8 μ m; The U.S. is used for the BAT antitank missile and then is operated in the thermal infrared wave band.The target image that detector obtains is a gray-scale map, distinguishes target and background by gray scale difference.Complicated along with the raising of camouflage technology and background environment is fit to the two waveband that higher detection accuracy requires and surveys the first-selection that becomes infrared acquisition.Two waveband is surveyed can not only provide single-range gray scale difference, and " colour-difference " of different-waveband heat picture can be provided, and therefore has higher object recognition rate.Humorous diffraction lens can obtain identical focal power in different discrete wave strong points, utilizes this characteristic can realize the multiband detection of optical system.But the individual layer diffraction element is only the highest in the design wavelength diffraction efficiency, diffraction efficiency can reach 100% in theory, along with the relative design wavelength of wavelength departs to both sides, the inferior diffraction efficiency of the main order of diffraction descends gradually, the diffraction energy disperse of (and its diffraction efficiency of increase of modulating thickness along with the position mutually with the decline of wavelength more very) inferior order of diffraction time is on the image planes of the main order of diffraction time, influenced the contrast of image planes, reduced the detection accuracy of system at wide wave field.Therefore to improve and contain the diffraction efficiency of harmonic diffraction element two waveband optical system under each wavelength of design wave band.
The Petzval imaging lens has big relative aperture, adapt to modern photoelectricity shooting in of the requirement of infrared single band to optical system, in the design of infrared optical system, obtained using widely, but single wave band has been unsuitable for modern space and the military requirements for high precision of surveying.
Summary of the invention
The present invention does not at first increase and introduces the humorous diffraction relief surface of individual layer type under the condition of Petzval objective system refractor sheet number, designed the infrared double-waveband individual layer humorous diffraction optical system of a service band scope at 3.4～4.2 μ m and 8～11 μ m, its design object is: 5 ° of field angle, F# is 1.5, focal length 90mm.
Secondly, difficulty for the diffraction efficiency that overcomes individual layer harmonic diffraction element system, double-layer harmonic diffraction element is incorporated in the system, to improve the diffraction efficiency in the broadband, designed the infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system of a service band scope at 3.4～4.2 μ m and 8～11 μ m, its design object is: field angle 5o, F# are 1.5, relative aperture 1.5, focal length 90mm.
The technical scheme that the present invention is concrete:
The humorous diffraction optical system of infrared double-waveband individual layer comprises refractor, refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens, detection plane, be characterized in: refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 1-12 is placed in the back at refractor 1-11, with being mounted with refractor 1-9,1-10,1-11, refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 1-12, detection plane 1-13 on the optical axis successively, the rear surface of refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens prepares humorous diffraction relief surface type 1-8, be placed on the side near detection plane, its front is plane of refraction 1-7.
Infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system comprises refractor, double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction lens, detection plane, be characterized in: place double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 2-14 in the back of refractor 2-13, with being mounted with refractor 2-11,2-12,2-13, double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 2-14, detection plane 2-15 on the optical axis successively.The opposite face of two layers of harmonic diffraction lens prepares humorous diffraction relief surface type 2-8,2-9, and two harmonic diffraction surfaces bottoms are to the bottom, and the top is closely linked to the top, and its front is plane of refraction 2-7, and the back is plane of refraction 2-10.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: in the humorous diffraction optical system of infrared double-waveband individual layer, adopt refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens, utilize harmonic diffraction element can make the light of different discrete wavelength have identical focal power, characteristic that resonance wavelength is identical with the design wavelength diffraction efficiency, can make the spectrum of two wave bands not separated, make it coplane, and can in two wavelength band, distinguish the elementary aberration and the spherochromatism of corrective system.Break through many limitations of conventional optical systems, the detected with high accuracy requirement of infrared and thermal infrared two waveband in having satisfied.Utilize double-deck diffraction element can improve the characteristic of the diffraction efficiency of diffraction element on each wavelength, in the infrared double-waveband system, adopt double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens, make that the diffraction efficiency of optical system in wide spectral range improved greatly, in infrared and diffraction efficiencies two each wavelength of detecting band of thermal infrared all can reach more than 90%, improved the image planes contrast, perfect image quality.The application that the present invention surveys in two waveband for traditional infrared single band Petzval object lens provides a kind of new thought and notion.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the humorous diffraction optical system structural representation of infrared double-waveband individual layer of the present invention
Fig. 2 is that the humorous diffraction optical system of infrared double-waveband individual layer of the present invention is at the MTF of 3.4～4.2 mu m wavebands curve
Fig. 3 is that the humorous diffraction optical system of infrared double-waveband individual layer of the present invention is at the MTF of 8～11 mu m wavebands curve
Fig. 4 is the diffraction efficiency curve of the humorous diffraction optical system of infrared double-waveband individual layer of the present invention at 3.4～4.2 mu m wavebands
Fig. 5 is the diffraction efficiency curve of the humorous diffraction optical system of infrared double-waveband individual layer of the present invention at 8～11 mu m wavebands
Fig. 6 is an infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system structure synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 7 is a two layers of harmonic diffraction structural representation in the infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system of the present invention
Fig. 8 is that infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system of the present invention is at the MTF of 3.4～4.2 mu m wavebands curve
Fig. 9 is that infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system of the present invention is at the MTF of 8～11 mu m wavebands curve
Figure 10 is the diffraction efficiency curve of infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system of the present invention at 3.4～4.2 mu m wavebands
Figure 11 is the diffraction efficiency curve of infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system of the present invention at 8～11 mu m wavebands
Wherein: 1-1, plane of refraction 1-2, plane of refraction 1-3, plane of refraction 1-4, plane of refraction 1-5, plane of refraction 1-6, plane of refraction 1-7, plane of refraction 1-8, humorous diffraction relief surface type 1-9, refractor 1-10, refractor 1-11, refractor 1-12, refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 1-13, detection plane.2-1, plane of refraction 2-2, plane of refraction 2-3, plane of refraction 2-4, plane of refraction 2-5, plane of refraction 2-6, plane of refraction 2-7, plane of refraction 2-8, humorous diffraction relief surface type 2-9, humorous diffraction relief surface type 2-10, plane of refraction 2-11, refractor 2-12, refractor 2-13, refractor 2-14, double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 2-15, detection plane.
Embodiment
First system of the present invention is the humorous diffraction optical system of infrared double-waveband individual layer, comprise refractor, refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens, detection plane, it is characterized in that: refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 1-12 is placed in the back at refractor 1-11, with being mounted with refractor 1-9, refractor 1-10, refractor 1-11, refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 1-12, detection plane 1-13 on the optical axis successively, the front surface of refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens is plane of refraction 1-7, and the humorous diffraction relief surface type 1-8 of preparation is placed on the side near detection plane 1-13.
Lens combination integral body is a Petzval type objective system, and preceding group is made of convex lens 1-9 and concavees lens 1-10, and the back group is made of concavees lens 1-11 and the folding/hybrid lens 1-12 that spreads out.
The front surface 1-7 of refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens is a sphere, and rear surface 1-8 is humorous diffraction relief surface type; The substrate of humorous diffraction relief surface type 1-8 can be plane, sphere or aspheric surface.
Refractor, refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens material can be chosen in any two kinds combination in the high material of wavelength band 3.4～4.2 μ m and 8～11 μ m transmitances.
Second system of the present invention is infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system, comprise refractor, refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens, detection plane, it is characterized in that: place double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 2-14 in the back of refractor 2-13, with being mounted with refractor 2-11 on the optical axis successively, refractor 2-12, refractor 2-13, double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 2-14, detection plane 2-15, the front surface of double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens is plane of refraction 2-7, the rear surface is plane of refraction 2-10, middle humorous diffraction relief surface type 2-8, the bottom is to the bottom relatively for 2-9, combines closely to the top in the top.
Lens combination integral body is a Petzval type objective system, and preceding group is made of convex lens 2-11 and concavees lens 2-12, and the back group is rolled over/spread out hybrid lens 2-14 by concavees lens 2-13 and bilayer and constitutes.
The front surface 2-7 of double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens is a sphere, rear surface 2-10 sphere; The substrate of humorous diffraction relief surface type 2-8,2-9 can be plane, sphere or aspheric surface.
In wavelength band 3.4～4.2 μ m and 8～11 μ m, the refractor material can be selected the high arbitrary combination of transmitance, and double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens first and second layer materials are respectively high-refractivity and low-dispersion, the high chromatic dispersion material of low-refraction.For example the ground floor base material is ZnSe in this example, and second layer base material is SRF2.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the humorous diffraction optical system of first system's infrared double-waveband individual layer of the present invention.
When the present invention works, after the light of wave band 3.4-4.2 μ m and 8-11 μ m is by preceding group refractor 1-9,1-10, light produces a series of aberrations such as spherical aberration, coma, the curvature of field and aberration, refractor 1-11 by back group negative power, proofread and correct aberrations such as a part of spherical aberration, coma, the curvature of field, refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens by having positive light coke is finished the distribution of focal power again.Harmonic diffraction surfaces 1-8 proofreaies and correct the aberration on two wave bands, because the effect of humorous diffraction, the spectrum of two wave bands is not separated, makes it to have common image planes.Focal power is the clear aperature of increase system for the main effect of negative refractor 1-11 in the group of back.So it is good from the image formation by rays quality that Petzvcal type object lens mirror shown in Figure 1 comes out to be focused on the test surface.
The substrate of humorous diffraction relief surface type 1-8 can be plane or sphere or aspheric surface, and substrate is chosen as sphere in structure shown in the figure.Prepare the harmonious diffraction relief surface of plane of refraction 1-7 type 1-8 respectively on two surfaces of refraction/diffraction hybrid lens 1-12.
The material of refractor 1-9,1-10,1-11, refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 1-12 can be chosen in any two kinds combination in the high material of wavelength band 3.4～4.2 μ m and 8～1 μ m transmitances.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of second system of the present invention infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system.
When the present invention works, after the light of wave band 3.4-4.2 μ m and 8-11 μ m is by preceding group refractor 2-11,2-12, light produces a series of aberrations such as spherical aberration, coma, the curvature of field and aberration, refractor 2-13 by back group negative power, proofread and correct aberrations such as a part of spherical aberration, coma, the curvature of field, by having the bilayer refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 2-14 of positive light coke, finish the distribution of focal power again.Two layers of harmonic diffraction surfaces 2-8,2-9 proofread and correct the aberration on two wave bands, because the effect of humorous diffraction, the spectrum of two wave bands has common image planes, and diffraction efficiency is brought up to more than 90%.Focal power is the clear aperature of increase system for the main effect of negative refractor 2-13 in the group of back.So poly-good from each band of light congruence that Petzval type object lens mirror shown in Figure 1 comes out to be focused on the test surface, the contrast height, imaging is clear.
The substrate of two layers of harmonic diffraction relief surface type 2-8,2-9 can be plane or sphere or aspheric surface, and substrate is chosen as sphere in structure shown in the figure.Two outside surfaces at refraction/diffraction hybrid lens 2-14 prepare plane of refraction 2-7,2-8, and two inner abuts on surface prepare humorous diffraction relief surface type 2-8,2-9 respectively.
Refractor 2-11,2-12,2-13, refractive material can be chosen in any two kinds combination in the high material of wavelength band 3.4～4.2 μ m and 8～11 μ m transmitances.The material ground floor of double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens and second layer material are respectively the high chromatic dispersion material of high-refractivity and low-dispersion, low-refraction among wavelength band 3.4～4.2 μ m and 8～11 μ m.For example the ground floor base material is ZnSe in this example, and second layer base material is SRF2.
Claims (6)
1. based on the humorous diffraction optical system of infrared double-waveband individual layer on the Petzval object lens basis and two systems of infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system.The humorous diffraction optical system of infrared double-waveband individual layer comprises refractor, refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens, detection plane, it is characterized in that: refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 1-12 is placed in the back at refractor 1-11, with being mounted with refractor 1-9, refractor 1-10, refractor 1-11, refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 1-12, detection plane 1-13 on the optical axis successively, the rear surface of refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens prepares humorous diffraction relief surface type 1-8, be placed on the side near detection plane, its reverse side is plane of refraction 1-7.Infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system comprises refractor, double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens, detection plane, it is characterized in that: place double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 2-14 in the back of refractor 2-13, with being mounted with refractor 2-11 on the optical axis successively, refractor 2-12, refractor 2-13, double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 2-14, detection plane 2-15, the front and rear surfaces 2-7 of double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens, 2-9 can be the plane, sphere or aspheric surface, humorous diffraction relief surface type 2-8,2-9 has identical endless belt spacing, and the bottom is to the bottom, the top is closely linked to the top.
2. according to the humorous diffraction optical system of the described infrared double-waveband individual layer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: refractor 1-9 is convex lens, and refractor 1-10,1-11 are concavees lens; Refractor 2-11 is convex lens, and refractor 2-12,2-13 are concavees lens.
3. according to the humorous diffraction optical system of claim 1 infrared double-waveband individual layer, it is characterized in that: the front surface 1-7 of refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens 1-12 is a sphere, and rear surface 1-8 is a harmonic diffraction surfaces; The substrate of humorous diffraction relief surface type 1-8 can be plane, sphere or aspheric surface.
4. according to the humorous diffraction optical system of claim 1 infrared double-waveband individual layer, it is characterized in that: refractor, refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens material can be chosen in any two kinds combination in the high material of wavelength band 3.4-4.2 μ m and 8-11 μ m transmitance.
5. according to claim 1 infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system system, it is characterized in that: double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens front and rear surfaces 2-7,2-10 is sphere and can be plane, sphere or aspheric surface.Humorous diffraction relief surface type 2-8,2-9 have identical endless belt spacing, and the bottom is closely linked to the top to bottom, top.
6. according to claim 1 infrared double-waveband two layers of harmonic diffraction optical system system, it is characterized in that: in the design wave band, the ground floor of double-deck refraction/humorous diffraction hybrid lens and the high chromatic dispersion material of high-refractivity and low-dispersion, low-refraction that second layer material is respectively high permeability.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2006100161668A CN1936645A (en) | 2006-10-19 | 2006-10-19 | Infrared optical system using using double-layer harmonic diffraction element |
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| CNA2006100161668A CN1936645A (en) | 2006-10-19 | 2006-10-19 | Infrared optical system using using double-layer harmonic diffraction element |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101915978A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2010-12-15 | 中国兵器工业第二〇五研究所 | Infrared optical lens comprising two layers of harmonic diffraction surfaces |
| CN102200639A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2011-09-28 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Infrared medium-long wave double wave band imaging optical system |
| CN114721078A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-08 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Refraction-harmonic diffraction mixed lens array device for multispectral imaging and preparation method thereof |
-
2006
- 2006-10-19 CN CNA2006100161668A patent/CN1936645A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101915978A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2010-12-15 | 中国兵器工业第二〇五研究所 | Infrared optical lens comprising two layers of harmonic diffraction surfaces |
| CN102200639A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2011-09-28 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Infrared medium-long wave double wave band imaging optical system |
| CN102200639B (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2012-11-14 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Infrared medium-long wave double wave band imaging optical system |
| CN114721078A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-08 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Refraction-harmonic diffraction mixed lens array device for multispectral imaging and preparation method thereof |
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