CN1929037B - Copper alloy with excellent combination property for manufacturing elements of contacting net - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to copper alloy to process contact parts integral property in alloy materials technique field, which is characterized by the following: it is of following formula: magnesium for 0.05 to 0.35 percentage; tin for 0.35 to 0.05 percentage; rare earth for 0.003 to 0.025 percentage; mixture less than 0.10 percentage and remaining for copper. This invention uses copper as base andrequires one optimization formula to form one copper alloy.

Description

Be used to make the copper alloy of elements of contacting net high comprehensive performance

Technical field

Type of the present invention relates to the copper alloy of a kind of high strength that is used to make the electrification railway contact net lead, high conductivity, high tenacity, belongs to technical field of alloy material.

Background technology

Electric railway rapidly develops singularly and has become the well-known fact.The requirement of (shipping 40 joint railway carriages are increased to 124 joints) and bullet train (bringing up to 350km/h by 80km/h) because heavily loaded goods train is got the strictness day by day of stream performance demands to contact line wire tension, heat-resisting, wear-resisting, atmospheric corrosion resistance and locomotive.Electrified locomotive sets of lines electrical property is by train speed and wave propagation velocity ratio β decision, that is:

For guaranteeing the stable current collection performance of contact line circuit, the β value should be controlled at 0.7 for good.Increase considerably with train speed, also just requiring the C value is that wave propagation speed increases considerably, and wave propagation speed C is determined by following formula:

T: contact line line tension

$C=\sqrt{\frac{T}{\mathrm{\ρ}}}$

ρ: line density (kg/m)

The following formula explanation will improve wave propagation speed and have only two approach, and the one, reduce line density promptly: the quality that reduces every meter of contact wire.But because heavy haul train is in continuous upgrading, getting stream increases day by day, and obviously this approach is implacable; The tension force that improves contact line conducting wire besides is intensity, has increased the fail safe and the reliability of contact line conducting wire.

For this reason, the expert is doing a large amount of research work aspect the raising contact wire tension force in recent years.The German Research personnel are used in the method that strengthens content of magnesium in the copper alloy and improve intensity, but have therefore sacrificed conductance index (conductance has only 62.1%IACS); The Japanology personnel are employed in the copper alloy and add tin and do contact wire and be applied on the Japan adret the Shinkansen, contact wire intensity has been improved, yet conductance but drop to 62.6%IACS, and synthesis result is also not satisfactory.Recently Japan manufactures experimently out CT-PHC-110 precipitation strength type contact wire again, and intensity is up to 535MPa, and electric conductivity value can be thought the contact wire that performance is desirable up to 76%IACS, yet its bending, toughness properties such as to reel, reverse relatively poor.China's electric railway contact wire alternating bending, reverse, toughness such as coiling, uniformity index requirement is very strict; And these art advanced countries such as current Germany, Japan all do not do above-mentioned Performance Detection or detect index on the low side; Its product does not reach the requirement of China; Therefore, domestic electric railway is with high strength, high conductivity, and the development of high-ductility alloy material is anxious pending.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is used to overcome the defective of prior art and a kind of copper alloy that has high strength, high conductivity, high tenacity, is used to make the elements of contacting net high comprehensive performance is provided.

The alleged problem of the present invention is that following technical scheme solves:

A kind of copper alloy that is used to make the Catenary Fittings high comprehensive performance, its special feature is: it is formed by following proportion raw material melting: magnesium 0.05～0.35%; Tin 0.35～0.05%; Total impurities is not more than 0.10%; Surplus is a copper.

The above-mentioned copper alloy that is used to make the elements of contacting net high comprehensive performance; Add rare earth in the said proportioning and do not have plain 0.003～0.025%; Said rare earth does not have the plain purity that is>97% pure rare earth cerium, or the rare earth cerium of purity >=47%, all the other are the mixture of lanthanide series middle rare earth.

The above-mentioned copper alloy that is used to make the elements of contacting net high comprehensive performance, the total amount of magnesium and tin is no more than 0.55% in the said proportioning.

The present invention is directed to the problem that performance index such as contact netting twine copper coin alloy material intensity, conductance, toughness are difficult to take into account in the prior art improves; With copper is matrix; Dose magnesium, tin and rare earth element; According to the requirement of aspects such as contact netting twine mechanical property, conductivity, obtained the alloy formula of an optimization through repetition test, form a kind of novel copper magnesium tin ternary alloy three-partalloy or copper magnesium tin rare earth quaternary alloy material.The conductive parts such as contact wire that adopt this alloy material to make, mechanical property obviously improves, and wherein during intensity >=440MPa, conductivity can reach 83%IACS; During intensity >=535MPa, conductivity can meet or exceed 76%IACS.Above-mentioned two indexs and present state-of-the-art Japanese CT-PHC type contact wire maintain an equal level, yet its bending, performance such as reel, reverse and surpass Japanese CT-PHC type contact wire.Based on These characteristics; The present invention has significant progress aspect the development of contact netting twine Cu alloy material; Its application prospect is very considerable; It is various to intensity, conductance, the higher conductive devices of toughness reguirements to be widely used in manufacturing, particularly parts such as the contact wire on the railway power transportation contact line, twisted wire.

Embodiment

The disclosed copper alloy prescription of the present invention is in the matrix of copper, to add a spot of magnesium and tin is processed copper magnesium tin ternary alloy three-partalloy, or the magnesium rare earth copper quaternary alloy that magnesium, tin and the rare earth element of addition processed in the matrix of copper.Wherein, magnesium and tin fuse in the copper can form solid solution with copper, and the complex intensifying effect is played in the aggravation distortion of lattice.Add the rare earth element except that can crystal grain thinning, improve intensity, eliminate or reduce the component segregation, can also improve the electric conductivity of alloy.Addition and proportioning through strictness control magnesium, tin, rare earth element reach when improving the strength of materials and conductance, can also make alloy material have high toughness index.Above-mentioned ternary alloy three-partalloy, quaternary alloy, the relation of its alloy adding and performance is followed following rule basically: with the increase (the particularly increase of magnesium elements) of magnesium, tin element addition, alloy strength improves but conductance descends to some extent.Test shows, adopts the contact wire of copper alloy made of the present invention, and when magnesium, when the tin element addition is no more than 0.45%, intensity can reach 440MPa, and conductivity can reach 83%IACS; When magnesium, when the tin element addition is no more than 0.55%, when intensity can reach 535MPa, conductivity met or exceeded 76%IACS.In addition, also have good toughness index with the contact wire of above-mentioned copper alloy made, alternating bending, antitorque commentaries on classics, coiling-resistant performance also all are significantly improved.In sum, copper alloy of the present invention is the preferred material of making the contact line conductive parts at present, when combustion also can be used for other high-strength conductive devices.

Below provide several specific embodiments:

Quaternary copper alloy: (weight %)

Ternary copper-alloy: (weight %)

When said ternary and quaternary alloy are smelted, take by weighing raw material by said ratio and insert in the smelting furnace, according to the fusion of rule method of smelting, cooling, crystallization, system ingot, it is for use to process alloy pig.

If when adopting the invention alloy to make contact wire, take by weighing raw material by said ratio, alloy melting with become base on the continuous up-casting machine, to carry out.At first copper, magnesium are smelt copper magnesium intermediate alloy in vacuum furnace; Copper, rare earth element are smelt the copper rare earth intermediate alloy in a vacuum, add copper, tin raw material melting thereafter again, and the melting furnace temperature is controlled at 1150 ± 20 ℃.Alloy liquid by the melting furnace fusing flows to the holding furnace insulation, reaches full and uniformization through the melting and heat preservation alloy liquid, 1140 ± 20 ℃ of holding furnace temperature.Crystallizer is inserted in the holding furnace liquid alloy, and continuous up-casting is processed copper magnesium ashbury metal or copper magnesium tin rare earth alloy bar base.

Claims (2)

1. copper alloy that is used to make the elements of contacting net high comprehensive performance, it is characterized in that: it is formed by following proportion raw material melting: magnesium 0.05%; Tin 0.18%; Total impurities is not more than 0.10%; Surplus is a copper;

Add rare earth element 0.003% in the said proportioning, said rare earth element is purity＞97% rare earth cerium, or the rare earth cerium of purity >=47%, and all the other are the mixture of lanthanide series middle rare earth;

During smelting, at first copper, magnesium are smelt copper magnesium intermediate alloy in vacuum furnace; Copper, rare earth element are smelt the copper rare earth intermediate alloy in vacuum furnace, add copper, tin raw material melting thereafter again, and the melting furnace temperature is controlled at 1150 ± 20 ℃; Alloy liquid by melting furnace fusing flows to the holding furnace insulation, reaches full and uniformization, 1140 ± 20 ℃ of holding furnace temperature through the alloy liquid of melting and heat preservation.

2. copper alloy that is used to make the elements of contacting net high comprehensive performance, it is characterized in that: it is formed by following proportion raw material melting: magnesium 0.10%; Tin 0.19%; Total impurities is not more than 0.10%; Surplus is a copper;

Add rare earth element 0.005% in the said proportioning, said rare earth element is purity＞97% rare earth cerium, or the rare earth cerium of purity >=47%, and all the other are the mixture of lanthanide series middle rare earth;

During smelting, at first copper, magnesium are smelt copper magnesium intermediate alloy in vacuum furnace; Copper, rare earth element are smelt the copper rare earth intermediate alloy in vacuum furnace, add copper, tin raw material melting thereafter again, and the melting furnace temperature is controlled at 1150 ± 20 ℃; Alloy liquid by melting furnace fusing flows to the holding furnace insulation, reaches full and uniformization, 1140 ± 20 ℃ of holding furnace temperature through the alloy liquid of melting and heat preservation.