CN1923984A - Combustion-supporting additive for improving propane or liquefied petroleum gas flame temperature - Google Patents
Combustion-supporting additive for improving propane or liquefied petroleum gas flame temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN1923984A CN1923984A CN 200510099720 CN200510099720A CN1923984A CN 1923984 A CN1923984 A CN 1923984A CN 200510099720 CN200510099720 CN 200510099720 CN 200510099720 A CN200510099720 A CN 200510099720A CN 1923984 A CN1923984 A CN 1923984A
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- flame
- flame temperature
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- propane
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combustion additive, which comprises the following parts: carbinol, methyl phenyl ether, alcohol, high-carbon alcohol, xylene, tertamyl methyl ether, tert-butyl hydroperoxide and ketoperoxidate. The invention can improve flame temperature to over 3000 deg.c for natural gas, which becomes new substituted gas of acetylene with the composite weight rate of additive and natural gas at 1%.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of and the perfect combustion catalyzer that can improve propane or liquefied petroleum gas flame temperature after propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) mix rapidly.This perfect combustion catalyzer can the flame temperature in oxygen be brought up to propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) more than 3000 ℃, can make propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) surpass acetylene in the use properties in fields such as metal welding, and the acetylene that becomes a new generation substitutes gas.
One, preface
In the flame machining operation of metal cutting, advantage such as acetylene has the flame temperature height as a kind of traditional source of the gas, and the hot-work effect is remarkable is widely used in the field such as cutting, welding, straightening of metal by industry member.But acetylene also has significant disadvantages, and promptly the acetylene poor stability consumes energy greatly, and the price height produces environmental pollution or the like.
Propane or the most basic shortcoming of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) are exactly that flame temperature is low, preheating is slow, are about 1.5-2 times of acetylene the warm up time of particularly punching.Thereby applicable surface is narrower, fully replaced acetylene.
Therefore, design effective perfect combustion catalyzer and improve propane or liquefied petroleum gas flame temperature, make additive and propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) rationally be mixed, vaporization synchronously, and do not stop up and corrosion pipeline and valve, applying to can improve rapidly in the industry cutting flame temperature of propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), meet or exceed preheating punching time, cutting speed in feet per minute and the cutting quality of acetylene, is a relevant problem.
Two, improve the theoretical analysis of flame temperature about a small amount of additive
1, flame burning characteristic
Inflammability limit, kindling temperature and combustionvelocity are the flame burning characteristics, often are referred to as the flame three elements.The three elements of flame depend on the character and the composition of combustible mixture, original pressure and temperature, the structure of burning vessel and numerous factors such as character of wall.
In actual use, flame burning speed is most important factor in the three elements, and it directly affects the safe handling of flame and stable burning.
Flame burning speed is relevant with gaseous constituent, initial temperature, humidity and gas velocity.Make flame stabilization and burning safely, should make combustionvelocity be equal to or less than gas velocity vertical component on flame front, can be expressed as S＜V with mathematical equation, in real work, when gas velocity V combustionvelocity S, the normal of flame front and the angle of burner axis increase, and flame will be blown out; When V＜S, S points in the burner, and flame is propagated in burner, produces " tempering " blast.Gas velocity depends on the structure and the shape of supply gas pressure, burner, and for slit burner commonly used, under the supply gas pressure of giving enough, gas velocity then depends on the port area of burner, stitches wide and longly, and then gas velocity is little, otherwise then big.
Flame temperature is one of principal character of flame, and it all plays an important role to the formation of compound in the flame and disassociation and element atomize to be measured.In flame, inflammable mixture produces a large amount of heat energy according to its combustion reactions on the one hand, on the other hand, because compound dissociates in the flame, and for the equilibrium mixture that exists in the flame being brought up to flame temperature requirement consumption of calorie, the volumetric expansion that produces when also having the flame gas burning also will consume portion of energy, and the thermal energy balance of this two aspect has determined flame temperature.When flame was in thermal equilibrium state, temperature just can be used for characterizing the true energy of flame.For above-mentioned reasons, under normal pressure, the top temperature of chemical flame only is about 3000 ℃.
2, organic solvent can influence flame temperature
When suction spray test solution entered flame, flame will consume a large amount of heats and evaporate, decomposes the test solution solvent, and degradation production is brought up to flame temperature, thereby causes the decline of flame temperature.If solvent is a water, for cold flame, because the flame decomposition water yield is little, this effects of reduced temperature is not obvious, but for thermal-flame, because it is big to decompose the water yield, this effects of reduced temperature is then very remarkable, if adopt organic solvents such as ironing alcohol to make solvent, because they also can burn and discharge a large amount of heat energy in flame, they are introduced cold flame, will help to improve flame temperature, but for thermal-flame, they then can not improve flame temperature significantly, still based on effects of reduced temperature, so, in real work, should note selecting what of suitable sample solvent and feed liquor amount in order to guarantee the effect of flame atomization.
The used flame of atomic absorption spectrometry generally all is direct incendiary in atmosphere.Diffuse to gas the flame dissociates and also can have influence on flame temperature from the external world.
It all is the intensive thermo-negative reaction that institute responds, and will consume the heat that combustion reactions produces when dissociating, and reduces flame temperature.For atomic absorption spectrochemical analysis, have only ground state atom that atomic absorption analysis is only effectively.This just requires flame must have enough temperature, is dissociated into free atom to guarantee that sample fully evaporates with element compound to be measured.Flame temperature should be high more good more in this sense, but after flame temperature improved, flame emission intensity increased, Doppler effect strengthens, the absorption line broadens, the gas expansion factor increases, thereby free atom concentration reduces in making it mutually, and the sensitivity that causes measuring reduces.
In addition, for the lower element of those ionization potentials, as Na, K, Rb and Cs, the flame temperature height causes them to produce serious ionization in flame, and ground state atom concentration reduces.Therefore, in real work, should finish temperature according to the physical property of sample character and tested element and select.
3, organic solvent can change the flame composition
The composition of flame has determined the redox characteristic of flame, and directly has influence on the decomposition of element compound to be measured and be difficult to resolve the formation of ionization compound, and then has influence on the useful life in atomization efficiency and the free atom flame zone.
With an organic solvent spray into flame, can change the composition and the characteristic of flame.For hydrogen flame, the introducing of organic solvent only influences flame temperature, and reason is that hydrogen flame product is a water, and extreme misery is inconsistent.But, if organic solvent is introduced hydrocarbon flame, it not only can be used as additional heating source, improve flame temperature, and the more important thing is composition and the response characteristic that has changed flame, the difference according to C/O ratio in the organic solvent can be divided three classes solvent, C/O than greater than 1 be the reductibility solvent, this kind solvent such as C
6H
6, C
2H
5OH etc., they can improve the C/O ratio of high flame, C/O than equal 1 be neutral solvent such as CH
3OH, its introducing can not change the C/O ratio in the flame, C/O than less than 1 be the oxidisability solvent, as HCOOH, H
2O etc., they introduce the C/O ratio that will reduce flame.
4, additive is one of principal element that influences the flame nominal velocity of propagation
Influencing the flame nominal velocity of propagation comprises: the influence of excess air ratio; The influence of chemistry of fuel structure; The influence of additive; Mix the influence of combustiblematerials initial temperature T0; The influence of flame temperature; The influence of pressure; The influence of inert substance content; The influence of thermal diffusivity and specific heat.
Can learn that by the prerequisite several primary conditions of burning fire extinguishing is exactly to destroy combustion conditions to make combustion reactions terminated process.Its ultimate principle reduces following four aspects: cool off, suffocate, isolation and Chemical Inhibition (use the intermediate free radical reaction of fire-fighting medium and chain reaction, thereby make incendiary chain reaction interruption make burning can not continue to carry out).Powder extinguishing agent commonly used, the main extinguishing mechanism of halon extinguishing agent are exactly the Chemical Inhibition effect.When for example its extinguishing mechanism of halon extinguishing agent is haloalkane contact high temperature surface or flame, decompose the living radical that produces, negative chemical catalysis effect and chemical purification effect by halogen hydride such as bromine and fluorine, pounce in a large number and catch, consume the free radical that produces in the burning chain reaction, destroy and the chain reaction of inhibition incendiary, and rapidly flame is put out; Be by Chemical Inhibition effect fire extinguishing.
The main purpose that increases additive in propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is to improve kindling temperature, improves the combustiblematerials initial temperature, promotes chemical reaction velocity greatly, thereby improves the calorific value of propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).And the principle that improves flame temperature promptly adopts and puts out a fire opposite mode, improves number of free radical, accelerates the reaction of flame.In the selection of formula material, preferentially select organo-peroxide, make additive catch fire easily like this, combustion force is strong.Organo-peroxide is a class carbon compound, and intramolecularly contains one or more than one peroxide bridge-O-O-.Its thermolysis produces highly active free group.
Three, improve propane or the additive of liquefied petroleum gas flame temperature and the experimental design of adding proportion
1, metal current Cutting Gas additive does not also have national standard and industry standard, but State Environmental Protection Administration has carried out relevant regulations (HBC 13-2002) to metal welding/cutting gas in environmental product technical requirements and the requirement of environmental labelling product authentication techniques:
1) total content≤200g/kg of benzene content≤5g/kg, toluene and dimethylbenzene in the additive for welding-cutting gas of metal.
Flame temperature when 2) metal welding/cutting gas burns in oxygen must be more than 3000 ℃.
3) calorific value of metal welding/cutting gas is not less than 90MJ/m3.
4) metal welding/cutting gas is not more than the I level to the corrodibility rank of storage vessel.
5) when ambient temperature and steel cylinder temperature at 0 ℃, when the steel cylinder surplus pressure was 0.01Mpa, the surplus materials in the steel cylinder should be less than 3% of total filling weight.
2, we must consider suitable adding proportion and the economy that applies to market on the formulation selection of additive; Should accomplish that this additive is for incendiary validity (that is: the mixture combustion temperature is more than 3000 ℃); Accomplish that again additive can not have pair HUMAN HEALTH that the composition of excessive danger is arranged; Additive must be finished synchronous vaporization with propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) simultaneously, and does not stop up and corrosion pipeline and valve; Can not there be greatest differences because of the variation of envrionment temperature in solvability, the saturation ratio of additive in propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), otherwise can cause that seasonal variation causes the flame temperature instability of gas mixture.
3, through reaching the research in 5 years, the contriver respectively with propane and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as mother-qi, add different materials as combustion supporting catalyst, addition is 1%.Use G01-100 type cutting torch then, the 2# cutting torch is 50m to length, and thickness is punch prefiring and cutting property simultaneous test of the cold steel plate of 40mm:.
| Add component (total content 1%, weight ratio) | The 40mm cold drawing punches warm up time (second) | The semi-automatic straight cuts speed of 50m | Cross section quality | Gas consumption (Kg) |
| 70% methyl alcohol, 25% dimethylbenzene, 5% higher alcohols | 25-28 | 330mm/min | I | 1.8 |
| 35% methyl alcohol, 10% methyl-phenoxide, 10% ethanol, 5% higher alcohols, 10% dimethylbenzene, 5% methyl tertiary butyl ether, 10% tertbutyl peroxide, 15% ketone peroxide | 12-15 | 410mm/min | I | 1.3 |
| Acetylene-oxygen flame | 25-30 | 380mm/min | II | 1.8 |
| Pure propane-oxygen flame | 30-40 | 300mm/min | I | 2.4 |
| Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)-oxygen flame | 40-50 | 290mm/min | I | 2.5 |
From above experimental result, can show, thereby the propane of contriver development or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) additive are carried out the flame temperature of thorough mixing raising propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) by constant ratio and propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and satisfying propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is successful in the theory and practice of field demands such as metal welding.
Claims (3)
1. a perfect combustion catalyzer is used to improve propane or liquefied petroleum gas flame temperature.It is characterized in that: propane or liquefied petroleum gas flame temperature are reached more than 3000 ℃, thereby replace ethine satisfies the requirement of metal cutting gas to flame temperature.Mainly be by methyl alcohol, methyl-phenoxide, ethanol, higher alcohols, dimethylbenzene, methyl tertiary butyl ether, tertbutyl peroxide, prescriptions such as ketone peroxide dispose in proportion and form.
2. perfect combustion catalyzer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: propane or liquefied petroleum gas flame temperature are reached more than 3000 ℃, apply to the metal cutting field, thereby replace ethine satisfies the requirement of metal cutting gas to flame temperature.
3. perfect combustion catalyzer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: by methyl alcohol, and methyl-phenoxide, ethanol, higher alcohols, dimethylbenzene, methyl tertiary butyl ether, tertbutyl peroxide, prescriptions such as ketone peroxide dispose in proportion and form.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510099720 CN1923984A (en) | 2005-09-03 | 2005-09-03 | Combustion-supporting additive for improving propane or liquefied petroleum gas flame temperature |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510099720 CN1923984A (en) | 2005-09-03 | 2005-09-03 | Combustion-supporting additive for improving propane or liquefied petroleum gas flame temperature |
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| CN1923984A true CN1923984A (en) | 2007-03-07 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101892102A (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2010-11-24 | 北京兆牌科技发展有限公司 | High-efficiency industrial gas |
| CN107699310A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-02-16 | 龚芝芹 | A kind of efficient gas combustion-supporting agent |
| CN115125040A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-30 | 圣火能源科技(广东)有限公司 | Pentaneyl cutting fluid additive, and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2005
- 2005-09-03 CN CN 200510099720 patent/CN1923984A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101892102A (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2010-11-24 | 北京兆牌科技发展有限公司 | High-efficiency industrial gas |
| CN101892102B (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2013-03-06 | 北京兆牌科技发展有限公司 | High-efficiency industrial gas |
| CN107699310A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-02-16 | 龚芝芹 | A kind of efficient gas combustion-supporting agent |
| CN115125040A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-30 | 圣火能源科技(广东)有限公司 | Pentaneyl cutting fluid additive, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115125040B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-02-09 | 圣火能源科技(广东)有限公司 | Pentane-based cutting fluid additive and preparation method and application thereof |
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Open date: 20070307 |