CN1913593A - Timing signal processing apparatus for controlling driving of image-capturing element, and camera - Google Patents
Timing signal processing apparatus for controlling driving of image-capturing element, and camera Download PDFInfo
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- CN1913593A CN1913593A CNA2006101109990A CN200610110999A CN1913593A CN 1913593 A CN1913593 A CN 1913593A CN A2006101109990 A CNA2006101109990 A CN A2006101109990A CN 200610110999 A CN200610110999 A CN 200610110999A CN 1913593 A CN1913593 A CN 1913593A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/665—Control of cameras or camera modules involving internal camera communication with the image sensor, e.g. synchronising or multiplexing SSIS control signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/65—Control of camera operation in relation to power supply
- H04N23/651—Control of camera operation in relation to power supply for reducing power consumption by affecting camera operations, e.g. sleep mode, hibernation mode or power off of selective parts of the camera
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/667—Camera operation mode switching, e.g. between still and video, sport and normal or high- and low-resolution modes
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Abstract
A timing generator sets a 1-frame period, in which a pixel signal is read from a CCD, at a first period or a second period that is longer than the first period. The timing generator outputs specific timing signals (with optimal driving frequencies) to a vertical driver and a horizontal driver. If it is discriminated that the timing signal for a time period necessary for reading the pixel signal for one frame is output, the timing generator stops the output of the timing signal. Thereby, power saving can be achieved without deterioration of image quality, while reading of the pixel signal is being executed with an optimal driving frequency for the image-capturing element.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sequential (timing) signal that a kind of generation is used for driving imaging apparatus, the clock signal processing unit of reading camera head such as digital camera, the Digital Video of picture element signal, the mobile phone of band camera and producing employed clock signal in the said apparatus.
Background technology
Camera heads such as digital camera in recent years are because of high pixelation makes the necessary power of driving of CCD imaging apparatuss such as (Charge CoupledDevice) that the tendency of increase be arranged.In addition, owing in camera head, be equipped with various functions such as hand jitter correction, cause all power consumptions of camera head that the tendency of increase is also arranged.In addition, if consider user's convenience, the longevityization of then wishing battery also is low-powerization.
In the past, proposed under the situation of the CDD that uses high pixelation, can alleviate the camera head (spy opens 2003-60994 communique etc.) of power consumption.
In the camera head before being somebody's turn to do, corresponding to any of a plurality of read modes, to supply with the driving frequency of the driving pulse of CCD from timing sequence generating circuit, in the 1st frequency of supplying with according to clock generation circuit that clock generated, and, suppress current sinking than switching between the 2nd low frequency of the 1st frequency.
But, in order to carry out stable action, need promptly allow to change driving frequency by by the driving frequency that specification determined by CCD, it is unstable that the action under the situation of dynamically change also can become.
In addition, under to the lower situation of the driving frequency of CCD, because the delivery time from the electric charge (picture element signal) of the photo detector (photodiode) of CCD prolongs, if therefore for example shine high light, charge leakage from photo detector to vertical CCD just can take place, be blended in the electric charge of being read, also promptly produce stain (smear).Because readout time is long more, the leakage of electric charge is many more, if therefore reduced driving frequency and prolong readout time as former method, then might cause the reduction of picture element.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes in view of above problem just.
In the scheme of the present invention, a kind of camera head produces the clock signal that is used for driving imaging apparatus, reads picture element signal, has:
The pattern set mechanism, it sets arbitrarily a plurality of patterns of the needed asynchronism(-nization) of valid pixel signal of reading 1 frame when above-mentioned imaging apparatus is read the picture element signal of multiframe continuously one;
The set condition controlling organization, it is set at than short pattern of needed time of the valid pixel signal of reading 1 frame by above-mentioned pattern set mechanism;
Decision mechanism, its in each image duration of above-mentioned set condition controlling organization preset action pattern, judge above-mentioned clock signal be output 1 frame picture element signal read needed during the amount; And
Shut-down mechanism, it stops the output to the clock signal of above-mentioned imaging apparatus corresponding to the result of determination of above-mentioned decision mechanism.
In addition, in another program, have:
Image duration set mechanism, its set arbitrarily 1 frame when above-mentioned imaging apparatus is read the multiframe picture element signal continuously during;
The pattern set mechanism, it is set arbitrarily from above-mentioned imaging apparatus and reads a plurality of patterns of the needed asynchronism(-nization) of valid pixel signal of 1 frame one;
Decision mechanism, its judge whether should be preferential into picture element state;
The set condition controlling organization, it is judging it is not under the situation of the state that picture element should be preferential by above-mentioned decision mechanism, the frequency that is used for driving the clock signal of above-mentioned imaging apparatus is maintained given frequency, and by above-mentioned image duration set mechanism set longer image duration, simultaneously, by above-mentioned pattern set mechanism, set short pattern of needed time of the valid pixel signal of reading 1 frame;
Decision mechanism, it is in each image duration, judge above-mentioned clock signal be output 1 frame picture element signal read needed during amount; And
Shut-down mechanism, it stops the output to the clock signal of above-mentioned imaging apparatus corresponding to the result of determination of above-mentioned decision mechanism.
In addition, in another program, have:
Image duration set mechanism, its will from above-mentioned imaging apparatus read picture element signal 1 frame during be made as during the 1st, or than during the 1st during the long the 2nd;
The clock signal output mechanism, it is not subjected to the influence of set condition of the image duration of above-mentioned image duration of set mechanism, and the clock signal of characteristic frequency is exported to above-mentioned imaging apparatus;
Decision mechanism, it judges the clock signal that above-mentioned clock signal output mechanism is exported, be output 1 frame picture element signal read needed during the amount; And
Shut-down mechanism, it stops the output to the clock signal of above-mentioned imaging apparatus corresponding to the result of determination of above-mentioned decision mechanism.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the detailed formation of the camera apparatus 1 in the expression embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the summary formation of the AFE (analog front end) 18 in the expression present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the summary formation of the timing sequencer 15 in the expression present embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the figure of expression 4/8 row readout mode (horizontal summation is arranged) with the action of 4/8 row readout mode (not having horizontal addition).
Fig. 5 is the figure of expression 4/16 row readout mode (horizontal summation is arranged) with the action of 4/16 row readout mode (not having horizontal addition).
During the transmission of picture element signal of Fig. 6 in 1 image duration during for the drive pattern of expression 4/8 row readout mode (horizontal summation is arranged) and 4/16 row readout mode (horizontal summation is arranged) with the figure of image.
Fig. 7 is the figure of one of the straight-through figure display setting picture in expression present embodiment example.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart that is used for illustrating the action that the straight-through figure display driver setting in the present embodiment is handled.
The figure of the relation of Fig. 9 during for the transmission of 1 image duration under the situation of the situation of 60fps of expression 4/16 row readout mode (horizontal summation is arranged) and 30fps and picture element signal.
The deviation of the clamping level under the situation that Figure 10 has stopped for clock signal in the expression V interregnum produces the figure of situation.
In the given period before being about to begin during the transmission of Figure 11 for the next frame in the expression present embodiment, carry out the figure of pseudo-situation about transmitting.
Figure 12 represents during the transmission of the next frame in the present embodiment before the beginning, and is intermittent in given period repeatedly, carries out the figure of pseudo-situation about transmitting.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the present invention are described.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the detailed formation of the camera apparatus 1 in the expression embodiments of the present invention.
In the camera apparatus 1 shown in Figure 1, in photograph mode as fundamental mode, be included in condenser lens 8, zoom lens 9 and aperture (diaphragm) 10 in the lens optical system, by under the control of CPU23 by 11 drive electric motor of motor driven portion, move on the lens position of aperture position or corresponding photography.
CCD (ChargeCoupled Device) 12 as the imaging apparatus at the camera axis rear that is arranged on lens optical system, to the electric charge of each pixel savings corresponding to incident light quantity, by the signal institute turntable driving from sequential (timing) signal processing part 14, each fixed cycle is read the picture element signal of the optical imagery of corresponding imaging.Clock signal handling part 14 includes timing sequencer (TG) 15, vertical driver 16, horizontal driver 17 and AFE (analog front end) (AFE) 18.
The signal charge of being put aside among the CCD12, the vertical pulse that is loaded according to vertical driver 16, and the horizontal pulse that loaded of horizontal driver 17, the picture element signal as corresponding to the voltage of signal charge is read out in turn.
From the picture element signal that CCD12 read, input to AFE (analog front end) 18 through capacitor (not shown) with reference to Fig. 2.Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the summary formation of expression AFE (analog front end) 18.AFE (analog front end) 18 is provided with CDS (correlated double sampling) circuit 42, amplifier (AMP) 43, A/D change-over circuit (ADC) 44 as shown in Figure 2.CDS42 implements correlated double sampling to the picture element signal of being imported via capacitor 40 (CCD IN) and handles and export.By the handled signal of CDS42, be exaggerated device 43 and carried out exporting to A/D change-over circuit 44 after the gain controlling.A/D change-over circuit 44 is according to clock signal, and the picture element signal that amplifier 43 was amplified is transformed into digital signal to each pixel, and (DATA) exports to DSP20 as pixel data.
In addition, in the AFE (analog front end) 18, for to from the signal level that is arranged on optical black (OB) zone among the CCD12, carry out the clamper that cooperates reference level and handle, and be provided with comparison circuit 45, black level register 46, D/A translation circuit 47, switching circuit 48 and capacitor 49.
Among the CCD12, cover, and around for example CCD valid pixel, the OB zone of not carrying out light-to-current inversion is set by a part with pixel.Among the CCD12,, therefore with its elimination, make it meet reference level by the caused output voltage of this dark current being carried out clamper handle even, for example caused output signal of dark current also can occur by in the OB zone that covers.
Predefined black reference level compares in pixel data that comparison circuit 45 is exported A/D change-over circuit 44 and the black level register 46, will export to D/A translation circuit 47 corresponding to data of its difference.D/A translation circuit 47 carries out D/A conversion and output to the data that comparison circuit 45 is exported.
Switching circuit 48 to the driving sequential in the OB zone of CCD12 the time, is connected by the OB clamper signal (OBCLP) that timing sequencer 15 is imported.Therefore, when driving the OB zone, the electric current that D/A translation circuit 47 is exported makes capacitor 49 (OBCAP) discharge and recharge, and feeds back to CDS circuit 42.Consequently, the current potential of capacitor 49 is stable, makes during OB to the output vanishing from the A/D change-over circuit of the signal that CCD12 imported, and also promptly becomes suitable clamping level.
In addition, during OB in, stop under the situation of output of driving pulse (clock signal) CCD12 owing to disappear for from CCD12 the input of the picture element signal of AFE (analog front end) 18, so capacitor 49 is not recharged.Therefore, be accompanied by the process of time, cause the deviation of the suitable level of distance of clamping level to increase.In the present embodiment, reading (delivery time) V interregnum afterwards from the picture element signal of CCD12 is through with, by stopping the output of clock signal (horizontal pulse, vertical pulse) from timing sequencer 15, realize province's electrification (detailed aftermentioned), eliminated the deviation of clamping level thereupon, therefore before during arriving the transmission of next frame, can carry out puppet (dummy) and transmit, recover clamping level.The pseudo-transmission for example can be at the given period (with reference to Figure 10) before just having begun during the transmission of next frame, or carries out in the intermittence given period (with reference to Figure 11) repeatedly before the beginning during the transmission of next frame.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the summary formation of expression timing sequencer 15.As shown in Figure 3, be provided with counting circuit 50, pulse generation circuit 51, AND circuit 52,53, comparison circuit 55, pulse and stop register 56 and NOT circuit 57 in the timing generator circuit 15.
In the counting circuit 50,, carry out given counting, for example comprise the horizontal counter of counting that carries out 1 row deal corresponding to the continuous clock signal that DSP20 supplied with, and the vertical counter etc. that carries out the counting of 1 regional deal.
The count value that pulse generation circuit 51 is counted according to counting circuit 50 produces and supplies with the needed clock pulse of processing of each piece.Also promptly, export to AND circuit 52, the vertical pulse that is used for supplying with vertical driver 16 is exported to AND circuit 53 being used for the horizontal pulse of supply level driver 17.In addition, pulse generation circuit 51 to the driving sequential in the OB zone of CCD12 the time, is exported to AFE (analog front end) 18 with OB clamper signal (OBCLP).
In addition, the count value that comparison circuit 55 is counted counting circuit 50, compare be set in the value that pulse stops in the register 56 by DSP20, output is used for stopping the BLANKOUT signal (decision mechanism) from the output of the clock signal of pulse generation circuit 51.The BLANKOUT signal that comparison circuit 55 is exported is exported to AND circuit 52,53 through NOT circuit 57.AND circuit 52,53 is under the low level situation at the signal from NOT circuit 57, stops the pulse signal (shut-down mechanism) from pulse generation circuit 51.
Pulse stops in the register 56, is provided with to be used for judging the clock signal that pulse generation circuit 51 is exported, whether be output 1 frame deal picture element signal read value during needed.Therefore, comparison circuit 55 compares by the value that value and pulse with counting circuit 50 stop register 56, (the finishing during the transmission of picture element signal) of having exported the needed clock signal of picture element signal of reading 1 frame from pulse generation circuit 51 constantly, stop output to the clock signal of CCD12.
In addition, during the transmission of the next frame after during transmit before the beginning, the puppet of carrying out the deviation that is used for eliminating the OB clamping level transmits, and therefore stops register 56 by the DSP20 paired pulses and sets, with during controlling pseudo-the transmission.For example be set at the given period (with reference to Figure 10) before just having begun during the transmission of next frame, or during the transmission of next frame, begin in the intermittence given period (with reference to Figure 11) repeatedly before, carry out pseudo-the transmission, stop the output of clock signal in during this interpolation.
In addition, in the formation shown in Figure 3, show under the situation of comparison circuit 55 output pulse output stop signals (BLANKOUT signal), the formation that horizontal pulse and vertical pulse both sides do not export simultaneously, but for example also can adopt the formation (not AND circuit 53) of only not exporting horizontal pulse.Promptly, in the present embodiment, under the situation of having exported pulse output stop signal, at least one side in horizontal pulse and the vertical pulse does not export, by realizing province's electrification so yet.
Simulated the digital pixel data that front end 18 carried out pre-treatments such as simulation process, A/D conversion, export to DSP20.DSP20 has white balance circuit, gamma (gamma) correcting circuit, YC treatment circuit, Compress softwares circuit etc., to having implemented from the dateout of AFE (analog front end) 18 after the various digital processings, with this data record in memory 21.
CPU23 is responsible for all control actions of camera apparatus 1, when the photography of image, according to the operation program of being stored in the memory 21, carries out focusing (AF) control automatically, automatic exposure control (AE) etc.In addition, CPU23 carries out straight-through figure display setting and handles, and the appointment of the picture element of the image when straight-through figure shows can and be set by user's input.In addition, CPU23 sets processing by straight-through figure display driver, by the clock signal output action of DSP20 control timing generator 15 according to the setting based on this straight-through figure display setting.
Digital video code 27 is regularly read the data that are stored in the memory 21 through VRAM controller 25, generates vision signal according to these data, exports to display 28.
Display 28 plays the effect of monitor display part (electronic viewfinder) when photograph mode, by carrying out, and show the image (straight-through figure) of the data of being obtained from VRAM controller 25 according to this moment in real time according to demonstration from the vision signal of digital video code 27.
Under showing the show state that shows straight-through figure in 28 in real time, if at the shutter release button of the moment operation input apparatus 30 of taking rest image, just the triggering signal of generation.
CPU23 has stopped carrying out automatic exposure and handling after the driving of CCD12 this moment corresponding to this triggering signal, obtains suitable exposure value, the aperture of control lens optical system and the time for exposure of CCD12, re-executes shooting.
After being written to the view data of such 1 frame that newly obtains in the memory 21,, view data is encoded by JPEG (Joint Photographic ExpertsGroup) to being written in the view data of 1 frame in the memory 21.
Encoded image data is written to the Nonvolatile memory card that freely loads and unloads (not shown) as the recording medium of camera apparatus 1, perhaps is written under the situation that storage card is not installed in the fixing built-in non-volatile internal memory (not shown).
Afterwards, be accompanied by view data at 1 frame and write end in storage card or internal memory, CPU23 restarts will to lead directly to figure from CCD12 via memory 21 and monitor the driving that shows display 28.
In addition, CPU23 is connected with input circuit 31, acoustic processing portion 33, flasher drive division 36 and power control part 38.
Input equipment 30 comprises power button, tripper, mode switch button, menu key, options button and cross key various buttons or buttons such as (cursor keies), or pointing device such as touch-screen etc.Input circuit 31 inputs are accompanied by the signal to the input operation of input equipment 30, and are notified to CPU23.
Acoustic processing portion 33 has sounding circuits such as PCM source of sound, when recorded voice, microphone portion (MIC) 35 voice signals of being imported are carried out digitlization, according to given document format data, for example MP3 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer-3) standard is carried out data compression, generate sound data file, be stored in (not shown) such as memory 21 or storage cards, in addition, when the regeneration of sound, remove the compression of the sound data file of reading from memory 21 or storage card, and carry out simulated, drive speaker portion (SP) 34, carry out the public address playback.
And then acoustic processing portion 33 also produces the exercises sound according to the control of CPU23, for example be accompanied by shutter operation the analog shutter sound, be accompanied by the toot sound of other button operations etc., and carry out the public address playback by speaker portion 34.
Flasher drive division 36 is given when still image photographing after not shown photoflash lamp charges with large value capacitor, according to the control of CPU23, to flasher illuminating part 37 driving of glistening.
Power control part 38 carries out from the control of power supply unit (battery) 39 to the electric current supply of each one.The surplus of 38 pairs of power supply units 39 of power control part monitors, and this surplus is notified to CPU23.
Next, the action to the camera apparatus in the present embodiment 1 describes.
In general, in the camera apparatus 1, when dynamic image is photographed or straight-through figure when showing, can be corresponding to any project such as reduction of the smoothness of dynamic image, record data amount preferential, set the length of 1 image duration in the dynamic image arbitrarily.In addition, can be corresponding to any projects such as the resolution of view data, the S/N of view data compare preferential, set the interval of CCD arbitrarily and extract drive pattern.Afterwards, extract drive pattern, determine the needed driving number of times of transmission of the view data of 1 frame corresponding to the interval of this CCD12.Like this, the driving frequency of the clock signal that pulse generation circuit is exported multiply by the resulting value of above-mentioned driving number of times, is the needed delivery time of transmission of the view data of 1 frame.In the conventional art, the driving frequency of drive pattern and clock signal is extracted at the interval of setting CCD, make this delivery time and 1 image duration time much at one.
Relative therewith, in the camera apparatus 1 of present embodiment, in dynamic image, judge whether it is the state that does not need higher smoothness or higher resolution.For example under straight-through figure show state, judging does not need too high smoothness or resolution.Under the situation of this state, for example, the driving frequency of clock signal can be maintained the appropriate frequency of the specification that meets CCD12, longer with setting ground during 1 frame, or drive pattern extracted at the interval of CCD12 be made as the less pattern of number of times that drives, or with identical distance extract drive pattern never the driving of horizontal summation be made as the driving of horizontal summation.
By adopting such setting, can be in 1 image duration, prolong the ratio of (V interregnum) during the driving of the transmission of not carrying out effective pixel data.Because this V interregnum does not need the action of CCD12, therefore in this V interregnum, stop the output of the clock signal of driven CCD 12.By like this, can suppress the unnecessary power consumption in the V interregnum.In addition,, therefore do not prolong the needed time of reading of picture element signal, can reduce the generation of stain yet because the driving frequency of clock signal is maintained the frequency that is suitable for CCD12.
In addition, if just prolong the V interregnum, stop the output of the clock signal of driven CCD 12 simultaneously, then can stop keeping before the action to the reference level of handling based on clamper of AFE (analog front end) 18 (OB clamp circuit) always, the capacitor 49 (OBCAP) of AFE (analog front end) 18 oneself the discharge etc., cause reference level to begin slowly to depart from from suitable clamping level.During the beginning of next frame, even departing from of this reference level can not recover during entering next frame yet.In order to prevent this phenomenon, before beginning during the transmission of next frame, output makes reference level can significantly not depart from the necessary minimal clock signal of suitable clamping level, carries out pseudo-the transmission.
Next, the driving method to CCD12 that the difference corresponding to pattern in the present embodiment is switched describes.Here, the driving method to MONITOR MODE (when straight-through figure shows) describes.For example, among the CCD12 of the camera apparatus 1 in the present embodiment, can use 4 following intervals to extract drive pattern, the driving method during as MONITOR MODE.
(1) 4/8 between-line spacing is extracted pattern (horizontal summation is arranged), (2) 4/8 between-line spacings are extracted pattern (not having horizontal addition), (3) 4/16 between-line spacings extraction pattern (horizontal summation is arranged), (4) 4/16 between-line spacings extraction pattern (not having horizontal addition).
Here, the transmission control action from the picture element signal of CCD12 in each drive pattern is described.Fig. 4 extracts pattern (horizontal summation is arranged) for expression (1) 4/8 between-line spacing and extracts the figure of the action of pattern (not having horizontal addition) with (2) 4/8 between-line spacings, and Fig. 5 extracts pattern (horizontal summation is arranged) for expression (3) 4/16 between-line spacings and extracts the figure of the action of pattern (not having horizontal addition) with (4) 4/16 between-line spacings.
Among the CCD12, be divided into a plurality of zones, transmit all pixel datas.CCD12 such as Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5 are rectangular setting with photodiode 60 as photo detector, and 60 on photodiode is provided with many vertical CCD61 on the file direction.The end of vertical CCD61 is provided with 1 horizontal CCD 62 on the line direction.The signal charge of savings in photodiode 60 corresponding to the vertical pulse of being supplied with through vertical driver 16 from timing sequencer 15, is read out vertical CCD61, transmits on the direction of the horizontal CCD 62 in vertical CCD61.The signal charge that is transmitted among the vertical CCD61 is transferred and is given horizontal CCD62, transmits on the direction of the amplifier 63 in horizontal CCD 62, through these amplifier 63 outputs.
Shown in Fig. 4 (a), (1) 4/8 between-line spacing is extracted in the pattern (horizontal summation is arranged), extracted at interval by 1/2 in vertical direction, in horizontal CCD 62 with level, vertical 2 pixel addition respectively, adding up to has 4 pixel addition, so from the data volume that CCD12 exported, 1/4 when reading (pixel of blacking is represented not to be read among the figure) for both full-pixel.
(1) 4/8 between-line spacing is extracted in the drive pattern of pattern (horizontal summation is arranged), and for example frame rate is 30fps, and effectively exporting size is 1308 * 490 (levels * vertical).
(1) drive pattern because the resolution of vertical direction is 490 row, therefore mainly uses when the dynamic image photography of VGA (Video Graphics Array) (680 * 480).Owing to carry out horizontal summation, therefore to compare with the drive pattern that does not have horizontal summation (2), horizontal resolution be its half, but is in a ratio of 1308 enough greatly with the horizontal resolution 680 of VGA, so no problem.In addition, carry out the part of horizontal summation, compare, the frame rate multiplication with the drive pattern that does not have horizontal summation (2).
Among Fig. 6 A, during the transmission of the picture element signal in 1 image duration when showing 4/8 between-line spacing and extracting the drive pattern of pattern (horizontal summation is arranged), Fig. 6 B shows the image according to the picture element signal that is read.In this case, 1 frame during be about 33ms (30fps).
In addition, shown in Fig. 4 (b), (2) 4/8 between-line spacings are extracted in the pattern (not having horizontal addition), are extracted at interval by 1/2 in vertical direction, do not have the addition in the horizontal CCD 62, therefore from the data volume that CCD12 exported, and 1/2 when reading for both full-pixel.
(2) 4/8 between-line spacings are extracted in the drive pattern of pattern (not having horizontal addition), and for example frame rate is 15fps, and effectively exporting size is 2616 * 490 (levels * vertical).(2) drive pattern extracts in the drive pattern at the interval of (1)～(4), the resolution maximum, but frame rate is minimum, is 15fps.
In addition, shown in Fig. 5 (a), (3) 4/16 between-line spacings are extracted in the pattern (horizontal summation is arranged), extracted at interval by 1/4 in vertical direction, in horizontal CCD 62 with level, vertical 2 pixel addition respectively, adding up to has 4 pixel addition, therefore from the data volume that CCD12 exported, and 1/8 when reading (pixel of blacking is represented not to be read among the figure) for both full-pixel.
(3) 4/16 between-line spacings are extracted in the drive pattern of pattern (horizontal summation is arranged), and for example frame rate is 60fps, and effectively exporting size is 1308 * 245 (levels * vertical).(3) drive pattern, though vertical resolution is 245, frame rate is 60fps, and is very high, is suitable for AF.
Among Fig. 6 C, during the transmission of the picture element signal in 1 image duration when showing 4/16 between-line spacing and extracting the drive pattern of pattern (horizontal summation is arranged), Fig. 6 D shows the image according to the picture element signal that is read.In this case, 1 frame during be about 16ms (60fps).
(4) 4/16 between-line spacings are extracted in the drive pattern of pattern (not having horizontal addition), and for example frame rate is 30fps, and effectively exporting size is 2616 * 245 (levels * vertical).(4) drive pattern is though the resolution of vertical direction is 245, if display 28 for example is QVGA (QuarterVideo Graphics Array), then vertical resolution much at one, in addition, frame rate is 30fps also, is suitable for the display driver in the common monitoring mode.
Control to the driving method of CCD12 when next, the straight-through figure in the present embodiment being shown describes.
In the camera apparatus 1 of present embodiment, the picture element when straight-through figure shows can be set arbitrarily by user's appointment.By reducing the picture element of straight-through figure in showing, 1 image duration in the time of can prolonging driven CCD 12 (reduction frame rate), the output of the clock signal outside stopping during the transmission of picture element signal is by realizing province's electrification like this.
At first,, handle, for example, be presented in the display 28 straight-through figure display setting picture shown in Figure 7 just CPU23 starts straight-through figure display setting if, imported the requirement of straight-through figure display setting by the given operation of user to input equipment 30.
In the straight-through figure display setting picture, except being used to set " showing usually " of common straight-through figure demonstration, also be provided with " picture element is preferential " of the straight-through figure demonstration that picture element is higher when being used for setting than common demonstration, and the picture element that is used for reducing straight-through figure demonstration, realize economizing the project of electrochemical " power saving is preferential ", operation of cursor key by input equipment 30 etc. can be specified arbitrarily.
In the present embodiment, under the situation of having specified " picture element is preferential ", adopt 4/8 between-line spacing to extract pattern (horizontal summation is arranged), under the situation of having specified " showing usually ", adopt 4/16 between-line spacing to extract pattern (horizontal summation is arranged) (60fps) (or 4/16 between-line spacing is extracted pattern (not having horizontal addition)), under the situation of having specified " power saving is preferential ", extract the driving method that frame rate is reduced to 30fps of pattern (horizontal summation is arranged) by 4/16 between-line spacing, driven CCD 12, the reading of carries out image signal.
CPU23, in case be transfused to the indication of selecting any project in the straight-through figure display setting picture, just according to this setting, set processing, by the clock signal output action (set (change) and handle image duration) of DSP20 control according to timing sequencer 15 by straight-through figure display driver.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart that is used for illustrating the action of leading directly to figure display driver setting processing.
CPU23 has set in straight-through figure display setting under the situation of " picture element is preferential " (steps A 1, "Yes"), and (decision mechanism) judges whether the surplus of the power supply unit 39 that is monitored by power control part 38 becomes below the predefined fiducial value.Here, in the surplus of power supply unit 39 is (steps A 2 under the situation below the predefined fiducial value, not), CPU23 carries out power saving to timing sequencer 15 and drives (4/16 between-line spacing is extracted pattern (horizontal summation is arranged) 30fps) setting (steps A 8) (set condition controlling organization) by DSP20.Control in this case timing sequencer 15 will be explained below (with reference to Fig. 9).Under the situation that shows straight-through figure, if frame rate is 30fps, just no problem.
Also promptly, even set " picture element is preferential ", but (have horizontal summation (60fps) to carry out under the situation of reading of picture element signal, because power consumption is bigger, therefore the time that can work is shorter extract pattern by 4/8 between-line spacing.Therefore, under the less situation of residual capacity of battery, pressure is made as carries out the power saving driving.
In addition, under the residual capacity of battery situation higher than fiducial value (steps A 2 is), CPU23 carries out high picture element to timing sequencer 15 and drives (4/8 between-line spacing is extracted pattern (horizontal summation is arranged)) setting (steps A 3) by DSP20.
In addition, CPU23 has set in straight-through figure display setting under the situation of " showing usually " (steps A 4, "Yes"), and with aforementioned the same, whether judgement becomes below the predefined fiducial value by the surplus of the power supply unit 39 that power control part 38 is monitored.In addition, the fiducial value here can be the high value of fiducial value than institute's reference under the situation that is set at " picture element is preferential ".Here, under the surplus of power supply unit 39 is situation below the predefined fiducial value (steps A 5, not), CPU23 is with aforementioned the same, by DSP20, timing sequencer 15 is carried out power saving drive (4/16 between-line spacing is extracted pattern (horizontal summation is arranged) 30fps) setting (steps A 8).
In addition, (steps A 5 under the residual capacity of battery situation higher than fiducial value, "Yes"), CPU23 passes through DSP20, timing sequencer 15 is carried out common display driver set (4/16 between-line spacing is extracted pattern (horizontal summation is arranged), or 4/16 between-line spacing is extracted pattern (not having horizontal addition)) (steps A 6).
In addition, CPU23 has set (steps A 7 under the situation of " power saving is preferential " in straight-through figure display setting, "Yes"), by DSP20, timing sequencer 15 is carried out power saving drive (4/16 between-line spacing is extracted pattern (horizontal summation is arranged) 30fps) setting (steps A 8) (set condition controlling organization).
Relation during 4/16 between-line spacing is extracted the transmission of 1 image duration under the situation of the situation of 60fps of pattern (horizontal summation is arranged) and 30fps and picture element signal has been shown among Fig. 9.
Shown in Fig. 9 (a), relatively be made as the situation of about 16ms (60fps) 1 image duration, shown in Fig. 9 (b), when being made as about 33ms (30fps) 1 image duration, if identical from (between the period of output of clock signal) during the transmission of the picture element signal of CCD12, just the V interregnum could prolong.Because the V interregnum does not carry out the transmission of picture element signal, therefore, can realize province's electrification by stopping the output of clock signal at this moment.
In this case, DSP20 stops register 56 to the pulse of timing sequencer 15, and setting with frame rate is value identical under the situation of 60fps.Whether pulse generation circuit 51 changes irrelevantly with frame rate, exports the clock signal of certain driving frequency.Therefore, even comparison circuit 55 is under the situation of 30fps in frame rate, also with the situation of 60fps under the same, the sequential output BLANKOUT signal with identical stops the signal output to vertical driver 16 and horizontal driver 17.By like this, can reduce the consumed power in the V interregnum.
In addition, among Fig. 9, show and extracting in pattern (horizontal summation is arranged) drive pattern (60fps) based on 4/16 between-line spacing, prolonged for 1 image duration (frame rate is made as 30fps), thereby prolong the situation (driving frequency of false signal is identical) of V interregnum, prolong the method for the V interregnum in 1 frame, drive pattern can be extracted in the interval of CCD12 and be made as the less pattern of number of times that drives, perhaps be made as identical distance and extract drive pattern, but the driving of no horizontal addition has been made as horizontal summation.
For example, with the drive pattern of the extraction pattern of 4/8 between-line spacing shown in Fig. 6 A (horizontal summation is arranged), shown in Fig. 9 (b), be made as 4/16 between-line spacing and extract pattern (horizontal summation is arranged), by like this, can not change 1 frame length, frame rate, and can prolong the V interregnum.
In addition, 4/16 between-line spacing is extracted pattern (not having horizontal addition) drive pattern (30fps), shown in Fig. 9 (b), be made as 4/16 between-line spacing and extract pattern (horizontal summation is arranged),, can prolong the V interregnum equally by like this.Like this, can stop the output of the sequential of this moment, realize province's electrification by prolonging the V interregnum.
In addition, though in the aforesaid explanation, be set under the situation of " power saving is preferential " by straight-through figure display setting, or to be set under the situation of " picture element is preferential ", " usually show " at residual capacity of battery be that fiducial value is when following, being controlled to be power saving drives, but also can be irrelevant with the appointment of the picture element of straight-through figure, under the surplus of power supply unit 39 becomes situation below the predefined benchmark, be controlled to be power saving and drive.
Also be, CPU23 receives the notice of the surplus of the power supply unit 39 that is monitored by power control part 38, under it is situation below the fiducial value, do not accept the input of appointment etc. from the user, pass through DSP20, control timing generator 15 makes the driving method of the CCD12 when straight-through figure shown become power saving and drives.
Next, the method by the deviation (clamper mistake) that stops the output of clock signal in the V interregnum, eliminate not being transfused to the caused clamping level of picture element signal in the AFE (analog front end) 18 is described.
Among Figure 10, show the situation occurred of the deviation of the clamping level under the situation that in the V interregnum, has stopped clock signal.
During clamper in the AFE (analog front end) 18 is handled,, capacitor 49 is discharged and recharged, adjust clamping level (with reference to Fig. 2) according to corresponding to output from the A/D change-over circuit 44 of the picture element signal that CCD12 imported.Therefore, under the situation of the output that has stopped clock signal, because the input of 18 picture element signal disappears from CCD12 to the AFE (analog front end), therefore capacitor 49 is not recharged, shown in Figure 10 (c), when output timing signal not, also be in the V interregnum (scope among the figure shown in the B), by the self discharge of capacitor 49, along with the process of time, the distance suitably deviation of clamping level (expression by a dotted line) can increase.
Therefore, in the incipient stage during the transmission during next frame (scope among the figure shown in the A),, therefore exported the pixel data of the false color different with original color because clamping level is in improper state.
Relative therewith, in the clock signal handling part 14 of present embodiment,, after during the transmission of picture element signal, finishing, before beginning during the transmission of next frame, carry out pseudo-the transmission, by recovering clamping level like this as Figure 11 or shown in Figure 12.
In the method shown in Figure 11, in the given period during the transmission of next frame before the beginning, carry out pseudo-the transmission.
In this case, DSP20 stops register 56 with pulse and is made as, and only stops the output of clock signal in the V interregnum shown in Figure 11 (a), during puppet transmits in, the output timing signal.Comparison circuit 55 stops the value of register 56 corresponding to pulse, only output BLANKOUT signal in the V interregnum.In addition, paired pulses stops register 56, be made as by DSP20, corresponding to the length of V interregnum, also be the size of the deviation of clamping level, can recover clamping level during in the part, carry out pseudo-the transmission.
By like this,,, shown in Figure 11 (c), before beginning during the transmission of next frame, can return to suitable clamping level therefore by carrying out the adjustment of clamping level like this owing to give AFE (analog front end) 18 input dummy pixel signals.
In the method shown in Figure 12, till the beginning, in intermittence given period repeatedly, carry out pseudo-the transmission during the transmission of next frame.
In this case, DSP20 stops register 56 with pulse and is made as, and shown in Figure 12 (a), after finishing during transmitting, intermittent from comparison circuit 55 output BLANKOUT signals, also promptly intermittence is carried out pseudo-the transmission.Comparison circuit 55 stops the value of register 56 corresponding to pulse, the intermittent BLANKOUT signal of exporting for several times.In addition, can also pulse be stopped register 56 by DSP20 and be made as, execution transmits corresponding to the puppet of the number of times of the length of V interregnum.
By like this,,, shown in Figure 12 (d), can before beginning during the transmission of next frame, return to suitable clamping level therefore by carrying out the adjustment of clamping level like this owing to give AFE (analog front end) 18 input dummy pixel signals.In the method shown in Figure 12, the pseudo-transmission of repeatedly intermittent execution, therefore the deviation of the clamping level that distance is suitable is not compared and can be increased with method shown in Figure 11.In addition, owing to can not increase apart from the deviation of suitable clamping level, therefore need be corresponding to the control during pseudo-transmission of length change of V interregnum.
In addition, in the aforesaid explanation, the frame rate that 4/16 between-line spacing of 60fps in the time of will " showing usually " is extracted pattern (horizontal summation is arranged) is reduced to 30fps, prolonged for 1 image duration (V interregnum), but further many step ground more and reduce frame rate than 30fps, prolong the V interregnum, prolong the output that stops clock signal during, by can further economizing electric energyization like this.In this case, corresponding to the length of the output that stops clock signal, during the pseudo-transmission of many steps ground change execution.Under the situation of carrying out puppet transmission shown in Figure 11, DSP20 stops register 56 with pulse and is made as, and corresponding to the length of 1 image duration, adjusts the length during puppet shown in Figure 11 transmits.
In addition as shown in figure 12,, be accompanied by the change of 1 image duration, the pseudo-number of times that transmits of change carrying out under the intermittently pseudo-situation about transmitting.Also promptly, repeat pseudo-the transmission, make the deviation of suitable clamping level can not become more than the set-point.In addition, under the situation of the pseudo-number of times that transmits of change, can fix during each pseudo-transmission, also can change with the change of number of times.In addition and since pseudo-transmit during short more, just can realize province's electrification more, therefore the size in clamping level can not take place in the scope of problem, with the puppet delivery time set shorter.
In addition, in the above-mentioned explanation, corresponding to the setting of user to straight-through figure demonstration, change the driving method when leading directly to the figure demonstration to CCD12, but also can allow camera apparatus 1 carry out the setting of power saving action corresponding to being used for, change realizes the province's electrification when straight-through figure shows to the driving method of CCD12.
In addition, in the aforementioned embodiments, the driving method of the CCD12 when by change straight-through figure being shown is realized province's electrification, but for example when dynamic image photograph, also can realize province's electrification by changing driving method.Picture element when for example, the user can be set arbitrarily carry out the dynamic image record.Like this,, reduce frame rate, prolong interregnum, stop the output of the drive clock of this moment, by realizing province's electrification like this having set under the situation of picture element than low usually dynamic image record.
In addition, in the aforesaid explanation, to CCD12, under the situation of the length that has changed 1 frame, also keep the optimal drive frequency of the specification that cooperates CCD12, the output timing signal, but under the situation that can drive, even the length of 1 frame is identical, by improving driving frequency by the clock signal of the frequency higher than common driving frequency, also can shorten during the transmission of picture signal, prolong the V interregnum in 1 frame.Like this, the output of the clock signal by stopping the V interregnum with aforementioned the same, can realize province's electrification.
In addition, the present invention is not limited in camera apparatus illustrated in the above-mentioned execution mode 1, can also be applicable to the video camera of mobile phone with camera function, wrist-watch, PDA (personal digitalassistant), band still image photographing function, the personal computer of band camera etc., the device of the camera head of band AF function is installed.
Claims (13)
1. a camera head produces the clock signal that is used for driving imaging apparatus, reads picture element signal, it is characterized in that having:
The pattern set mechanism, it sets arbitrarily a plurality of patterns of the needed asynchronism(-nization) of valid pixel signal of reading 1 frame when above-mentioned imaging apparatus is read the picture element signal of multiframe continuously one;
The set condition controlling organization, it is set at than short pattern of needed time of the valid pixel signal of reading 1 frame by above-mentioned pattern set mechanism;
Decision mechanism, its in each image duration of above-mentioned set condition controlling organization preset action pattern, judge above-mentioned clock signal be output the picture element signal of reading 1 frame needed during the amount; And
Shut-down mechanism, it stops the output to the clock signal of above-mentioned imaging apparatus corresponding to the result of determination of above-mentioned decision mechanism.
2. a camera head produces the clock signal that is used for driving imaging apparatus, reads picture element signal, it is characterized in that having:
Image duration set mechanism, its set arbitrarily 1 frame when above-mentioned imaging apparatus is read the multiframe picture element signal continuously during;
The pattern set mechanism, it is set arbitrarily from above-mentioned imaging apparatus and reads a plurality of patterns of the needed asynchronism(-nization) of valid pixel signal of 1 frame one;
Decision mechanism, its judge whether should be preferential into picture element state;
The set condition controlling organization, it is judging it is not under the situation of the state that picture element should be preferential by above-mentioned decision mechanism, the frequency that is used for driving the clock signal of above-mentioned imaging apparatus is maintained given frequency, and by above-mentioned image duration set mechanism set longer image duration, simultaneously, by above-mentioned pattern set mechanism, set the shorter pattern of needed time of valid pixel signal of reading 1 frame;
Decision mechanism, it is in each image duration, judge above-mentioned clock signal be output the picture element signal of reading 1 frame needed during amount; And
Shut-down mechanism, it stops the output to the clock signal of above-mentioned imaging apparatus corresponding to the result of determination of above-mentioned decision mechanism.
3. camera head as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned decision mechanism under the monitor status of not indicating specific photography state, judges it is not that picture element is answered priority status.
4. a camera head produces the clock signal that is used for driving imaging apparatus, reads picture element signal, it is characterized in that having:
Image duration set mechanism, its will from above-mentioned imaging apparatus read picture element signal 1 frame during be made as during the 1st, or than during the 1st during the long the 2nd;
The clock signal output mechanism, it is not subjected to the influence of set condition of the image duration of above-mentioned image duration of set mechanism, and the clock signal of characteristic frequency is exported to above-mentioned imaging apparatus;
Decision mechanism, it judges the clock signal that above-mentioned clock signal output mechanism is exported, be output the picture element signal of reading 1 frame needed during the amount; And
Shut-down mechanism, it stops the output to the clock signal of above-mentioned imaging apparatus corresponding to the result of determination of above-mentioned decision mechanism.
5. camera head as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned clock signal output mechanism is to the 1st clock signal of above-mentioned imaging apparatus output horizontal direction and the 2nd clock signal of vertical direction;
Above-mentioned shut-down mechanism stops at least one side in above-mentioned the 1st clock signal and above-mentioned the 2nd clock signal.
6. camera head as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Have: according to the indication mechanism of the picture element signal display image of reading from above-mentioned imaging apparatus; And
Input is by the appointment of the picture element of the shown image of above-mentioned indication mechanism and the picture element set mechanism of setting,
Above-mentioned image duration set mechanism, corresponding to the picture element that above-mentioned picture element set mechanism sets, will be set at the above-mentioned the 1st image duration during or the above-mentioned the 2nd during.
7. camera head as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that,
Have: battery; And
The surplus that detects above-mentioned battery becomes the following testing agency of predefined fiducial value,
Above-mentioned image duration set mechanism,
Under the situation of the setting of carrying out picture element is reduced to the 1st picture element by above-mentioned picture element set mechanism, be set at during the above-mentioned the 2nd;
Under picture element being set at, be set at during the above-mentioned the 1st than the high situation of above-mentioned the 1st picture element;
Picture element is being set at when higher, is detecting surplus by above-mentioned testing agency and become under the situation below the fiducial value, be set at during the above-mentioned the 2nd than above-mentioned the 1st picture element.
8. camera head as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Have: battery; And
The surplus that detects above-mentioned battery becomes the following testing agency of predefined fiducial value,
Above-mentioned image duration, set mechanism became under the situation below the fiducial value being detected surplus by above-mentioned testing agency, was set at during the above-mentioned the 2nd.
9. camera head as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned shut-down mechanism, under above-mentioned image duration, set mechanism was set situation during the 2nd, in the given period before finishing during the 2nd, output was from the clock signal of above-mentioned clock signal output mechanism.
10. camera head as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned shut-down mechanism, corresponding to the length that above-mentioned image duration, set mechanism set during the above-mentioned the 2nd, change above-mentioned given during.
11. camera head as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned shut-down mechanism, by above-mentioned image duration set mechanism set under the situation during the 2nd, by above-mentioned decision mechanism judge exported the picture element signal of reading 1 frame needed during after the above-mentioned clock signal of amount, in the intermittence given period repeatedly till finishing during to the above-mentioned the 2nd, output is from the clock signal of above-mentioned clock signal output mechanism.
12. camera head as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned shut-down mechanism corresponding to the length that set mechanism sets by above-mentioned image duration during the above-mentioned the 2nd, changes above-mentioned number of times during given.
13. a clock signal processing unit produces the clock signal that is used for driving imaging apparatus, reads picture element signal, it is characterized in that having:
Change mechanism image duration, its will from above-mentioned imaging apparatus read picture element signal 1 frame during, change to during the 1st than during the above-mentioned the 1st during the long the 2nd;
The clock signal output mechanism, whether with to have changed image duration irrelevant by changing mechanism above-mentioned image duration, to above-mentioned imaging apparatus output timing signal;
Decision mechanism, it judges the clock signal that above-mentioned clock signal output mechanism is exported, be output the picture element signal of reading 1 frame needed during the amount; And
Shut-down mechanism, it stops the output of above-mentioned clock signal output mechanism to the clock signal of above-mentioned imaging apparatus corresponding to the result of determination of above-mentioned decision mechanism.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2005234570A JP4687322B2 (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2005-08-12 | Imaging device |
| JP2005234570 | 2005-08-12 |
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| CN1913593A true CN1913593A (en) | 2007-02-14 |
| CN100452843C CN100452843C (en) | 2009-01-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2006101109990A Expired - Fee Related CN100452843C (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2006-08-11 | Timing signal processing apparatus for controlling driving of image-capturing element, and camera |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7738023B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4687322B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100452843C (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI327438B (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4687322B2 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
| TWI327438B (en) | 2010-07-11 |
| US7738023B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 |
| TW200727690A (en) | 2007-07-16 |
| JP2007049622A (en) | 2007-02-22 |
| US20070035650A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
| CN100452843C (en) | 2009-01-14 |
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