CN1911635A - Fast shaping device for making body from image of computer and with printing machine - Google Patents
Fast shaping device for making body from image of computer and with printing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1911635A CN1911635A CN 200510089963 CN200510089963A CN1911635A CN 1911635 A CN1911635 A CN 1911635A CN 200510089963 CN200510089963 CN 200510089963 CN 200510089963 A CN200510089963 A CN 200510089963A CN 1911635 A CN1911635 A CN 1911635A
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Abstract
The present invention is one fast forming apparatus, in which the virtual image stored in the memory of computer is tomographically treated and the tomographical treatment obtained contours are jet printed one layer by one layer with fluid onto the powder in the constituting platform for combining with powder so as to form stereo real object. The fast forming apparatus includes the jet printing mechanism and firmware interfaces of a printer or a plotter, one work platform with tomographically operating software and jet printing control firmware, and one computer with memory with stored virtual image.
Description
Technical field
Involved in the present invention is the new method and the device in a kind of rapid shaping technique (Rapid Prototyping) field, refers in particular to new method and the device of three dimensional printing technology (3D Printing).
Background technology
In in the past 10 years because the progress of computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), development of manufacturing the rapid prototyping method (Rapid Prototyping RP), can very promptly will design original conception and create.Rapid prototyping (RP) technology is geometry unrestrictedly, and complicated parts shows the brilliance of RP technology more more, more manpower and process time can be saved widely, under the shortest requirement of time, design elements with on the 3D CAD presents truly, and is not only palpable, also can experience its geometrical curve truly, assembling that more can tested parts even carry out possible function test.
These speed forming methods have a variety of, as three dimensional printing (3-D Printing), stereosopic printing (Stereo-Lithography, SLA), selectivity laser sintering (Selective Laser Sintering, SLS), three-dimensional plate-making (Solider Process, SP), and the fused deposition model (Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM), the stratification article are made (Laminated Object Manufacturing, LOM), and so-called office embryo (Office RP)-quick notion method of forming (Rapid Concept Modeler, RCM).Wherein the quick notion method of forming (RCM) is a kind of up-to-date most economical again method, the designer can be conceived notion and make model by design drawing with making rapidly, and conformability ground improves its shortcoming, confirms back and further Kai Xinmo and quicken to produce.So not only conception was quickened with the development time of finished product, and saved appreciable exploitation funds.
The present preparation method of so-called RCM is for utilizing higher melt paraffin, be melted in when outpouring through smelting furnace and produce simple grain footpath drop through the piezoelectric crystal vibration, and utilize the CAD/CAM technology that desired product is given moulding, and 3 D stereo is converted to the stratiform section of many levels, successively be coated with in given plane by simple grain footpath dropping liquid, by the storehouse body of these synusia, form the solid type shape of last expection again.Yet present technical level only limits to use olefin material to make model, further makes moulds such as shell mould again.If molten drop can be formed directly on the pre-determined model, more can shorten time-histories and save a large amount of exploitation funds.According to (the Pratt of U.S. Pu Hui company; Whitney) produce the experience of aeroengine spare part, the rapid prototyping method not only reduces cost to original 1/10, and the time is also saved 70-90%.
If distinguish with the material of rapid shaping, can be divided into solid (as LOM), liquid (as SLA), half consolidates semiliquid (FDM), and powder (as SLS) etc. are multiple.In addition, in the application of PM technique, metal dust is main raw material, can evenly mix multiple metal dust, give moulding earlier, and sintering (Sintered) program in addition again can obtain the favorable industrial part, and many senior space flight parts and auto parts all are in this way to make.Certainly, PM technique is most important to be earlier powder to be arranged, and is many chemicals as aluminium powder, metallurgical product, and military explosive, and the primary raw material of rocket fuel use quite extensive; According to the survey report of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, domestic use powder rises year by year, but is dependent on import more.
But with regard to regard to the original demand of rapid shaping, the purpose of rapid shaping is no matter as a kind of initial production conceptual design (Conceptual Design) or as the embryo of mould in advance, equipment investment in advance is a relatively costly project.And with regard to the notion of initial stage moulding, if can with more economical, reliable, reach safer mode fast, not only can just can production prototype model, and following design popularity also improves big spoke in office.
Use the spray printing mode to spray glue and announced in USPN 5,204,055 in 1993 with the patent that forms the 3D solid object in porous material, Z-corp. company goes out USPN 5,902,244 with reference to this patent Shen of spreading out; USPN6,007,318; USPN 6,375, and 874; Patents such as USPN Three-Dimensional Printer.These patents propose and can reach the patent formulation of dusty material and adhesive for the equipment design concept of moulding; Only its disclosed patent formulation is also infeasible in fact.Z-corp. equipment also begins to introduce Taiwan in about 2000, space flight system of successful university also is one of user.Yet use for many years, find the shortcoming of this machine and use material, satisfy the patent of invention that proposes material in calendar year 2001, at present still in review, in addition, based on the potentiality to be exploited of this technology, also in December, 2002 this school win special the affirming of section of educational circles of Ministry of Economic Affaris in conjunction with the R﹠D team that the professor of relevant speciality forms, the research of subsidizing 3 years is planned, by the research and development of three-dimensional spray printing core technology, with the more advanced three-dimensional spray printing technology of exploitation; Through research and development and the feasibility study of a year and a half, the enforcement of method and apparatus technology of the present invention has obtained affirmation.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome deficiency of the prior art, based on the use experience of the rapidform machine of external Z-corp. company, and inventor's past at the many years of experience of mechanical manufacturing field, the rapidform machine of three dimensional printing formula has following problem:
The surface roughness height of (1) the precision deficiency of machine, so that finished product, scale error is big;
(2) intensity of material is very poor, and thick embryo spare (green part) logotype hand pickup all might damage, and needs post processing;
(3) life-span of jet-printing head weak point often causes product to be failed because of shower nozzle damages in manufacturing process;
(4) print speed is fast inadequately, only two pages of per minutes;
(5) the still suitable costliness of machine.
The rapid molding device that the purpose of this invention is to provide the auxiliary material objectization of a kind of computer and printer, mainly utilize a kind of integration computer and printer or draught machine system to use personal computer or work station, with commercially available or functional requisite and printer or draught machine that independent development forms, be integrated into the system that the spray printing platform of tool plane locomotive function is formed, again with other functional devices and mechanism's combination, formation can look like to manufacture three-dimensional equipment in kind with the virtual object that is stored in computer memory district, cooperates the philosophy and technique of three-dimensionally shaped method successfully to develop a three-dimensional spray printing rapidform machine.Promptly use apparatus of the present invention to cut layer calculation control software and process control firmware with the moulding of object spray printing in conjunction with object, see through the spray adhesive on the composite powder material of chosen position, the superimposed layer by layer spray printing gluing of virtual object picture that is stored in computer memory district is manufactured three-dimensional device in kind.
Technological means: the present invention is i.e. default position not ad initio, do not do the original quick molding method identical and the imitation of device with it,,, on method and apparatus, improved fully in line with keeping on improving principle at the optimization research and development of an advanced person's three-dimensionally shaped method and apparatus.During the course, experience suitable failure, but the conception of the different application of also therefore deriving, the importance of visible original thinking.
Through research and discussion repeatedly, whole overcoming the above problems, need completely new concept and go out the outbreak design, the present invention proposes following method:
(1) can be that the some of board: Z-corp. is the shower nozzle that utilizes HP at present directly with commercially available printer and Control Component thereof, but research and develop of the discharge rate control of its control card voluntarily with the ejection adhesive, its main cause is that the composition of its powder needs gluing dosage bigger, especially strengthens its spray glue amount at the shell (shell) of finished product and just can obtain required intensity; But thus, the resolution ratio of its ink gun is only accomplished the degree of 600dpi at present, has before more only accomplished 300dpi.But directly to be the some (resolution ratio is easy to reach more than the 1400dpi at present) of board with commercially available printer and Control Component thereof, must research and develop then more in a small amount that adhesive is plastic powder and the process control that must crack printer, believe that this also is the reason that Z-corp. can't accomplish always.
(2) the exquisiter and better plastic powder of the strength of materials of research and development: this problem belongs to the problem of material aspect, be not comprised in described in the patent of the present invention, the main plastic powder of having invented low spray glue amount in the test of this machine sees patent application case for details numbers No. 90100996.
(3) shower nozzle life-time dilatation: if use with commercially available seal machine table machine, but life-saving that should certain degree, only need shower nozzle cleaning plant of Synchronization Design, to cooperate the action needs of former printer, but topic must solve the problem of continuous ink feeding (glue) before it, so the present invention also must comprise continuous glue feed mechanism.
(4) accelerate print speed: if can adopt commercially available printer, its speed is per minute 4-8 page or leaf at least, but if can separate shop powder mechanism and spray printing mechanism in mechanism, uses both independent separately, so can further save the required run duration in non-spray printing district, whole print speed is accelerated.
(5) problem of machine costliness as for, be because of developing the shower nozzle control card by the sizable manpower of cost, and in machine, still have the arithmetic unit of another computer as the transmission of data and program, spray the increase of glue amount in addition, also must increase pumping and relevant control, whole machine architecture more belongs to complexity.The present invention directly applies in the rapidform machine machine with commercially available printer, because relative very cheap of the unit price of printer, so this problem can be obtained the solution of certain degree.
(6) the present invention also proposes other mechanism design, make the storehouse process of rapidform machine more accurate, help to improve dimensional accuracy of products, even the reducing of geometric tolerances, as design that feeder channel, construction groove and recovery holes are integrally combined, help the precision that improves rigidity and improve machine and make product.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the present invention utilizes a kind of integration computer and printer or draught machine system to use personal computer or work station, with commercially available or functional requisite and printer or draught machine that independent development forms, be integrated into the spray printing platform of tool plane locomotive function and the system that shop powder platform is formed, again with other functional devices and mechanism's combination, cut layer calculation control software and process control firmware in conjunction with object with the moulding of object spray printing, see through the spray adhesive on the composite powder material of chosen position, formation can manufacture the superimposed layer by layer spray printing gluing of virtual object picture that is stored in computer memory district the method for monochrome or color solid material object, and this is a new-type three dimensional printing shaped device and a technology.
Device of the present invention includes a workbench, and two across shop powder platform and spray printing platform on the accurate slide rail that hangs on the workbench both sides, in conjunction with the driving mechanism of aforementioned three platforms, supplies colloid system and software and firmware interface continuously; Along the workbench long axis direction feeder channel is arranged, the recovery holes of a construction groove and an excess stock, a piston type flat board moving up and down that seals on every side in feeder channel and the construction groove, be called feed flat board and construction flat board, can so that being provided, powder quantitatively evenly elaborate the function of one deck powder through the control shift position; Shop powder platform possesses combination and the function of separating start with the spray printing platform, and has saved in non-spray printing zone unnecessary movement distance and time.Powder for molding is placed in the feeder channel and process appropriate compacting and pressing, integration by automatically controlled program and software and firmware interface, drive shop powder platform and shop powder roller, the composite powder in the feeder channel is transferred on the construction flat board smooth-goingly, unnecessary dusty material is delivered to recovery holes and is concentrated recovery; Switch to automatic moulding control function then, drive the spray printing platform, supply colloid system and shower nozzle with the resulting ground floor contour pattern data after cutting layer processing of the three dimensional object in the calculator memory continuously, spray glue corresponds in the construction flat board on the composite powder of contour pattern, with gluing go out one deck very thin cut a layer profile flat board; After finishing the moulding of one page spray printing, height with the dull and stereotyped decline one deck of construction, and raising feed flat board, drive again shop powder platform and shop powder roller with predefined each cut the layer thickness material, in feeder channel, be transferred on the construction flat board of construction groove, recovery holes is concentrated to be reclaimed and unnecessary dusty material is also delivered to, so the moulding of repetition spray printing is fully shaped to until three dimensional object with shop powder action and ends, the solid object that will be embedded in the construction groove at last rises, remove not gluing powder, can obtain three-dimensional mock-up.Use monochromatic adhesive can obtain monochromatic entity object in the process, use colorful adhesion agent can obtain colored entity object.For strengthening the making quality of object, can add oven dry or air-dry apparatus, to reduce the object drying and moulding time.
One shop powder roller is arranged on the shop powder platform of this device, it act as incremental ground each layer of laying dusty material to the construction flat board, course of action is that the powder for molding in the feeder channel is shifted construction material volume that one deck sets to the construction flat board, and used surplus unnecessary powder belt is concentrated on to the recovery holes in the accumulator tank under the platform.
The shower nozzle of institute's combination on the spray printing platform of this device, can on whole workbench, do the plane motion of XY axle, sprayer cleaning device and adhesive supply system are housed on the spray printing platform in addition, at least comprise more than one spray glue casket and be installed in the nozzle boss (Printer Cartridge), the small container of the storage adhesive when shower nozzle spray glue is provided; The pipeline that connects the supply adhesive on the spray glue casket, with supply with spray printing the adhesive of palpus; Shower nozzle includes a plurality of nozzles, use commercially available spray printing technology can reach the spray printing effect, and but the variation of multistage adjusting control ejection makes the needed gluing dosage of object cementation and formation, also optionally the spray printing object is cut layer profile on powder for molding, make the object glue molding, this method uses even adhesive spray volume on the powder bed, and the object that is made into can obtain stronger intensity and precision; In addition, sprayer cleaning device contains a scraper (Wiper) mechanism, be positioned on the shower nozzle motion track, as striking off the dust material and formed accumulation dirt of mixing of adhesive that nozzle exit adheres to, during spray printing, during nozzle process scraper, also can spray cleaning glue to clean this scraper.Smoothness when cutting the continuous spray in a large number of layer profile larger area glue for asking spray printing to possess, design one soft groove shape part and driving mechanism in the sprayer cleaning device box can seal spray nozzle and do extraction action.This function helps to keep shower nozzle to avoid stopping up, and significantly increases the shower nozzle life-span.
Can not contain dyestuff in the adhesive, also can comprise the colorful one dyestuff, above adhesive can spray on the selected zone of construction groove powder bed from nozzle, to produce the multiple composite coloured entity object of monochrome or tool, only the surface of object is risen to the degree of depth of a certain thick layer and is sprayed the colored entity that presents that many colors adhesive makes.
Feeder channel, construction groove and recovery holes are used two length of a film plastic boards and three short dull and stereotyped and shorter dull and stereotyped be combined intos, in weak point is dull and stereotyped upward in conjunction with the traverse corner press strip of finishing through the ball cutter milling, form the oblong aperture of two smooth-going rounded corners of cut-out mask at the inwall of feeder channel and construction groove; Cut a concavity groove all around and make up soft silica gel seal ring along feed and construction flat board, form a similar piston mechanism, can slide up and down accurate and smooth-goingly, and prevent that powder slips down from seam crossing in the groove with feeder channel and construction groove.Recovery holes is combined by the Plastic Flat wooden partition that protrudes in the short dull and stereotyped outer wall of construction groove of two length of a film plastic boards and shorter flat board.This kind design once is combined as a whole feeder channel, construction groove and recovery holes, and the present invention's creation can obtain preferable mechanical rigid (Stiffness) and two groove better parallel degree and perpendicularity, effectively improves the machine geometric tolerances.
Aspect software and firmware, the present invention separates execution with the employed layer software of cutting with the driving firmware of controlling the moulding manufacturing, preparation before cutting layer software to finish all making of object discharging and machined parameters setting etc., transfer to the firmware interface of computer interface chemical control system, to carry out the detecting of rapid shaping processing and processing procedure situation, so not only use outside the PC-Based control more easily, more can save the additional circuit design apparatus of hand push button process control, help the reduction of machine cost and simplify procedures.
The structure of the part of above device of saying and various novelties and assemblage characteristic, to further describe or be illustrated in accompanying drawing and the claim, and utilize the computer three dimensional object data after digitized processing in the internal memory of will being stored in to use three dimensional printing mechanism to cause three-dimensional apparatus and method in kind so that can understand fully.
The effect of contrast prior art
The present invention and the method and apparatus of Z-corp. rapid shaping that company researches and develops look similar, based on the existing patent of this method and apparatus, need not sample analysis certainly or based on the idea of imitation again; But the difference that considerable method and apparatus device is arranged in fact.
, especially specifically list with the above-mentioned patent of the Z-corp. company Shen of spreading out and go out the different of rapidform machine for presenting originality of the present invention and progressive particularly at this.Division is as follows:
(1) the present invention has and uses commercially available or functional requisite and printer or draught machine that independent development forms, general commercially available printer or draught machine are developed by well-known international style printer company (HP, Canon, Epson, Lexmark etc.) of many families and are formed, and have possessed quite good spray printing stability and printing precision; Be different from Z-corp. company and only limit to the specific low resolution shower nozzle that uses some the said firm to drive, its suitable range and precision all are better than the design of Z-corp. company.
(2) the present invention has detachable spray printing platform and shop powder platform; Be different from Z-corp. company will spread the powder roller and spray printing mechanism is placed on the same mobile platform, and the design's spray printing platform possesses in light weightly, and the unnecessary movement distance of having saved non-spray printing zone also is better than the design of Z-corp. company.
(3) the present invention has and uses commercially available spray printing technology can reach the spray printing effect, does not need need to add pumping and valve member as Z-corp. company jet printing appts and makes just normal spray printing of pressure control.
(4) jet printing method that has of the present invention uses even adhesive spray volume on the powder bed, it divides shell (Shell) and core (Core) zone to spray the method difference of different gluing dosage with Z-corp. company spray printing mode, and the object that this method is made into can obtain stronger intensity and precision.
(5) the present invention has design one soft groove shape part and driving mechanism in the sprayer cleaning device box, can seal spray nozzle and do to extract action, these are only different as the effect of the gathering line of spray nozzle scrap rubber with the adapter of Z-corp. company design again, this function helps to keep shower nozzle to avoid stopping up, and significantly increases the shower nozzle life-span.
(6) the present invention has the design that once feeder channel, construction groove and recovery holes is combined as a whole, be different from Z-corp. company at USPN 6,375, the production method that 8745 patent FIG.11 are discussed, the present invention's creation can obtain preferable mechanical rigid (Stiffness) and two groove better parallel degree and perpendicularity, effectively improves the machine geometric tolerances.
(7) the present invention has and separates execution with cutting the driving firmware that layer software and control moulding make, the making software that is different from the exploitation of Z-corp. company needs to use the waste of a cover computer system especially on machine, so not only use outside the PC-Based control more easily, more can save the additional circuit design apparatus of hand push button process control, help the reduction of machine cost and simplify procedures.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the integration system figure of rapid shaping of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of rapidform machine of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the workbench top view of rapid shaping machine of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the amplification details drawing of spray printing terrace part of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the amplification details drawing that the present invention spreads the powder terrace part.
Fig. 6 is a rapidform machine spray printing procedure chart of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the groove box stereogram of feeder channel of the present invention and construction groove and recovery holes.
Fig. 8 is the shower nozzle spraying colloid system calcspar of the non-pressure control mode under the printer driver control interface of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1 computer; 2 rapidform machines; 3 entity objects that have been shaped; 4 after-treatment devices; 5 finish the entity object of post processing; 7 document storages; 8 three dimensional objects; 9 application software; 10 cut a layer software; 11 cut the layer data that results in; 12 processing set datas; 13 window interface firmware drivers; 14 adapters; 15 clear areas not; 16 control circuit interfaces; 17 post processors; 18 clear areas; 19 workbenches; 20 feeder channels; 21 piston type feeder channel flat boards; 22 construction grooves; 23 piston type construction groove flat boards; 24 recovery holes; 25 Powder Recovery grooves; 26 I-shaped design frames; 27 I-shaped design frames; 28 screw drive mechanisms; 29 screw drive mechanisms; 30 spray printing platforms; 31 shower nozzles; 32 small nozzle holes; 33 quick slide rails; 34 clutch guide rails; 35 for sebific duct; 36 moving guide rail combination of components; 37 supporting guides; 38 moving guide rails; 39 trip(ping) levers; 40 shop powder platforms; 41 shop powder rollers; 42 hide the powder slide; 43 electric boxs; 44 moving guide rail combination of components; 45 arrangement of clutch; 46 spray printing platform main structure plates; 47 cleaning devices; 48 scrap rubber collection cups; 49 gluing liquid storage bottle; 50 soft scraper plates; 51 scrap rubber collecting vessels; 52 clutch friction wheels; 53 times sebific ducts; 54 construction dusty materials; 55 enough supply with the dull and stereotyped required construction dusty material of construction groove; 57 unnecessary construction dusty materials; The 58 construction dusty materials that scrape; 59 pave the construction dusty material; 60 long plastic boards; 61 short plastic boards; 62 corner press strips; 63 screws; 64 shorter plastic boards.
The specific embodiment
(1) rapidform machine system
Fig. 1 is the integration system of a cover rapid shaping, and computer 1 is arranged, rapidform machine 2,3, one after-treatment devices of the entity object that has been shaped 4 and the entity object 5 of finishing post processing.
Computer 1 is personal computer or work station, can be independently or see through LAN or wideband network and set up and calculate.Computer 1 comprises some application software 9, and CAD/CAM software for example, three dimensional object 8 data access of being drawn is in the document storage 7 of computer 1, can use to use 9 pairs of three dimensional object 8 data of CAD/CAM software and make an amendment.When the user desires to produce the entity object 5 of finishing post processing, three dimensional object 8 data need be exported to from document storage 7 and cut layer software 10, through one is after row discharge three dimensional object 8 and set corresponding processing conditions, to process set data 12 and be sent to window interface firmware driver 13, to process set data 12 through the adapter 14 in the window interface firmware driver 13 and reach rapidform machine 2, making the preceding powder that overlays of entity object 3 making moves, after finishing, drive the action of cleaning shower nozzles by cutting layer software 10, will cut the layer data 11 that results in again and deliver to the moulding that rapidform machine 2 carries out entity object 3 and make.
Rapidform machine 2 is distinguished into clear area 18 and clear area 15 not, and interface control circuit and electric component all place clear area 18.To cut the layer data 11 that results in and deliver to control circuit interface 16 in the rapidform machine 2 when cutting layer software 10, and on rapidform machine 2, carry out the moulding of entity object 3 and make.Use printer or the draught machine that generally can buy on the market to cut layer shape on the powder bed that laying is finished with shower nozzle spray printing two dimension, after finishing one page spray printing, the bed thickness height is set in dull and stereotyped 23 declines one of construction in advance, and raising feed flat board 21, shop powder roller repaves the prior new powder of bed thickness of setting on page up powder bed, repeat second page of spray printing program again, so repetitive operation, until cutting the layer data 11 complete spray printing that results in, utilize spray glue and powder for molding to produce gummed or reaction, make the moulding result obtain entity object 3.
When the toughness characteristic conforms user of entity object 3 requires, improve the post processor 17 of entity object 3 toughness characteristics and can omit; If the toughness characteristic of entity object 3 does not meet the user when requiring, can use after-treatment device 4 to handle, until finishing entity object 5.
(2) rapid shaping machine
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of rapidform machine 2, it comprises workbench 19, and the recovery holes 24 of unnecessary powder behind the piston type construction groove dull and stereotyped 23 of piston type feeder channel flat board 21, construction groove 22 and bottom of feeder channel 20 and bottom and the shop powder and the Powder Recovery groove 25 that can extract are arranged in regular turn along X-direction.Though omit drafting silica gel seal ring at Fig. 2, but respectively cutting a concavity groove all around and making up soft silica gel seal ring along piston type feeder channel dull and stereotyped 21 and piston type construction groove flat board 23, and contact with cell wall driving fits around feeder channel 20 and the construction groove 22, form a similar sliding plunger mechanism, and prevent that powder slips down from seam crossing in the groove.Piston type feeder channel dull and stereotyped 21 and piston type construction groove dull and stereotyped 23 each I-shaped in succession design frame 26,27, I-shaped design frame 26,27 each and the screw drive mechanism 28 of axial feeder channel 20 of Z and construction groove 22,29 constitute accurate linear movement mechanism, make piston type feeder channel flat board 21 and piston type construction groove dull and stereotyped 23 to move up and down, in conjunction with shop powder action, the needed construction amount of powder that can supply construction entity object 3 accurate and smooth-goingly.
Fig. 3 removes device top view behind clear area not 15 and clear area 18 each loam cake for rapidform machine 2, feeder channel 20 is arranged on the workbench 19 in regular turn, construction groove 22,24 3 slotted eyes of recovery holes, across being put on the workbench on moving guide rail 38 and the supporting guide 37, spray printing platform 30 and shop powder platform 40 and moving guide rail 38 and each moving guide rail combination of components 36,44 are formed with as can be around the contilever platform of 38 rotations of moving guide rail, spray printing platform 30 another sides are outstanding to be put on the supporting guide 37, so traverse is by on workbench 19, during operation, need to drive start that trip(ping) lever 39 up and down makes clutch guide rail 34 with in conjunction with spray printing platform 30, make spray printing platform 30 do the batch (-type) translational motion along negative x direction of principal axis, solenoidoperated cluthes guide rail 34 can make shop powder platform 40 separate with spray printing platform 30 with arrangement of clutch 45 or make the reciprocal powder of spreading along the x direction of principal axis in combination and move and locate.Spray printing platform 30 has one along the axial quick slide rail 33 of y, can load more than one at least shower nozzle 31 is made controllable speed along the axle of quick slide rail 33 reciprocating motion.Faster than spray printing platform 30, shop powder platform 40 is in x direction of principal axis movement velocity in the axial movement velocity of y for shower nozzle during the spray printing.Have a lot of small nozzles hole 32 to be combined at least one row on the shower nozzle 31, can control the gluing liquid of ejection in the selectivity position during spray printing, gluing liquid is by entering in the shower nozzle through replenishing for sebific duct 35 in the gluing liquid storage bottle.Also point out to spread the screening powder slide 42 that has a shop powder roller 41 and wheel side both sides on the powder platform 40 among the File, in the hypomere literary composition, be described in more detail.In addition, there is an electric box 43 to include control circuit board 16 and each electric component at clear area 18.
Fig. 4 is the amplification details drawing of spray printing platform 30 parts of Fig. 3.Spray printing platform 30 has one along the axial quick slide rail 33 of y, can load more than one at least shower nozzle 31 is made controllable speed along the axle of quick slide rail 33 reciprocating motion.Have a lot of small nozzles hole 32 to be combined at least one row on the shower nozzle 31, can control the gluing liquid of ejection in the selectivity position during spray printing, gluing liquid is by entering in the shower nozzle 31 through replenishing for sebific duct 35 in the gluing liquid storage bottle 49; The soft scraper plate 50 of device a slice on mobile route, strike off the dirt that shower nozzle 31 duration of works are piled up, nozzle can spray the clean adhesive of trace on soft scraper plate 50 in appropriate time, can make the scraper plate cleaning on the one hand, fill adhesive on the other hand and go in the nozzle microtubule, a scrap rubber collection cups 48 is equipped with to collect above dirt colloid in shower nozzle 31 belows.When shower nozzle 31 is made cleaning nozzle, in the nozzle below one cleaning device 47 is installed, connect back sebific duct 53 and deliver in the scrap rubber collecting vessel 51.Clutch friction wheel 52 drives spray printing platform 30 in conjunction with clutch guide rail 34 and does the batch (-type) translational motion toward negative x direction of principal axis during spray printing, disconnecting clutch guide rail 34 moves back and forth the usefulness of locating with work in conjunction with clutch guide rail 34 again during to the program initial point to make the x direction of principal axis with shop powder platform 40 during the powder of shop.Be covered with an airtight loam cake on the spray printing platform 30, as isolating the not dust of clear area 15, with the drive circuit assembly and the electrical connector sealing of protection shower nozzle 31.
Fig. 5 is the amplification details drawing of shop powder platform 40 parts of Fig. 3.Have a shop powder roller 41 and the screening powder slide 42 of taking turns the side both sides on the shop powder platform 40.During the powder of shop, shop powder platform 40 moves axially as x, drive shop powder roller 41 on it with just as the upmilling mode, powder for molding in the feeder channel 20 are shifted construction material that one decks preestablish bed thickness to piston type construction groove flat board 23, and used surplus unnecessary powder belt is fallen into Powder Recovery groove 25 to recovery holes 24.The screening powder slide 42 on wheel side both sides mainly is that unnecessary construction material spills in the groove of workbench from feeder channel 20 and construction groove 22 edges during preventing to spread powder.An arrangement of clutch 45 is arranged on the left side of Fig. 5, its objective is when pawnshop powder action promotion spray printing platform 30 moves right to limit on the left is past again, retract spray printing platform 30 together toward the program initial points, arrangement of clutch 45 breaks away from during to the program initial point, and shop powder platform 40 returns back to the limit on the right-right-hand limit position continuing to turn right.In hypomere spray printing process, be described in more detail.
(3) the spray printing process of rapidform machine
Fig. 6 is a rapidform machine spray printing procedure chart.
1, the construction dusty material 54 of pouring q.s earlier into enters in the feeder channel 20 and moderately flattens, make dull and stereotyped 23 declines one of piston type construction groove preestablish the distance of thickness again, piston type feeder channel flat board 21 rises to the height of the required construction dusty material 55 of enough supply piston type construction groove flat boards, rotates shop powder roller 41 scrapes the undulate powder from feeder channel 20 the construction dusty material 58 that scrapes in the upmilling mode;
2, the construction dusty material that scrapes 58 is shifted and pave construction dusty material 59 on piston type construction groove flat board 23;
3, unnecessary construction dusty material 57 is transferred to recovery holes 24 and falls into Powder Recovery groove 25;
4, piston type feeder channel dull and stereotyped 21 and dull and stereotyped 23 declines of piston type construction groove one predefined thickness, the arrangement of clutch 45 of shop powder platform 40 agrees with spray printing platform 30 and spray printing platform 30 is moved toward the program initial points retract together, when spray printing platform 30 moves to the program initial point, driving up and down, trip(ping) lever 39 makes 34 starts of clutch guide rail, with in conjunction with spray printing platform 30, arrangement of clutch 45 breaks away from, shop powder platform 40 continues to turn right to move and returns back to the limit on the left position, at this moment, cutting layer software will cut the layer data 11 that results in and reach spray printing control circuit interface 16, cut layer contour pattern spray glue in paving on the construction dusty material 59, shower nozzle 31 along the y direction of principal axis with line scan motion mode finish one row spray printing after, clutch friction wheel 52 on the spray printing platform 30 drives spray printing platform 30 in conjunction with clutch guide rail 34 and moves one at interval toward negative x direction of principal axis, shower nozzle 31 carries out next line along the y direction of principal axis again and scans spray printing and move, after finishing the secondary series spray printing, spray printing platform 30 moves to next at interval toward negative x direction of principal axis again, and so circulation is finished until one page spray printing;
5, piston type construction groove flat board 23 rises to and reserves a predefined distance of cutting layer thickness, piston type feeder channel flat board 21 rises to the height of the required construction dusty material 55 of enough supply construction groove flat boards, rotate shop powder roller 41 scrapes the undulate powder from feeder channel 20 the construction dusty material 58 that scrapes in the upmilling mode, the construction dusty material that scrapes 58 is shifted and pave construction dusty material 59 on piston type construction groove flat board 23, and spray printing platform 30 is pushed back to limit on the right-right-hand limit retract and be positioned program initial point place again;
6, so repeat one to five step, finish construction up to entity object 3;
7, decline piston type feeder channel flat board 21, and rising piston type construction groove flat board 23 is removed the loose construction powder that entity object 3 does not spray glue bond on every side, takes out entity object 3, and according to the characteristic requirement of entity object 5, optionally whether decision carries out post processing again.
(4) the groove box manufacturing process of feeder channel and construction groove and recovery holes
Fig. 7 is the groove box of feeder channel 20 and construction groove 22 and recovery holes 24.Feeder channel 20, construction groove 22 use two length of a film plastic boards 60 and three short plastic boards 61 and shorter plastic board 64 be combined intos with recovery holes 24, on short plastic board 61,, form the oblong aperture of two smooth-going rounded corners of cut-out mask at the inwall of feeder channel 20 and construction groove 22 in conjunction with the traverse corner press strip of finishing through the milling of spheric end milling cutter 62; 24 of recovery holes are not made corner treatment.Cut a concavity groove all around and make up soft silica gel seal ring along feed dull and stereotyped 21 and construction flat board 23, form a similar piston mechanism, can slide up and down accurate and smooth-goingly, and prevent that powder slips down from seam crossing in the groove with feeder channel 20 and construction groove 22.Recovery holes 24 uses bonding by the Plastic Flat wooden partition that protrudes in short dull and stereotyped 61 outer walls of construction groove 22 of two length of a film plastic boards 60 and shorter plastic board 64 or the screw stitching forms.This kind design once is combined as a whole feeder channel 20, construction groove 22 with recovery holes 24, can obtain preferable mechanical rigid (Stiffness) and two groove better parallel degree and perpendicularity, effectively improves the machine geometric tolerances.
(5) the shower nozzle spraying colloid system of the non-pressure control mode under the control of printer driver interface
Fig. 8 is to use the shower nozzle 31 spraying colloid system calcspars of the non-pressure control mode under the printer driver control circuit interface 16.Smoothness when cutting the continuous spray in a large number of layer profile larger area glue for asking spray printing to possess, prevent that dirt from blocking 32 places, small nozzle hole and keeping soft rubbing board 50 cleanings so that the interaction energy of rubbing board is brought into play fully, improve the service life of shower nozzle 31, prevent factors such as spray printing quality reduction, so design one soft groove shape part and driving mechanism in sprayer cleaning device 47 boxes can seal small nozzle hole 32 and do to extract action.
Continuously multipage spray glue is when large tracts of land contour pattern spray printing, determines the main key that it whether can successful fully spray printing especially for glue continuously swimmingly.In view of this, so the present invention proposes the shower nozzle spraying colloid system of the non-pressure control mode under the control of printer driver interface, progressive and creative to meet.There is a lot of small nozzles hole 32 to be combined at least one row on the shower nozzle 31, during spray printing, can control the gluing liquid of ejection in the selectivity position, gluing liquid enters in the shower nozzle 31 through replenishing for sebific duct 35 by seeing through motor control glue feed mechanism (motor B and controller among Fig. 8) in the gluing liquid storage bottle 49; The soft scraper plate 50 of device a slice on shower nozzle 31 mobile routes, strike off the dirt that shower nozzle 31 duration of works are piled up, nozzle can be back in the nozzle boss in appropriate time, at this moment, through a soft groove shape part and driving mechanism (motor A), can seal shower nozzle small nozzle hole 32 and do to extract action, extract the clean adhesive of trace out in 32 outsides, small nozzle hole, and back and forth make little abrasive action in scraper plate, so, can make the usefulness of scraper plate cleaning on the one hand, fill adhesive on the other hand and go in the nozzle microtubule, a scrap rubber collection cups 48 is equipped with to collect above dirt colloid in shower nozzle 31 belows.When shower nozzle 31 was made cleaning nozzle, the cleaning device of installing in nozzle 31 belows 47 connected pipe and pumps scrap rubber to scrap rubber collecting vessel 51.
(6) improve the method for rapid shaping spare process velocity, intensity, toughness and precision
The method of improving rapid shaping spare intensity, toughness and precision is divided in the rapid shaping manufacturing process and the complete pre-process and post-process method of entity object 3 backs etc. of rapid shaping according to making time-histories.Be described as follows:
(1) processing in the rapid shaping manufacturing process
A. improve the adhesive viscosity that can spray: the use standard is to exquisite quality spray printing.
B. increase the gummed amount of construction material: improve spray glue amount or repeat to spray glue.
C. import external energy to promote the gummed reaction:
A. use microwave or infrared ray heating in the spray printing process.
B. importing hot-air flows to quicken stiffization in the construction district.
D. the control of machined parameters condition: the thick revisal etc. of exosmosing of shrinkage rates revisal and meat.
E. the gummed effect of high strength response type: one-pack type or two doses of cohesion promoter with mo(u)ld top half make the generation chemical bonded refractory.
(2) the rapid shaping processing behind the entity object 3 that completes:
A. soak into the material of the reinforcing property that adds: ooze Instant cement, hard wax, resin glue etc.
B. surface treatment: sandblast, mechanical shock or ultrasonic vibrations grind, spray paint etc.
C. import external energy to promote the gummed reaction:
A. use heating using microwave entity object 3.
B. use infrared ray or oven heat entity object 3.
C. the freeze drying accelerated material dries.
D. the chemical combination more than two steps is to adjust the reaction of rerum natura speciality.
D. the combination of vacuum environment is used: with the air sucking-off that object includes, the powerful accelerator that adds of specific function that infiltration again is scheduled to reach can improve the performance that depth of penetration adds powerful feature.
(7) colored spray printing
The color nozzle of general commercially available color inkjet printer can add in the adhesive spray seat (Printer Cartrdge) that is positioned over three-dimensional fast shaping spray printing machine, directly the spray printing colorful adhesion agent is on the construction composite powder material 54 of construction flat board 23, and with the effect of generation glue molding, provide colored entity object 3 and make, to extend more vast application.For example product designer directly can be attached at product cromogram file mark earlier the three dimensional object surface of CAD, do through color three dimension rapid prototyping spray printing mechanism, can directly the three-dimensional colour tridimensional virtual image in the computer directly be manufactured three-dimensional model just like true color existingization of tool of material object, can supply product designer, the person of corporate decision, producer and market user as the affirmation of further revising and assessing apace, reduce the generation and the success rate that improves the acceptance of product design and market of erroneous decision.
Can not contain dyestuff in the adhesive, also can comprise the colorful one dyestuff, above adhesive can spray on the selected zone of construction district powder bed from nozzle, to produce the multiple composite coloured entity object of monochrome or tool, cut layer software and can adjust spray printing, make only to rise on the surface of object to the degree of depth of a certain thick layer and spray the colored entity that presents that many colors adhesive makes, monochromatic or colourless adhesive are still sprayed in entity inside.Because of the colorful adhesion agent cost is higher than monochromatic adhesive cost, so, can quicken spray printing speed and consumption and the cost of saving colorful adhesion agent as handling through the above layer profile colour adjustment on top layer on every side of cutting.
Claims (16)
1. the rapid molding device of the auxiliary material objectization of computer and printer is characterized in that:
There is the workbench of a length along longitudinal axis width along transverse axis a working region, along the workbench long axis direction feed orifice is arranged, the recovery holes of a construction hole and an excess stock;
A feeder channel is connected to feed orifice and contacts with the feeder channel inner edge surface with a removable powder piston that supplies;
A construction groove is connected to the construction hole and contacts with construction groove inner edge surface with a removable construction piston;
An accumulator tank can be connected to the accumulator tank of excess stock recovery holes for excess stock behind extraction and the recovery shop powder;
A spray glue print system comprises that is striden an outstanding spray printing platform and the jet printing appts that is put on the workbench of rail, the former can do the axial motion of x on workbench, jet printing appts comprises independent or a plurality of shower nozzles and corresponding array type nozzle thereof, shower nozzle on it can be done the motion of the axial spray printing of y on workbench, the nozzle on the shower nozzle can be cut layer profile in each that is relevant to object and make the linear selectivity position spray glue that scans in laying on the smooth construction material;
A paver system comprises a paver device, and is removable and stride that rail is outstanding to be put on the workbench;
One is the composite set that comprises one or more glue feeders, one or more jet printing appts and one or more cleaning nozzles for the glue sprayed printed system continuously;
Control device be positioned on the working region and can be with construction piston, feed piston, stride that rail is outstanding to be put formula paver device and stride that rail is outstanding to be put the formula spray nozzle and link, this control device can be controlled the feeder channel material transfer to the construction groove, cut the cumulative mode of layer with each in regular turn again and lay the construction material, and the real-time detection system operational function is unusual, and warns and handle; This control device also comprises that a control module can be controlled monochrome or color nozzle is sprayed monochrome or colorful adhesion agent, and can control spray glue in each the selected position of construction material layer spray glue corresponding amount with it, according to the section profile of virtual object picture, the contour area that its spray glue is formed in each construction material layer is bonded to one; And person of mechanism that can improve the quality of manufactured object.
2. a feeder channel according to claim 1 is meant that a feed flat board is connected in feed chamber and forms the groove of an open slot with the needed construction material of storage object moulding;
Construction groove is meant that a construction groove flat board is connected in the construction chamber and forms an open slot and shift and come the object moulding each cuts the groove of the needed construction material of layer thickness to hold by feeder channel;
Accumulator tank is meant that a groove shifts and is layed in the accumulator tank of remaining construction material behind the construction groove to hold by feeder channel;
The paver device is meant that is striden the outstanding formula shop powder platform of putting of rail, comprise independence or the device that links with the spray printing platform, this device comprises that a rotatable shop powder roller that moves is across shop powder platform, and each cuts the object moulding that feeder channel can be provided the needed construction material of layer thickness and be transferred to construction groove and recovery holes in regular turn; A cleaning assemblies is contacted with on the powder roller cylinder surface of shop along shop powder roller shaft direction, can clean the attachment on the powder roller of shop; Another cleaning assemblies moves along y direction and is contacted with feeder channel outer wall, construction groove outer wall to the recovery holes outer wall, can transfer some construction materials from feeder channel through the construction groove to recovery holes;
Glue feeder is by the container connecting line of one or more storage adhesive liquid and control glue feed mechanism, input adhesive liquid enters the device in the shower nozzle, after the use of the adhesive in the adhesive casket of shower nozzle is a certain amount of, can see through this glue feeder and replenish not enough gluing dosage, make the shaping spray printing can continue running;
Jet printing appts is meant the device of electing property of the adhesive spray printing that monochromatic or multiple colour can be provided, the spray nozzle that it comprises can be on the construction groove each is cut layer profile and does two-way choice back and forth and control spray glue position and glue amount along transverse axis according to object, spray printing is cut a layer profile with each of formation object on the construction material;
The sub-assembly of cleaning nozzle, spraying colloid system contain the mechanism of a cleaning nozzle;
Monochrome or colorful adhesion agent can use one or more dyestuff dissolvings or dispersion suspension in adhesive liquid, transfer to be combined into appreciable monochrome or colored color.
3. construction material according to claim 1 comprise can with the aitiogenic dusty material of using of adhesive, with the adhesive of using only bond powders and not with the aitiogenic dusty material of powder.
4. independent or a plurality of shower nozzle according to claim 1 is meant the interior path number of supply adhesive input shower nozzle of shower nozzle correspondence, and each shower nozzle respectively has its corresponding array type nozzle.
5. control module according to claim 1 is to cut a layer profile linearity and scan and spray controllable gluing dosage on the position for controlling the object of each spray nozzle on each construction material of construction groove, but and detecting real-time spray printing operational function unusual.
6. the composite set of cleaning nozzle according to claim 1 is the construction material in order to remove adhesive residual on the nozzle and to adhere to.
7. selectivity according to claim 1 position is meant according to object that each is cut in layer profile scope and sprays adhesive.
8. it comprises batch (-type) and the continous way mode that replenishes the supply for glue running glue feeder according to claim 1, and this mode comprises uses negative-pressure siphon principle or malleation batch (-type) and continous way or batch (-type) extrusion principle, and adhesive replenishes the supply.
9. spray printing platform according to claim 1 and paver device comprise that both combine and maybe can separate to carry out spray printing and to lay the integrating apparatus of construction material.
10. behind the mechanism that improves manufactured object quality according to claim 1 is meant in the rapid shaping manufacturing process and rapidform machine has just the completed entity object, the control and the adjustment of the machined parameters of use equipment own, or adding other mechanism carries out post processing, with improve manufactured object during making or the process velocity after making, intensity, toughness, surface roughness with follow quality such as dimensional accuracy for how much.
11. appreciable color according to claim 2 comprises main three looks and the multicolored color separation color and the black of commercially available each label printer ink.
12. adhesive liquid according to claim 2, be meant can with dusty material produce reaction or only bond powders and not with the aitiogenic adhesive liquid of powder.
13. cleaning assemblies according to claim 2 is a mobile device, can prevent that unnecessary construction dispersion of materials is accumulated in around feed and the construction district.
14. can be colourless adhesive or add coloured dyestuff according to claim 4 a described supply adhesive, the object on each construction material of construction groove is cut layer profile linearity and is scanned and spray colourless on the position or color is arranged and can control the adhesive of discharge rate.
15. the operation type of drive of spray nozzle according to claim 5 contains operation type of drive such as piezoelectric vibration formula, bubble squash type and pressure control drive; This spray nozzle can be on the construction groove each is cut layer profile and makes two-way choice back and forth and control spray glue position and glue amount along transverse axis according to object, and print on the construction material.
16. the composite set of cleaning nozzle according to claim 6 comprises a soft scraper plate, but residual adhesive and the construction material that adheres on the cleaning nozzle; The cup of a flexible material, secluding air and keep nozzle wet when the idle machine of nozzle is to prevent spray nozzle clogging; When shower nozzle moves into the sub-assembly district of cleaning nozzle, drive soft scraper plate and cup will be driven, ordering about clean adhesive flow, and have the function of cleaning and protection nozzle by more than at least 1 nozzle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510089963 CN1911635A (en) | 2005-08-08 | 2005-08-08 | Fast shaping device for making body from image of computer and with printing machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510089963 CN1911635A (en) | 2005-08-08 | 2005-08-08 | Fast shaping device for making body from image of computer and with printing machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1911635A true CN1911635A (en) | 2007-02-14 |
Family
ID=37720772
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510089963 Pending CN1911635A (en) | 2005-08-08 | 2005-08-08 | Fast shaping device for making body from image of computer and with printing machine |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1911635A (en) |
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