CN1909097B

CN1909097B - A record carrier

Info

Publication number: CN1909097B
Application number: CN2006101016657A
Authority: CN
Inventors: K·A·绍汉默伊明克
Original assignee: Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Current assignee: Koninklijke Philips NV
Priority date: 1995-09-01
Filing date: 1996-08-26
Publication date: 2011-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2016-08-26
Also published as: IL120740A; HK1004699A1; DE69612955T2; ES2159040T3; TW394931B; DE69612955T4; JP3946230B2; AU6666796A; RU2153200C2; CN1909097A; HUP9801354A3; CA2205565C; JPH10508456A; KR100488634B1; CA2205565A1; CN1331148C; JP2006087127A; CN1166225A; US5790056A; PT789910E

Abstract

A method for converting a series of m-bit information words to a modulated signal is described. For each information word from the series, an n-bit code word is delivered. The delivered code words are converted to the modulated signal. The code words are distributed over at least one group of a first type and at least one group of a second type. For the delivery of each of the code words belonging to the group of the first type the associated group establishes a coding state of the first type. When each of the code words belonging to the group of the second type is delivered, a coding state of the second type is established which is determined by an information word belonging to the delivered code word. When one of the code words is assigned to the received information word, this code word is selected from a set of code words which depends on the coding state. The sets of code words belonging to the coding states of the second type are disjunct. Further a record carrier, a signal, a coding and a recording device are disclosed.

Description

Record carrier

The application is the dividing an application that be on August 26th, 1996, denomination of invention the applying date for patented claim (the Chinese application number 02160474.6) of " record carrier ".

Technical field

The present invention relates to the sequence transformation of m position information word is the method for modulated signal, m is an integer, in the method, information word for each reception all produces a n bit word, n is the integer greater than m, the code word that produces is transformed to modulated signal, and series of m-bit information words is transformed to codeword sequence according to transformation rule, therefore, corresponding modulated signal can satisfy predetermined standard, and, code word is distributed at least one first kind grouping and at least one second type packet, when first kind of encoding state being determined by this associated packets set up in the generation of each code word that belongs to first kind grouping, the generation that belongs to each code word of second type packet will be set up by this associated packets and second kind of encoding state being determined by the information word relevant with the code word that produces, and when one of code word is distributed to the information word that receives, just from the codeword set that depends on the encoding state of being set up when producing last code word, select this code word, the codeword set that belongs to second kind of encoding state does not comprise any common code word, second type packet comprises the code word that at least one is relevant with a plurality of information words, in said a plurality of information words, each corresponding information word can be by detecting incompatible differentiation of respective episode that its subsequent codewords is exactly one of them member.

The invention still further relates to the method that records the record carrier of the signal that obtains by described method on it of making.

The invention still further relates to the encoding device of execution method as claimed in claim, this equipment comprises the device that m position information word is transformed to m to the n bit changer of n bit word and the n bit word is transformed to modulated signal.

The invention still further relates to the recording unit that uses this encoding device.

The invention still further relates to signal.

The invention still further relates to the record carrier that records described signal on it.

Background technology

Said method, equipment, record carrier and sort signal all are known in WO95/22802 (corresponding to EP-A-94200387.2, PHN14746).The document relates to the method that m position series of m-bit information words is transformed to modulated signal, and this method is called as EFM+.For all producing a n bit word from each information word in the described sequence.The code word that produces is transformed to modulated signal.Code word is distributed at least one first kind grouping and at least one second type packet.For the generation of each code word that belongs to first kind grouping, this relevant establishment is found first kind of encoding state.When generation belongs to the code word of second type packet, just set up second kind of encoding state.The code assignment of the encoding state of selecting, depend on foundation is given the signal letters that receives from codeword set.The set that belongs to the code word of second kind of encoding state is (disjunct) that disconnects.The one of selected of second kind of possible code set determined by the information word relevant with the code word that produces.This just makes several information words can be relevant with same code word, and the encoding state of foundation has nothing in common with each other.In this coding method, increased the number of the unique bit pattern that can be used by the code word in the sequence, thereby improved code efficiency.Can be transformed to information word to the modulated signal of acquisition like this more as follows: at first modulated signal is transformed to codeword sequence, according to code word to be transformed and also according in each code word of with respect to each logical value of the bit string of the pre-position of this code word information word being distributed in this sequence, this logical value is the indication of the previous encoding state of setting up then.In addition, recording unit and readout equipment are also disclosed.

The low frequency component of modulated signal may disturb mutually with the servosignal in other systematic parameter, for example register system.Though above-mentioned transform method can produce the modulated signal with limited low-frequency component, but still need to reduce low frequency component.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the converting means that the purpose of this invention is to provide the low-frequency component that is suitable for reducing modulated signal.

According to a first aspect of the invention, above-mentioned purpose is utilized as one section described method of beginning realizes, the method is characterized in that: after having set up first kind of encoding state, low-frequency component according to modulated signal, under the situation of not violating preassigned, be subordinated in the set of encoding state of foundation or be subordinated in the set of the encoding state that is different from first kind of encoding state and select code word.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of record carrier that comprises the information track that information pattern is provided is provided, this information pattern comprises first and second parts that replace along the direction of information track, first presents first kind can detect characteristic, second portion then presents second specific character that is different from this first specific character, described information track comprises a series of continuous information pattern parts, each information pattern is partly represented an information word, each described information pattern partly represents to have the n bit location of first logical value in described information track, or by being converted to and having second and can detect the second portion of characteristic and be converted to and have the first n bit location of second logical value that can detect the first of characteristic from having second second portion that can detect characteristic from having first first that can detect characteristic, described transformation represents to have the bit location of second logical value, and do not change the bit location that expression has first logical value

Each the information pattern part that belongs to a predetermined packet of packets of information pattern part all can be set up first kind of encoding state, and set up an information word uniquely, each information signal part that belongs to second grouping of information pattern part all can be set up second kind of encoding state, and jointly set up a unique information word with the follow-up mode section, described information pattern partly is the one group of information pattern part partly that belongs to the encoding state of foundation, at least one information pattern part of second grouping is relevant with a plurality of information words, in said information word, the utilization of corresponding information word is distinguished in the logical value of at least one bit location of the pre-position of follow-up mode section

It is characterized in that low-frequency component according to described information pattern, after the information pattern part of having set up first kind of encoding state, draw an information pattern part according to the part of the set of the encoding state that belongs to this foundation or the set part that belongs to the encoding state that is different from this first kind of encoding state.

Description of drawings

Further specify the present invention referring to accompanying drawing 1 to 9, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 represents series of m-bit information words, corresponding codeword sequence and modulated signal;

Fig. 2 represents record carrier;

The part that Fig. 3 presentation graphs 2 record carriers have been significantly enlarged;

Fig. 4 represents recording unit;

Fig. 5 represents decoding and reproducing device;

Fig. 6 presentation code equipment;

The table that concerns between wherein definite information word of Fig. 7 and 8 expressions and the code word;

Fig. 9 represents the frequency spectrum of modulated signal.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 represents three continuous m position information words, is 8 information words representing with label 1 in the present circumstance.Can in " coding techniques of numeroscope " (ISBN 0-13-140047-9) that K.A.Schouhamer Immink is shown, find the information of relevant coding method.For example, this book has been described and has been used for information is recorded in so-called EFM modulating system on the what is called " compact disk ".The EFM modulated signal obtains by a series of 8 information words are transformed to a series of 14 bit word, has inserted three merge bits to code word.It is d (2) that the selection of code word makes the minimum number that is positioned at the position " 0 " between everybody " 1 ", and maximum number is k (10).This constraint is also referred to as the dk constraint.Utilize mould 2 integral operationes that codeword sequence is transformed to the corresponding signal that is formed by the bit location with high or low signal value, in modulated signal, use from height to low signal value or from the variation of hanging down paramount signal value and represent position " 1 ".Position " 0 " is represented in the variation that is used in transition position no signal value between two bit locations.Also be met in the zone of transition of dk constraint between two code words even select merge bit to make, and make and in corresponding signal, so-called stroke digital sum value (running digital sum value) is remained unchanged basically.The stroke digital sum value in a certain moment refers in the number of the bit location with high signal value that calculates in the scope of modulated signal part before this moment and the difference of the number of the bit location with low signal value.Substantially invariable stroke digital sum value is meant that the frequency spectrum of signal does not comprise the frequency component of low frequency range.Sort signal is also referred to as no direct current signal.When reading this signal the record carrier that records signal in information track (track), the signal of no low frequency component has very large advantage, and this is because can realize that the Continuous Tracking that not influenced by this tracer signal controls.Hope always improves the information density on the record carrier as the information record.Three information words 1 among Fig. 1 have word value " 24 ", " 121 " and " 34 " separately.The sequence of these 3 information words 1 is transformed to three continuous n bit word, in this case, is 16 bit word of representing with label 4.Code word 4 has constituted the bit string of being made up of position with logical zero value and the position with logical one value.It is d and maximum number is k that the conversion of information word makes in the bit string the minimum number of the position with logical zero value between two positions with logical one value, and wherein d equals 2, and k equals 10.Usually this bit string is called the RLL string (RLL=run length) with dk constraint.Each position of code word will also be denoted as x1 ..., x16, wherein x1 represents first position (rise on a left side) of code word, x16 represents the position that code word is last.

Utilize mould 2 integration operation that the bit string that code word 4 forms is transformed to modulated signal 7.This modulated signal comprises three information signal part 8 representing code word 4.These information signal part comprise the bit location 11 that can have high signal value H or low signal value L.The number of the bit location of each information signal part equals the bits number of relevant code word.In modulated signal 7, with representing to have each codeword bit of logical one value from bit location with high signal value to the bit location with low signal value or from bit location to the conversion of the bit location with high signal value with low signal value, the variation that is used in bit location transition position no signal value represents to have each codeword bit of logical zero value.

In addition, require the frequency spectrum of modulated signal 7 not comprise low frequency component basically.In other words, modulated signal 7 is no direct currents.

Below describe the embodiment that the present invention can obtain the method for modulated signal in detail.

At first, having such requirement: dk to constrain in the code word planted agent to code word is met.The set of the whole possibility code words that satisfy described dk constraint is divided at least one first kind grouping and at least one second type packet.When utilizing one of first kind grouping to produce code word, just set up the encoding state of the first kind grouping under the code word that only depends on generation.When one of code word that produces first kind grouping, just set up and depend on the encoding state that the first kind is divided into groups and depended on the information word that the code word that produced represents.In embodiment described herein, two groupings can distinguishing the first kind like this promptly: the first grouping G11, it comprises that wherein a

equals

0 or 1 integer with the code word of a position end with logical zero value; And the second grouping G12, it comprises the code word with logical zero value b position end, wherein, b is less than or equal to 9 and more than or equal to 6 integer.

Represent with S1 from now on by the encoding state that the first grouping G11 of the first kind sets up.Represent with S4 from now on by the encoding state that the second grouping G12 of the first kind sets up.At this embodiment that describes only is familiar with a grouping of second type, this grouping comprises the code word with C position end with logical zero value, and wherein C is more than or equal to 2 and is less than or equal to 5 integer.This group will be called the G2 group from now on.In the example that will describe, can utilize the combination of code word and relevant information word to set up two kinds of encoding states, i.e. S2 and S3.

When information word is transformed to code word, distribute the code word that belongs to the codeword set that depends on encoding state for information word to be transformed.To represent to belong to the codeword set of encoding state S1, S2, S3 and S4 respectively with V1, V2, V3 and V4 from now on.Select the code word in the above-mentioned set, so that each bit string that arbitrary code word of the set that can set up by the code word of the grouping of having set up encoding state with by this encoding state forms all can satisfy the dk constraint.Therefore set up by the generation of previously generated code word and this encoding state is expressed above-mentioned previous code word with more than or equal to 6 be less than or equal under the situation that the bit string of 9 logical zero value finishes at encoding state S4, the codeword set V4 that is set up by encoding state S4 only allows to comprise the code word with the maximal value beginning of a position with logical zero value.For this reason, to have the code word of former generation and with the zone of transition between the code word that produces with relatively large code word with position beginning of logical zero value, in these zone of transition, the number with continuous position of logical zero value will always not be less than or equal to 10, therefore will not satisfy the dk constraint.For the same reason, set V1 includes only with more than or equal to 2 be less than or equal to the code word of some beginnings of 9 logical zero value.

Belonging to the codeword set V2 of encoding state S2 and S3 and V3 only comprises to have more than or equal to 0 and to be less than or equal to the code word of some beginnings of 5 logical zero value.The code word that satisfies this condition is distributed on two set V2 and the V3, so set V2 and V3 do not comprise any common code word.Below set V2 and V3 will be called the set of disconnection.The distribution of code word on set V2 and V3 is preferably promptly such: the logical value according to a limited number of P position can determine which set is a code word belong to.In above-mentioned example, bit pattern x1.x13 is used for this purpose.Discern the code word of set V2 according to bit pattern x1.x13=0.0.Discern the code word of set V3 according to the bit pattern x1.x13 that is not equal to 0.0.The code word of when producing, setting up encoding state S1 (grouping G11), the code word of when producing, setting up encoding state S2 or S3 (grouping G2) and the code word of when producing, setting up encoding state S4 (grouping G12) have been distinguished.Set V1 comprises 138 code words from grouping G11, from 96 code words of grouping G2 and from 22 code words of grouping G12.Obviously, gather the number of the number of different code words among the V1 less than 8 different information words.

Since from the grouping G2 code word always the back with have from the set V2 code word or from the set V3 code word, in addition, based on follow from the grouping G2 code word after code word, can determine which set is this code word belong to, so, the back with have from the code word of the grouping G2 of the code word of set V2 can be clearly with the back with there being same code word difference to come from the grouping G2 of set V3.In other words, when giving information word code assignment, all can use twice from each code word of grouping G2.Each code word from grouping G2 has formed a kind of unique bit pattern with the random code word from set V2, it and be undivided by the bit pattern that the random code word of this same code word and identity set V3 forms.This means that the 138 kinds of unique bit patterns (code word) from grouping G11,22 kinds of unique bit patterns (code word) of grouping G12 and the unique bit pattern (code word of the grouping G2 that combines with subsequent codewords) of 2x96 kind of grouping G2 all can be used for gathering V1.This just makes the sum of useful unique bit pattern reach 352.The number of the unique bit pattern that is formed by the code word of set V2, V3 and V4 is respectively 352,351 and 415.

Fig. 2 represents record carrier 120 of the present invention for example.Shown record carrier is the record carrier that light can the detection type.But this record carrier can also be a record carrier dissimilar, for example magnetic reading type.This record carrier comprises the information pattern of arranging along information track 121.Fig. 3 represents the part that is significantly enlarged 122 of one of information track 121.Information pattern in the information track part 121 shown in Figure 3 comprises: first 123, and they for example are the optically detectable marks form; And second portion 124, they for example are the zone lines between above-mentioned mark.First and second parts replace along the direction 125 of information track.First 123 presents first kind can detect characteristic, and second portion 124 presents and is different from above-mentioned first kind of second specific character that can detect characteristic.The bit location 12 with a kind of signal level (for example low-signal levels L) of the modulated binary signal 7 of first's 123 expressions.Second portion 124 expressions have the bit location 11 of another signal level (for example high signal level H).Record carrier 12 can provide information pattern to obtain to this record carrier by at first producing modulated signal then.Can the detection type if described record carrier is a light, then can utilize known in essence making mother matrixs and reproduction technology obtain according to modulated signal 7.

Fig. 4 represents the recording unit of recorded information, in this recording unit, has used encoding device of the present invention, recording unit 140 for example shown in Figure 6.In this recording unit, the signal wire that transmits modulated signal is connected with the control circuit 141 of write head 142, but the record carrier 143 of once-type moves along write head 142.Write head 142 is conventional types, can produce the mark with detectable variation on record carrier 143.Control circuit 141 also can be a conventional type, and it can respond the control signal that the modulated signal that acts on control circuit 141 produces write head, and therefore, write head 142 can produce the mark pattern corresponding to this modulated signal.

Fig. 5 has represented to use the readout equipment of for example following decoding equipment 153 of decoding equipment of the present invention.This readout equipment comprises the reading head that is used to read record carrier of the present invention of conventional type, and described record carrier then contains the information pattern corresponding to modulated signal.Reading head 150 produces then and is read out an analog readout signal that 150 information patterns of reading are modulated.Testing circuit 152 is transformed to this read output signal the binary signal that acts on decoding scheme 153 according to common mode.

One embodiment of decoding equipment 153 is made up of the logic array of the reverse functions that can realize encoding function.Utilize coding schedule shown in Figure 7, can come uniquely word to be deciphered by zero the number at two tuple x1x13 observing 15 code word, form by first and the 3rd position of code word on the horizon and last code word end.This reverse functions is expressed as follows with formula (the coding formula of stating as follows):

Bt＝H ^-1(Xt-1，Xt，Xt+1.x1，Xt+1.x3)

Should be pointed out that 9 last bit of observing last code word Xt-1 are just enough.This shows that error propagation is restricted to maximum bytes.Just can easily reduce the logic array that (9+15+2) individual channel bit is converted to 8 user positions by several specific characters of utilizing code.The forward sight of 2 positions (look ahead) is a position (expression state 2 or 3) basically, and the backsight of 9 positions (look-back) can be reduced to 2 positions (

expression state

1,2,3 or 4).So needs (2+15+1) position is to 8 look-up table.

Fig. 6 represents an embodiment that can carry out the encoding device 140 of said method of the present invention.This encoding device is used for a m position information word 1 and is transformed to n bit word 4, and the number of different coding state can be represented with s position.This encoding device comprises the transducer 60 that (m+s+1) individual binary input signal is transformed to (n+s+1) individual binary output signal.From the input end of this transducer m input is connected to the bus 61 that receives m position information word.N output is connected to the bus 62 of output n bit word from the output terminal of this transducer.In addition, s input is connected to the s position bus 63 that receives the status word of representing the present encoding state.Status word is provided by the memory buffer 64 of for example s trigger form.Memory buffer 64 has s the input end that is connected with bus 58, so that receive the status word that will be stored in the memory buffer.In order to export the status word that will be stored in the memory buffer, use s the output terminal that is connected with bus 58 of transducer 60.

Bus 62 with the code word 4 that receives by bus 62 is transformed to will be connected by the parallel-to-series converter 66 that signal wire 67 offers the serial bit string of modulator circuit 68, modulator circuit 68 is transformed to above-mentioned bit string will pass through the modulated signal 7 that signal wire 70 is exported.Modulator circuit 68 can be a conventional type, for example can be so-called mould 2 integrators.

Except that code word and status word, transducer also requires the combination of the information word and the status word information of each reception to bus 75, and this combination is represented:

-for relevant status word, whether give relevant information word this code word or a pair of code assignment,

-being assigned with each code word of code word for these, the variation dDSV of the digital sum value that is caused by this code word is because concerning high signal value, this variation always appears at the place that begins with described code word information corresponding signal section;

The number of " 1 " position is odd number or even number in-the code word.

Select circuit 76 for information is sent to, bus 75 is connected with the input end of selecting circuit 76.This selection circuit calculates the stroke DSV of a part of modulated signal.This part can begin or start with synchronization character in arbitrary moment in the past.In another embodiment, can also partly calculate DSV, but in this case, need storer to keep in possible codeword sequence for future.

Select circuit 76 to produce according to this information and select signal, whether this selection signal indication will be transmitted to the bus 62 because information word of being presented is arranged code word will increase or reduce the DSV value.Above-mentioned selection signal sends transducer 60 to by signal wire 77.So relation of indicating according to the table of Fig. 8 a or come the information converting word just according to the relation that the table of Fig. 8 b is indicated.In addition, according to the present invention, whether the different coding State Selection of the transducer confirmation first kind may.For the table of Fig. 8, this is very suitable to information word 87-255 and state 1 or 4.For the actual code word of other set of the first kind, transducer 60 confirms whether the dk constraint is met.If it is destroyed that the dk constraint does not have, just can select the code word of other set.In this case, according to selecting signal to select employed set.

Transducer 60 can comprise the ROM storer, wherein, stores the codeword table shown in Fig. 8 a or the 8b by the status word of the input end that acts on described transducer and the place, the determined address of combination of information word.Detection signal is responded, select to have address, or select to have address corresponding to the storage unit of the code word of the table of Fig. 8 b corresponding to the storage unit of the code word of the table of Fig. 8 a.For the coding schedule of Fig. 7, can use similar ROM storer, this storer should also comprise the storage unit of " the arbitrarily position " represented with X.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, status word is stored in the storer 60.On the other hand, can utilize gate circuit to come from the code word that is transferred into bus 62, only to obtain status word.

Fig. 7 represents coding schedule of the present invention.The parameter of this example is: d=2, and k=14, ratio=8/15 has suppressed low-frequency component, and error propagation is restricted to maximum bytes.In addition, it has 20 unique bit synchronization patterns, and has only used 4 tables to encode and decipher.

The scrambler of this embodiment is a kind of like this equipment, and this equipment has one 8 input end, an output terminal of one 15 and an internal state, and they all are the functions of (dispersing) time.Principle of operation can be used in calculate and the automation theory field in as everyone knows notion one common finite state machine represent.Can become to have four kinds of states to encoder design.We think that these states connect with the border, and the border identifies with the label that is called code word.The code word of this embodiment is to observe 15 sequence of predetermined dk constraint.Each of above-mentioned four kinds of states is characterised in that, the type of code word that enters given state is as follows:

-2 and 3 the code word of getting the hang of with 2 ..., finish at 8} end " zero "

-4 the code word of getting the hang of with 1,9 ..., finish at 11} end " zero "

Leaving the code word of these states selects promptly by following mode: enter the code word of a state and the link of the code word of leaving a state and observe the dk constraint.For example, leave the code word of state 1 with at least two zero stroke beginnings.Observe above-mentioned stroke constraint from the code word that

state

2 and 3 comes out, but they also observe other constraint.Selected the code word of the state that leaves 3, so its first (msb) position x1 and the 3rd position x3 equal zero.Make the code word of the state of leaving 2 have such feature in the same way, promptly two tuple x1x3 are not equal to 00.Obviously, the set of leaving the code word of

state

2 or 3 does not have common code word, and promptly these two set are disjoint.The attribute of four kinds of states means that any experience steps to state from state moving about all of curve map produces the dk constrained sequence by reading the code word that is tagged to the border that connects each state.

The scrambler curve map is with three set: input, output and state and two logical functions: output function H () and next state function G () define.Scrambler is the function that enters the information word Bt of this scrambler in the certain code word of representing with Xt that moment t transmits, but also depends on the particular state St of this scrambler.Similarly, the NextState of t+1 is the function of Bt and St constantly.Output function H () and next state function G () can be write as

Xt＝H(Bt，St)

St＝G(Bt，St)

These two functions all use four tabulations of 256 projects shown in Figure 7 to describe.Information word 0-255 is shown in first tabulation.Secondary series is given 1 the code word of doing well, and the 3rd row provide next encoding state (Fig. 1,2,3 or 4 represents).Corresponding state S2, S3 and S4 are shown in other tabulation.Encoding state S1 and S4 are the first kind of describing as in the EFM+ document.Encoding state S2 and S3 are second types.Write code word according to the NRZI representation.In preceding 16 row of Fig. 7, (referring to random) represented with " x " in some position.This expression can use 0 or 1 for this position.So, each information word there are two paired code words, they are only had any different a position.Must make the low-frequency component of modulated signal reduce to minimum with this degree of freedom, this be also referred to as DC (direct current) control (DCC).

In the coding schedule of Fig. 7, made among the state S4 from the code word of information word 132 to 255 and the corresponding codewords pairing of state S1.As illustrated, when encoding state S4, can select the code word of S1 to replace the code word of state S4 for DC control.If in V1 and V4, used common code word, just they should be distributed to same information word.The advantage of doing like this can be deciphered code word under the situation of the state that needn't understand foundation uniquely.

Can carry out DC control in two kinds of different modes.At first, if this has expressed the random position in the output table, we can utilize this degree of freedom to make stroke numeral and optimization.Secondly, if if current state be S=4 and for the constraint of the length of stroke of last code word Xt-1 allow to do like this (if promptly Xt-1 and H's (Bt, 1) and put and do not violate dk and retrain).In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, utilized the constraint of G (Bt, 1)=G (Bt, 4) to obtain other characteristics.This has just formed the same code word that conjointly produces successively with current code word.The advantage of making like this is: in the system of which code word with the decision of carrying out DCC that postpone to make one's options, possible sequence flows is only different on (current code word) position.This just makes and calculates easily and reduced the memory requirement that is used for the DCC unit.Select sequence flows alternately with the stroke numeral of coded sequence with reduce to minimum.The power spectrum density of this embodiment as shown in Figure 9.

Add synchronous mode to modulated signal regularly.Definition unique and reliable pattern is one 20 sequence x0010 00,000 00,000 00001.Just before this synchronous mode began, scrambler was in one and determines state, such as s.The actual value of the msb of the synchronous mode of representing with x is controlled as follows by s: if s=2, then x is set to 1, otherwise x=0.After having transmitted synchronous mode, scrambler is predisposed to state 1.

For other coding schedule that under similar constraint, constitutes, when encoding state S1, can also use the paired code word of S4.But, for the table of Fig. 7, because the dk constraint is destroyed, so there is not code word to be used.Can construct the encoding state of the first kind, different code assignment or different code word size m and the different coding schedule of n with different numbers, in this coding schedule, can be with freely selecting the degree of freedom of one of the encoding state of the first kind to improve the low frequency characteristic of modulated signal by being distributed into right code word.

Fig. 8 represents the coding schedule of ratio 8/16.So m=8, n=16, the dk constraint is d=2, k=10.Arrangement such as Fig. 7 of row, but the paired code word of x symbolic representation of no use, but provided master meter and substitution table.Fig. 8 a represents to edit code table, and Fig. 8 b represents the substitution table that information word 0-87 is independent.As described in, can select the code word of substitution table to carry out DC control at the EFM+ of prior art document.In this embodiment, when being in

state

1 or 4, according to the present invention, can be respectively be to select

code word state

4 or 1 from other state of the first kind.Can add other synchronous mode.Thereby having unique pattern, synchronous mode can easily distinguish them, for example by comprising that a series of k+1 the zero k that destroys retrains.After synchronous mode state is reset to predetermined value, for example state 1.

The computer simulation results of the code of Fig. 9 presentation graphs 7.With respect to frequency computation part " power spectrum density ", it is represented as the ratio with bit frequency.Good low frequency characteristic with curve representation 8/15 ratio code.

Claims

One kind comprise information track (121) that material sections is provided but the record carrier (120) of optics type of detection, this material sections comprises along first district (123) that the direction of information track replaces and second district (124), first district (123) has first kind of optics can detect characteristic, second district (124) then has and is different from second kind of optics that this first kind of optics can detect characteristic and can detects characteristic

Described information track comprises a series of continuous material parts (160), and each material is partly represented an information word,

Each described material part (160) expression n bit location in described information track, every bit location has first logical value or second logical value,

Transition between first district (123) and second district (124) represents that described bit location has second logical value,

The part that does not have described transition of described material part (160) represents that described bit location has first logical value,

Belong to material part a predetermined packet of packets (G11, each material part G12) all set up the first kind encoding state (S1 S4), and sets up an information word uniquely,

Each material part that belongs to second grouping (G2) of material part all set up the encoding state of second type (S2 S3), and jointly sets up a unique information word with the subsequent material part,

Described material partly be belong to the encoding state set up (S1, S2, S3, material S4) partly gather (V1, V2, V3, part V4),

At least one material part of second grouping (G2) is relevant with a plurality of information words, and in described information word, the utilization of corresponding information word is distinguished in the logical value of at least one bit location of the pre-position of subsequent material part,

It is characterized in that according to low-frequency component along the described material sections of described information track (121), encoding state (the S1 that continues and set up the first kind, S4) after the material part, immediately following a material part, the encoding state that this material part is set up from belonging to (S1, (V1 is V4) or from the encoding state (S4 that belongs to the encoding state that is different from this first kind in set S4), set S1) (V4, V1).
2. according to the record carrier (120) of claim 1, wherein said predetermined packet of packets (G11, G12) by the first son grouping (G11) and second son grouping (G12) formation,

The described first son grouping (G11) by with have first can detect one of characteristic or at the most the material that finishes of two unit partly constitute, described one or be to have second three to 11 unit that can detect characteristic at the most before two unit, and the described first son grouping (G11) by with have second can detect one of characteristic or at the most the material that finishes of two unit partly constitute, described one or be to have first three to 11 unit that can detect characteristic at the most before two unit

The described second son grouping (G12) is by partly constituting to have the material that finishes first seven to ten unit that can detect characteristic, be to have second three to 11 unit that can detect characteristic before described seven to ten unit, and the described second son grouping (G12) is by partly constituting to have the material that finishes second seven to ten unit that can detect characteristic, be to have first three to 11 unit that can detect characteristic before described seven to ten unit

Described second grouping (G2) is by partly constituting to have the material that finishes first three to six unit that can detect characteristic, be to have second three to 11 unit that can detect characteristic before described three to six unit, and described second grouping (G2) is by partly constituting to have the material that finishes second three to six unit that can detect characteristic, before described three to six unit is to have first three to 11 unit that can detect characteristic.
3. according to the record carrier (120) of claim 2, wherein and then with the back of material part with described second grouping (G2) that finishes first three to six unit that can detect characteristic: with have first one to five material that the unit begins part that can detect characteristic, having second three to 11 materials that the unit the begins parts or the synchronous mode that can detect characteristic, and

Wherein and then with the back of material part with described second grouping (G2) that finishes second three to six unit that can detect characteristic: with have second one to five material that the unit begins part that can detect characteristic, to have first three to 11 materials that the unit the begins parts or the synchronous mode that can detect characteristic.
4. according to the record carrier (120) of claim 1, wherein each first district (123) has the length of d+1 unit at least and the length of k+1 unit at the most in material part, have the length of d+1 unit at least and the length of k+1 unit at the most with each second district (124), d and k are integers.
5. according to the record carrier (120) of claim 4, wherein d=2 and k=10.
6. according to the record carrier (120) of claim 1, wherein n=16, and information word has the m=8 position.
7. record carrier as claimed in claim 1 (120), the sequence of wherein continuous material part (160) comprises the material part of representing synchronous mode.
8. record carrier as claimed in claim 7 (120) represents that wherein the material of synchronous mode partly sets up the predictive encoding state (S1) of the encoding state of the first kind.
But 9. method that is used to make the record carrier of optics type of detection,

This method comprises the steps: to provide the optics detectable label on record carrier, wherein this optics detectable label is represented the information pattern by being the representative modulated signal that produces of modulated signal to the sequence transformation of m position information word,

M is an integer, in the method, all transmit a n bit word for the information word of each reception, n is the integer greater than m, and the code word of being transmitted is transformed to modulated signal, and wherein series of m-bit information words is transformed to codeword sequence according to transformation rule, make corresponding modulated signal satisfy predetermined standard, and wherein code word (4) is distributed at least one first kind grouping and at least one second type packet, and the encoding state of the first kind of being determined by associated packets is set up in the transmission that belongs to each code word of first kind grouping, the transmission that belongs to each code word of second type packet is set up by the encoding state of relevant grouping with second type of being determined by the information word relevant with the code word of being transmitted, and when one of code word is distributed to the information word that receives, just from the codeword set that depends on the encoding state of setting up when transmitting last code word, select this code word, and the codeword set that belongs to the encoding state of second type does not comprise any common code word, wherein second type packet comprises the code word that at least one is relevant with a plurality of information words, corresponding information word can be by detecting incompatible differentiation of respective episode that its subsequent codewords is one of them member in described information word, and said method is characterised in that:

After the encoding state of having set up the first kind, low-frequency component according to modulated signal, under the situation of not violating preassigned, be subordinated in the set of the encoding state of being set up or be subordinated in the set of encoding state of the encoding state that is different from the first kind and select code word; And provide the step of the optics detectable label of expression information pattern to comprise step and the copy step of making stamper.
10. method as claimed in claim 9 wherein provides the step of optics detectable label to comprise the step that increases synchronous mode.
11. being included in, method as claimed in claim 10, the step that wherein increases synchronous mode add the predetermined encoding state (S1) that described synchronous mode presets the encoding state of the first kind afterwards.
12. equipment that is used for recorded information, this equipment comprises: encoding device (140), it comprises and is used for m position information word is transformed to the m of n bit word to n bit changer (60), be used for the n bit word is transformed to the device (66 of modulated signal, 68), and the state apparatus for establishing (60 that is used for when above-mentioned transducer transmits code word, just setting up encoding state, 64), this state apparatus for establishing is set to the grouping (G11 that belongs to the first kind of each transmission, G12) code word is set up the encoding state (S1 of the first kind of being determined by associated packets, S4), and set up by associated packets and encoding state (S2 for the code word of the grouping that belongs to second type (G2) of each transmission by the second definite type of the information word relevant with the code word of transmitting, S3), and described m to n bit changer (60) comprises from depending on encoding state (S1, S2, S3, S4) codeword set (V1, V2, V3, V4) select device in corresponding to the code word of information word, encoding state (the S2 that belongs to second type, S3) codeword set (V2, V3) do not comprise any common code word, at least one code word of the grouping of second type is relevant with a plurality of information words, in described information word, the corresponding information word can be member's wherein incompatible differentiation of respective episode by detecting subsequent codewords, it is characterized in that:

Described equipment comprises such device, this device is being set up the encoding state (S1 of the first kind, S4) afterwards, low-frequency component according to modulated signal, under the situation of not violating preassigned, be subordinated in the set of the encoding state of being set up or be subordinated in the set of encoding state of the encoding state that is different from the first kind and select code word; And but described equipment comprises and is used for going up the device (141,142) of record corresponding to the information pattern of the optics detectable label of modulated signal at the record carrier (143) of optics type of detection.
13. equipment as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, described encoding device comprises and is used to set up the device of stroke digital sum value as the tolerance of low-frequency component, in the scope of a part of modulated signal (7), determine this value, this value representation has the currency of difference of number and the number of the bit location with second value of the bit location of first value concerning this a part of modulated signal, when optional code word has opposite the influence to digital sum value, select this code word so that continue the above-mentioned digital sum value of restriction.
14. equipment as claimed in claim 12, this equipment comprises the device that is used for synchronous mode is joined modulated signal.
15. equipment as claimed in claim 14, the device that wherein is used to increase synchronous mode comprise the device of the encoding state of being scheduled to (S1) of the encoding state that is used for presetting the first kind after adding described synchronous mode.