CN1906329A - 降低翼片上冰粘附力的耐磨涂层 - Google Patents
降低翼片上冰粘附力的耐磨涂层 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种能够单独涂覆应用在翼片表面(12)以增进表面去冰的疏冰性硬质耐磨涂层(10)。该涂层包括功能性顶层(14)，其比翼片表面更硬，并且与水的接触角大。该功能性层含有类金刚石碳状、玻璃状或无定形结构的碳(原子含量＞35％)和氢(原子含量0－40％)，以及结合的硅和氧(原子含量各0.1－40％)。
Description
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求2003年3月3日提交的美国序列号60/451,439的利益和优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及耐磨涂层，具体地说，涉及这样一种涂层：其疏水、疏冰，并且能够应用到翼片上以降低翼片上的冰粘附力。
背景技术
“翼片”定义为设计用来对其移动所通过的空气产生反作用力的任何表面，例如机翼和螺旋桨的前缘和表面。“翼片”还可以包括飞机的机身。
翼片上的冰改变了翼片表面的形状，对翼片的空气动力学带来不利影响。因此，在任何飞机已经或者将要遭遇结冰条件的情况下，在飞行之前需要对翼片表面进行清除，或对翼片表面进行处理。现有的除冰技术需要频繁地对特殊流体或表面活性剂(例如液体化学品/防冻喷雾)进行再涂覆，这有助于短时间内除冰但是最终并不能保护下面的表面。其它现有除冰技术包括机械感应线圈震动除冰器和强制热空气热交换除冰器。还存在使用类似聚四氟乙烯的氟代烃聚合物涂层以降低冰粘附力的专利。
发明内容
提供了能够应用在翼片表面以降低翼片表面上冰粘附力的硬质疏冰性涂层。该涂层具有厚度为大约0.1-10μm的功能性顶层，其可以直接沉积到基材、梯度(或过渡)层和/或粘附性中间层上。功能性顶层比下面的基材更硬(优选硬度在采用纳米压痕法(nanoindentation)测量时为大于大约7GPa)。该功能性层具有低表面能(优选低于大约50mN/m)，并且与水的接触角大(优选大于大约60°)。该功能性层含有类金刚石碳状、玻璃态状或无定形结构的碳(原子含量大于大约35％)和氢(原子含量为大约0-40％)，以及结合的硅和氧(原子含量各为大约0.1-40％)。
该功能性层使用低压等离子体气相沉积技术进行沉积，例如等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)、化学气相沉积(CVD)、物理气相沉积(PVD或“溅射”)和/或反应溅射。目标固体耐磨薄涂层可以被沉积到翼片表面上和/或翼片表面上存在的其它除冰装置上，以降低冰粘附力和下面基材的磨损。
附图说明
该图是应用在翼片表面上的本发明的涂层的剖面图。
具体实施方式
以下的详细说明通过实施例而非限制的方式对本发明进行了举例说明。该说明能够清楚地使本领域技术人员能够实施和使用本发明，并且说明了本发明的几个实施方式、改变、变化、替换和用途，包括目前我们认为本发明的最佳实施方式。另外，应当理解本发明的应用并未被限制在以下说明中所列出或附图中所举例说明的结构和组分排列的具体细节。本发明能够采用其它的实施方式，并且能够以各种方式实行或实施。同样地，应当理解本文所使用的措词和术语是为了说明的目的而不应被视为限制。
我们计划在翼片表面12上使用固体耐磨涂层10保护下面的表面不受磨损(例如腐蚀)和降低冰的粘附力，从而最终降低除冰所需的能量和/或化学品。
涂层10包括厚度为大约0.1μm到大约10μm的功能性顶层14。该功能性顶层可以被直接沉积在基材上。此外，可以向翼片表面12上涂覆中间层16，而功能性顶层14将被涂覆到中间层16上。该中间层可以是梯度(或过渡)层和/或一个或多个粘附性中间层。无论哪种方式，功能性顶层14均可以使用低压等离子体气相沉积技术进行沉积，例如等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)、化学气相沉积(CVD)、物理气相沉积(PVD或“溅射”)和/或反应溅射。
功能性顶层14比下面的基材12更硬。优选功能性顶层14的硬度采用纳米压痕法测量时为大于大约7GPa。该功能性顶层还具有低表面能(优选低于大约50mN/m)，并且与水的接触角大(优选大于大约60°)。
优选功能性顶层14含有碳、氢、硅和氧。碳的原子含量＞35％；氢的原子含量为0-40％；而结合的硅和氧的原子含量各为0.1-40％。碳和氢(如果存在)形成类金刚石碳状、玻璃状或无定形结构。硅和氧结合在碳/氢组成内。
目标固体耐磨薄涂层可以被沉积到翼片表面上和/或其它翼片表面存在的除冰装置上，以降低冰的粘附力和下面基材的磨损。
已发现该功能性顶层是疏冰性的。该固体耐磨薄涂层对冰的粘附性低，因此使得冰或积雪易于从涂层表面除去。由于其化学惰性、高硬度、极好的耐磨性质，该涂层涂覆一次后，即使在苛刻的环境下也具有很长的寿命。如果昂贵的机械和电气除冰装置被硬质疏冰性涂层所保护，其性能可以得到增强。本发明的一个意想不到的结果是，不像常见的氟代烃聚合物那样，目标碳-氢-硅-氧薄膜同时是“疏冰/疏水”和硬质的。过去使用的氟代烃聚合物是“软质”的(因此易磨损/腐蚀)，而且含有不环保的氟。
在不偏离本发明范围的情况下可以对上述结构进行各种改变，这意味着以上说明中所含或附图中所示的所有内容应当被理解为说明性的而非限制的意义。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于降低翼片表面12上冰粘附力的涂层10；所述涂层包括含有碳、氢、硅和氧的功能性顶层14；所述涂层的硬度比该涂层所覆翼片表面的硬度更大并且具有大于大约60°的与水的接触角。
2.权利要求1所述的涂层，其中所述涂层的硬度在通过纳米压痕法测量时，至少为大约7GPa。
3.权利要求1所述的涂层，其中所述涂层的表面能小于大约50mN/m。
4.权利要求1所述的涂层，其中所述功能性顶层14的厚度在大约0.1μm到大约10μm之间。
5. 权利要求1所述的涂层，其中所述功能性顶层是使用低压等离子体气相沉积技术进行沉积的，例如等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)、化学气相沉积(CVD)、物理气相沉积(PVD或“溅射”)和/或反应溅射。
6. 权利要求1所述的涂层，其进一步包括梯度(或过渡)层16和/或在所述翼片表面和所述功能性顶层之间的粘附性中间层。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US45143903P | 2003-03-03 | 2003-03-03 | |
| US60/451,439 | 2003-03-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1906329A true CN1906329A (zh) | 2007-01-31 |
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ID=32962588
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200480005715.0A Pending CN1906329A (zh) | 2003-03-03 | 2004-02-12 | 降低翼片上冰粘附力的耐磨涂层 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060257663A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1601815A2 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2006521204A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1906329A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2004078873A2 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101985250A (zh) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-03-16 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 耐候自洁涂层与其形成方法 |
| CN111204462A (zh) * | 2018-11-21 | 2020-05-29 | 古德里奇公司 | 被动式防结冰和/或除冰系统 |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005093300A1 (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2005-10-06 | Waters Investments Limited | Valve with low friction coating |
| DE102005007825B4 (de) | 2005-01-10 | 2015-09-17 | Interpane Entwicklungs-Und Beratungsgesellschaft Mbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer reflexionsmindernden Beschichtung, reflexionsmindernde Schicht auf einem transparenten Substrat sowie Verwendung einer derartigen Schicht |
| US8245981B2 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2012-08-21 | General Electric Company | Ice shed reduction for leading edge structures |
| DE102008022039A1 (de) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-05 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verschleißschutzbeschichtung für auf Reibung beanspruchte Oberflächen von Bauteilen sowie Verfahren zur Ausbildung |
| US7992823B2 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2011-08-09 | General Electric Company | Ice shed reduction for leading edge structures |
| JP2009298198A (ja) * | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-24 | Shinmaywa Industries Ltd | 防除氷装置 |
| DE102009024320B4 (de) | 2009-06-03 | 2012-11-08 | Gesellschaft zur Förderung von Medizin-, Bio- und Umwelttechnologien e.V. | Beschichtungen mit eisabweisenden und gefrierpunktsenkenden Eigenschaften, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Verwendung |
| WO2011014414A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Rotary shear injector valve with coated stator surface |
| JP5433897B2 (ja) * | 2009-10-22 | 2014-03-05 | 好孝 光田 | ダイヤモンドライクカーボン皮膜形成部材及びその製造方法 |
| KR101524063B1 (ko) | 2010-03-03 | 2015-05-29 | 다이요 가가쿠 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 비정질 탄소막으로 이루어지는 층에의 고정화 방법 및 적층체 |
| GB2483672B (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2017-01-18 | Ge Aviat Systems Ltd | Propeller blades having icephobic coating |
| US9309781B2 (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2016-04-12 | General Electric Company | Heated booster splitter plenum |
| US8851858B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2014-10-07 | Ge Aviation Systems Limited | Propeller blades having icephobic coating |
| DE102013200272A1 (de) * | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-10 | Kässbohrer Geländefahrzeug AG | Hydrophobiertes Kraftfahrzeugbauteil für Pistenpflegefahrzeuge, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines hydrophobierten Kraftfahrzeugbauteils und Pistenpflegefahrzeug mit einem hydrophobierten Kraftfahrzeugbauteil |
| US20140272166A1 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-18 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Coating system for improved leading edge erosion protection |
| NL2010504C2 (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2014-09-24 | Estuary Holding B V | Use of ice-phobic coatings. |
| EP3289039A4 (en) | 2015-04-27 | 2018-10-17 | The Regents of The University of Michigan | Durable icephobic surfaces |
| US11965112B2 (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2024-04-23 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Anti-icing surfaces exhibiting low interfacial toughness with ice |
| US10578637B2 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2020-03-03 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Integration of low ice adhesion surface coatings with air data probes |
| US11157717B2 (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2021-10-26 | Next Biometrics Group Asa | Thermally conductive and protective coating for electronic device |
| BR102020014971A2 (pt) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-02-01 | Destinar Distribuidora Ltda | Processo de obtenção e deposição de pelo menos uma camada de revestimento tridimensional com carbono tipo diamante (dlc) à baixa pressão em superfícies metálicas e não metálicas |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5736249A (en) * | 1994-08-16 | 1998-04-07 | Decora, Incorporated | Non-stick polymer-coated articles of manufacture |
| DE19745621C1 (de) * | 1997-10-16 | 1998-11-19 | Daimler Benz Aerospace Airbus | Verfahren zur Enteisung von einer Eisbildung ausgesetzten Flächen an Luftfahrzeugen |
| US6447891B1 (en) * | 1999-05-03 | 2002-09-10 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Low-E coating system including protective DLC |
| US6919536B2 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2005-07-19 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Vehicle window with ice removal structure thereon |
-
2004
- 2004-02-12 JP JP2006508724A patent/JP2006521204A/ja active Pending
- 2004-02-12 EP EP04710627A patent/EP1601815A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-02-12 WO PCT/US2004/004179 patent/WO2004078873A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-02-12 CN CN200480005715.0A patent/CN1906329A/zh active Pending
- 2004-02-12 US US10/547,576 patent/US20060257663A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101985250A (zh) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-03-16 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 耐候自洁涂层与其形成方法 |
| CN101985250B (zh) * | 2009-07-29 | 2013-08-28 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 耐候自洁涂层与其形成方法 |
| CN111204462A (zh) * | 2018-11-21 | 2020-05-29 | 古德里奇公司 | 被动式防结冰和/或除冰系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2004078873A2 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
| WO2004078873A3 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
| US20060257663A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
| EP1601815A2 (en) | 2005-12-07 |
| JP2006521204A (ja) | 2006-09-21 |
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