CN1901437A - Communication system duplexer and multiplexer and duplexer and multiplexer method - Google Patents
Communication system duplexer and multiplexer and duplexer and multiplexer method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This invention discloses a duplexer and a multiplexer of the communication system and a method to realize them on a PCB circuit, which applies a 3db bridge and a low pass filter to constitute a hopstreet duplexer without waste band channels, in which, the signals are shunted and combined by the design of the circuit structure and power distribution of the 3-db bridge and phase offset function, the band filter of the low pass filter and the reflection function of a stopband to make up of a costless duplexer in theory to merge the two channels of different frequencies and reduce loss to increase volume and working bandwidth, then a multiplexer is formed by cascading multiple duplexers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication equipment, particularly the multiplexer of communication system and duplexer closes the road bypass technology.
Background technology
Along with the development of wireless mobile communications, the user has proposed more and more higher requirement to the speed and the service quality of radio communication, the develop rapidly that mobile communication technology also makes rapid progress.The development in each generation all is the breakthrough of technology and the innovation of idea.Simulation and frequency division multiple access (FrequencyDivision Multiple Access since the eighties in 20th century, be called for short " FDMA ") technology, to the initial stage nineties second generation (2rdGeneration, be called for short " 2G ") time division multiple access (Time Division Multiple Access, be called for short " TDMA ") and code division multiple access (Code Division Multiple Access, be called for short " CDMA ") technology, and 3-G (Generation Three mobile communication system) instantly (3G) can provide wideer frequency band, transporting speech not only, can also transmitting high speed data, thus wireless application fast and easily is provided.Yet 3-G (Generation Three mobile communication system) still is based on the regional communication system that ground standard differs, although its transmission rate can be up to 2Mb/s, but still can't satisfy the requirement of multimedia communication, and the research of back 3G or 4G is arisen at the historic moment thereupon.
The demand of future mobile communications development is mainly reflected in the following aspects: the seamless process of the network coverage, and promptly the user can both realize the access of network at any time and any place; Broadband is an inexorable trend of future communications development, and the network arrowband, low speed can be replaced by broadband network gradually; Convergence is obviously accelerated, and comprising: technological incorporation, the network integration, integrated services.Data rate is more and more higher, and spectral bandwidth is more and more wideer, and frequency range is more and more higher, and coverage distance is shorter and shorter; Intelligent Terminal is more and more higher, provides condition created and realization means for various new business.Also develop in opposite directions from both direction in addition, increase data service at mobile network, such as the appearance of enhancement techniques the data rate of mobile network is increased gradually, superpose on original mobile network, covering can be continuous; The professional mobility that increases of fixed data improves data rate such as the appearance of WLAN (wireless local area network) technology such as (Wireless Local Area Network are called for short " WLAN "), and the coverage of fixed network enlarges gradually, and mobility increases gradually.
In recent years, popularizing of the development of various mobile communication technologies and mobile communication equipment greatly increased the demand of mobile communication business.Comprise demands of applications and growth such as bluetooth equipment, wlan device and mobile phone, all impel the dealer more and more to pay close attention to radio frequency (Radio Frequency is called for short " RF ") circuit design and application.Radio frequency is meant the frequency band that is generally used for radio communication, and the RF circuit is exactly the circuit that is operated in radiation frequency, and with respect to the radio circuit design is the baseband circuit design.The baseband circuit design is generally common numeral, the design of low frequency analog circuit, more pays attention to the realization of algorithm, function.Radio circuit is then paid attention to the band operation performance, as loss, bandwidth, impedance etc.See that on system interface radio circuit is near antenna, digital signal is launched on antenna by radio circuit after treatment at baseband circuit, and is then opposite in the time of reception.
The design of radio circuit is as electromagnetic interference (Electromagnetic Interference, abbreviation " EMI "), electromagnetic compatibility (Electromagnetic Compatibility, abbreviation " EMC ") problem is the same, is the difficult parts of controlling of circuit engineering teachers always.Though the radio circuit design also has a lot of uncertain in theory, and the many rules that can follow are also arranged.Radio circuit design problem comprises: impedance and impedance matching, insulating layer material and plywood, wavelength and harmonic wave etc.Radio frequency integrated circuit (Radiative Frequency Integrate Circuits is called for short " RFIC ") technology rapid development makes radio circuit largely can be integrated in the chip and realizes in recent years, has greatly made things convenient for the design of radio circuit.Yet the range of application of integrated circuit is limitation very also, can't or be difficult in the integrated circuit such as the assembly of a lot of conventional radio frequency circuit and realizes.
Little band (mictrostrip) circuit engineering is the designing technique that proposes a kind of radio frequency circuit board and antenna the seventies in 20th century.Microstrip circuit has advantages such as design is convenient, performance is good, volume is little, production cost is low with respect to the conventional radio frequency circuit, is more and more adopted by the radio circuit worker.So-called microstrip line is meant the circuit that has the sheet metal formation of certain width at a slice thickness above the thin-medium sheet of wavelength, and the bottom surface of medium is the metal level of ground connection often.The shape of microstrip line, size, trend have all determined frequency characteristic, impedance operator and the matching properties of this circuit.The principle of transmitting on microstrip line according to electromagnetic wave during the design microstrip circuit, the parameters such as size of design microstrip line are to obtain the purpose characteristic.
In radio communication and even wired band communication, multiplexer (multiplex) or duplexer (duplex) are the key components of radio circuit.So-called multiplexer closes the road on the way with regard to being meant signal with different channels, and the signal that is about to conversely mix is split up into two-way.Modal is the multiplexer that frequency band closes the road, and such as in frequency division multiplexing communication system, the signal demand of different frequency bands channel closes on Lu Zaiyi the antenna to be launched, and perhaps accepts back filtering from antenna and obtains the signal of frequency band separately.Duplexer just is meant two paths of signals is closed the road assembly of (along separate routes).The performance index of multiplexer mainly comprise power consumption, bandwidth and stopband attenuation and pass band damping, passband stopband interval width etc.
Obviously, multiplexer is very common and very crucial in the radio circuit of wireless communication system.The performance of multiplexer will directly influence the communication performance of whole system.Lifting that the demand growth of various mobile communication businesses, communication performance is required along with current people and the increasing that realizes technical difficulty, radio frequency infrastructure component technology such as multiplexer also need the moving network of image drift to update to improve equally accordingly could support mobile communication system of new generation, to satisfy people's demand.
Traditional multiplex (MUX)/duplexer closes road multiplex's scheme with resonance filter and realizes, adopts the structure of a plurality of resonator filter parallel connections.Its median filter is realized with the microwave resonator filter, as quarter-wave long air coaxial cavity resonator commonly used.Fig. 1 shows and adopts resonator filter to close the multiplexer operation principle on road.The loss ratio of this scheme is less, and relevant with used coaxial cavity resonator volume, material, process of surface treatment, volume lossy more is more little.Actual value is about 1 decibel.But because the resonator, the filter member that are adopted are that the conventional radio frequency device is such as coaxial cavity resonator, its volume weight is big, manufacturing is complicated, cost is higher, and stability is not high, can't be at printed circuit board (Print CircuitBoard, be called for short " PCB ") go up and realize, particularly use on the portable mobile termianl at mobile communication equipment and have limitation.
The fast development of wireless communication system requires that the feedback system capacity is bigger on the same day, can overloading frequently, the multiband antenna-feedback system is shared, so that reduce cost and installing space; Require loss little simultaneously, cost performance is high.The scheme that resonance filter shown in Figure 1 closes the road can't reach requirement aspect a lot, press for novel multiplex (MUX) and close the road designing technique and satisfy new demand.
In actual applications, there is following problem in such scheme: volume is big on the whole, cost is high, unstable and be difficult in PCB and go up and realize.And, can not realize synthetic duplex of multisystem and cost height flexibly because the general passband of wherein using of band pass filter is narrower.In addition, this scheme must combine the function that could realize multisystem mixing to the technology of low pass filter, high pass filter and various ways such as band pass filter, band stop filter under a lot of occasions, and to realize the function that Insertion Loss is little such as band pass filter etc., its volume will be very big, can't realize with the microstrip circuit technology.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of communication system duplexer and multiplexer and duplexing multiplex's method, make duplexer and multiplexer to realize on the PCB circuit, and volume is little, loss is little, cost is low, capacity is big.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of communication system duplexer, dividing trackside is the channel of first, second two different frequency bands, this duplexer comprises two three decibels electric bridges, two filters, wherein the three decibels electric bridge is used for along separate routes or closes the road, and filter is used to transmit the signal by first band channel, the signal that second band channel is returned in reflection;
Divide trackside first band channel to insert the port (101) of three decibels electric bridge (10), its port (103), port (104) insert first port of filter (30), filter (40) respectively;
Divide trackside second band channel to insert three decibels electric bridge (20) port (201), its port (203), port (204) insert second port of filter (30), filter (40) respectively;
Port (202) in three decibels electric bridge (20) is to close the trackside channel after first band channel and second band channel are closed the road.
Wherein, described three decibels electric bridge two-way operation, its first port input signal is exported at the 3rd, the 4th port, and power all reduces by 3 decibels and phase place the 4th port the 3rd port 90 degree that lag behind; Its second port input signal is exported at the 3rd, the 4th port, and power all reduces by 3 decibels and phase place the 3rd port the 4th port 90 degree that lag behind; Its 3rd port input signal is in the output of first, second port, and power all reduces by 3 decibels and phase place second port first port, 90 degree that lag behind; Its 4th port input signal is in the output of first, second port, and power all reduces by 3 decibels and phase place first port second port, 90 degree that lag behind.
In addition, signal is in second port output of first port input back or in first port output of second port input back in the described filter two-way operation, passband, and signal returns in second or first port input back total reflection in the stopband;
Frequency range, the stopband that the passband of the described filter that wherein said electric bridge filter plexer is comprised comprises its minute trackside first band channel comprises the frequency range of its minute trackside second band channel.
In addition, when the frequency range of described minute trackside first band channel was lower than the frequency range of described minute trackside second band channel, described filter can be realized by low pass filter;
When the frequency range of described minute trackside first band channel was higher than the frequency range of described minute trackside second band channel, described filter can be realized by high pass filter.
In addition, the port (202) of described three decibels electric bridge (10) connects power absorption load (50), is used to mate the impedance between three decibels electric bridge (10) port.
In addition, described three decibels electric bridge, filter are realized on printed circuit board by microstrip circuit.
The present invention also provides a kind of communication system multiplexer, divide trackside to be at least three different frequency bands channels, described multiplexer comprises at least two duplexers, these duplexer cascades realize dividing the road of closing of trackside channel, wherein, each duplexer of the previous stage of cascade structure close the trackside channel as cascade structure after one-level a road divide the trackside channel, divide trackside channels to begin to close road two path channels behind the described duplexer of every process from all and be one the tunnel, to the last obtain one the tunnel and close the trackside channel.
Wherein,, comprise at least two described duplexers when minute trackside during at least three different frequency bands channels,
Wherein said duplexer number lacks one than described minute trackside different frequency bands channel number;
The described duplexer of each of the cascade structure first order is respectively applied for the initial minute adjacent trackside channel of two-way frequency band that closes the road correspondence, obtain closing the trackside channel as partial minute trackside channel of cascade structure, when the trackside total number of channels was odd number in initial minute, remains one the tunnel and do not close the initial minute trackside channel on road directly as partial minute trackside channel of cascade structure;
In the second level of cascade structure in penultimate stage, the described duplexer of each of cascade structure previous stage is respectively applied for the adjacent branch trackside channel of two-way frequency band that closes the road correspondence, obtain closing the branch trackside channel of trackside channel as the cascade structure next stage, when previous stage when along separate routes the side total number of channels is odd number, remain one tunnel branch trackside channel that does not close the road directly as the branch trackside channel of cascade structure next stage;
The cascade structure afterbody comprises a described duplexer, closes to obtain one the tunnel behind the road and finally close the trackside channel.
The present invention also provides a kind of communication system duplex path combining method, comprises following steps:
Divide trackside first band signal to be divided into the two paths of signals that the power same phase differs from 90 degree by three decibels electric bridge (10), insert port (203) and (204) of three decibels electric bridge (20) respectively by filter (30) and (40), disappear mutually at port (201) power, whole power of first band signal are exported at port (202);
Divide trackside second band signal by three minutes electric bridge (20) port (201) input after be divided into power and reduce the two paths of signals that 3dB phase difference 90 is spent, enter port (203) and (204) of three decibels electric bridge (20) respectively by the total reflection of filter (30) and (40), disappear mutually at port (201) power, whole power of second band signal and whole power of first band signal close the road and export at port (202).
The present invention also provides a kind of communication system duplex to divide path method, comprises following steps:
The trackside signal that closes that contains first, second band signal is divided into the two-way that the power same phase differs from 90 degree behind port (202) the input three decibels electric bridge (20) and closes the road signal;
The signal that described two-way closes first frequency band in the signal of road is imported three decibels electric bridge (10) by filter (30) and (40), disappears mutually in the signal power of port (102) two-way first frequency band, and whole power of first band signal are exported at port (101);
Described two-way closes the filtered device of signal (30) and (40) reflected back three decibels electric bridge (20) of second frequency band in the signal of road, disappears mutually in the signal power of port (202) two-way second frequency band, and whole power of second band signal are exported at port (201).
The present invention also provides a kind of communication system multiplex's method, and the branch trackside is at least three different frequency bands channels, and the road of closing with at least two duplexer cascades realize branch trackside channel comprises following steps,
In the first order of cascade structure, it is that a road of this grade closes the trackside channel that each described duplexer divides the trackside channel to close the road two-way at first, and divides the trackside channel as partial one the tunnel;
To penultimate stage, it is that a road of this grade closes the trackside channel that the two-way that each described duplexer will this level divides the trackside channel to close the road, and divides the trackside channel as a road of next stage in the second level of cascade structure;
In the level last of cascade structure, the two-way that described duplexer will this level divides the trackside channel to close the Lu Weiyi road finally to close the trackside channel.
By relatively finding, the main distinction of technical scheme of the present invention and prior art is, adopt three decibels electric bridge, low pass filter to constitute the duplexer that lossless band channel is closed the road, the wherein design by circuit structure and utilize the power division of three decibels electric bridge and phase deviation function that each road signal is carried out shunt and combination, utilize band filter and theoretical duplexer that does not have consumption of stopband reflection function associating three decibels bridge configuration of low pass filter, make the channel of two-way different frequency close the road, the loss of reduction, raising capacity and bandwidth of operation;
On the basis of above-mentioned design,, make designed duplexer on the PCB circuit board, to realize, thereby realize that volume is little, cost is low, the characteristics of good stability with microstrip line because the microstrip circuit technology can be used in design three decibels electric bridge and low pass filter;
On the basis of above-mentioned duplexer, multiplexer with same advantage is realized on the road of closing of adopting the structure of the duplexer cascade of a plurality of different passband thresholdings to realize multichannel different frequency channel, and its loss is low, capacity big, bandwidth, cost are low.
Difference on this technical scheme, brought comparatively significantly beneficial effect, promptly because the special construction of this conceptual design, make three decibels electric bridge and low pass filter can make up the realization duplexer, cascade by duplexer realizes multiplexer again, reduce the wastage, raising capacity and bandwidth, and utilize microstrip circuit to realize three decibels electric bridge and low pass filter, make multiplex (MUX)/duplexer on the PCB circuit, to realize, improve the cost performance of multiplexer radio circuit greatly, it is little to the volume of radio circuit to satisfy the current wireless communication system, loss is low, cost is low, requirements such as good stability, thereby the development of support of wireless communication system, the prosperity in promotion mobile communication market.
Description of drawings
The existing resonator, filter multiplexer of Fig. 1 operation principle schematic diagram;
The electric bridge filter plexer system block diagram of Fig. 2 first embodiment of the invention;
The multiplexer system block diagram of Fig. 3 cascade structure second embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The present invention is based on microstrip circuit basis device: three decibels electric bridge and low pass filter, adopt special project organization, make the branch path channels of different frequency bands can close the road transmission, realize the microstrip circuit duplexer, be called the electric bridge filter plexer.Mainly utilize the power shunt of electric bridge and the frequency of phase place spinfunction and low pass filter to select to pass through and function of reflecting, adopted two electric bridges and filter to realize duplex capability.Adopt the thinking of multistage duplexer cascade further to realize the multiplexer function, thereby realize multiplexer, not only solved shortcomings such as traditional multiplex's device volume is big, reduced loss, improved stability based on microstrip circuit.
First execution mode of the present invention provides the realization principle of elementary cell electric bridge filter plexer, and this duplexer can solve the problem that two path channels close the road.The elementary cell of electric bridge filter plexer is that two little band three decibels electric bridges and two low pass filters are formed.Fig. 2 shows the basic structure block diagram of electric bridge filter plexer.
At first introduce the fundamental characteristics of little band three decibels electric bridge, the three decibels electric bridge has 1,2,3,4 four port, wherein 1,2 is also referred to as first, second port of left side, and 3,4 become first, second port of right side.When port match was worked, the three decibels electric bridge had following feature: the signal of port one input is exported identical signal respectively at port 3,4, but power all reduces by 3 decibels (energy in half), phase lag signal 90 degree of its middle port 4 outputs.And opposite under the situation of port 2 input, phase lag signal 90 degree of port 3 outputs, promptly offside over against port lead directly to, tiltedly right port then phase place is wanted quadrature lagging, power all reduces by 3 decibels, therefore is called three decibels electric bridge (bridge), is also referred to as blender (hybrid).This device is bi-directional symmetrical work, therefore from port 3,4 inputs same performance is arranged also conversely.
Next introduces the performance of low pass filter, this device also is bi-directional symmetrical work, signal from any side input, when frequency be lower than its cut frequency (promptly in free transmission range) then signal can can't harm by arriving opposite side, otherwise if frequency be higher than its cut frequency (promptly in stopband range) then the signal total reflection directly return, can't arrive opposite side, all energy reflection is returned, and direction is transmitted on the contrary.
See the structure among Fig. 2 again, duplexer left side two-way divides path channels, relatively just be divided into low-frequency band channel and high frequency band channel according to its frequency, wherein the low-frequency band channel is input to the port one 01 of three decibels electric bridge (abbreviation electric bridge) 10, according to the electric bridge characteristic, in the port one 03,104 of electric bridge 10 the output low frequency half-power of taking a message, two subchannels of phase phasic difference 90 degree respectively, be input to low pass filter 30 and 40 more respectively.The passband of this low pass filter comprises the low-frequency band channel, therefore export two-way low-frequency band subchannel at the opposite side of low pass filter, be input to the port 203,204 of electric bridge 20 then, wherein the port one 03 of one tunnel process electric bridge 10 is exported the port 203 of input bridge 20 again, this subchannels is in port 201,202 outputs of electric bridge 20 like this, phase lag signal 0 degree of its middle port 201 outputs, and port 202 output phase quadrature laggings; And another road is spent in the port 201 output phases hysteresis 180 of electric bridge 20 behind the port 204 of port one 04 input bridge 20 of electric bridge 10, and port 202 output phase quadrature laggings.The subchannel that two-way power is the same differs 180 degree at port 201 output phases of electric bridge 20 like this, cancels out each other inactivity output; And differ 0 degree at port 202 output phases of electric bridge 20, and power all reduces by 6 decibels than input, and because two paths of signals is with superimposed, amplitude doubles, and power increases by 4 times, increases by 6 decibels, and so identical with input signal, power loss is 0.
See that again the high frequency band channel is input to the port 201 of electric bridge 20, port 203,204 two subchannels that power output reduces by half respectively, phase phasic difference 90 is spent at electric bridge 20, after being input to low pass filter 30,40, because its high frequency band is in stopband, so the port 203,204 of electric bridge 20 is got back in total reflection.At this moment, wherein one the road return again from port 203 output, at port 201 output phases of electric bridge 20 0 degree that lags behind, and port 202 output phase quadrature laggings; Another road is returned from port 204, at port 201 output phases hysteresis 180 degree of electric bridge 20, and at port 202 output phase quadrature laggings.In like manner, the high frequency band channel is in the output of the port 201 of electric bridge 20 also inactivity, and exports for total power at port 202, and is lossless.
The port 202 of electric bridge 20 is and closes the path channels output like this, leads to antenna.Be input as example to close the trackside signal among Fig. 2, device all has reciprocity because circuit reaches wherein, can two-way equivalence work, therefore conversely from closing trackside input mixed signal, promptly be two paths of signals output along separate routes through duplexer, only the direction of arrow among the figure all need be made oppositely to be into the operation principle of this situation, repeat no more here.
The key of noticing this invention is to utilize the phase place deflection of electric bridge and the function of filter, wherein the required satisfied function of low pass filter is that signal with the low-frequency band channel passes through, the channel reflection of high frequency band is returned, therefore also low pass filter not necessarily here, such as also can being high-pass filtering, the high frequency band channel is passed through, the low-frequency band channel reflection, and the location swap that divides the trackside high and low frequency to take a message gets final product.As seen, the essential function of filter is by the frequency band of a path channels wherein (in the passband), and reflects the frequency band (in the stopband) on another road, and frequency band should be placed on corresponding position and inserts.But general low pass filter is more common, so this duplexer also makes electric bridge hang down the general formula duplexer.
In addition; a bit need to prove in addition; therefore electric bridge has symmetry among Fig. 2 only needs two interconnective port unanimities of electric bridge; can guarantee the duplexer operate as normal; such as also can be with the port 201 of the electric bridge among Fig. 2 20; 202 exchange; port 203; 204 exchange and do not influence function and realize; or the port one 01 of the electric bridge among Fig. 2 10 and 103 exchanged; port one 02; 104 exchange; or the port 201 of the electric bridge among Fig. 2 20 and 203 exchanged; port 202; 204 exchanges all do not influence function and realize that similarly these execution modes are all within protection scope of the present invention.
Notice, when the design duplexer, need with reference to the frequency band range that closes path channels, the passband stopband of the low pass filter desired bin width of working frequency range of the branch trackside low-and high-frequency band of the duplexer at the concrete place of basis at interval decides concrete interval, and its largest interval is the poor of working band.According to engineering experience, generally require low pass frequency range loss very little (as 0.2 decibel), stopband to be suppressed at more than 30 decibels.
As previously mentioned, embodiment of the present invention biggest advantage is that each assembly can realize with stripline technique, can realize on the PCB circuit board, has that volume is little, installing space is little, in light weight, good stability.Notice that the theoretical power (horse-power) loss of closing the road in the said structure is 0, power consumption can be controlled within 1 decibel in actual applications, therefore has the little advantage of power consumption, and this is extremely important for portable mobile apparatus.Need to prove that the content with the specific implementation method of microstrip line design electric bridge and filter is well known to those skilled in the art repeats no more here.
Second execution mode of the present invention is on the basis of first execution mode, with the method realization multiplexer of duplexer cascade.Begin each duplexer from the first order and can close the road two paths of signals, the closing the road signal and will be continued to close the road of upper level at next stage, to the last one-level is combined into one the tunnel.
When minute trackside during at least three different frequency bands channels, cascade structure comprises at least two duplexers, and the duplexer number is at least branch trackside different frequency bands channel number and subtracts one;
Each duplexer of the cascade structure first order is respectively applied for the adjacent branch trackside channel of two-way frequency band that closes the road correspondence, obtain closing the trackside channel as partial minute trackside channel of cascade structure, when a minute trackside total number of channels is odd number, remains one the tunnel and do not close the branch trackside channel on road directly as partial minute trackside channel of cascade structure;
In the second level of cascade structure in penultimate stage, each duplexer of cascade structure previous stage is respectively applied for the adjacent branch trackside channel of two-way frequency band that closes the road correspondence, obtain closing the branch trackside channel of trackside channel as the cascade structure next stage, when previous stage when along separate routes the side total number of channels is odd number, remain one tunnel branch trackside channel that does not close the road directly as the branch trackside channel of cascade structure next stage;
The cascade structure afterbody comprises a duplexer, closes to obtain one the tunnel behind the road and finally close the trackside channel.
Close road multiplexer operation principle as what Fig. 3 provided that GSM450, GSM800, GSM900, GSM1800, WCDMA five tunnel divide the trackside channel.Comprising the low general formula duplexer (abbreviation duplexer) of four electric bridges all realizes with microstrip circuit, wherein the frequency range that is spaced apart two input systems of this duplexer of the passband of the Microstrip Low-Pass of each duplexer and stopband at interval, be the 1880-1920MHz bandwidth as the interval of the uplink band that is spaced apart GSM1800 band downlink and WCDMA of the passband of the Microstrip Low-Pass of duplexer 2 and stopband: this is meant that bandwidth of operation also is meant the span of spacing frequency.By-path principle when sense is acknowledge(ment) signal conversely among the figure.
The first order comprises duplexer 1 and duplexer 2 among the figure, and wherein duplexer 1 closes road GSM450 and GSM800, and its low pass filter cut frequency is between GSM450 and GSM800, and in like manner duplexer 2 closes road GSM1800 and WCDMA.When the second level, GSM900, and duplexer 1,2 close path channels, what duplexer 3 closed road duplexer 1 closes path channels and GSM900, its filter cut-off frequencies is between GSM900 and GSM800, afterbody closes the path channels that closes that closes path channels and duplexer 2 of road duplexer 3 by duplexer 3, and its filter cut-off frequencies is between GSM900 and GSM1800.In fact, the duplexer of above-mentioned each grade distributes and can change, and each duplexer that only need satisfy each grade all closes the road adjacent channel of two-way frequency band separately, just can guarantee can divide the trackside channel to close the Lu Weiyi road all at last.
Because duplexer adopts the method for low-pass filtering, has the wideband operation advantage, multiplexer among Fig. 3 belongs to the system of wideband operation, dividing the concrete working frequency points in five channel bands of trackside is arbitrarily, it is little to close road (duplex) loss simultaneously, mainly be the loss that little band loss and three decibels electric bridge passband fluctuation bring, can accomplish below 1 decibel.Owing to realize with microstrip circuit, whole module adopts the printed circuit board (pcb) technology, and whole unit volume and cost are all less than closing the road duplex system with a plurality of coaxial cavity resonator filters realizations.
Several key performances of above-mentioned multiplexer are as follows: for multiplex's loss, adopting the loss theoretical value of the personal mobile communication system multiplexer that the microstrip circuit of above-mentioned design realizes is 0 decibel, promptly lossless, and the module of actual design and use is considered the loss of three decibels electric bridge supplementary load loss and low pass filter, generally can accomplish to be no more than 1 decibel; For the working frequency range width, because three decibels electric bridge, low pass filter, load are the wideband operation parts, working carrier frequency does not need fixedly to be selected near which frequency, so this multiplexer device is a wideband operation; For cost and volume, because multiplexer adopts the PCB circuit, so module can be done for a short time and cost is not high, does not have to adopt merely the high shortcoming of large scale, cost of various filters cascade.In a word, this module can either realize little loss multiband work, (multiplex (MUX)), can reduce volume again and reduce cost of manufacture, and plurality of advantages can satisfy present mobile communication technology development need.
The multiplexer of the mentality of designing exploitation that the utilization this patent provides has overcome the bulky shortcoming of multiplexer of common filter type, and cost is low simultaneously, debugging is simple, therefore as the multiplexer of the shared antenna-feedback system of multiband system, has the very big market using value.
Though pass through with reference to some of the preferred embodiment of the invention, the present invention is illustrated and describes, but those of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that and can do various changes to it in the form and details, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. communication system duplexer, it is characterized in that, dividing trackside is the channel of first, second two different frequency bands, this duplexer comprises two three decibels electric bridges, two filters, wherein the three decibels electric bridge is used for along separate routes or closes the road, and filter is used to transmit the signal by first band channel, the signal that second band channel is returned in reflection;
Divide trackside first band channel to insert the port (101) of three decibels electric bridge (10), its port (103), port (104) insert first port of filter (30), filter (40) respectively;
Divide trackside second band channel to insert three decibels electric bridge (20) port (201), its port (203), port (204) insert second port of filter (30), filter (40) respectively;
Port (202) in three decibels electric bridge (20) is to close the trackside channel after first band channel and second band channel are closed the road.
2. communication system duplexer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described three decibels electric bridge two-way operation, and its first port input signal is exported at the 3rd, the 4th port, and power all reduces by 3 decibels and phase place the 4th port the 3rd port 90 degree that lag behind; Its second port input signal is exported at the 3rd, the 4th port, and power all reduces by 3 decibels and phase place the 3rd port the 4th port 90 degree that lag behind; Its 3rd port input signal is in the output of first, second port, and power all reduces by 3 decibels and phase place second port first port, 90 degree that lag behind; Its 4th port input signal is in the output of first, second port, and power all reduces by 3 decibels and phase place first port second port, 90 degree that lag behind.
3. communication system duplexer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, signal is in second port output of first port input back or in first port output of second port input back in the described filter two-way operation, passband, and signal returns in second or first port input back total reflection in the stopband;
Frequency range, the stopband that the passband of the described filter that wherein said electric bridge filter plexer is comprised comprises its minute trackside first band channel comprises the frequency range of its minute trackside second band channel.
4. communication system duplexer according to claim 3 is characterized in that, when the frequency range of described minute trackside first band channel was lower than the frequency range of described minute trackside second band channel, described filter can be realized by low pass filter;
When the frequency range of described minute trackside first band channel was higher than the frequency range of described minute trackside second band channel, described filter can be realized by high pass filter.
5. communication system duplexer according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the port (202) of described three decibels electric bridge (10) connects power absorption load (50), is used to mate the impedance between three decibels electric bridge (10) port.
6. according to the communication system duplexer described in the claim 5, it is characterized in that described three decibels electric bridge, filter are realized on printed circuit board by microstrip circuit.
7. communication system multiplexer, it is characterized in that, divide trackside to be at least three different frequency bands channels, described multiplexer comprises at least two duplexers, these duplexer cascades realize dividing the road of closing of trackside channels, wherein, each duplexer of the previous stage of cascade structure close the trackside channel as cascade structure after one-level a road divide the trackside channel, dividing trackside channels to begin to close road two path channels behind the described duplexer of every process from all is one the tunnel, to the last obtains one the tunnel and close the trackside channel.
8. communication system multiplexer according to claim 7 is characterized in that, when minute trackside during at least three different frequency bands channels, comprises at least two described duplexers,
Wherein said duplexer number lacks one than described minute trackside different frequency bands channel number;
The described duplexer of each of the cascade structure first order is respectively applied for the initial minute adjacent trackside channel of two-way frequency band that closes the road correspondence, obtain closing the trackside channel as partial minute trackside channel of cascade structure, when the trackside total number of channels was odd number in initial minute, remains one the tunnel and do not close the initial minute trackside channel on road directly as partial minute trackside channel of cascade structure;
In the second level of cascade structure in penultimate stage, the described duplexer of each of cascade structure previous stage is respectively applied for the adjacent branch trackside channel of two-way frequency band that closes the road correspondence, obtain closing the branch trackside channel of trackside channel as the cascade structure next stage, when previous stage when along separate routes the side total number of channels is odd number, remain one tunnel branch trackside channel that does not close the road directly as the branch trackside channel of cascade structure next stage;
The cascade structure afterbody comprises a described duplexer, closes to obtain one the tunnel behind the road and finally close the trackside channel.
9. a communication system duplex path combining method is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
Divide trackside first band signal to be divided into the two paths of signals that the power same phase differs from 90 degree by three decibels electric bridge (10), insert port (203) and (204) of three decibels electric bridge (20) respectively by filter (30) and (40), disappear mutually at port (201) power, whole power of first band signal are exported at port (202);
Divide trackside second band signal by three minutes electric bridge (20) port (201) input after be divided into power and reduce the two paths of signals that 3dB phase difference 90 is spent, enter port (203) and (204) of three decibels electric bridge (20) respectively by the total reflection of filter (30) and (40), disappear mutually at port (201) power, whole power of second band signal and whole power of first band signal close the road and export at port (202).
10. a communication system duplex is divided path method, it is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
The trackside signal that closes that contains first, second band signal is divided into the two-way that the power same phase differs from 90 degree behind port (202) the input three decibels electric bridge (20) and closes the road signal;
The signal that described two-way closes first frequency band in the signal of road is imported three decibels electric bridge (10) by filter (30) and (40), disappears mutually in the signal power of port (102) two-way first frequency band, and whole power of first band signal are exported at port (101);
Described two-way closes the filtered device of signal (30) and (40) reflected back three decibels electric bridge (20) of second frequency band in the signal of road, disappears mutually in the signal power of port (202) two-way second frequency band, and whole power of second band signal are exported at port (201).
11. a communication system multiplex (MUX) method is characterized in that, the branch trackside is at least three different frequency bands channels, and the road of closing with at least two duplexer cascades realize branch trackside channel comprises following steps,
In the first order of cascade structure, it is that a road of this grade closes the trackside channel that each described duplexer divides the trackside channel to close the road two-way at first, and divides the trackside channel as partial one the tunnel;
To penultimate stage, it is that a road of this grade closes the trackside channel that the two-way that each described duplexer will this level divides the trackside channel to close the road, and divides the trackside channel as a road of next stage in the second level of cascade structure;
In the level last of cascade structure, the two-way that described duplexer will this level divides the trackside channel to close the Lu Weiyi road finally to close the trackside channel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2006101067502A CN1901437A (en) | 2006-07-26 | 2006-07-26 | Communication system duplexer and multiplexer and duplexer and multiplexer method |
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| CNA2006101067502A CN1901437A (en) | 2006-07-26 | 2006-07-26 | Communication system duplexer and multiplexer and duplexer and multiplexer method |
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| CNA2006101067502A Pending CN1901437A (en) | 2006-07-26 | 2006-07-26 | Communication system duplexer and multiplexer and duplexer and multiplexer method |
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| US10270148B2 (en) | 2014-10-23 | 2019-04-23 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Microstrip multiplexer |
| CN108964679A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-12-07 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Power capacity method for improving, device and equipment |
| CN112134582A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-25 | 上海鸿晔电子科技股份有限公司 | Frequency hopping multiplexer and control method thereof |
| CN115051716A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2022-09-13 | 诺思(天津)微系统有限责任公司 | Multiplexer and communication device |
| CN115051716B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2023-11-28 | 诺思(天津)微系统有限责任公司 | Multiplexer and communication device |
| CN115425940A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-02 | 北京邮电大学 | Construction method of microstrip multiplexer with continuous pass band, microstrip multiplexer and device |
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