CN1900732A - DC magnetic field sensor - Google Patents
DC magnetic field sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1900732A CN1900732A CN200610040817.7A CN200610040817A CN1900732A CN 1900732 A CN1900732 A CN 1900732A CN 200610040817 A CN200610040817 A CN 200610040817A CN 1900732 A CN1900732 A CN 1900732A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005690 magnetoelectric effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005381 magnetic domain Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005355 Hall effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011896 sensitive detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
DC magnetic field sensor includes magneto-electric component, and induction coil. Two electrodes of the component are connected to alternation power supply. Characters are that the component is prepared from material of magnetoelectric effect. Induction coil is enwound outside the component. Two ends of the induction coil are output ends of the sensor. Applied alternation electric field makes inside magneto-electric component generate magnetization caused by magnetoelectric effect. The said magnetization generated can be sensitive inducted by external induction coil so as to generate an induction electromotive force (IEF). When the sensor is placed in DC magnetic field since magnetoelectric effect presents regular change along with change of DC magnetic field. Thus, variable magnetized state causes change of IEF of outer induction coil. Therefore, magnitude of DC magnetic field to be detected can be obtained by measuring magnitude of IEF of outer induction coil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic field measuring device, be specifically related to a kind of DC magnetic field sensor.
Background technology
D.C. magnetic field is measured very important in scientific research and practical engineering application.Existing D.C. magnetic field measuring technique and device have a lot, and common comprises: utilize magnetic field sensor, the superconducting quantum interference device of Hall effect, sensor, the fluxgate type sensor that utilizes magneto sensor to make, or the like.But all there is certain limitation in these present magnetic field sensors, and are insensitive to little field signal variation when being used for magnetic-field measurement as Hall element, generally are applicable to the magnetic field of measuring medium tenacity; Superconducting quantum interference device then involves great expense, and also there is complex structure in other sensor, to the not high defective of signal processing requirement height, sensitivity.
The known material with magnetoelectric effect can be realized the conversion of magnetic-electric flux at present, and it can produce electric polarization under the action of a magnetic field on the one hand, and on the one hand, it also can issue magnetisationization at electric field action in addition.Therefore, utilize the magnetoelectric effect of material can effectively realize the detection in magnetic field.The magnetoelectric material that can obtain practical application at present mainly is the magnetic electric compound material that is composited by piezoelectric and magnetostriction materials.Up to now, many method and its relevant natures about preparing magnetic electric compound material are disclosed.For example, patent ZL03132167.4 discloses the preparation method and the magnetoelectric effect under single order longitudinal resonance frequency thereof of the magnetic electric compound material under the longitudinal coupled mode, and patent ZL02124138.4 discloses the technology of preparing of three-component compound magnetoelectric material.But these existing researchs all do not relate to the detection of magnetic field sensor that utilizes magnetoelectric material to make, and especially do not relate to utilizing magnetoelectric effect to carry out the sensor that D.C. magnetic field is surveyed.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiency of existing DC magnetic field sensor, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of sensor of with low cost, simple in structure, highly sensitive detection D.C. magnetic field, especially be fit to survey faint D.C. magnetic field.The present invention will disclose the magnetoelectric effect of a kind of utilization " electric field is induced magnetization " and carry out the sensor that D.C. magnetic field is surveyed.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of DC magnetic field sensor comprises magnetoelectricity element and inductive coil, and two electrodes of magnetoelectricity element wherein are connected with alternating source, it is characterized in that: described magnetoelectricity element adopts the material with magnetoelectric effect; Described inductive coil is wrapped in the magnetoelectricity element-external, and the two ends of this inductive coil are the sensor output terminal.
In other words, DC magnetic field sensor of the present invention, be a kind of sensor in the following manner: the alternating electric field that adds on its magnetoelectricity element vibrates the magnetoelectricity element, and the variation of the induction electromotive force by detecting its outside inductive coil realizes the detection to D.C. magnetic field.
The fundamental mode of described DC magnetic field sensor is: add an alternating electric field on described magnetoelectricity element, because magnetoelectric effect, the alternating electric field that adds magnetizes the inside of magnetoelectricity element, and this magnetization can be responded to delicately by outside inductive coil and produce an induction electromotive force.When described DC magnetic field sensor is placed in the D.C. magnetic field, because the magnetoelectric effect of magnetoelectricity element presents the certain rules variation with the variation of D.C. magnetic field, its magnetized state will change thereupon, and then cause the induction electromotive force of outside inductive coil to change, therefore, by detecting the induction electromotive force amplitude of outside inductive coil, can obtain to be detected the size of D.C. magnetic field.
Described " inductive coil is wrapped in the magnetoelectricity element-external ", its winding position is bigger for the effectiveness affects of sensor, so its winding position should be selected the position of big ground induced magnetism electric device magnetized state.
The present invention can have following different concrete prioritization scheme:
1, the magnetoelectricity element of described DC magnetic field sensor is the magnetic electric compound material that is composited by piezoelectric and magnetostriction materials; Wherein magnetostriction materials are rare-earth-iron based compound (RFe
2, R is rare earth element such as Tb, Dy, Sm), or the oxide (RFe with magnetostrictive effect
2O
4, R is elements such as Ni, Co or Cu), or other known materials with magnetostrictive effect; Piezoelectric wherein is stupalith or the polymkeric substance with piezoelectric effect, or other known materials with piezoelectric effect.
2, the magnetoelectricity element of described DC magnetic field sensor is a rectangular sheet, or slice of cylinder, or circular ring plate, other any bulk with regular shape.
3, the described frequency that is applied to the alternating electric field on the magnetoelectricity element is consistent with the frequency of magnetoelectricity component structure resonance.
4, the described frequency that is applied to the alternating electric field on the magnetoelectricity element is vertically (or radially) resonant frequency of magnetoelectricity element single order.
When the described alternating electric field frequency that is applied on the magnetoelectricity element is adjusted to frequency with magnetoelectricity component structure resonance when consistent, electricity-magnetic coupling resonance will take place in the magnetoelectricity element, like this, the magnetoelectricity element is owing to the level of magnetization that magnetoelectric effect produces will be significantly improved, and then causing the induction electromotive force of inductive coil to increase considerably, the sensitivity of therefore surveying D.C. magnetic field has obtained improving greatly.
When the frequency of alternating electric field was the single order longitudinal resonance frequency of magnetoelectricity element, required driving electric field frequency was low, and power is little, and magneto-electric coupled efficient is higher, helped the detection of magnetic field sensitivity that reaches best.In addition, the frequency of magnetoelectricity element can be regulated by changing whole size of component.
The present invention is integrated in one the electric field excitation of magnetoelectricity element and the electrical signal detection of inductive coil, and the signal processing apparatus that need not traditional magnetic field copped wave annex and complexity can effectively be finished the detection in static direct current magnetic field.Therefore, the present invention has simple in structure, cheap advantage, has also simultaneously that volume is little, highly sensitive, simple operation and other advantages; In addition, material parameter by regulating excitation electrical field parameter, magnetoelectricity element and inductive coil parameter etc. can also be regulated detection sensitivity and investigative range, to adapt to the application need of different detection of magnetic field.According to experiment, the detectable minimum direct current of the present invention magnetic field can reach 10
-5Oe, investigative range 0 to hundreds of Oe.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is the structural representation of the magnetic field sensor of embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 1 (b) is that the magnetic field sensor of embodiments of the invention 1 is operated in the magneto-electric coupled pattern of single order longitudinal resonance following time, the induction electromotive force of inductive coil and the graph of relation of D.C. magnetic field;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the magnetic field sensor of embodiments of the invention 2;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the magnetic field sensor of embodiments of the invention 3;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the magnetic field sensor of embodiments of the invention 4.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, and referring to Fig. 1 (a), DC magnetic field sensor comprises magnetoelectricity element 11 and outside inductive coil 14.
Magnetoelectricity element 11 vertically is composited by PZT piezoelectric ceramics unit 12 and TbDyFe magnetostriction alloy unit 13, be shaped as rectangle, overall dimensions is: 28mm (length) * 6mm (width) * 1mm (thickness), wherein, PZT piezoelectric ceramics unit 12 is of a size of: 16mm * 6mm * 1mm, TbDyFe magnetostriction alloy unit 13 is of a size of: 12mm * 6mm * 1mm.The polarised direction of PZT piezoelectric ceramics unit 12 is thickness directions, the orientation of magnetic domain according to qualifications＜111 of TbDyFe magnetostriction alloy unit 13〉alongst.Adopt the epoxyn bonding between PZT piezoelectric ceramics unit 12 and the TbDyFe magnetostriction alloy unit 13.Two electrodes of this magnetoelectricity element 11 are connected (not shown) with alternating source.
Outside inductive coil 14 is wrapped in outside the magnetoelectricity element 11, adopts the copper core enameled wire of line footpath 0.2mm, and the wire-wound number of turn is 100 circles.The inside dimension of outside inductive coil 14 is: 4mm (length) * 6mm (width) * 1mm (thickness), inductive coil 14 is placed on the intersection of PZT piezoelectric ceramics unit 12 and TbDyFe magnetostriction alloy unit 13.
The magnetoelectricity element is applied an alternating voltage V=V
0Cos (2 π f
rT), V wherein
0=30V, f
r=37.6kHz, this frequency is the single order longitudinal resonance frequency of magnetoelectricity element.Under above-mentioned condition of work, make the direction of the D.C. magnetic field that is detected consistent with the length direction of magnetoelectricity element, the induction electromotive force of the inductive coil that measures and the relation curve of D.C. magnetic field are shown in Fig. 1 (b), can see, the induction electromotive force of inductive coil is along with the variation of D.C. magnetic field is linear change, detectable D.C. magnetic field scope is at 0～250Oe, and detectable minimum direct current magnetic field is 10
-4Oe, detection sensitivity is 0.2mOe/ μ V.Can estimate that if increase the amplitude of excitation electrical field, or increase the wire-wound number of turn of inductive coil, or optimize frequency of operation, the detection sensitivity of the sensor of present embodiment and investigative range will be further enhanced.
Embodiment 2, and referring to Fig. 2, DC magnetic field sensor comprises magnetoelectricity element 21 and outside inductive coil 24.
Magnetoelectricity element 21 is a rectangle, has three layers, and two-layer up and down is PZT piezoelectric ceramic piece 22 (a) and 22 (b), and middle one deck is TbFe
2Magnetostriction alloy sheet 23.Wherein, the two-layer PZT piezoelectric ceramics rectangular sheet 22 (a) of outside and the polarised direction of 22 (b) are thickness direction, the TbFe of middle one deck
2The orientation of magnetic domain according to qualifications＜111 of alloy rectangular sheet 23〉alongst.The overall dimensions of magnetoelectricity element is: 18mm (length) * 4mm (width) * 3mm (thickness), wherein, TbFe
2The size of alloy rectangular sheet 23 and PZT piezoelectric ceramics rectangular sheet 22 (a) and 22 (b) is 18mm * 4mm * 1mm.
Outside inductive coil 24 adopts the copper core enameled wire of line footpath 0.2mm, and the wire-wound number of turn is 100 circles, and inside dimension is: 4mm (length) * 6mm (width) * 3mm (thickness).Inductive coil 24 is placed on the center of magnetoelectricity element 21.
The sensor of making according to present embodiment has working method similar to the sensor of embodiment 1 and operating characteristic.But because variation has taken place for component, structure and the size of magnetoelectricity element, variation has also taken place in magneto-electric coupled characteristic of magnetoelectricity element and resonant frequency, and frequency of operation, investigative range and the sensitivity of therefore corresponding sensor are also along with variation has taken place.When the D.C. magnetic field direction that is detected was consistent with the length direction of magnetoelectricity element, the detectable D.C. magnetic field scope of present embodiment was at 0～600Oe, and detectable minimum direct current magnetic field is 10
-3Oe, detection sensitivity is 0.15mOe/ μ V.
Magnetoelectricity element 31 is NiFe
2O
4The compound magnetic electric compound material of the particle of/PZT, wherein NiFe
2O
4Volume content be 0.45.Magnetoelectricity element 31 be shaped as right cylinder, overall dimensions is diameter 10mm, thickness 5mm.In order to reduce driving voltage, right cylinder is by the NiFe of 5 diameter 10mm, thickness 1mm
2O
4/ PZT disk 32 is formed by stacking, and interlayer bonds with epoxyn.Each NiFe
2O
4/ PZT disk 32 is along the thickness direction electric polarization.The single order of magnetoelectricity element 31 radially resonant frequency is 350kHz.
Inductive coil 33 adopts the copper core enameled wire of line footpath 0.1mm to be wrapped in the periphery of magnetoelectricity member cylinder 31, and the number of turn is 200 circles, is of a size of inside diameter 10mm, length 4mm.
The sensor of making according to present embodiment has working method similar to the sensor of embodiment 1 and operating characteristic.But, variation has taken place in magnetoelectricity element component, structure and size, cause the resonant frequency and the magneto-electric coupled characteristic of magnetoelectricity element that variation has taken place, change has also taken place in the parameter of inductive coil simultaneously, so variation has also taken place for the frequency of operation of sensor, detection sensitivity and investigative range.During the D.C. magnetic field direction that is detected and magnetoelectricity element radially consistent, the detectable D.C. magnetic field scope of present embodiment is at 0～200Oe, and detectable minimum direct current magnetic field is 10
-3Oe, detection sensitivity is 0.1mOe/ μ V.
Embodiment 4, and referring to Fig. 4, DC magnetic field sensor comprises magnetoelectricity element 41 and outside inductive coil 44.
Magnetoelectricity element 41 is the circular ring plate of external diameter 20mm, internal diameter 10mm, integral thickness 3mm, be laminated by two-layer PZT piezoelectric ceramic piece 42 (a) up and down, 42 (b) and middle one deck TbDyFe magnetostriction alloy sheet 43, every layer thickness is 1mm, and interlayer bonds with epoxyn.Wherein, PZT piezoelectric ceramic piece 42 (a) and 42 (b) are along the thickness direction electric polarization, the orientation of magnetic domain according to qualifications＜111 of TbDyFe magnetostriction alloy sheet 43〉along radially.The single order of magnetoelectricity element 41 radially resonant frequency is 70kHz.
Inductive coil 44 adopts the copper core enameled wire of lines footpath 0.2mm, and it is tubular to be wound in helical along the ring body of magnetoelectricity element 41, and the number of turn is 300 circles.
The sensor of making according to present embodiment has working method similar to the sensor of embodiment 1 and operating characteristic.But, variation has all taken place in magnetoelectricity element component, structure and size, cause the resonant frequency and the magneto-electric coupled characteristic of magnetoelectricity element that variation has taken place, change has also taken place in the parameter of inductive coil simultaneously, so corresponding variation has also taken place for the frequency of operation of sensor, detection sensitivity and investigative range.When the D.C. magnetic field direction that is detected and magnetoelectricity element radially consistent, the detectable D.C. magnetic field scope of present embodiment is at 0～300Oe, and detectable minimum direct current magnetic field is 10
-5Oe, detection sensitivity is 0.3mOe/ μ V.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of DC magnetic field sensor comprises magnetoelectricity element and inductive coil, and two electrodes of magnetoelectricity element wherein are connected with alternating source, it is characterized in that: described magnetoelectricity element adopts the material with magnetoelectric effect; Described inductive coil is wrapped in the magnetoelectricity element-external, and the two ends of this inductive coil are the sensor output terminal.
2, according to the described DC magnetic field sensor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described DC magnetic field sensor, be a kind of sensor in the following manner: the alternating electric field that adds on its magnetoelectricity element vibrates the magnetoelectricity element, and the variation of the induction electromotive force by detecting its outside inductive coil realizes the detection to D.C. magnetic field.
3, according to the described DC magnetic field sensor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described frequency that is applied to the alternating electric field on the magnetoelectricity element is consistent with the frequency of magnetoelectricity component structure resonance.
4, according to the described DC magnetic field sensor of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the described frequency that is applied to the alternating electric field on the magnetoelectricity element is a vertically or radially resonant frequency of magnetoelectricity element single order.
5, according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described DC magnetic field sensors, it is characterized in that: described magnetoelectricity element is the magnetic electric compound material that is composited by piezoelectric and magnetostriction materials; Wherein magnetostriction materials are rare-earth-iron based compound: RFe
2, R is rare earth element such as Tb, Dy, Sm or oxide with magnetostrictive effect: RFe
2O
4, R is elements such as Ni, Co or Cu; Piezoelectric wherein is stupalith or the polymkeric substance with piezoelectric effect.
6, according to the described DC magnetic field sensor of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described magnetoelectricity element is a rectangular sheet, or slice of cylinder, or circular ring plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100408177A CN100429524C (en) | 2006-07-27 | 2006-07-27 | DC magnetic field sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100408177A CN100429524C (en) | 2006-07-27 | 2006-07-27 | DC magnetic field sensor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1900732A true CN1900732A (en) | 2007-01-24 |
| CN100429524C CN100429524C (en) | 2008-10-29 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102109359A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-29 | Tdk株式会社 | Magnetic position detector |
| CN102520372A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-06-27 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Multi-coupling magnetic sensor |
| CN108241130A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-03 | 厦门大学 | A kind of fluxgate magnetic field sensor based on magnetoelectric effect |
| CN113687277A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-11-23 | 广东海洋大学 | Test method and system for magnetoelectric composite material sensor |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI579577B (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2017-04-21 | 謝振傑 | Detection method, imaging method and related apparatus based on magnetism characteristic detection technique |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS61181179A (en) * | 1984-11-30 | 1986-08-13 | アメリカン テレフオン アンド テレグラフ カムパニ− | Apparatus containing means for generating electrical signal |
| US4785244A (en) * | 1984-11-30 | 1988-11-15 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories | Magneto-electric sensor device and sensing method using a sensor element comprising a 2-phase decomposed microstructure |
| CN2281525Y (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-05-13 | 李隆曦 | Electromagnet sensor |
| JP3671621B2 (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 2005-07-13 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Magnetization method of permanent magnet type eddy current reduction device |
| US6472784B2 (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 2002-10-29 | Fred N. Miekka | Methods and apparatus for increasing power of permanent magnet motors |
| JP3835354B2 (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2006-10-18 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Magnetic sensor |
| US7256532B2 (en) * | 2004-03-08 | 2007-08-14 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Method and apparatus for high voltage gain using a magnetostrictive-piezoelectric composite |
| HK1074740A2 (en) * | 2004-09-18 | 2005-11-18 | Jetfly Technology Ltd | Pedometer. |
| CN1631666A (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2005-06-29 | 南京大学 | Composite material with tremendous electromagnetic coupling effect and its application |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102109359A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-29 | Tdk株式会社 | Magnetic position detector |
| US8896294B2 (en) | 2009-12-03 | 2014-11-25 | Tdk Corporation | Magnetic position detector |
| CN102520372A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-06-27 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Multi-coupling magnetic sensor |
| CN108241130A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-03 | 厦门大学 | A kind of fluxgate magnetic field sensor based on magnetoelectric effect |
| CN113687277A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-11-23 | 广东海洋大学 | Test method and system for magnetoelectric composite material sensor |
| CN113687277B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-25 | 广东海洋大学 | Test method and system for magnetoelectric composite material sensor |
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