CN1894057B - Method and apparatus for molding by forging - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for molding by forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN1894057B CN1894057B CN2004800371576A CN200480037157A CN1894057B CN 1894057 B CN1894057 B CN 1894057B CN 2004800371576 A CN2004800371576 A CN 2004800371576A CN 200480037157 A CN200480037157 A CN 200480037157A CN 1894057 B CN1894057 B CN 1894057B
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Abstract
A method and an apparatus for molding by forging capable of providing sufficient lubrication effects for the molding without increasing a molding treatment time longer than before and performing safe molding without allowing a lubricant used for the molding to be ignited by heating due to pressurization. The apparatus is an extrusion-molding apparatus for moldings moving works in order to a plurality of press sections. A spray nozzle spraying the lubricant is placed on conveying equipment which moves the works in order, the relative position of the work to the spray nozzle is fixed, and the lubricant is sprayed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material is being lower than forging method and the device that forging and molding under the temperature of its transient point is cup-shaped product (for example, constant velocity joint outer shroud) and axle shape product.
Background technology
Being used for generating traditional forging method cup-shaped or axle shape mechanical part, adopt the cold forging method usually, wherein under the temperature of the transient point that is lower than material, make material forming (for example, referring to following patent literature 1) by mould and drift.In the method, the material that stands to forge must be coated with lubricant film, otherwise with the seizure forging apparatus.The cylindricality workpiece of green surface with Rockwell hardness (grade B) about 75 is in the phase III of the second stage of the phase I of experience die mould core end, preliminary upsetting, further upsetting and just in time have Rockwell hardness (grade B) is 100 or higher forging surface by becoming after forging the quadravalence section of this component shaping for cup.
There is not method to forge enough hard or grade B is higher than 100 workpiece, thereby " intervention " of step handled below should comprising between third and fourth stage: process annealing is to reduce hardness, bead is with the removal surface film oxide or the oxidation scales of skin that peel off, and phosphatization is handled to form immersion coating on surface of the work.Except phosphatization was handled, with lubricator the spray workpiece also can obtain lubricant effect.
In above-mentioned lubricating method, phosphatization is handled unsatisfactory because of seriously reduced lubricant film thickness after single forming step, and often brings disappointed lubricant effect by the bigger process of continuous forming step mutually of shaping rate.In addition, be difficult to by any means of with lubricator carrying out spray coating workpieces or mould equably, and if bigger shaping rate cause lubricant film to disperse, then formed product has defective, and this also is disadvantageous for processing environment.
In order to address these problems, proposed to be shaped as the oil bath of forging method, wherein material is immersed in by (for example, referring to patent documentation 2) in the chamber that is pre-charged with lubricant.Yet under the situation that oil bath is forged, according to material shape, lubricant is tending towards being limited in the space between material and the cavity bottom in forging process.In this case, be necessary to make an opening as the lubricant outlet, so that confined lubricant successfully is discharged in the external container in the cavity bottom of mould.Yet it is not enough that this outlet is set, and this is because after being shaped, formed product may be owing to when preparing next compacting action, mention attached to drift with drift on, this can cause by drift press forming product once more.
In order to solve described problem, make the discharge tube that leads to external container at the cavity bottom place of mould so that lubricant is discharged, on the route of this discharge tube, check-valves is installed in addition, thereby when the pressure that is limited in the lubricant between cavity bottom and the material reaches predeterminated level, this check-valves can be opened described pipeline, and when described pressure was lower than this predeterminated level, this check-valves can cut out described pipeline (for example, referring to patent documentation 3).
By described improvement, the lubricant that remains in the space between cavity bottom and the material turns back to external container by opening of check-valves via discharge tube, and after shaping is finished, close discharge tube, thereby the formed product that closely contacts with cavity bottom can be attached on the drift of mentioning.Therefore, formed product is stayed in the chamber.
Patent documentation 1: the Japan Patent spy opens clear 59-220243 number
Patent documentation 2: the Japan Patent spy opens clear 62-324515 number
Patent documentation 3: Japanese patent laid-open 02-187228 number
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention is to be solved
In the disclosed described extruding, when getting involved handling, and because last extruding may lose the lubricant effect of handling acquisition by phosphatization in patent documentation 2.Like this, be necessary that formed product being carried out phosphatization once more before crowded drawing (ioning) in the five-stage of forging process and mold pressing (coining) step handles.
In patent documentation 3 in the disclosed extruding, the adhesiveness of fluid lubricant a little less than, and be necessary crowded in five-stage draw with the mold pressing step before repeat phosphatization once more and handle.
In addition, when the quadravalence section of carrying out extruding was forged in the oil bath in using the lubricant that wherein material is immersed in the chamber, the heat that produces because of the pressurization to workpiece caused lighting lubricant, and this trouble must overcome from the safety management angle.
In view of lubricant deterioration during above-mentioned conventional extruded process is made the present invention with the shortcoming of lighting, therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide such manufacturing process and building mortion, comparing with conventional practice under the situation that does not prolong the processing time, they can lubricate formed product fully, and be shaped safely, can not light lubricant under pressure.
Solve the means of described problem
First invention is a kind of forging method, and it comprises a plurality of pressing steps that are used for formed product.Make since in the one or more pressing steps early before making the pressing step of component shaping processing and heated this workpiece stand injection with lubricator more than once; When the lubricant that sprays in the course of injection formerly mummification, carry out describedly with lubricator spraying; And the lubricant that sprays in the final course of injection in the end after the mummification, makes the pressing step of described component shaping.
The feature of the preferred embodiment of first invention is as follows:
Described workpiece is the constant velocity joint outer shroud.
When with lubricator spraying described workpiece, the temperature of described workpiece is in 150 to 250 ℃ scope.
The lubricant that was injected in before making the pressing step of component shaping on the workpiece is the aqueous dispersion lubricant, it includes kollag, lubricated and dispersing binder and wetting and vaporization accelerator, and when execution makes the pressing step of component shaping, described lubricant mummification and become kollag.
Described formed product is cup-shaped.
Described formed product is a shape.
Second invention is wherein, workpiece to be sent to serial pressing stage continuously by a kind of forging apparatus with pressurizing unit; The delivery unit that is used for continuous conveying work pieces is provided with the nozzle that is used for to workpiece jet lubrication agent; And to workpiece jet lubrication agent the time, described workpiece and described nozzle are in relative to each other fixing relative position; Wherein, described nozzle is more than one, from these nozzles along different directions jet lubrication agent, and these nozzles jet lubrication agent in a sequential manner.
The feature of the preferred embodiment of second invention is as follows:
Be lubricated the injection of agent off and on.
After the lubricant of described nozzle ejection mummification, from described nozzle ejection lubricant.
Described workpiece is the constant velocity joint outer shroud.
When with lubricator spraying described workpiece, with lubricator between injection period the temperature of described workpiece in 150 to 250 ℃ scope.
The lubricant that was injected in before making the pressing step of described component shaping on the described workpiece is the aqueous dispersion lubricant, it includes kollag, lubricated and dispersing binder and wetting and vaporization accelerator, and carry out when making the pressing step of described component shaping described lubricant mummification and become kollag.
Described formed product is cup-shaped.
Described formed product is a shape.
Effect of the present invention
According to the present invention, comparing with conventional practice under the situation that does not prolong the processing time, can lubricate formed product fully, and be shaped safely, can not light lubricant under pressure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the plane according to the pressurizing unit of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is that the line II-II along Fig. 1 cuts open the cutaway view of getting;
Fig. 3 is the view that is illustrated in the workpiece that a sequence is out of shape in the stage gradually in the press unit; And
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram that expression is used for the control system of nozzle controller.
Description of reference numerals
W workpiece L lubricant
The N1 first lubricant nozzle
The N2 second lubricant nozzle
10 pressurizing units
12 workpiece supplies
14 forcing presses
20 first press units
22 second press units
24 the 3rd press units
26 the 4th press units
30 first feed bars
32 second feed bars
36 controllers
38 jaws
40 nozzle controllers
42 first nozzles keep framework
43 second nozzles keep framework
100 control systems
102 compressed air supplies
140 lubricant containers
The specific embodiment
Describe in detail according to exemplary building mortion of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
＜structure 〉
As shown in Figure 1, pressurizing unit 10 comprises workpiece supply 12 and forcing press 14.Workpiece supply 12 is loaded with blank or workpiece W continuously, then a series of workpiece W is remained on the predetermined alignment position for order transmission afterwards.
As can be seen from Figure 1, forcing press 14 has first to fourth press unit of equidistant continuous installation each other: as first press unit 20 of the forward extrusion device of die mould core end; Second press unit 22 as preliminary upsetting mechanism; The 3rd press unit 24 as fine finishining upsetting mechanism; And as the 4th press unit 26 that is used for raw material are configured as the backward extrusion device of cup.
The relative both sides of each in first press unit, 20 to the 4th press units 26 have first feed bar 30 and second feed bar 32 of a pair of longitudinal extension side by side.First feed bar 30 and second feed bar 32 are provided with eight jaws 38 by 36 controls of clamping controller.36 pairs of these eight jaws 38 and the clamping controllers that are associated separately thereof with they separately to tackling relative putting, with clamping work pieces W in first press unit, 20 to the 4th press units 26.
First feed bar 30 and second feed bar 32 move back and forth by feed bar control system (not shown), in almost being equivalent to the stroke of workpiece W height, moving up and down, and carry out the front and back back and forth movement in the stroke at the interval in the middle of being equivalent to first press unit, 20 to the 4th press units 26.
First feed bar 30 and second feed bar 32 have nozzle and keep framework 42 and 43, they adhere to and separate with the clamping controller 36 that is exclusively used in the 3rd press unit 24 by relevant nozzle controller 40, and nozzle keeps the respective distal end of framework 42 and 43 to be respectively arranged with the first lubricant nozzle N1 and the second lubricant nozzle N2.The first lubricant nozzle N1 and the second lubricant nozzle N2 are downwards and slope inwardly.The first lubricant nozzle N1 and the second lubricant nozzle N2 are to use pressure-air to come the two-fluid spray nozzle of jet lubrication agent.For fear of the first lubricant nozzle N1 and the second lubricant nozzle N2, nozzle keep framework 42 and 43 and feed bar 30 and 32 between mutual interference (only when feed bar 30 and 32 is positioned at its corresponding top dead-centre), nozzle controller 40 makes the first lubricant nozzle N1 and the second lubricant nozzle N2 be displaced to its operating position separately, i.e. top dead-centre.
＜control system 〉
As recognizing among Fig. 4, the control system 100 that is used for nozzle controller 40 has the pipeline from compressed air supply 102, this pipeline is connected to the back level by first air reducing valve 104, wherein said line branches becomes two-way: promptly, one tunnel route is connected to the cylinder 108 that is used for first feed bar 30 by the first five-port gauge tap valve 106, and the route on another road is connected to the first lubricant nozzle N1 by the 3rd five-port gauge tap valve 110.
Pipeline from compressed air supply 102 also is connected to another back level by second air reducing valve 104, wherein said line branches becomes two-way: promptly, one tunnel route is connected to the cylinder 116 that is used for second feed bar 32 by the second five-port gauge tap valve 114, and the route on another road is connected to the second lubricant nozzle N2 by the second five-port gauge tap valve 120.
The pipeline that is derived from compressed air supply 102 is connected to the injection air inlet 130 and 132 of the first lubricant nozzle N1 and the second lubricant nozzle N2 by second air reducing valve 122.
The lubricant container 140 that includes lubricant L airtightly is provided with by from the pneumatically actuated agitator 142 of the compressed air of compressed air supply 102, and by the 3rd air reducing valve 144 to this container supply compressed air.By the pipeline that connects at the container bottom place will remain on lubricant container 140 to lubricant L be sent to the first lubricant nozzle N1 and the second lubricant nozzle N2.The respective electrical magnet valve 150 of the first and second five-port gauge tap valves 106 is connected with control panel 150.
＜operation 〉
First feed bar 30 and second feed bar 32 sequentially take out workpiece W with the circulation of for example 20spm (strokes per minute number of times) from workpiece supply 12, and send them to first press unit 20 to the 4th press units 26 in proper order.First press unit 20 is the raw-material core end of die mould by forward extrusion.Second press unit 22 also carry out forward extrusion with preliminary upsetting die mould the core end.The 3rd press unit 24 is carried out forward extrusion with upsetting and fine finishining core end.
After finishing upsetting, keep the cylinder 108 of framework 42 and the cylinder 116 supply compressed air of second nozzle maintenance framework 43 to first nozzle by the 3rd press unit 24.Like this, cylinder 108 and 116 promotes first nozzle respectively and keeps the framework 42 and second nozzle to keep framework 43, and as shown in Figure 4, the first lubricant nozzle N1 and the second lubricant nozzle N2 are displaced to their operating positions separately so that lubricant is ejected on the workpiece W.In the embodiment of jet lubrication agent L, the first lubricant nozzle N1 and the second lubricant nozzle N2 alternately are ejected into lubricant on the single workpiece W, four times from one of them nozzle, totally eight times from these two nozzles, each 0.14 second, and once spray with another injection between blanking time be 0.01 second.
Desirably carry out from more than a nozzle ejection lubricant based on continuous action, interfere with lubricant from the lubricant of a nozzle ejection avoiding from another nozzle ejection.
Between injection period, all be fixed on and be in fixing relative position naturally each other by the workpiece W of grasping and the first lubricant nozzle N1 and the second lubricant nozzle N2 on first feed bar 30 and second feed bar 32, and spray regime and situation that lubricant is ejected on the fixed object are closely similar.
Because the shaping heat that during the die mould that workpiece W is stood, preliminary upsetting and fine finishining upsetting step, produces, thereby be heated to about 200 ℃ at the workpiece W that sprays the starting stage.Therefore, when arriving the workpiece W of heating, the lubricant L of spraying is vaporized immediately.As a result, eight layers of lubricant coating are arranged on the finished surface of workpiece W, make it in the 4th press unit 26, stand backward extrusion afterwards and be shaped advantageously to realize cup.
Use plastics forming to apply the required time of temperature, jet lubrication agent that water-based lubricant can be subjected to lubricant and the dilution rate influence of lubricant.For example, following table 1 has been represented the jet test result, wherein use under the condition below a pair of nozzle (BIMV4515 that obtains from the H.Ikeuchi Co., Ltd of Osaka, Japan) to diameter as the surface of the horizontal carbon-steel parts of 80mm on the alternating spray lubricant: make nozzle 333mm above carbon-steel parts sentence and symmetrically toward each other, and to spray air pressure be that 0.15MPa and lubricant pressure are the lubricant of 0.10MPa with respect to the angle diagonal angle of its horizontal surface 45 degree.
In the table 1 that provides the measurement of adhering to of lubricant film on body surface, zero expression lubricant film sticks on the whole surface of object equably, △ refer to lubricant film stick to less than whole surface 100% and be equal to or greater than on its area of 50%, and * represent lubricant film to stick to less than on whole surperficial 50% the area.Table 1 gives the measurement to the mummification characteristic of institute's jet lubrication agent, wherein, if lubricant moment mummification then provides zero; If mummification in to two second after spraying then provides △; And if after spraying two or mummification in more seconds, then provide *.
Table 1
| Temperature (℃) | Time (second) | Number of times | Dilution rate (doubly) | Adhere to | The mummification characteristic |
| 100 | 0.15 | 4 | 10 | ○ | × |
| 125 | 0.15 | 4 | 10 | ○ | △ |
| 150 | 0.15 | 4 | 10 | ○ | ○ |
| 175 | 0.15 | 4 | 10 | ○ | ○ |
| 200 | 0.15 | 4 | 10 | △ | ○ |
| 200 | 0.15 | 4 | 2.5 | ○ | ○ |
| Temperature (℃) | Time (second) | Number of times | Dilution rate (doubly) | Adhere to | The mummification characteristic |
| 225 | 0.15 | 4 | 2.5 | ○ | ○ |
| 250 | 0.15 | 4 | 2.5 | ○ | ○ |
| 275 | 0.15 | 4 | 2.5 | △ | ○ |
| 300 | 0.15 | 4 | 2.5 | × | - |
Can draw such conclusion from top result of the test: lubricant temperature desired between injection period is in 150 to 250 ℃ scope.
Industrial applicibility
The present invention can be applicable under the temperature that is equal to or less than the material transient point, for for example cup-shaped product of constant velocity joint outer shroud and the extrusion process of axle shape product, and the forming process that is used for the stampings of the high rigidity of needs.
Claims (13)
1. forging method, comprise a plurality of pressing steps that are used for formed product, wherein make since in the one or more pressing steps early before making the pressing step of component shaping processing and heated this workpiece stand injection with lubricator more than once; When the lubricant that sprays in the injection formerly mummification, carry out described injection with lubricator; And the final lubricant that sprays in the end spraying after the mummification, makes the pressing step of described component shaping.
2. forging method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described workpiece is the constant velocity joint outer shroud.
3. forging method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when with lubricator spraying described workpiece, the temperature of described workpiece is in 150 to 250 ℃ scope.
4. forging method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the lubricant that was injected in before making the pressing step of described component shaping on the described workpiece is the aqueous dispersion lubricant, described aqueous dispersion lubricant includes kollag, lubricated and dispersing binder and wetting and vaporization accelerator, and when execution makes the pressing step of described component shaping, described lubricant mummification and become kollag.
5. forging method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described formed product is cup-shaped.
6. forging method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described formed product is a shape.
7. forging apparatus, it comprises pressurizing unit, wherein, workpiece is sent to serial pressing stage continuously; The delivery unit that is used for continuous conveying work pieces is provided with the nozzle that is used for to workpiece jet lubrication agent; And to workpiece jet lubrication agent the time, described workpiece and described nozzle are in relative to each other fixing relative position; Wherein,
Described nozzle is more than one, from these nozzles along different directions jet lubrication agent, and these nozzles jet lubrication agent in a sequential manner;
And, after the lubricant of described nozzle ejection mummification, from described nozzle ejection lubricant.
8. forging apparatus according to claim 7 is characterized in that, with lubricator sprays off and on.
9. forging apparatus according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described workpiece is the constant velocity joint outer shroud.
10. forging apparatus according to claim 7 is characterized in that, when with lubricator spraying described workpiece, the temperature of described workpiece is in 150 to 250 ℃ scope.
11. forging apparatus according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the lubricant that was injected in before making the pressing step of described component shaping on the described workpiece is the aqueous dispersion lubricant, described aqueous dispersion lubricant includes kollag, lubricated and dispersing binder and wetting and vaporization accelerator, and when execution makes the pressing step of described component shaping, described lubricant mummification and become kollag.
12. forging apparatus according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described formed product is cup-shaped.
13. forging apparatus according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described formed product is a shape.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003395681A JP4611625B2 (en) | 2003-11-26 | 2003-11-26 | Forging method |
| JP2003395682A JP4368669B2 (en) | 2003-11-26 | 2003-11-26 | Forging equipment |
| JP395681/2003 | 2003-11-26 | ||
| JP395682/2003 | 2003-11-26 | ||
| PCT/JP2004/017464 WO2005051565A1 (en) | 2003-11-26 | 2004-11-25 | Method and apparatus for molding by forging |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1894057A CN1894057A (en) | 2007-01-10 |
| CN1894057B true CN1894057B (en) | 2010-04-21 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004800371576A Expired - Fee Related CN1894057B (en) | 2003-11-26 | 2004-11-25 | Method and apparatus for molding by forging |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4611625B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1894057B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017039146A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-02-23 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Method for manufacturing shaft |
| CN109420878B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2021-02-02 | 复盛应用科技股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing cup-shaped striking panel of golf club head |
| CN107282852A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-10-24 | 南京锦冠汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of step of automotive axle housing tube four shunts forging molding process |
| CN109877259B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2023-11-24 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Rotatory spraying device of lubricant |
| CN110227782A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-13 | 徐州鑫旭机械制造有限公司 | One kind producing continuous newly net forming equipment for forging |
| CN111390084A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-10 | 杭州萧山钱江电声器材有限公司 | T iron preparation device and preparation method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4230270A (en) * | 1975-12-09 | 1980-10-28 | Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault | Multinozzle block for spraying tool surfaces |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61126940A (en) * | 1984-11-21 | 1986-06-14 | Musashi Seimitsu Kogyo Kk | Manufacture of bevel gear by warm forging |
| JPH01110596A (en) * | 1987-10-26 | 1989-04-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Lubricating oil for cold processing |
| JPH0692019B2 (en) * | 1989-02-13 | 1994-11-16 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Cold continuous forming method for cup-shaped parts |
| JPH02247035A (en) * | 1989-11-10 | 1990-10-02 | Hitachi Ltd | Plastic working method |
| JP3369009B2 (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 2003-01-20 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | Piston forging method |
| JPH08300087A (en) * | 1995-05-09 | 1996-11-19 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Lubricating method excellent in gnawing resistance and film peelability |
| JPH10296375A (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 1998-11-10 | Nagayama Denshi Kogyo Kk | Working method of metal member |
| JPH1110270A (en) * | 1997-06-18 | 1999-01-19 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Method for hot-forging alpha+beta type titanium alloy |
| JPH1181932A (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1999-03-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method of forming intake valve for engine |
| JP3414628B2 (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 2003-06-09 | 旭電化工業株式会社 | Aqueous lubricating composition for metal plastic working |
| JP3785015B2 (en) * | 2000-02-07 | 2006-06-14 | 日立粉末冶金株式会社 | Mold lubrication method in hot forging of sintered alloys. |
-
2003
- 2003-11-26 JP JP2003395681A patent/JP4611625B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-11-25 CN CN2004800371576A patent/CN1894057B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4230270A (en) * | 1975-12-09 | 1980-10-28 | Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault | Multinozzle block for spraying tool surfaces |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1894057A (en) | 2007-01-10 |
| JP4611625B2 (en) | 2011-01-12 |
| JP2005152950A (en) | 2005-06-16 |
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