CN1892166A - Aluminium foil for heat exchanger, its making method and heat exchanger using same and air conditioner - Google Patents
Aluminium foil for heat exchanger, its making method and heat exchanger using same and air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN1892166A CN1892166A CN 200510080438 CN200510080438A CN1892166A CN 1892166 A CN1892166 A CN 1892166A CN 200510080438 CN200510080438 CN 200510080438 CN 200510080438 A CN200510080438 A CN 200510080438A CN 1892166 A CN1892166 A CN 1892166A
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Abstract
Said invention provides heat exchanger aluminum foil with thickeness 40-150 micrometer, microscope surface having strip or columnar shape protuberance with height 0.001-50 micrometer and width 0.001-20 micrometer, and interval 0.001-20 micrometer. Said invention provided heat exchanger aluminum foil surface has good hydrophile or hydrophobicity, corrosion resistance, and raising heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger using said aluminum foil. Said invention also provides heat exchanger aluminum foil preparation method, which contains preprocess engineering, coarsing engineering, intermediate treatment engineering, and nano chemical engineering process utilizing deep zone activity ionic etching method or sol-gel syntheses method. Said invention also provides heat exchanger using said aluminum foil aluminum foil and air conditioner using said heat exchanger.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminium foil, its manufacture method that is used for heat exchanger, and use the heat exchanger of this aluminium foil and the air-conditioning of this heat exchanger of use.
Background technology
At present, along with constantly popularizing of air conditioning applications, in order to realize the purpose such as energy-conservation of air-conditioning, research for heat exchanger of air condition is also constantly being carried out, existing technological innovation concentrates on the aluminium fin of heat exchanger, for example by making the shape optimization of aluminium fin, the thin-walled property of aluminium fin and wait the heat exchange efficiency that improves heat exchanger by the character that surface treatment improves the aluminium fin, thus reach energy-conservation and improve the air-conditioner effect.
The aluminium fin surface of indoor heat converter when air-conditioner turns round, owing to condensed water is in moisture state, and is in drying regime when shutting down, and dry and wet state alternately exists, and the aluminium fin is corroded easily; And outdoor heat converter, particularly owing to the continuous aggravation of atmosphere pollution, the corrosion of the aluminium fin that acid rain etc. cause appears day by day.Therefore, need handle the aluminium fin surface and make it to have corrosion resistance.
Because the aluminium fin surface temperature of the aluminium fin of the indoor heat converter of summer air-conditioning machine and the outdoor heat converter of winter air-conditioning machine is all below dew point, therefore, airborne moisture becomes condensed water or white attached on the fin, condensed water forms water droplet attached on the fin, between fin, form the water bridge, stop up air flue, cause flowing resistance to increase, thereby produce unfavorable conditions such as power consumption, noise, water-drop sputtering; In addition, cold district in the winter time, easily when the defrosting running, the residual thawing water of fin surface becomes ice to the air conditioner outdoor heat exchanger during warm braw running (running of band frost), flowing resistance is increased, and cause the warm braw shortening duration of runs and defrosting to increase the duration of runs.Therefore, the performance that the dissolving water when requiring fin surface to have to make the condensed water that adheres to and defrosting running flows down rapidly surfacewise, its method comprises: the one, give the fin surface hydrophily, promptly wettability becomes under the thin water film flow condensed water; The 2nd, make fin surface have hydrophobicity, prevent adhering to of condensed water.
The aluminium fin is by the aluminium foil manufacturing, the existing method that the aluminium fin surface is handled is to handle by carry out hydrophily at aluminium foil surface, promptly cover hydrophilic filming by aluminium foil surface, on hydrophilic filming, implement preservative treatment then and comprise covering corrosion-resistant inorganic coating or organic resin coating, thereby formation double membrane structure, make aluminium foil possess high corrosion resistance and hydrophily, thereby make the aluminium fin of making by aluminium foil possess high corrosion resistance and hydrophily.This technological development of giving aluminium fin surface possess hydrophilic property has obtained remarkable progress, and present hydrophilic aluminium fin has accounted for more than 50% of heat exchanger of air condition fin; And the hydrophobic treatment technology remains further to be studied owing to improving Defrost technology, and practical application at present seldom.
But therefore the hydrophilic coating that applies at aluminium foil surface and the coefficient of heat conduction of corrosion-inhibiting coating have influenced heat exchanger integral body heat exchange efficiency than low many of the coefficient of heat conduction of aluminium foil itself.
For the character of improving aluminium foil surface does not reduce its coefficient of heat conduction simultaneously again, for making Nano surface of metal material is a frontier that begins in recent years, mainly be to utilize the excellent properties of nano metal material that traditional engineering metal material is carried out the surface texture improvement, prepare the superficial layer that one deck has nanocrystalline structure, just can be by the overall performance and the environment military service behavior of surface texture and optimization in Properties raising material.French patent application (application number 2689431), Russ P application (application number: 1391135), Chinese patent application (application number: 99122670.4, application number: 01128225.8 and application number: 03111200.5) thus providing a kind of carries hard particles with gases at high pressure or liquid and bombards metal material surface in succession and cause that surperficial severe plastic deformation realizes the technology of making Nano surface.
But, continuous development along with air-conditioning technical, in order to improve the heat exchanger effectiveness of heat exchanger, the aluminium fin that is used for heat exchanger of air condition is developing towards the thin-walled property direction, and thisly bombard the making Nano surface that metal material surface obviously is not suitable for thin aluminium fin in succession, even may puncture the aluminium fin by hard particles.
Therefore, need a kind of aluminium foil for heat exchanger, have good surface nature, and then it is long-pending effectively to increase the aluminium fin surface from microcosmic surface, improves heat exchange efficiency.The present invention has finished the present invention by big quantity research.
Summary of the invention
The air-conditioning that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of aluminium foil for heat exchanger, its manufacture method and use the heat exchanger of this aluminium foil and use this heat exchanger to use.
Aluminium foil for heat exchanger provided by the invention surface has well hydrophilic or hydrophobicity, and corrosion resistance, and it is long-pending to have increased aluminium foil surface, thereby effectively improved the heat exchanger effectiveness of the heat exchanger that uses this aluminium foil, and the heat exchange efficiency that uses the air-conditioning of this heat exchanger, and energy savings, the service life of prolongation air-conditioning.
The invention provides a kind of above-mentioned aluminium foil for heat exchanger, its thickness is between 40-150 μ m, and microcosmic surface has projection, and the height of described projection is between 0.001-50 μ m, and width is between 0.001-20 μ m, at interval between 0.001-20 μ m.
Described projection be shaped as strip.
Described projection be shaped as column.
When the height of described projection between 0.001-0.1 μ m, width between 0.001-0.1 μ m, at interval between 0.001-1 μ m, described aluminium foil for heat exchanger performance hydrophobicity.
When the height of described projection between 0.1-50 μ m, width between 0.1-20 μ m, at interval between 1-20 μ m, described aluminium foil for heat exchanger performance hydrophily.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium foil for heat exchanger, and its step comprises
1) preliminary treatment engineering;
2) alligatoring engineering;
3) intermediate treatment engineering; And
4) nanometer engineering,
In the present invention, the step of described preliminary treatment engineering comprises with NaOH, Na
3PO
4, surfactant and water are mixed with solution in proportion makes the aluminium foil surface degreasing, water cleans subsequently, pickling is to remove the aluminium foil surface foreign matter then.
Described alligatoring engineering comprises utilizes chemical roughen or electrolyzing and coarsening, makes aluminium foil surface form rough surface.
Described intermediate treatment engineering is to utilize anodic oxidation to comprise that sulfuric acid process, sulfuric acid-Oxalic Acid Method, Oxalic Acid Method and phosphoric acid method wait the case hardness that improves aluminium foil, and corrosion stability and wearability.
Described nanometer engineering comprises deep layer active ion etch method or sol-gel synthetic method.
Described deep layer active ion etch method is to obtain aluminium foil surface by etch to form projection, thereby realizes making Nano surface.
Described sol-gel synthetic method is nano level particle to be attached to aluminium foil surface make aluminium foil surface form projection, thereby realizes nanometer.
The present invention also provides a kind of heat exchanger, and it comprises aluminium foil for heat exchanger of the present invention at least.
The present invention also provides a kind of air-conditioning, and it comprises heat exchanger at least, and described heat exchanger comprises aluminium foil for heat exchanger of the present invention at least.
As mentioned above, preparation method of the present invention avoids prior art to apply hydrophilic coating and corrosion-inhibiting coating and the problem of the decline of the whole heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger that causes at aluminium foil surface, also avoided simultaneously carrying out making Nano surface and possible injury to aluminium foil surface by hard particles bombardment aluminium foil surface, have surface of good characteristic, hydrophily or hydrophobicity, corrosion resistance thereby make it obtain aluminium foil for heat exchanger of the present invention, and good heat exchanger effectiveness.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the microcosmic surface of aluminium foil for heat exchanger;
Fig. 2 is the contact angle θ schematic diagram of aluminium foil surface water;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of expression aluminium foil for heat exchanger preparation method process of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the aluminium fin of heat exchanger of the present invention;
Fig. 5 schematically shows the schematic diagram of the air-conditioning with heat exchanger of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of aluminium foil for heat exchanger, as shown in Figure 1, its thickness H is between 40-150 μ m, microcosmic surface has projection, the height h of this projection is between 0.001-50 μ m, spout width A is between 0.001-20 μ m, and B is between 0.001-20 μ m at interval for projection, and the P value is between 0.001-50 μ m.
The projection of the microcosmic surface of aluminium foil for heat exchanger of the present invention can be strip or column, and difference to some extent can certainly be other shapes according to procedure of processing is different.
When the aluminium foil with above-mentioned microscopic surface texture in working order the time, when particularly contacting with the water droplet that suspends in the air, its contact angle θ should increase or reduce as far as possible as far as possible, and the size of the size of contact angle θ and aluminium foil microcosmic surface projection is closely related, as shown in Figure 2, when contact angle θ increases to certain angle, aluminium foil performance hydrophobicity; When contact angle θ is decreased to certain angle, aluminium foil performance hydrophily.
When projection satisfies height h between 0.001-0.1 μ m, spout width A is between 0.001-0.1 μ m, projection interval B is between 0.001-1 μ m, the P value is between 0.001-50 μ m the time, contact angle θ increases, the hydrophobicity that the microcosmic surface performance is bigger makes water droplet be difficult for being attached to aluminium foil surface, thereby avoids water droplet to influence the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger at aluminium foil surface formation condensed water.
When projection satisfies height h between 0.1-50 μ m, spout width A is between 0.1-20 μ m, projection interval B is between 1-20 μ m, the P value is between 1-50 μ m the time, contact angle θ reduces as far as possible, aluminium foil performance hydrophily, and promptly the hydrophily that aluminium foil surface had can be before water droplet be shaped, condensate water is opened in its diffusion into the surface, thereby prevents the generation of condensate water.Avoid water droplet to influence the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger at aluminium foil surface formation condensed water equally.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of described aluminium foil for heat exchanger, and its step comprises:
1) preliminary treatment engineering;
2) alligatoring engineering;
3) intermediate treatment engineering; And
4) nanometer engineering,
Describe preparation method's (if not otherwise specified, the % among the present invention is a mass percent) of aluminium foil for heat exchanger of the present invention below in detail.
1) preliminary treatment engineering
May exist dirt and defective to some extent on the material surface of the aluminium foil of using as heat exchanger, as dust, metal oxide (aluminum oxide film natural or that high temperature forms down), residual greasy dirt, pitch sign, a dead lift impression of the hand (main component is aliphatic acid and nitrogenous compound), welding flux and corrosion salt, metallic bur power, slight scratching wound etc.Therefore before the preparation aluminium foil for heat exchanger, need carry out necessary cleaning to product surface, make it appear the base metal surface of light with the method for chemistry and physics.
The step of described preliminary treatment engineering comprises with NaOH, Na
3PO
4, surfactant and water are mixed with solution in proportion makes the aluminium foil surface degreasing, water cleans subsequently, pickling is to remove the aluminium foil surface foreign matter then.
The method that is used for the aluminium foil surface degreasing comprises organic solvent degreasing, surfactant degreasing, alkaline degreasing solution, acid solution degreasing, electrolytic degreasing, emulsion degreasing.Preferably with alkaline degreasing solution, more preferably with the degreasing of hot sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the concentration of NaOH is preferably 0.05-10.0%, Na
3PO
4Concentration be preferably 1.0-15.0%, and surfactant concentrations is preferably 1-5g/L, is mixed with corresponding alkaline solution after the water dissolving, and keeps this alkaline solution temperature to be 60-70 ℃ carrying out degreasing, the preferred 20-60s of degreasing time; Then, water thoroughly cleans aluminium foil, removes residual liquid and water-soluble product on surface, preferably cleans with 40-60 ℃ water, and the mode of cleaning can be for washing or scrubbing; Then, pickling neutralization is removed the dust of aluminium foil surface and residual alkali lye to appear its bright base metal surface, and used acid solution preferably contains the HNO of 20-30%
3, preferably in normal temperature condition, to carry out, the time of pickling is preferably 30-60s.
The described surfactant that is used for the alkaline solution of degreasing is selected from soap, synthetic detergent, lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex etc.
Described pickling neutralization is because grey or black dust that aluminium foil adheres to through hot alkaline solution degreasing rear surface are not dissolved in clear water cold or heat is washed, but can be dissolved in the acid solution, so the aluminium foil through the hot alkaline solution degreasing is intended to remove dust and residual alkali lye, with in the acidleach of exposing bright base metal surface and clean.
2) alligatoring engineering
Described alligatoring engineering comprises utilizes chemical roughen or electrolyzing and coarsening, makes aluminium foil surface form rough surface.As shown in Figure 3, form micron-sized rough surface on aluminium foil material surface.
Described chemical roughen is to utilize temperature for example at 40-60 ℃ NH
4HF
4Solution-treated 2-5 minute, make aluminium foil surface form micron-sized rough surface.
Described electrolyzing and coarsening is to utilize alternating current to make aluminium foil obtain alligatoring in acid medium.Wherein, described acid medium can be hydrochloric acid or nitric acid, and the concentration of preferred hydrochloric acid or nitric acid is 3-10g/L, and the density of alternating current is preferably 3-10L/dm
2, the temperature of preferred acidic solution is 20-30 ℃, the processing time is preferably 2-50 minute, makes aluminium foil surface form micron-sized rough surface.
3) intermediate treatment engineering
Described intermediate treatment engineering is to utilize anodic oxidation to comprise that sulfuric acid process, sulfuric acid-Oxalic Acid Method, Oxalic Acid Method and phosphoric acid method wait the case hardness that improves aluminium foil, and corrosion stability and wearability.
Through grey or the black dust that the aluminium foil surface after the alligatoring adheres to, water insoluble because of it, need be removed by the strong alkali solution of heat.Strong alkali solution can be NaOH, potassium hydroxide etc., is preferably sodium hydroxide solution, and concentration is 3-10g/L, the temperature that keeps this alkaline solution 50-70 ℃ to remove through the aluminium foil after the alligatoring, the processing time is preferably 30-100s.
Because the autoxidation aluminium of aluminium foil surface is not only soft but also thin, corrosion resistance is poor, therefore need increase aluminium foil surface hardness by anodic oxidation, improves the wearability and the corrosion resistance of aluminium foil.Described anodic oxidation places electrolyte solution with aluminium foil as anode exactly, utilizes electrolysis, makes its surface form the process of aluminum oxide film, is called aluminium foil anodic oxidation and handles.Utilizable anode oxidation method comprises sulfuric acid process, Oxalic Acid Method, chromic acid method, mixed acid process etc., and its electric current that is used for electrolysis can be direct current, alternating current or pulse current.Preferred direct current sulphuric acid anodizing method, the prescription of its electrolyte can for: the electrolyte that 5% sulfuric acid and 95% water form exists the direct current of 5～10A/dm2, the voltage of 15V, in 20 ℃ the temperature environment, aluminium foil is carried out anodic oxidation, preferred 2～5 minutes of time.
Other optional anode oxidation method also comprises:
Sulfuric acid-Oxalic Acid Method: electrolyte prescription is sulfuric acid 17～20%, oxalic acid 2% and water 80～83%, direct current 0.5～1A/dm2, and voltage 10～12V, temperature is lower than 18 ℃, 20 minutes processing times;
Oxalic Acid Method: electrolyte prescription oxalic acid 10% and water 90%, direct current 2A/dm2, voltage 45～55V, 30 ℃ of temperature, 5 minutes processing times; And
Phosphoric acid method: electrolyte prescription: phosphatase 11 0～30% and water 70～90%, direct current 1～2A/dm2, voltage 20～30V, 30～50 ℃ of temperature, 5 minutes processing times.
Carry out sealing of hole at last and handle improving the corrosion stability and the resistance tocrocking of aluminium foil, it is that fine pore with by the oxidation film layer that forms after the anodic oxidation is sealed that described sealing of hole is handled, and handles the even atresia that the rear surface becomes through sealing, forms fine and close oxide-film.Oxide-film after handling through sealing of hole no longer has adsorptivity, can avoid being adsorbed with harmful substances and contaminated or early stage corrosion, thereby improve the performance such as anti-pollution, against corrosion of anode oxide film.Method for sealing comprises hydration sealing of hole, metal salt solution sealing of hole, transparent organic coating sealing of hole.Preferable alloy salting liquid sealing of hole of the present invention is handled.Sealing of hole in the metal salt solution, the hydration reaction of oxide-film had both taken place, exist the new metal complex of saline hydrolysis generation hydroxide or metal ion and dye molecule reaction generation again and precipitate the process of separating out in membrane pores, their actings in conjunction make pore closure.The method of utilizable metal salt solution sealing of hole for example can for:
Sodium metasilicate 5%, 90～100 ℃ of water 95% temperature, are handled thereby finish sealing of hole at 30～40 minutes time or 90～100 ℃ of 1～3 minute times of potassium fluorozirconate 0.5～1g/L water 1L temperature.
4) nanometer engineering
Described nanometer engineering comprises deep layer active ion etch method (Deep Reactive ionetching) or sol-gel synthetic method (Sol-Gel).
As shown in Figure 3, after the aluminium foil material is handled through electrolyzing and coarsening, the surface forms the micron order rough surface of light, make its surface form nano level microspike through deep layer active ion etch or sol-gel synthetic method then, Fig. 3 has schematically represented the structure and the size of aluminium foil surface nanoscale projection.As shown in the figure, schematically show the aluminium foil microcosmic surface of the nanometer that forms by etch of deep layer active ion or sol-gel synthetic method respectively.
Described deep layer active ion etch method is to make aluminium foil surface form projection by etch, thereby realizes making Nano surface.The employed machine models of DRIE method has the AMS 100/200 SE system of Alcatel company: its principle is to utilize induces the high concentration plasma producing apparatus in the cavity of device aluminium foil surface to be carried out the etch of deep layer active ion in pairs; at normal temperatures; its use very thin fluorine-based non-corrosiveness etchant coating (for example fluorocarbons polymeric coating layer) protect required base material in whole etch process not by etch, and control the shape that institute's etch produces thus.
Described sol-gel synthetic method is to make aluminium foil surface form projection by nano level particle being attached to aluminium foil surface, thereby realizes nanometer.The Sol-Gel method is presoma with the butyl titanate, earlier butyl titanate is dissolved in the alcohols solvent, add glacial acetic acid or acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione subsequently as inhibitor, make it to form chelate with the butyl titanate reaction, and form the stable sols system with solvent, and drip the mixed liquor of deionized water, pure and mild hydrochloric acid in the colloidal sol gradually, make the even hydrolysis of butyl titanate, thereby crosslinked, branching formation polymer further takes place again, and sol system loses flowability gradually and becomes gel; Aluminium flake is soaked into therein, by controlling its infiltrating time length and the number of times spacing between can the control surface nano particle, pass through two-part heating process then: first section is heated to 160 ℃, and second section is heated to 500 ℃ again nanometer particle is combined with aluminium foil surface.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of heat exchanger, which comprises at least aluminium foil for heat exchanger of the present invention, and the heat exchanger effectiveness and the corrosion resistance of this heat exchanger all are significantly improved.
As shown in Figure 4, heat exchanger provided by the invention, which comprises at least aluminium fin 1, the aluminium foil for heat exchanger that this aluminium fin utilizes preparation method of the present invention to obtain is made, circular aperture and elongated groove are arranged on the described aluminium fin 1, the passing through of air-flow when circular aperture helps heat exchange, elongated groove can be used to increase the surface area of aluminium fin, thereby increases the heat exchange area of heat exchanger.The shape of aluminium fin determines as the case may be.The aluminium fin of heat exchanger of the present invention has good hydrophily, and promptly wettability becomes under the thin water film flow condensed water; Perhaps have good hydrophobicity, prevent adhering to of condensed water, can effectively keep out extraneous various corrosion simultaneously.Therefore, heat exchanger of the present invention can effectively improve heat exchanger effectiveness.
As shown in Figure 5, air-conditioning provided by the invention, which comprises at least heat exchanger of the present invention, this heat exchanger utilized according to preparation method of the present invention obtain aluminium foil for heat exchanger, described heat exchanger comprises condenser 2 and evaporimeter 3 at least, circulates the realization heat exchange by refrigerant, wherein, under the normal temperature condition of low latitude, refrigerant heats rising in evaporimeter 3, flows out from evaporimeter 3; After refrigerant enters condenser 2, after refrigerant is cooled under the cryogenic conditions of high-altitude, from condenser 2, flow out, be back to evaporimeter 3, thereby realize heat exchange, finish the refrigeration of air-conditioning and heat process.The heat exchanger effectiveness of air-conditioning of the present invention is significantly improved, and has saved the energy, and also obtains significant prolongation service life.
The preparation method who shows a pair of aluminium foil for heat exchanger of the present invention sums up.
Table 1
| The preparation method | Concrete steps | Medium | Current density A/dm2 | Voltage v | Temperature ℃ | Processing time |
| The preliminary treatment engineering | Degreasing | NaOH 0.05-10.0％， Na 3PO 41.0-15.0%, surfactant 1-5g/L, water 80-99% | - | - | 60-70 | 20-60s |
| Clean | Water | - | - | 40-60 | Till cleaning up | |
| Pickling | HNO 3 20-30％ | - | - | Normal temperature | 30-60s | |
| The alligatoring engineering | Chemical roughen | NH 4HF 4 5-10％ | - | - | 40-60 | 2-5min |
| Electrolyzing and coarsening | HCl3-10g/L | Alternating current 3-10 | - | 20-30 | 2-5min | |
| HNO 3 3-10g/L | Alternating current 3-10 | - | 20-30 | 2-5min | ||
| The intermediate treatment engineering | Highly basic removes dust | NaOH 5-15g/L | - | - | 50-70 | 30-100s |
| Anodic oxidation | Sulfuric acid 5%, water 95% | Direct current 5-10 | 15 | 20 | 2-5min | |
| Sulfuric acid 17～20%, oxalic acid 2%, water 80～83% | Direct current 0.5～1 | 10～12 | ≤18 | 20min | ||
| Oxalic acid 10%, water 90% | Direct current 2 | 45-55 | 30 | 5min | ||
| Phosphatase 11 0-30% | Direct current 1-2 | 20-30 | 30-50 | 5min | ||
| Sealing of hole is handled | Sodium metasilicate 5%, water 95% | - | - | 90～100 | 30～40min | |
| Potassium fluorozirconate 0.5～1g/L, water 1L | - | - | 90～100 | 1～3min | ||
| The nanometer engineering | The etch of deep layer active ion | |||||
| Sol-gel is synthetic |
The following examples are used for more detailed description the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form.
Prepare aluminium foil for heat exchanger of the present invention.
1. preliminary treatment engineering: the thickness of being filmed without hydrophilic organic in the surface is that the aluminium foil material of 90 μ m is with containing 10.0% NaOH, 15.0% Na
3PO
4And the degreaser of the lauryl sodium sulfate of 5g/L carries out cleaning and degreasing, and skimming temp is 70 ℃, and degreasing time is 60s; Use 60 ℃ water that the aluminium foil surface cleaning down is clean subsequently; Then in the normal temperature, aluminium foil is immersed 30%HNO
360s appears bright base metal surface to remove dust in the acid;
2. alligatoring engineering: aluminium foil is put in the HCl acid medium of 10g/L, utilized density to be 10A/dm
2Alternating current carry out the electrolyzing and coarsening of aluminium foil surface, the alligatoring temperature is 30 ℃, coarsening time is 5min, makes aluminium foil surface form the coarse micron order surface of light.
3. intermediate treatment engineering: utilize 70 ℃ the NaOH solution of 15g/L to remove one deck grey dust of adhering to through aluminium foil surface after the alligatoring, the processing time is 100s; Subsequently aluminium foil is immersed in 30% phosphoric acid, utilize 2A/dm
2Direct current and 30V voltage carry out aluminium foil anodic oxidation, and the time is 5min; Carry out sealing of hole with 100 ℃ 5% sodium silicate solution at last and handle, the sealing of hole time is 40 minutes.
4. nanometer engineering: the aluminium foil after will handling through sealing of hole, in previously prepared gel, soak into 30min, this gel is with 17ml Ti (C
4H
9O)
4, 22ml absolute ethyl alcohol, 418ml glacial acetic acid, 118ml deionized water and 22ml absolute ethyl alcohol mix the back and constantly stir and obtain after the gelling material that generates leaves standstill 3d; Then aluminium foil is carried out the two-part heating: first section is heated to 160 ℃, second section is heated to 500 ℃ again and makes nano level gel particles be attached to aluminium foil surface, form projection at aluminium foil surface, its height is between 0.001～0.1 μ m, between 0.001～1 μ m, spout width is at 0.001～0.1 μ m at interval for projection.
The aluminium foil for heat exchanger that obtains thus shows certain hydrophobicity.
Embodiment 2
Prepare aluminium foil for heat exchanger of the present invention.
1. preliminary treatment engineering: the thickness of being filmed without hydrophilic organic in the surface is that the aluminium foil material of 90 μ m is with containing 10.0% NaOH, 15.0% Na
3PO
4And the degreaser of the lauryl sodium sulfate of 5g/L carries out cleaning and degreasing, and skimming temp is 70 ℃, and degreasing time is 60s; Use 60 ℃ water that the aluminium foil surface cleaning down is clean subsequently; Then in the normal temperature, aluminium foil immersed 60s appears bright base metal surface to remove dust in the 30%HNO3 acid;
2. alligatoring engineering: aluminium foil put 10.0% NH
4HF
4In the solution, carry out chemical roughen, wherein, the alligatoring temperature is 60 ℃, and coarsening time is 5min, makes aluminium foil surface form the coarse micron order surface of light.
3. intermediate treatment engineering: utilize 70 ℃ the NaOH solution of 15g/L to remove one deck grey dust of adhering to through aluminium foil surface after the alligatoring, the processing time is 100s; Subsequently aluminium foil is immersed in the acid solution that the water of 20% sulfuric acid, 2% oxalic acid and 83% forms, utilize 1A/dm
2Direct current and 12V voltage carry out aluminium foil anodic oxidation in being lower than 18 ℃ temperature, the time is 20min; Carry out sealing of hole with the potassium fluorozirconate of 100 ℃ 1g/L and solution that 1L water is made at last and handle, the sealing of hole time is 3min.
4. nanometer engineering: the aluminium foil after will handling through sealing of hole, in previously prepared gel, soak into 1h, this gel is with 17ml Ti (C
4H
9O)
4, 22ml absolute ethyl alcohol, 418ml glacial acetic acid, 118ml deionized water and 22ml absolute ethyl alcohol mix the back and constantly stir and obtain after the gelling material that generates leaves standstill 2-3d: then aluminium foil is carried out the two-part heating: first section is heated to 160 ℃, second section is heated to 500 ℃ again and makes nano level gel particles be attached to aluminium foil surface, form projection at aluminium foil surface, its height is between 0.1～50 μ m, between 1～20 μ m, spout width is at 0.1～20 μ m at interval for projection.
The aluminium foil for heat exchanger that obtains thus shows certain hydrophily.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 4, the heat exchanger of present embodiment comprises aluminium fin 1 at least, is that hydrophobicity or the hydrophily aluminium foil for heat exchanger that utilizes embodiment 1 or 2 to obtain made.Described aluminium fin 1 has the bending of certain angle, circular aperture and elongated groove are arranged above, the passing through of air-flow when circular aperture helps heat exchange, elongated groove can be used to increase the surface area of aluminium fin, thereby increases the heat exchange area of heat exchanger.The aluminium fin of the heat exchanger in the present embodiment has good hydrophobicity or hydrophily, can effectively keep out extraneous various corrosion simultaneously, so the heat exchanger effectiveness of heat exchanger effectively improves.
Embodiment 4
The air-conditioning of present embodiment comprises the heat exchanger of embodiment 3 at least, and as shown in Figure 5, the heat exchanger of this air-conditioning comprises condenser 2 and evaporimeter 3, by refrigerant circulate the realization heat exchange, wherein, under the normal temperature condition of low latitude, refrigerant heats rising in evaporimeter 3, flow out from evaporimeter 3; After refrigerant enters condenser 2, after refrigerant is cooled under the cryogenic conditions of high-altitude, from condenser 2, flow out, be back to evaporimeter, thereby realize heat exchange, finish the refrigeration of air-conditioning and heat process.The heat exchanger effectiveness of air-conditioning of the present invention is significantly improved, and has saved the energy, and also obtains significant prolongation service life.
Claims (11)
1. an aluminium foil for heat exchanger is characterized in that, its thickness is between 40-150 μ m, and microcosmic surface has projection, and the height of described projection is between 0.001-50 μ m, and width is between 0.001-20 μ m, at interval between 0.001-20 μ m.
2. aluminium foil for heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein, described projection be shaped as strip.
3. aluminium foil for heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein, described projection be shaped as column.
4. aluminium foil for heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein, when the height of described projection between 0.001-0.1 μ m, width between 0.001-0.1 μ m, at interval between 0.001-1 μ m, described aluminium foil performance hydrophobicity.
5. aluminium foil for heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein, when the height of described projection between 0.1-50 μ m, width between 0.1-20 μ m, at interval between 1-20 μ m, described aluminium foil performance hydrophily.
6. one kind prepares thickness between 40-150 μ m, and microcosmic surface has projection, and the height of described projection is between 0.001-50 μ m, width is between 0.001-20 μ m, the method of the aluminium foil for heat exchanger of interval between 0.001-20 μ m is characterized in that its step comprises:
1) preliminary treatment engineering: with NaOH, Na
3PO
4, surfactant and water are mixed with solution in proportion makes the aluminium foil surface degreasing, water cleans subsequently, pickling is to remove the aluminium foil surface foreign matter then;
2) alligatoring engineering: utilize chemical roughen or electrolyzing and coarsening, make aluminium foil surface form rough surface;
3) intermediate treatment engineering: utilize anodic oxidation to improve the case hardness of aluminium foil and corrosion stability and wearability; And
4) nanometer engineering: utilize deep layer active ion etch method or sol-gel synthetic method, form nanometer at aluminium foil surface.
7. the preparation method of aluminium foil for heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein, described anodic oxidation is selected from a kind of in sulfuric acid process, sulfuric acid-Oxalic Acid Method, Oxalic Acid Method and the phosphoric acid method.
8. the preparation method of aluminium foil for heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein, described deep layer active ion etch method is to obtain aluminium foil surface by etch to form projection, thereby realizes making Nano surface.
9. the preparation method of aluminium foil for heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein, described sol-gel synthetic method is nano level particle to be attached to aluminium foil surface make aluminium foil surface form projection, thereby realizes making Nano surface.
10. a heat exchanger is characterized in that, comprises any described aluminium foil for heat exchanger among the claim 1-5 at least.
11. an air-conditioning comprises heat exchanger at least, it is characterized in that, described heat exchanger comprises any described aluminium foil for heat exchanger among the claim 1-5 at least.
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| CNB2005100804386A CN100443851C (en) | 2005-07-01 | 2005-07-01 | Aluminium foil for heat exchanger, its making method and heat exchanger using same and air conditioner |
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| CNB2005100804386A CN100443851C (en) | 2005-07-01 | 2005-07-01 | Aluminium foil for heat exchanger, its making method and heat exchanger using same and air conditioner |
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| CN100443851C CN100443851C (en) | 2008-12-17 |
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| CN101778683A (en) * | 2007-08-16 | 2010-07-14 | H.C.施塔克有限公司 | Nanostructured of forming by valve metal and valve metal protoxide and preparation method thereof |
| CN101104167B (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2010-10-20 | 横店集团东磁有限公司 | Method for manufacturing hydrophilic aluminium foil |
| CN104416307A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2015-03-18 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | Heating plate for welding bench, manufacturing method of welding bench and welding bench |
| CN104964487A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-10-07 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Heat exchanger, air conditioner and machining method for metal foils |
| CN105459499A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-06 | 北海光利彩色印刷有限公司 | Aluminum air conditioner foil with breathability and preparation method thereof |
| CN105509412A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-04-20 | 中山弗雷德机械有限公司 | Condensation system and condenser for biological pharmacy |
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| GB1387827A (en) * | 1971-07-16 | 1975-03-19 | Ass Eng Ltd | Heat exchangers |
| GB1434364A (en) * | 1972-05-05 | 1976-05-05 | Covrad Ltd | Corrugated sheet material |
| JPS57184892A (en) * | 1981-05-06 | 1982-11-13 | Sharp Corp | Sensible heat exchanger |
| JPH07208887A (en) * | 1994-01-17 | 1995-08-11 | Abb Gadelius Kk | Heat exchange element for rotary regenerative type total heat exchanger |
| CN2241318Y (en) * | 1995-01-18 | 1996-11-27 | 孙甫 | Hydrophilic aluminium foil for air conditioner heat exchanger |
| CN1100102C (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2003-01-29 | 常州市兴荣机电制造有限公司 | Film-forming agent for hydrophilic and corrosion resistant film, its precoated film aluminium foil and film forming method |
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| CN105459499A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-06 | 北海光利彩色印刷有限公司 | Aluminum air conditioner foil with breathability and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105509412B (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2018-10-26 | 中山弗雷德机械有限公司 | A kind of condenser system and condenser of bio-pharmaceuticals |
| CN108235666A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Surface regulation and control flexible microflute group is heat sink, radiator and method |
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