Pretreated mine tailing, with this pretreated mine tailing travertine gelled material of main raw material preparation and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gelling material, or rather, relate to pretreated mine tailing, be the travertine gelled material of main raw material preparation and their preparation method with this pretreated mine tailing.
Background technology
Mine tailing is one of solid waste of the present quantum of output maximum of China.Total quantum of output of the present annual mine tailing of China is 600,000,000 tons, and wherein 500,000,000 tons is iron tailings, and all the other are non-ferro metals debris, precious metal mine tailing and nonmetalliferous ore mine tailing.The accumulation volume of cargo in storage of China's mine tailing is 6,000,000,000 tons.Except that the mine tailing of the mine tailing of minority skarn type iron ore and part nonmetalliferous ore, SiO in the mine tailing of most iron ores and non-ferro metals debris and the precious metal mine tailing
2With Al
2O
3Therefore sum belongs to high sial system all greater than 50%.A large amount of tailings impoundment like this, not only occupy a large amount of farmlands, mountains and rivers, brought havoc for environment and ecology, but also can be because mine tailing storehouse overload operation or mismanagement cause dam-break accident, bring massive losses and catastrophic environmental accident to the people's lives and property.Utilize mine tailing to prepare the existing a large amount of patent application of cement class gelling material of high calcium system both at home and abroad.Chinese patent publication number 200310109672 relates to the method that a kind of metal tailings (skarn) is produced cement or cement products, wherein disclose and added in the cement manufacturing that 10~35% metal tailings (skarn) are produced cement as blended material and part replaces the method for manufacture of cement cement products, but still continued the basic manufacturing process of traditional high calcium system cement.Chinese patent publication number 011302336 relates to a kind of Portland clinker, wherein disclosing a kind of is the method that the raw material of the batching of raw material is made cement clinker with Wingdale, iron tailings, flyash, boiler bottom slag, still belongs to a kind of manufacture method of traditional high calcium system silicate cement.Chinese patent publication number 96109194 relates to a kind of recovery method of tailings of iron ore, wherein mine tailing is made FeCO by being calcined to 400~800 ℃
3Be transformed into Fe
3O
4The method of iron is reclaimed in magnetic separation again, simultaneously the CaCO in the mine tailing
3And MgCO
3Be converted to CaO and MgO, kaolinite is transformed into metakaolinite, thereby the remainder after the magnetic separation has hydraulically active, as the raw material of producing cement of low index.This technology of inventing disclosed production cement of low index has been continued to use in traditional cement with the thought of chainotte as active addition of cement.Chinese patent publication number 92106479 relates to and utilizes the copper mine tailing to produce cement clinker, wherein with copper mine tailing 5~9%, Wingdale 71~80%, clay 4.5~6.5%, hard coal 6% is produced cement clinker as the batching of raw material, and wherein the main effect of copper mine tailing is the instead of part clay, and SiO is provided
2, and have certain mineralizer effect, its technological line still to continue to use the technological line of traditional portland high calcium system.
Publication number is that 02158190 patent of invention " coagulating stone dualization wet cement and uses thereof " has been described and adopted big volume waste residue wet method to prepare the method for travertine gelled material, earlier material is not carried out pretreated technology but introduce the principle that adopts hydrothermal alteration, do not comprise with the mine tailing being the technology that main material production is coagulated stone yet.
The method of hydrothermal alteration of the present invention is invented according to hydrothermal alteration action principle in the geologic function.Hydrothermal alteration is ubiquitous in geologic process, is the most important effect that mineral composition changes in the earth's crust.Hydrothermal alteration on the fugitive constituent group just deviate from have strong polarity, advantage of high activity in a flash, act on the mineral grain surface, lattice surface is acutely destroyed, scission of link increases, reactive behavior improves, for subsequently corrosion, depolymerization, migration lays the first stone.The intensity of this hydrothermal alteration can also increase substantially under the compound synergistic effect effect of many components salt.
The present invention relates to a kind of the reaction mine tailing is carried out can using mine tailing (can reach more than 70%) by vast scale after the pre-treatment, mix (below 30%) or not water mixing mud grog less, produce the technology of travertine gelled material with cement of high index performance by hydrothermal alteration.
Summary of the invention
The present invention coaches with the stone theory of coagulating of imitative ground diagenesis, and the hydrothermal alteration process of particularly imitating in the geologic function is carried out pre-treatment to mine tailing.Pretreated method is: with mine tailing 30~90%, add 0.1~8% and contain K
+Or/and Na
+Or/and Ca
2+Or/and Mg
2+Or/and Fe
2+And contain SO
4 2-Or/and CO
3 2-Or/and NO
3 -Or/and NO
2 -Or/and PO
4 3-Or/and SiO
4 4-Or/and Cl
-Or/and F
-The ionic salts substances and 5~60% contain crystal water or/and contain hydroxide radical or/and hydroxyl or/and contain CO
2And other material that contains volatile components is mixed together the back and carries out alteration reaction at 200~900 ℃.These materials that contain volatile components comprise oil generation shale waste residue or/and the soft coal spoil or/and red mud or/and the slaked lime that forms by unslaked lime suction back or/and Wingdale or/and gypsum or/and ettringite or/and the waste and old concrete fine powder or/and clay.The principle of hydrothermal alteration reaction is to have strong polarity and high reactivity in a flash when utilizing above-mentioned various fugitive constituent group just to deviate from from some mineral, and under the compound synergy of different kinds of ions, act on the mine tailing particle, thereby and make it to produce a large amount of scission of links or depolymerization is activated.The blended process can be wet mixing, also can be to do to mix.The equipment that is adopted is ball mill or forced action type mixer, fully contacts with the particle that guarantees material.When adopting ball mill as mixing equipment, material size can be loosened to 0~2000 μ m, and discharging-material size is 0~100 μ m.When adopting forced mixer as mixing equipment, material size is 0~100 μ m.When adopting the wet mixing pattern, pug should carry out the forced dehydration processing after going out mill, controls its water ratio 0.1~20%, and finish mix cake of pug after will dewatering then or material piece or pellet or material powder are sent into and carried out the hydrothermal alteration reaction in the alteration reactor.When adopt to do mixing pattern, gained dry powder also need finish mix cake or material piece or pellet or, can add 0.1~10% water in case of necessity.
Hydrothermal alteration is reflected in the high-temperature reactor to be carried out, and high-temperature reactor can be the continous way kiln or the periodic kilns the kiln of various types, is the heated kiln of fluidized as rotary kiln or tunnel kiln or chain furnace or drawer kiln or shuttle kiln or the bed of material.The temperature of hydrothermal alteration reaction is 200~900 ℃, and the time of reaction is 0.6~800 minute.
Will be through the pretreated material of hydrothermal alteration reaction with cement clinker and blast furnace slag or/and other is through the solid waste mix grinding of pyroprocess or levigate respectively back remix.Except that above-mentioned main raw material, also to add the gypsum that accounts for binder total amount 0~8% and 0.1~5% rock forming agent.The weight percent that above-mentioned main raw material mixes is: the material 50~90% after the hydrothermal alteration; Cement clinker 0.1~29%; Blast furnace slag 0~30%; Other is through the solid waste 0~20% of pyroprocess.Described other is that slag behind the coal gangue, slag, burning city domestic garbage of flyash, spontaneous combustion and flying dust, waste ceramic, cullet and all are the slag of fuel with coal or resinous shale through solid waste of pyroprocess.
The weight percent of the main chemical of the material after the aforesaid hydrothermal alteration is: SiO
260~80%, Al
2O
35~20%, Fe
2O
30.1~15%, CaO 0.1~20%, MgO 0.1~10%; K
2O 0.01~10%; Na
2O 0.01~5%; Burn and lose 0.5~10%, other is 0.1~5% years old.Aforesaid blast furnace slag, the weight percent of its main chemical is: SiO
230~50%, Al
2O
32~10%, CaO 30~40%, and MgO 3~15%; Other is 0.1~8% years old.Aforesaid gypsum can be natural dehydrated gyp-, dihydrate gypsum, and desulfurated plaster, phosphogypsum or other contain CaSO
4Trade waste.Aforesaid rock forming agent is to support coagulating stone A rock forming agent and coagulating stone C rock forming agent of Science and Technology Ltd. available from indigo plant, wherein coagulates the prescription that stone A rock forming agent is used for cement clinker volume 〉=5%, and stone C rock forming agent is used for the prescription of cement clinker volume<5% with fixed attention.
The process of lapping of aforesaid material can be the independent levigate back of a various materials remix, also can be all materials mix grinding together.When the remix of the independent levigate back of various materials, the fineness of each material all should be ground to specific surface area 280~780m
2/ kg.If various materials together mix grinding then final compound should be ground to specific surface area 380~980m
2/ kg.The third Ginding process is that these difficult-to-grind materials of blast furnace slag with cement clinker and oven dry are ground to specific surface area 280~680m earlier
2/ kg, and then with other easy grind materials mix grinding.The final blending material should be ground to specific surface area 380~780m in this case
2/ kg.
Beneficial effect
1. mine tailing is turned waste into wealth, alleviate mine tailing and pile up the destruction that ecotope is caused; 2. the stone of being produced with fixed attention can be used as cement of high index in a lot of occasions and uses, but its production cost can reduce by 20~50% than producing cement; 3. production process reduces 50~80% to the comparable production cement of the load of environment
Preferred forms
With granularity in the mine tailing 65% in 0~2000 μ m magnetite quartzite sections ore deposit and granularity at 0~2000 μ m oil generation shale waste residue 25%, unslaked lime 5%, natural dihydrate gypsum 4.49%, Sodium Fluoride 0.2%, potassium nitrite 0.01%, ferrous sulfate 0.3%, the wet method mix grinding carried out processed with mud after 100 minutes in ball mill together.Pug after the dehydration carries out the hydrothermal alteration reaction after making pellet in rotary kiln, the temperature of reaction is 700 ℃, and the time of reaction is 200 minutes.To coagulate stone C rock forming agent mix grinding to specific surface area 540m with blast furnace slag 15% and 5% through the mixture 80% of alteration reaction
2/ kg.Resultant mixed powder can be used as the travertine gelled material finished product after homogenizing and check, this material carries out intensity and stability by the GB175-1999 standard and detects accessible performance and see Table 1.
Products obtained therefrom fundamental property among table 1 embodiment 1
Ultimate compression strength (MPa) | Folding strength (MPa) | Stability |
3 days | 28 days | 3 days | 28 days | |
23.3 | 56.2 | 4.8 | 9.4 | Qualified |
With granularity at 0~800 μ m gold mine tailing 90% and unslaked lime 5%, natural dihydrate gypsum 4.85%, yellow soda ash 0.1%, potassium nitrite 0.02%, water glass 0.02%, magnesium chloride 0.01%, the wet method mix grinding carried out processed with mud after 50 minutes in ball mill together.Pug after the dehydration carries out the hydrothermal alteration reaction after making pellet in rotary kiln, the temperature of reaction is 800 ℃, and the time of reaction is 56 minutes.The stone A rock forming agent that coagulates of the cement clinker of blast furnace slag 10% and 15% and 1% is mixed together and is milled to specific surface area 480m in advance
2/ kg is again with arriving specific surface area 580m through the mixture 70% of alteration reaction and 3% natural dihydrate gypsum mix grinding
2/ kg.Resultant mixed powder can be used as the travertine gelled material finished product after homogenizing and check, this material carries out intensity and stability by the GB175-1999 standard and detects accessible performance and see Table 2.
Products obtained therefrom fundamental property among table 2 embodiment 2
Ultimate compression strength (MPa) | Folding strength (MPa) | Stability |
3 days | 28 days | 3 days | 28 days | |
23.5 | 58.2 | 4.9 | 9.4 | Qualified |
With granularity at 0~300 μ m copper mine tailing 87% and unslaked lime 8%, natural dihydrate gypsum 4.84%, water glass 0.1%, magnesium chloride 0.01%, yellow soda ash 0.02%, potassium nitrite 0.03%, the wet method mix grinding carried out processed with mud after 100 minutes in ball mill together.Pug after the dehydration carries out the hydrothermal alteration reaction after making powder in cyclone type powder reactor, the temperature of reaction is 900 ℃, and the time of reaction is 1 minute.The stone A rock forming agent that coagulates of the cement clinker of blast furnace slag 5% and 10% and 1% is mixed together and is milled to specific surface area 490m in advance
2/ kg arrives specific surface area 580m with mixture 80% and 4% phosphogypsum mix grinding through the alteration reaction again
2/ kg.Resultant mixed powder can be used as the travertine gelled material finished product after homogenizing and check, this material carries out intensity and stability by the GB175-1999 standard and detects accessible performance and see Table 3.
Products obtained therefrom fundamental property among table 3 embodiment 3
Ultimate compression strength (MPa) | Folding strength (MPa) | Stability |
3 days | 28 days | 3 days | 28 days | |
21.5 | 53.2 | 4.2 | 9.5 | Qualified |
4. with the mine tailing 75% of granularity at the appositional pattern rhombohedral iron ore of 0~50 μ m, with shale moulded coal spoil fine powder 15%, unslaked lime 5%, natural dihydrate gypsum 4.82%, potassium silicate 0.1%, calcium chloride 0.01%, yellow soda ash 0.02%, magnesium nitrite 0.05%, the wet method mix grinding carried out processed with mud after 20 minutes in ball mill together.Carry out the hydrothermal alteration reaction behind finish mix of the pug after the dehydration in tunnel furnace, the temperature of reaction is 700 ℃, and the time of reaction is 800 minutes.To coagulate stone C rock forming agent mix grinding to specific surface area 520m with blast furnace slag 15% and 5% through the mixture 80% of alteration reaction
2/ kg.Resultant mixed powder can be used as the travertine gelled material finished product after homogenizing and check, this material carries out intensity and stability by the GB175-1999 standard and detects accessible performance and see Table 4.
Products obtained therefrom fundamental property among table 4 embodiment 4
Ultimate compression strength (MPa) | Folding strength (MPa) | Stability |
3 days | 28 days | 3 days | 28 days | |
24.5 | 47.1 | 4.1 | 8.2 | Qualified |