CN1876768A - Method and apparatus for cooling raw gas in heading proportion of reactor of cinder bath carburetor - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for cooling raw gas in heading proportion of reactor of cinder bath carburetor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1876768A
CN1876768A CN200510113659.9A CN200510113659A CN1876768A CN 1876768 A CN1876768 A CN 1876768A CN 200510113659 A CN200510113659 A CN 200510113659A CN 1876768 A CN1876768 A CN 1876768A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
raw gas
reactor
gasifier
pressure
solid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN200510113659.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
H·鲁巴特
F·卡姆卡
B·迈尔
A·约赫曼
G·延奇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sustec Schwarze Pumpe GmbH
Original Assignee
Sustec Schwarze Pumpe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sustec Schwarze Pumpe GmbH filed Critical Sustec Schwarze Pumpe GmbH
Publication of CN1876768A publication Critical patent/CN1876768A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/08—Continuous processes with ash-removal in liquid state
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/156—Sluices, e.g. mechanical sluices for preventing escape of gas through the feed inlet
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and a device for cooling the raw gas in the reactor upper part of the slag pool gasifier. The gasifier gasifies non-uniform material compound including solid waste with carbon and solid fuel with carbon when pressure greater than 20bar. The invention is characterized in that water sprays into free space above the material surface to cover the whole free cross section on the upper part of the reactor, and strongly reacts with the flowing raw gas that ascends from the solid material. A plural of spray nozzles are installed on the same horizontal around the reactor under the material loading container.

Description

The method and apparatus of raw gas that is used for the reactor top of cooled slag bath carburetor
Technical field
The present invention relates to particularly gasification heterogeneous material mixture in cinder bath carburetor of utilization of waste material field, wherein the heterogeneous material mixture is made up of carbonaceous solid waste and carbonaceous solid fuel.
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus that is used for the raw gas on cool furnace slag bath gasifying reactor top, to avoid in the top of gasifier, forming coke formula settling, particularly on the raw gas outlet orifice.
Background technology
Gasification itself is carried out under greater than the pressure of 20bar as automatic calorifics process.Realize discontinuously cinder bath carburetor being feeded by a known add-on system with above-mentioned heterogeneous material mixture.Reinforced initial temperature is constant relatively.The height of solid granule in reactor remains on the desired level by means of intermittent charging, and wherein, this reactor only moves (DE 195 09 570 C2) according to the method for decline bulk cargo.Need in gasifier, move with the condition of decline bulk cargo,, and evade its bonding tendency when slowly heating thus so that different Plastic wastes are in coking fast and pyrolysis.Agglutinating refuse-coal material mixture causes that in gasifier the solid granule aspect through-flow condition disturbs, and therefore may produce no longer controlled operation conditions, and consequently gasifier is essential shuts down.
In the raw gas of discharging continuously, producing pressure, flow and quality change according to this operation scheme run duration.Mainly be subjected to component and granular size, rate of heating and addition and these condition effect of interpolation frequency of technological temperature, operation pressure, the material that uses in the variation of this raw gas.
Described variation except the process of physics also owing to the raw gas composition, water vapor, pyrolysis gas, coking gas and the gasification gas that occur under difference processing condition constantly cause.All gases has a different component corresponding to its reaction kinetics.What acquire a special sense at this is pyrolytic reaction, and it at first produced consumingly when adding refuse when directly reaching pyrolysis temperature in the reinforced back of fire door and surpass maximum value mostly after the short period of time.Pyrolysis gas peak value makes average raw gas component and the skew of rough coal tolerance significantly.
Employed refuse has a relatively low thermotolerance and contains a large amount of heavy metals.
For these superfine coke grains that produces when the pyrogenic reaction, under＞750 ℃ controlled temperature with the process of the heavy metal that contains through a sintered type.Make coke grain have the agglutinating characteristic thus and be deposited on the top of gasifier, also because pressure, temperature variation is impelled is deposited on the body of heater and accessory such as the raw gas outlet is gone up and on reinforced pit shaft.
Described cinder bath carburetor is with a considerably less about 1kg Steam/ Nm 3 OxygenThe steam composition to move in the vaporized chemical, so that slag is placed in liquid state before the vaporized chemical fog nozzle, different with rotation grate-Solid Bed gasifier, they move in vaporized chemical-material blends with 8 to 10 times quantity of steam, so that therefore cooled slag also remains on the particulate state.Therefore the raw gas that is produced of described cinder bath carburetor yes unusual exsiccant, this helps bonding and crystal formation process.Have in addition＜granular size of the coke grain of 0.1mm is significantly less than the granular size of the coke grain that occurs in rotation grate-fixed bed gasifiers.
The described crystal formation free cross section that has reduced in the gasifier top area, particularly on the direction of raw gas outlet, this is along with the problem that causes the working time that continues on fluid technique and the detection technique, make gasification technically, also no longer can be controlled reliably on apparatus and process and must make gasifier out of service.
Be no lack of many suggestions thus, make the reactor operation scheme more controlled.Therefore advise, change the reinforced pit shaft (Akt.-Z.20 2,004 005 918.5) on reactor top.
Also advise a kind of discharge device of variation, the material blends that is used for being added is from the top (Akt.-Z.10 2,004 001 708.5) that the charging fire door adds reactor to, and this device can be according to a special rule operation.
Also suggestion (Akt.-Z.103 30 512.2) is set up isochronal, isosalinity line and/or an adiabatic and/or a circulation that can change and a maintenance stably in the raw gas outlet by a water-bearing media on temperature between raw gas and tube wall.Prevent to produce deposition in the raw gas outlet by this suggestion expectation, this suggestion is very overcritical technically and prerequisite is uniform running status, and as rough coal tolerance, pressure etc., they are in the extensive maintenance that is very difficult in service.
Above-mentioned suggestion is used to improve the operation conditions of above-mentioned difficulties undoubtedly, but can not thoroughly solve existing problem.
Summary of the invention
Therefore objectives and tasks of the present invention are, prevent since the above-mentioned uneven material blends that constitutes by carbonaceous solids refuse and carbonic solid fuels of desired use in the free cross section of reactor head and the bonding that equally also in the raw gas outlet, causes and crystal formation process and guarantee free through-flow operational process.
Be achieved thus according to this purpose of the present invention, from the free cross section on reactor top, be given to like this freeboard of solid granule top of decline, therefore the whole free cross section of this spatial be capped equably with make the water that carefully gushes out on the contrary from the flow direction of solid granule rising mobile raw gas.
The input of water by a plurality of be arranged on equably on the circumference of reactor top, on reinforced pit shaft lower height, only the nozzle in a horizontal plane is realized.Water leaves fog nozzle with a jet angle, and this jet angle guarantees to reach the whole free cross section of solid matter bulk cargo top.The whole free cross section that covers solid matter bulk cargo top by water smoke has avoided the part of the part surface of solid matter bulk cargo to cool off or isolating danger.Prevent to interrupt the danger of oxygen equally.
Also suppress and avoid as far as possible the process of various chemistry-physics thus, they bring out these so-called bondings and crystal formation and operation during in temperature＞750 ℃.
The required water yield can be regulated according to power and temperature for each nozzle independently by regulating accessory.In order to monitor the functional efficiency of single fog nozzle, detect the pressure reduction between water inlet pressure and the gasifier pressure respectively.Can be independently when needs stop to spray water by nitrogen wash and cool off each nozzle.
When the gasifier fault, on safety technique, interrupt supplying water by a quick closedown annex.
By certain water yield is atomized on gasifier top, because the big thermal capacity of water descends head temperature and raw gas temperature, its desired temperature range can be relatively accurately calculated and also dominant discharge setter well in practice in advance by means of the power parameter of gasifier.
By to the raw gas humidification, prevent the bonding characteristic of refuse coke grain, obviously improve the usability of gasifier thus and reduce maintenance thus and cleaning cost and the whole service result had positive influence.
Realize two other effects by cooling raw gas in reactor top, they utilize the operation of equipment to have active influence for the coal gas that especially is placed on gasifier.
Because lower raw gas and head temperature, coking and pyrolytic reaction are obviously slack-off and be not so violent, the operation scheme that this causes the level and smooth raw gas pressure change that can obviously feel and raw gas fluctuations in discharge and improves post equipment.
Be added in the gasifier by lower temperature with moisture, raw gas component (decomposition) is same to be changed.Molecular balance is offset to helping forming hydrogen under the condition that reduces the methane composition.This decomposition of synthesis gas changes especially for utilizing on the material significant.
Description of drawings
To describe the present invention in detail by means of accompanying drawing below.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the material blends of inhomogeneous (inhomogene) that is made up of carbonaceous solids refuse and carbonic solid fuels passes reinforced pit shaft 4 and arrives on the surface of bulk cargos by handling dosage miter valve 2 discontinuously from dosage fire door 1.On the height of the lower rim of reinforced pit shaft 44 fog nozzles 5 that are evenly distributed in a horizontal plane on the circumference of reactor top are set, its water inlet pipe road 6 passes reactor wall.Described fog nozzle 5 with respect to the horizontal plane is provided with such angle, makes its atomizer cone cover the whole free cross-sectional area of bulk cargo surface with its water smoke 7.That is, all must carry out strong reaction from the effusive rough coal air-flow 8 in bulk cargo surface with water spray before it arrives raw gas discharge awl 3.
List of numerals
1 dosage fire door
2 dosage miter valves
3 raw gass are discharged awl
4 reinforced pit shafts
5 fog nozzles
6 water inlet pipe roads
7 water sprays
8 rough coal air-flows

Claims (6)

1. the method for the raw gas on a reactor top that is used for the cooled slag bath carburetor, this cinder bath carburetor is used for the heterogeneous material mixture that gasification is made up of carbonaceous solids refuse and carbonic solid fuels under the condition of pressure＞20bar and decline bulk cargo, it is characterized in that, the space of the water that from the free cross section on reactor top, carefully gushes out and the solid granule top that is given to decline from solid granule rising mobile raw gas direction on the contrary like this, therefore whole free cross section is covered equably, with realize strong reaction from solid granule rising mobile raw gas, and make temperature drop to＜700 ℃.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the required water yield is regulated according to power and temperature for each fog nozzle independently by regulating accessory.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the functional efficiency of described each fog nozzle is determined by the pressure reduction between water inlet pressure and the gasifier pressure.
4. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, on the lower rim height of reinforced pit shaft a plurality of fog nozzles that are evenly distributed in a horizontal plane on the circumference of reactor top is set like this, makes its spray cone aim at the direction on bulk cargo surface.
5. device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, at least 4 fog nozzles are set.
6. device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the spray cone of described fog nozzle＞90 °.
CN200510113659.9A 2005-06-11 2005-10-14 Method and apparatus for cooling raw gas in heading proportion of reactor of cinder bath carburetor Pending CN1876768A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005027024A DE102005027024B3 (en) 2005-06-11 2005-06-11 Prevention of coke-formation discharges in the heading section and at the raw gas outlet of a cinder bath carburetor, comprises filling raw gas in fine atomized water reactor and occurring an intensive reaction
DE102005027024.7 2005-06-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1876768A true CN1876768A (en) 2006-12-13

Family

ID=36746196

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN200510113659.9A Pending CN1876768A (en) 2005-06-11 2005-10-14 Method and apparatus for cooling raw gas in heading proportion of reactor of cinder bath carburetor

Country Status (4)

Country Link
CN (1) CN1876768A (en)
CZ (1) CZ2006226A3 (en)
DE (1) DE102005027024B3 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200508675B (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD132980A1 (en) * 1977-01-26 1978-11-22 Guenter Scholz METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING THE DUST CONSUMPTION OF FIXED GAS GENERATORS OF COAL GASIFICATION
DE19509570C2 (en) * 1995-03-16 1997-01-16 Schwarze Pumpe Energiewerke Ag Process for pyrolysis and fixed-bed pressure gasification of carbonaceous substances
DE19509593C2 (en) * 1995-03-16 1997-01-23 Schwarze Pumpe Energiewerke Ag Process for parking fixed-bed gasifiers
DE10330512B4 (en) * 2003-07-05 2006-11-23 Sustec Schwarze Pumpe Gmbh Method and device for preventing deposits in raw gas feedthroughs
DE102004001708B4 (en) * 2004-01-13 2006-09-21 Sustec Schwarze Pumpe Gmbh Process and apparatus for continuous feeding of fixed bed pressure gasification reactors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ2006226A3 (en) 2007-01-17
ZA200508675B (en) 2006-07-26
DE102005027024B3 (en) 2006-08-17

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