CN1875180A - Starting control method of a car for reducing hc and harmful gas emissions - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a starting control method of a car, which skips fuel injection into some cylinders while an engine cycle proceeds 1 to 3 times after an initial start or a restart following an idle stop, such that the internal temperatures of the cylinders not injected with fuel are raised with the aid of compression heat by pistons and, then, normal fuel injection into the cylinders can be implemented, thereby reducing emission of noxious gas including unburned hydrocarbons, the unburned hydrocarbons being otherwise generated due to incomplete combustion of fuel. The method comprises the steps of judging whether or not an engine is in a starting or restarting state; and repeating one or more times a fuel skip cycle in which ignition and skip are alternately implemented in a predetermined ignition sequence of the cylinders, when it is judged that the engine is in the starting or restarting state.

Description

Be used to reduce the vehicle starting controlling method of hydrocarbon and noxious gas emission

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle starting controlling method that is used to reduce the noxious gas emission that comprises unburned hydrocarbon, more specifically, relate to a kind of vehicle starting controlling method that is used to reduce the noxious gas emission that comprises unburned hydrocarbon, described method initial start or idling stop resetting after 1-3 engine cycles process in, skip in some cylinders and inject fuel, so that the cylinder temperature of not injecting fuel is raise under the effect of piston motion generation compression heat in advance, when cylinder temperature is elevated to predetermined level by this way, cylinder is carried out normal fuel to be injected, reduce the discharging of the toxic gas that comprises unburned hydrocarbon thus, produce because of fuel combustion is insufficient when described unburned hydrocarbons is reset after initially starting or idling stop.

Background technique

Be well known in the art, in the petrol engine that automobile uses, gasoline and AIR MIXTURES are compressed in cylinder, and the mixture after the compression is lighted by electrical spark and burnt, and piston to-and-fro motion under the explosive force effect that mixture burns produced.Therefore, petrol engine is also referred to as reciprocating type spark ignition IC engine.Equally, in diesel engine, air was compressed into volume ratio about 1: 20 in cylinder, in the firing chamber, produce 500～700 ℃ temperature thus, and a kind of petroleum fuel, for example kerosene, light oil or heavy oil, these evaporation characteristics inferior to gasoline and the fuel that is difficult for being vaporized the device gasification be injected in the air of cylinder of described High Temperature High Pressure so that fuel can be spontaneously fire burns.Therefore, diesel engine is also referred to as the flourishing machine of reciprocating type compression-ignition, internal combustion.

As previously mentioned, although the petrol engine that uses in the automobile and diesel engine have from the combustion manner slight different mutually, but owing to all belong to explosive motor, they have similar in essence structure, described explosive motor PetroChina Company Limited.'s fuel or mixture are injected in four cylinders or six cylinders of four cylinders or six cylinder engine with the suitable volume ratio that depends on desired output power, be injected into burning unceasingly in the firing chamber in being limited to cylinder separately of mixture and petroleum fuel in the cylinder, and in cylinder, burn under the explosive force effect that produces the arbor rotation generation power that is connected with piston by fuel.Thereby in a motor, the performance of improving internal-combustion engine that the burning of fuel in cylinder should be appropriate and output power also reduce the discharge amount of automobile toxic gas.

When automobile on the way travels, when cylinder was fully heated, fuel burnt in cylinder fully.Yet, when the temperature of the constituent element of cylinder inner wall and motor is in lower situation, for example under the situation of initial start, i.e. cold starting, the burning of fuel is incomplete in the cylinder.Because this phenomenon, produced a problem, promptly in the initial start stage, the discharging that comprises the toxic gas of hydrocarbon significantly raises, content and the fuel mix ratio relation of described hydrocarbon in tail gas is little, and receive greatly because the influence of the partial combustion (that is loss of ignition) that combustion chamber low temperature causes.

Especially, in the motor of exploitation recently, for the purpose of improving starting performance, fuel a large amount of when transfer valve cuts out are present in the passage with liquid form, inject fuel promptly, continuously to the rear surface of transfer valve.Because this situation, when transfer valve is opened, flow in the cylinder liquid fuel since the low temperature of cylinder surfaces may not can evaporate rapidly and may the piston head of the top dead center that closes on a compression movement be impacted usually, thereby the starting performance of automobile is caused negative influence.Similarly, produced a problem, promptly because lighted (petrolic situation) or burning (situation of diesel engine) back start vaporizer at fuel, because the discharge amount of the unburned hydrocarbon of partial combustion (HC) significantly increases at a part of fuel of cylinder low temperature inwall condensation.In addition, if the fuel of evaporation comprises that again in the phenomenon of cylinder low temperature inwall condensation the discharging of the toxic gas of unburned hydrocarbons (HC) will be increased to serious degree.

Furtherly, recently because popularizing fast of automobile comprises that peak period, traffic congestion all took place constantly.Owing to these reasons, in a bit of time after beginning to travel, because a variety of causes, automobile need stop, and signaling lamp, traffic congestion or other analogue for example occur.For this consideration, on most fuel economy type automobile, idling system has been installed, the running of automatic shutting engine down in the times of can be after automobile stops 3 to 5 seconds, thus prevent unnecessary fuel consumption.In this fuel economy type and installed in the automobile of idling system, if do not reset when motor enough does not heat, the cold start-up of Fa Shenging will cause pollution of atmosphere repeatedly, comprise the poisonous tail gas of unburned hydrocarbon because of discharge.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic representation of in line engine.

Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic representation of V-type engine;

Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic representation of opposed engine;

Fig. 4 is a kind of schematic representation that experimental setup is described, and described experimental setup is to be applied to according to a kind of controlling method of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the flow chart that controlling method according to the present invention is described;

Fig. 6 be explanation when 30 ℃ of cooling water temperatures, use fuel and skip the figure as a result that circulation obtains;

Fig. 7 is when being illustrated in 50 ℃ of cooling water temperatures, uses fuel and skips the figure as a result that circulation obtains;

Fig. 8 is when being illustrated in 70 ℃ of cooling water temperatures, uses fuel and skips the figure as a result that circulation obtains;

Fig. 9 is when being illustrated in 90 ℃ of cooling water temperatures, uses fuel and skips the figure as a result that circulation obtains;

Figure 10 is the figure that the reduction effect of the unburned hydrocarbons releasing quantity that controlling method reached that the present invention relates to by application is described;

Figure 11 illustrates to compare the figure of carbon monoxide measurement result under constant volume samapling (CVS) 75 test patterns;

Figure 12 illustrates under constant volume samapling (CVS) 75 test patterns, relatively contains oxynitride (NO _X) figure of measurement result;

Figure 13 illustrates to compare the figure of non-methane hydro carbons (NMHC) measurement result under constant volume samapling (CVS) 75 test patterns;

Figure 14 illustrates to compare the figure of carbon dioxide measurement result under constant volume samapling (CVS) 75 test patterns;

Figure 15 illustrates to compare the figure of fuel consumption (F.E.) and carbon dioxide measurement result under constant volume samapling (CVS) 75 test patterns;

Figure 16 is exhaust emissions measurement result and permission limit are compared in explanation under constant volume samapling (CVS) 75 test patterns figure;

Figure 17 is under the ECE15+EUDC test pattern, relatively the figure of CO measurement result;

Figure 18 is under the ECE15+EUDC test pattern, relatively the figure of NOx measurement result;

Figure 19 is under the ECE15+EUDC test pattern, relatively the figure of NMHC measurement result;

Figure 20 is under the ECE15+EUDC test pattern, relatively CO ₂The figure of measurement result;

Figure 21 is under the ECE15+EUDC test pattern, relatively F.E. and CO ₂The figure of measurement result;

Figure 22 is under the ECE15+EUDC test pattern, relatively the figure of exhaust emissions measurement result and permission limit;

Figure 23 is under the mode test pattern, relatively the figure of CO measurement result;

Figure 24 is under the mode test pattern, relatively the figure of NOx measurement result;

Figure 25 is under the mode test pattern, relatively the figure of NMHC measurement result;

Figure 26 is under the mode test pattern, relatively CO ₂The figure of measurement result;

Figure 27 is under the mode test pattern, relatively the figure of F.E. measurement result;

Figure 28 is under the mode test pattern, relatively F.E. and CO ₂The figure of measurement result;

Figure 29 is under the mode test pattern, relatively the figure of exhaust emissions measurement result and permission limit;

The Ref. No. explanation of main composition part in the＜accompanying drawing 〉

10: motor

11: cylinder

12: fuel tank

13: the supply of fuel pipeline

14: the fuel injection valve

15: igniter plug

16: exhaust header

17: valve switch

18: piston switch

19: camshaft

20: encoder

21: engine electric-controlled unit (ECU)

22: the air-fuel ratio inductor

23: piezoelectric pressure transducer

24: the exhaust sampling probe

25,27,28: amplifier

26: transducer

29: data acquistion system

S-1: step is set

S-2: skips steps for the first time

S-3: fuel implantation step for the first time

S-4: skips steps for the second time

S-5: fuel implantation step for the second time

SC: fuel is skipped circulation

Summary of the invention

Correspondingly, the concern for the problems referred to above that take place for current field proposes the present invention; The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of vehicle starting controlling method, reduce the discharging of the toxic gas that comprises unburned hydrocarbons, described vehicle starting controlling method be initial start or idling stop resetting after 1-3 engine cycles process in, skip in some cylinders and inject fuel, so that the cylinder temperature of not injecting fuel is raise under the effect of piston motion generation compression heat in advance, when cylinder temperature is elevated to predetermined level by this way, cylinder is carried out normal fuel to be injected, reduce the discharging of the toxic gas that comprises unburned hydrocarbon thus, produce because of fuel combustion is insufficient when described unburned hydrocarbons is reset after initially starting or idling stop.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of vehicle starting controlling method is provided, described automobile has a plurality of cylinders, these cylinders are lighted a fire successively according to predetermined ignition order, thereby finish a conventional burn cycle, described method comprises step: (a) judge the state whether motor is in starting or resets; (b) when judging that motor is in the state that starts or reset, repeat one or many fuel and skip circulation, described fuel is skipped to light a fire in the circulation and skip with predetermined cylinder ignition order and is hocketed.

According to another aspect of the present invention, described skipping comprises the interruption cylinder fueling.

According to another aspect of the present invention, described predetermined ignition order start from igniting and skip in any one.

According to another aspect of the present invention, repeat one to three described fuel and skip circulation.

As previously mentioned, according to the present invention, in vehicle starting controlling method for the discharging that reduces the toxic gas comprise unburned hydrocarbons, when stop in initial start or idling reset after 1-3 engine cycles process in, skip in some cylinders and inject fuel, to such an extent as to not injecting the cylinder temperature of fuel raises under the effect of piston motion generation compression heat in advance, when cylinder temperature is elevated to predetermined level by this way, cylinder is carried out normal fuel to be injected, may reduce the discharging of the toxic gas that comprises unburned hydrocarbon thus, produce because of fuel combustion is insufficient when described unburned hydrocarbons is reset after initially starting or idling stop.

Embodiment

Hereinafter, with the present invention is described in detail.

An essential features of the present invention is, when motor from halted state starting or because during idling one halt system resetting after stopping automatically, the cylinder ignition order is abideed by in the igniting of motor, so that igniting and skipping mutually alternately, thereby the wall surface temperature of the combustion chamber of air cylinder do not inject fuel of raising, so that fuel can fully burn when being injected into these cylinders.

Therefore, because motor can have been avoided the situation of cold starting by abundant preheating, thereby might reduce the discharging of the toxic gas that comprises unburned hydrocarbons (HC), the generation of described unburned hydrocarbons comes from the partial combustion of fuel.

The method according to this invention comprises that substantially starting or restarting determining step and fuel skips circulation step.

The based on fuel injection valve is that motor is in starting state or the state of resetting all can obtain judging to the operation information of cylinder injection fuel or igniter plug point gas cylinder fuel.

Be in starting or restart step if determine motor in determining step, described method is carried out fuel and is skipped circulation step.

In general, according to arranging of cylinder, motor car engine can be divided in line engine, V-h type engine h and opposed engine.The cylinder of in line engine is arranged on arbor in line; The V-h type engine h has two exhaust casings, is arranged in and forms a V-type profile on the arbor; Opposed engine has two groups of cylinders, is arranged relative to each other and mutually to being set to 180 °.

Fig. 1 to 3 is schematic representation of in line engine, V-h type engine h and opposed engine, and wherein cylinder is indicated with reference character successively.

When from top view, the cylinder of in line engine from away from an end of output channel near an end of output channel according to the ascending mark.

When from top view, the V-h type engine h at first in left bank from away from an end of output channel near an end of output channel according to the ascending mark, then in the row of the right side from away from an end of output channel near an end of output channel immediately following the left bank last-number according to the ascending mark.

The mark mode of opposed engine is with the V-h type engine h.

Make up described fuel and skip circulation, so as the igniting and skip and can hocket by the intrinsic ignition order of motor regular circulation.

For example, if the ignition order of a six-in-line formula motor is 1-5-3-6-2-4, skip in the circulation at described fuel, igniting is carried out according to 1-S-3-S-2-S or S-5-S-6-S-4.Here, letter " S " expression primary fuel injects to be skipped, and injects to skip at fuel and does not inject fuel.

Hocket fully because skip with igniting, first cylinder makes a choice in the igniting skipping still, and remaining cylinder arranges according to this mode, and that guarantees to skip and light a fire hockets.

Fuel is skipped circulation and is carried out once at least.

Preferably, fuel is skipped circulation and is carried out one to three time, makes the motor heating fully.

Described skipping comprises the interruption cylinder fueling.Thereby in the cylinder of skipping, piston relies on by the power of the cylinder supply of igniting or the driving force of starting motor and makes air suction, compression, expansion and emptying, to reach the temperature effect of rising combustion chamber wall surface.

Skip after circulation carries out several times at above-mentioned fuel, conventional burning is abideed by the original ignition order of motor and is carried out.

In table 1,, proposed the ignition order in regular circulation and skipped ignition order in the circulation at fuel according to the type of motor.

Be understood that easily, the fuel that is different from these motors that in table 1, propose skip the circuit ignition order can table 1 in identical method determine.

[table 1]

Engine type	The quantity of cylinder	The ignition order of regular circulation	Fuel is skipped the circuit ignition order
				In line engine	3	1-3-2	1-S-2 1-3-S S-3-2
4	1-3-4-2	1-S-4-S S-3-S-2
			1-2-4-3		1-S-4-S S-2-S-3
	5	1-2-4-5-3				1-S-4-S-5 S-2-S-4-S-3
6			1-5-3-6-2-4		1-S-3-S-2-S S-5-S-6-S-4
	1-2-4-6-5-3	1-S-4-S-5-S S-2-S-6-S-3
			1-4-2-6-3-5		1-S-2-S-3-S S-4-S-6-S-5
	1-4-5-6-3-2	1-S-5-S-3-S S-4-S-6-S-2
			8		1-6-2-5-8-3-7-4	1-S-2-S-8-S-7-S S-6-S-5-S-3-S-4
1-3-6-8-4-2-7-5	1-S-6-S-4-S-7-S S-3-S-8-S-2-S-5
		1-4-7-3-8-5-2-6			1-S-7-S-8-S-2-S S-4-S-3-S-5-S-6
1-3-2-5-8-6-7-4	1-S-2-S-8-S-7-S S-3-S-5-S-6-S-4

	4	1-3-2-4	1-S-2-S S-3-S-4
				6	1-2-5-6-4-3	1-S-5-S-4-S S-2-S-6-S-3
	1-4-5-6-2-3	1-S-5-S-2-S S-4-S-6-S-3
			The V-h type engine h		8	1-6-3-5-4-7-2-8	1-S-3-S-4-S-2-S S-6-S-5-S-7-S-8
1-5-4-8-6-3-7-2	1-S-4-S-6-S-7-S S-5-S-8-S-3-S-2
		1-8-3-6-4-5-2-7		1-S-3-S-4-S-2-S S-8-S-6-S-5-S-7
Opposed engine	4					1-4-3-2	1-S-3-S S-4-S-2

* in table 1, ' S ' expression is once skipped.

The invention mode of execution

Now accompanying drawing is described, in different accompanying drawings, use identical reference character to indicate same or analogous constituent element.

In this embodiment, use 4 cylinder in line engine.

Fig. 4 is the schematic representation that experimental setup is described, and described experimental setup has adopted according to controlling method of the present invention; Fig. 5 is the flow chart that controlling method according to the present invention is described; Fig. 6 to 9 is that explanation is being skipped the result that circulation obtains by using fuel under the cooling water temperature separately; And Figure 10 has illustrated that the unburned hydrocarbons discharging that reaches by controlling method according to the present invention reduces effect.

At first, in the experimental setup that the present invention uses, as shown in Figure 4, in order to analyze the characteristic of resetting 4 cylinder gasoline engines after initial start and idling stop, motor 10 separates with power train, self turns round so that motor relies on.In this case, be used for from fuel tank 12 by supply of fuel pipeline 13 to each cylinder 11 inject the fuel injection valve 14 of fuel and be used for lighting be injected into cylinder 11 fuel igniter plug 15 all by engine electric-controlled unit (ECU) 21 controls, this ECU (Electrical Control Unit) links to each other with throw over switch 18 with corresponding throw over switch 17.The main specifications of the gasoline reaction machine of Shi Yonging provides in table 2 in this embodiment.

[table 2]

Project	Particular
		Engine model	IL	4, twin cam shaft (DOHC)
Bore/stroke (mm)	76.5×81.5
		Compression ratio	9.5
Engine displacement (cc)	1,498
		Maximum horsepower (PS/rpm)	100/6,000
Maximum Torque (kgfm/rpm)	14.0/3,000
		The scavenging port area IVO Inlet Valve Open is (in budc, BTDC)/IVC Inlet Valve Closed is (after bottom dead center, ABDC) exhaust valve is opened (Before Bottom Dead Center, BBDC)/exhaust valve closes (After Top Center, ATDC)	8CA/42CA 42CA/8CA
Starter motor (kw)	0.8

In order to obtain the arrangement of time that each cylinder 11 fuel inject, (silver dollar Co., Ltd., Koyo Co. 360ppr) are installed on the camshaft 19 encoder 20, to produce a pulse by for example two weeks of arbor rotation, promptly the mode in 19 every 1 weeks of rotation of camshaft is controlled the entrance and exit valve.The pulse that this mode produces is imported in the data-acquisition system 29 via FV convertor 26.By response input data, control unit of engine 21 is sensed the fuel injection length arrangement of each cylinder 11, thus the running of corresponding fuel injection valve 14 of Selective Control and igniter plug 15.

In addition, carry out according to method for starting-controlling of the present invention for guaranteeing consistent experimental condition, all experiments all start from the top dead center of the 4th cylinder 11d suction stroke of motor 10.Pressure among the cylinder 11d can obtain by a kind of method, for example from piezoelectric pressure transducer 23 (Switzerland Kistler Instrumentarium Oy, Kistler, 6052﹠amp; The data that 6517A) record are input in the data-acquisition system 29 via charge amplifier 25, and described piezoelectric pressure transducer is installed in the structure that the 4th cylinder 11d went up and had the spark plug shape.In motor 10, arrangement firing time, fuel injection length are arranged and air fuel ratio can not regulated at will.The temperature regulation to 30 of cooling water ℃, 50 ℃, 70 ℃ and 90 ℃ are adjusted to the state identical with the initial start state by serviceability temperature controlling device (not shown), i.e. reset after cold starting or auto idle speed stop.

When starting or reset motor 10, the unburned hydrocarbons that exhaust header 16 is discharged is measured by exhaust hydrogen flameionization method (FID) probe 24, for example respond flame ion prober (fast response flame ionization detector) fast, be inserted into the 4th exhaust header that cylinder 11d links to each other 16 in, with the concentration of unburned hydrocarbon in the real-time measurement exhaust.Sluggishness when measuring unburned hydrocarbon emission characteristic in order to be minimized in, the distance of the pole of exhasut valve stem and hydrogen flameionization probe 24 tips is set to 50mm.By spark plug type sampling probe in the cylinder being installed, operate described experiment at corresponding the 4th cylinder 11d.Be used for measuring the air fuel ratio inductor 22 of air fuel ratio, for example wide territory oxygen quantity sensor (UEGO) is installed in the afterbody of exhaust header 16.The signal of probe 24 and inductor 22 is imported in the data-acquisition systems 29 via corresponding amplifier 27 and amplifier 28.

Fig. 5 is the flow chart of program among control unit of engine (ECU) 21, and described control unit of engine is for implementing the control unit of engine according to the experimental setup of vehicle starting controlling method of the present invention.In the method, when initial start, be resetting after cold starting or idling stop, it is automobile stops situation owing to idling when operation appearance that described idling stops, necessary stopping after the running of motor 10 is interrupted, engine electric-controlled unit 21 are carried out a determining step (S-0) and are judged whether that motor 10 is in starting state or resets state; And carry out one step (S-1) is set, with each sensor 22, sensor 23 and sensor 24 comprise encoder 20, amplifier 25, and amplifier 27 and amplifier 28, transducer 26 and data-acquisition system 29 are set to an exercisable state.

Finished by control unit of engine as mentioned above when step is set, and when starter motor (not shown) running, so that be in the motor 10 of halted state and arbor when being not less than predetermined speed rotation, arbor begins rotation.By this situation, be used to control the camshaft 19 of inlet and outlet valve along with the arbor rotation, described camshaft links to each other with arbor by timing allocation belt or timing allocation gear, and the piston that is positioned at the 4th cylinder 11d of top dead center when initial begins to move down, carry out charging stroke, to be ready to allow the expansion stroke of first cylinder 11a, the condition of the compression stroke of the expansionexchange stroke of second cylinder 11b and the 3rd cylinder 11c.From this moment, implement conventional engine cycles, in the engine cycles of routine expansion stroke with first cylinder 11a, the 3rd cylinder 11c, the order of the 4th cylinder 11d and second cylinder 11b realizes.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, when implementing the conventional engine circulation time, the injection of fuel is skipped in some cylinders 11.Because this situation, promptly do not inject the chamber temperature of the cylinder 11 of fuel, under helping, the air compression heat that piston motion causes raises in advance, the low-temperature region of each combustion chamber wall surface of cylinder 11 can be minimized oil-fired influence, the possibility of result reduces the discharging comprise unburned hydrocarbons, described hydrocarbon be since initial start or idling when resetting after stopping partial combustion causing.

This step last is being provided with after step (S-1) finishes, and is input to data-acquisition system 29 by camshaft 19 rotations and pulse that encoder 20 is produced by voltage to frequency coverter 26.Then, engine electric-controlled unit 21 is determined the fuel injection length of first cylinder 11a according to the data executable operations task of input.In the fuel injection length of first cylinder 11a, engine electric-controlled unit 21 is closed switch 17 and the switch 18 that is connected with igniter plug 15 with corresponding fuel injection valve 14.Like this, do not inject fuel and, implement first skips steps (S-2) for example not carry out in first cylinder 11a in the mode of first cylinder 11a fuel combustion subsequently.Therefore, opposite with enforcement fuel combustion in first cylinder 11a, the temperature in the firing chamber of first cylinder 11a is elevated to predetermined level under the air compression heat that piston motion causes helps.

After the skips steps first time (S-2) was finished, the pulse that encoder 20 is produced by camshaft 19 rotations was input to data-acquisition system 29 by voltage to frequency coverter 26.Then, engine electric-controlled unit 21 is determined the fuel injection length of the 3rd cylinder 11c according to the data executable operations task of input.In the fuel injection length of the 3rd cylinder 11c, engine electric-controlled unit 21 is opened switch 17 and the switch 18 that is connected with igniter plug 15 with corresponding fuel injection valve 14.Like this, be injected among the 3rd the cylinder 11c with for example fuel and, implement first fuel implantation step (S-3) in the mode that the 3rd cylinder 11c implements fuel combustion subsequently.Thereby, be produced as the initial driving power of operating motor 10.

After the fuel implantation step first time (S-3) was finished, the pulse that encoder 20 is produced by camshaft 19 rotations was input to data-acquisition system 29 by voltage to frequency coverter 26.Then, engine electric-controlled unit 21 is determined the fuel injection length of the 4th cylinder 11d according to the data executable operations task of input.In the fuel injection length of the 4th cylinder 11d, engine electric-controlled unit 21 is closed switch 17 and the switch 18 that is connected with igniter plug 15 with corresponding fuel injection valve 14.Like this, for example not implement in the 4th cylinder 11d to inject fuel and, to carry out second skips steps (S-4) in the mode of the 4th cylinder 11d fuel combustion subsequently.Therefore, opposite with enforcement fuel combustion in the 4th cylinder 11d, the temperature in the firing chamber of the 4th cylinder 11d is elevated to predetermined level under the air compression heat that piston motion causes helps.

After the skips steps second time (S-5) was finished, the pulse that encoder 20 is produced by camshaft 19 rotations was input to data-acquisition system 29 by voltage to frequency coverter 26.Then, engine electric-controlled unit 21 is determined the fuel injection length of second cylinder 11b according to the data executable operations task of input.In the fuel injection length of second cylinder 11b, engine electric-controlled unit 21 is opened switch 17 and the switch 18 that is connected with igniter plug 15 with corresponding fuel injection valve 14.Like this, be injected among second cylinder 11b with for example fuel and, implement second fuel implantation step (S-5) in the mode that second cylinder 11b implements fuel combustion subsequently.Thereby, produce except that extra driving force by the operation motor 10 the initial driving power of the fuel implantation step first time (S-3) generation.

At initial start, step (S-1) is being set afterwards when being resetting after cold starting or idling stop, skip circulation (SC) one to three time by carrying out the fuel of forming up to the fuel implantation step second time (S-5) by the skips steps first time (S-2) as mentioned above, temperature in the firing chamber of the first cylinder 11a and the 4th cylinder 11d is elevated to a predetermined level under the heat of compression effect of air, then, implement in the mode identical and in cylinder 11, inject fuel and fuel combustion respectively with the engine cycles of routine.

In order to determine by the aforesaid method for starting-controlling of the present invention of structure being applied to the effect of the conventional reduction unburned hydrocarbons that engine cycles reached discharging, will be under various cooling water temperatures, the conventional fuel injection condition is carried out down the conventional non-circulation of skipping, carry out once current fuel and skip circulation, with carry out three current fuel and skip the result that the concentration of measuring unburned hydrocarbon emission after the circulation obtains, mark in Fig. 9 at Fig. 6.

Fig. 6 is that width of cloth explanation is 30 ℃ at cooling water temperature, under the condition of initial (cold) starting of similar automobile, relatively implementing conventional start-up function (0 skip) and the current start-up function of skipping (once skips, 1 skip) (three times skip 3 skip) afterwards unburned hydrocarbon emission and the result's that obtains diagram.With reference to figure 6, should understand the zone that the existing of short duration air fuel ratio of about 1 stopwatch significantly fluctuates after starting, thereafter, equivalent ratio follows small fluctuation to drop to about 1.4 by about 1.6 gradually.

Equally, what should be noted is, under conventional starting conditions (0 skip), because the partial combustion in cylinder (11), after starting 1 to 1.5 second, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration of being discharged by exhaust header 16 increased to a quite high maximum value 130,000ppm.Thereafter, raise owing to remaining in operation of motor 10 makes cylinder 11 inner wall temperatures, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration is reduced to a minimum level 10,000ppm～20,000ppm.

Yet, skipping circulation (SC) at fuel according to the present invention carries out once under the situation of (1 skip), after starting 1 to 1.5 second as can be seen, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration of being discharged by exhaust header 16 is reduced to 10,000ppm～15, the 000ppm level, and in starting back 2 seconds, the concentration of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) presents than numerical value lower under conventional starting conditions.More clearly, skipping circulation (SC) at fuel according to the present invention carries out under the situation of three times (3 skip), be understood that easily unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration of being discharged by exhaust header 16 is reduced to 10,000ppm level, two results that situation obtains well below the front.

Fig. 7 is that width of cloth explanation is 50 ℃ at cooling water temperature, under the similar condition of resetting that occurs in after the idling of short time stops behind the vehicle starting, relatively implementing conventional start-up function (0 skip) and the current start-up function of skipping (once skips, 1 skip) (three times skip 3 skip) afterwards unburned hydrocarbon emission and the result's that obtains diagram.With reference to figure 7, be understood that the zone that the existing of short duration air fuel ratio of about 0.8 stopwatch significantly fluctuates after starting easily, thereafter, equivalent ratio follows small fluctuation to drop to about 1.3 by about 1.5 gradually.

Equally, what should be noted is, under conventional starting conditions (0 skip), because partial combustion in cylinder 11, after starting 1 to 1.5 second, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration of being discharged by exhaust header 16 increased to 20,000ppm～50, the 000ppm level.Thereafter, raise owing to remaining in operation of motor 10 makes cylinder 11 inner wall temperatures, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration is reduced to the level 10 of a maximum, 000ppm～15,000ppm.

Yet, skipping circulation (SC) at fuel according to the present invention carries out once under the situation of (1 skip), back 1.2 seconds as can be seen in starting, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration of being discharged by exhaust header 16 is reduced to 10, the level of 000ppm significantly is lower than under conventional starting conditions and obtains numerical value.Skipping circulation (SC) at fuel according to the present invention carries out under the situation of three times (3 skip), be understood that easily, follow minor fluctuations, in starting back 1.7 seconds, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration of being discharged by exhaust header 16 is reduced to and is not more than 10, the 000ppm level is well below the following numerical value that obtains of conventional starting conditions.

Fig. 8 is that width of cloth explanation is 70 ℃ at cooling water temperature, resetting under the condition after the similar idling that occurs in operation one segment distance behind the vehicle starting stops, relatively implement conventional start-up function (0skip) and the current start-up function of skipping (is once skipped, 1 skip) (three times skip 3 skip) afterwards unburned hydrocarbon emission and the result's that obtains diagram.With reference to figure 8, be understood that the zone that the existing of short duration air fuel ratio of about 0.8 stopwatch significantly fluctuates after starting easily, thereafter, equivalent ratio follows small fluctuation to drop to about 1.3 by about 1.5 gradually.

Equally, what should be noted is, under conventional starting conditions (0 skip), after starting 1 to 2.5 second, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration of being discharged by exhaust header 16 increased to 15,000ppm～30, the level of 000ppm.Thereafter, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration is reduced to 10,000ppm～17, the level of 000ppm.Skipping circulation (SC) at fuel according to the present invention carries out once under the situation of (1 skip), after starting 1.2 to 3 seconds as can be seen, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration of being discharged by exhaust header 16 is 10, the level of 000ppm shows that the result that ought compare unburned hydrocarbon emission reduction effect with conventional starting conditions is not remarkable.Skipping circulation (SC) at fuel according to the present invention carries out under the situation of three times (3 skip), be understood that easily, follow minor fluctuations, in starting back 1.4 seconds, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration of being discharged by exhaust header 16 is reduced to and is not more than 10, the 000ppm level is well below the following numerical value that obtains of conventional starting conditions.

Fig. 9 is that width of cloth explanation is 90 ℃ at cooling water temperature, similarly occur in idling that the vehicle starting rear engine fully heats resetting under the condition after stopping, relatively implementing conventional start-up function (0 skip) and the current start-up function of skipping (once skips, 1 skip) (three times skip 3 skip) afterwards unburned hydrocarbon emission and the result's that obtains diagram.With reference to figure 9, understand the zone that the existing of short duration air fuel ratio of about 0.9 stopwatch significantly fluctuates after starting easily, thereafter, equivalent ratio follows small fluctuation to drop to about 1.3 by about 1.6 gradually.

Equally, what should be noted is, under conventional starting conditions (0 skip), after starting 1 to 3 second, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration of being discharged by exhaust header 16 increased to 20,000ppm～30, the level of 000ppm.Thereafter, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration is reduced to 10,000ppm～17, the level of 000ppm.Skipping circulation (SC) at fuel according to the present invention carries out once under the situation of (1 skip), after starting 2 to 3.5 seconds as can be seen, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration of being discharged by exhaust header 16 is 10,000ppm～25, the level of 000ppm, the effect that the unburned hydrocarbon emission of its result reduces is slight when comparing with conventional starting conditions.Skipping circulation (SC) at fuel according to the present invention carries out under the situation of three times (3 skip), be understood that easily, follow minor fluctuations, in starting back 1.4 seconds, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration of being discharged by exhaust header 16 is reduced to and is not more than 6, the 000ppm level is well below the following numerical value that obtains of conventional starting conditions.

Figure 10 is by will be under various cooling water temperatures, carrying out conventional down non-of conventional fuel injection condition skips circulation and fuel according to the present invention and skips the result that the concentration of measuring unburned hydrocarbon (HC) discharging after the circulation obtains and place the diagram of drawing together, as can from Figure 10, easily finding out, when cooling water temperature is 30 ℃, compare with routine starting (0 skip), what it should be noted that is, fuel according to the present invention is skipped circulation (SC) when carrying out once (1 skip), the release of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) reduces about 38%, and fuel according to the present invention is skipped circulation (SC) when carrying out three times (3 skips), and the release of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) significantly reduces about 63.8%.

Further, when cooling water temperature is 50 ℃, compare with routine starting (0 skip), what it should be noted that is, fuel according to the present invention is skipped circulation (SC) when carrying out once (1 skip), it is about 32% that the release of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) reduces, and fuel according to the present invention skips circulation (SC) when carrying out three times (3 skips), and the release of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) significantly reduces about 38.7%.In addition, when cooling water temperature is 70 ℃, compare with routine starting (0 skip), what it should be noted that is, fuel according to the present invention is skipped circulation (SC) when carrying out once (1 skip), the release of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) is not a large amount of to be reduced, but fuel according to the present invention is skipped circulation (SC) when carrying out three times (3 skips), and the release of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) is reduction about 48% significantly.In addition, when cooling water temperature is 90 ℃, compare with routine starting (0 skip), what it should be noted that is, when fuel according to the present invention is skipped circulation (SC) when carrying out once (1 skip), it is about 46% that the release of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) reduces, and skip circulation (SC) when carrying out three times (3 skips) when fuel according to the present invention, and the release of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) significantly reduces about 57%.

In the present invention, fuel is skipped circulation and is only used the start delay that one to three time reason is to consider simultaneously unburned hydrocarbon (HC) discharging reduction effect and automobile behind the vehicle starting.That is, skip circulation (SC) when using at least one time, may reach unburned hydrocarbon (HC) discharging that conventional relatively starting improves and reduce effect when fuel behind the vehicle starting.Equally, when considering that simultaneously unburned hydrocarbons (HC) discharging reduces the start delay of effect and automobile, use behind vehicle starting that fuel is skipped circulation (SC) four times or more times does not have more excellent part.Thereby preferably using fuel after vehicle starting, to skip circulation (SC) minimum once to maximum three times.

In the above-described embodiment, though this mode of execution is explained is that vehicle starting controlling method according to the present invention is applied to four-cylinder gasoline engine and skips for first cylinder 11a and the 4th cylinder 11d have carried out fuel, is understood that easily when reaching identical work effect for second cylinder 11b carried out with the 3rd cylinder 11c when fuel is skipped.Under the situation of three cylinders and six cylinder gasoline engines, they are only had any different on the quantity of cylinder mutually, therefore, method for starting-controlling according to the present invention considers that the routine outburst order of three cylinders and six cylinders by skipping to injecting fuel in the cylinder separately, may reach as identical work effect of the present invention.Equally, in the diesel engine of three, four and five cylinders, related domain routine techniques personnel should be understood that by causing in the corresponding cylinder of diesel engine and inject fuel, can reach as identical work effect of the present invention.

＜driving mode test result 〉

Hereinafter, detailed description is used for illustrating the result of the driving mode test of the work effect that reaches by the present invention.

Carrying out the driving mode test is in order to determine whether the present invention satisfies the test pattern that travels of the automobile under the management such as the U.S., Europe, Japan, Korea S.

The test pattern that travels of automobile comprises the federal test program 72 (FTP72 of the U.S., FederalTest Program72) and federal test program 75 (FTP75, Federal Test Program75), (the ECE/EG of Economic Commission for Europe in Europe, Economic Commission for Europe), Ri Ben 11 and 10 patterns and other.

In the FTP72 and FTP75 pattern of the U.S., test is finished by a circulation, and the distance of test is 12.1km, and mean velocity is 31-34km/h, and top speed is 91.2km/h.When idling rotation ratio was 17.9% in the test process, because interim stop time is short, if adopt the idling hold function, it is not remarkable that conservation of fuel effect and discharging reduce effect.

In contrast, 11 and 10 patterns of ECE in Europe/EG and Japan are characterised in that the test loop of each test repeats 4 times.

In ECE in Europe/EG pattern, a circuit measuring distance is very short, and about 1.0km, mean velocity are 18.7km/h, and top speed is 50km/h, less than the situation of FTP pattern.

Yet at test period, because idling rotation ratio is 31%, this pattern has the longest idling rotation phase in the middle of test pattern.

In 11 and 10 pattern situations of Japan, a circuit measuring distance is respectively 1.0km and 0.7km.Mean velocity is 30.6km/h and 17.7km/h, and top speed is 60km/h and 40km/h.Idling rotation ratio at a test period is 21.7% and 26.7%.The characteristic series of these patterns is in table 3.

[table 3]

The test pattern of control	FTP72	FTP75	ECE/EG	11 patterns	10 patterns
						Measuring distance (km)	12.1	17.9	1.0	1.0	0.7
Mean velocity (km/h)	31.7	34.1	18.7	30.6	17.7
						Top speed (km/h)	91.2	91.2	50.0	60.0	40.0
Idling rotation ratio (%)	17.9	17.9	31.0	21.7	26.7
						The cycle-index of test	1	1	4	4	4
The country that uses	The U.S.	The U.S.	Europe	Japan	Japan

[constant volume sampling (CVS) test loop]

Above-mentioned FTP75 test loop has been specified typical automobile actuating speed pattern, and this pattern was measured in the rush hour in Los Angeles,U.S (Los Angeles) morning, and was made up of three test phases.

First test phase is cold stage test 0～505 second, and second stage is stabilization sub stage test 505～1,372 seconds.After second stage, shutting engine down reaches 10 minutes, tests 1,972～2,477 seconds with respect to the three phases in hot stage.

For the test of automobile is to carry out automobile parking is no less than 12 hours in temperature is 20～30 ℃ test room after.In case starting, the test of travelling are abideed by in check travelling speed and are carried out.

In the phase I in corresponding cold stage, the discharging of automobile (tail gas) is collected in first pocket.Discharging from 505 seconds to 1,371 second after stabilization sub stage begins is collected in second pocket.Immediately, after 10 minutes, when motor relaunched, the phase III had carried out 505 seconds.The tail gas that phase III discharges is collected in the 3rd pocket.

Forbid that first and second pocket are exposed to the outer regulation that surpasses 20 minutes, when second stage is finished, analyze immediately owing to have.The analysis of the tail gas of collecting for the 3rd pocket and the enforcement simultaneously of finishing of phase III.

The typical pollutant hydrocarbon (HC) that in tail gas, exists of analysis to measure from three pockets, carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxide (NO _X) gross weight, be expressed as displacement volume per unit measuring distance.

Table 4 has been pointed out to allow limit according to the vehicle exhaust of the FTP75 test loop of the U.S. and California management.

[table 4]

The pattern time	Use the area	CO (g/mile)	HC (g/mile)	NO X (g/mile)	Boil-off gas (g/test)
						1982	California, USA	3.41 7.0	0.41 0.41	1.0 0.4	2.0 2.0
1993	California	3.4	0.25	0.4	2.0
						1994	The U.S.	3.4	0.25	0.4	2.0

Used the travelling characteristic of CVS75 pattern in Korea S.Although very big difference is arranged between Korea S CVS75 pattern and urban district driving mode, the environment department of Korea S has adopted the FTP75 pattern of U.S.'s regulation, and applies it to the urban district driving mode of Korea S.

The CVS75 pattern was by cold stage of 505 seconds, and the hot stage of 867 seconds stabilization sub stage and 505 seconds is formed.

The automobile that uses the CVS75 test pattern to measure comprises basic automobile, and the automobile of HC adsorber is installed, and uses the automobile according to controlling method 1 of the present invention, and this automobile is equipped with and stops automatically and forward system (ASG, auto stop and go).The measurement result of automobile is separately all listed in the table 5.

[table 5]

The type of testing automobile		CO (g/km)	NO X (g/km)	NMHC (g/km)	CO2 (g/km)	Fuel consumption (km/l)	By whether
								≥2.11	≥0.19	≥0.062
		Basic automobile	Stage	1							0.61	0.38	0.238	211.5	10.99	Be
Stage
	2		0.11	0.04	0.003	213.0	10.99
Stage 3								0.41	0.06	0.013	183.0	12.75
	Summation		0.30	0.11	0.055	204.4	11.41
The HC adsorber is installed		Stage 1						0.57	0.28	0.160	219.8	10.59	Be
	Stage
		2	0.21	0.00	0.027	218.5	10.70
	Stage 3							0.36	0.01	0.037	187.6	12.44
		Summation	0.32	0.06	0.057	210.2	11.11
The progress (%) of basic relatively automobile								-6.7	45.5	3.6	-2.8	-2.6
		ASG and application controls method 1 are installed	Stage 1	0.93	0.40	0.236	199.9						11.59	Be
Stage
	2		1.81	0.01	0.010	200.2	11.53
Stage 3								1.20	0.07	0.022	178.2	13.00
	Summation		1.46	0.11	0.060	194.1	11.91
The progress (%) of basic relatively automobile		-387						0	-0.9	5.0	4.4

Can find, basic automobile as using in the test is equipped with the automobile of HC adsorber, and the automobile that the application controls method 1 of ASG system is installed all meets tail gas and allows limit, described tail gas comprise by the CO of CVC75 test pattern control (its allow limit for 〉=2.11g/km), NO _X(its allow limit be 〉=0.19g/km) and NMHC (its permission limit is 〉=0.062g/km).Thereby, show that all automobiles can both travel in Korea S.

Automobile in the application controls method 1 that the ASG system is installed has the idling hold function.Thereby when automobile was reset, two cylinders in four cylinders injected the step of fuel and are skipped 3 circulations.

In such automobile, owing to produce a large amount of HC and CO when resetting,, should be noted that owing in three circulations, carried out the fuel skip functions so be difficult to meet the permission limit of HMHC, reduced the generation of HC.

When with the contrast of basic automobile, the automobile CO of HC adsorber and the discharging of NMHC are installed have increased 6% and 4% separately, and on fuel consumption, reduce by 3%, so can not find to be equipped with the advantage of the automobile of HC adsorber.

Controlling method 1 automobile of ASG system is installed, the NO of generation _XWith basic automobile par, and NMHC has increased by 9%.

Yet, improved 4.4% with basic automobile fuel consumption relatively.

In CVS75, because the time that auto idle speed stops in the middle of test is short, the effect that idling stops is remarkable inadequately.Yet, being under the driving conditions of Korea S, the situation in that automobile stops owing to the appearance and the analogue thereof of signaling lamp prolongs because compare dead time with the situation of CVS75, estimates that actual fuel consumption improves effect greater than above-mentioned situation.

Figure 11 to Figure 16 is the figure that obtains by the result value of measuring project comparison sheet 5 with regard to each.

Figure 11 is the figure that is used for more a kind of situation and other situation measurement result, when reference Figure 11, for basic automobile and the automobile that the HC adsorber is installed, stage that is emitted on 1 (ph1) of CO is maximum and descend in the stage 2 (ph2), for controlling method 1 automobile that the ASG system is installed, the stage that is emitted on 2 (ph2) of CO is maximum and minimum in the stage 1 (ph1).

The characteristics that controlling method 1 automobile of ASG system is installed are, because motor was interrupted and resets at the time point that the idling stage finishes and car speed increases in the idling stage, supply an intensive fuel mixture in order to allow ECU guarantee that fuel when the determinacy increasing amount of starting is injected into this when idling stops to reset.

During this time, in catalyzer, even when the temperature of catalyzer is enough high, because catalyzer is positioned at outside the cleaning area, hardly may clean tail gas and reduce the discharging of CO.

Thereby in the situation of controlling method 1 automobile that the ASG system is installed, than other automobile, the discharging of CO does not get help and raises on the contrary.Yet the 2.11g/km that the CO measurement result that is obtained by each testing automobile all is not more than by CVS75 control meets CO discharging permission limit.

Figure 12 is by comparing the NO of each testing automobile _XMeasurement result and figure.When as on the whole, NO _XStage that is emitted on 1 maximum and in stages 2 minimum, and all testing automobiles meet the 0.19g/km NO by CVS75 control _XDischarging allows limit.

Figure 13 is the figure that gets by the NMHC measurement result that compares each testing automobile.When as on the whole, though stage that is emitted on 1 of NMHC is maximum and in stages 2 minimum, for the automobile that ASG is installed, the stages that are emitted on 3 maximum of NMHC.

NMHC is and the maximally related a kind of waste gas of engine warms degree.In the situation of controlling method 1 automobile that ASG is installed because motor often stops and restarting in the idling stage, when with other vehicle condition compare in the temperature rise period distinct, to react different toxic emission characteristics.

All automobiles meet the discharging permission limit that NMHC is not more than 0.062g/km, and this permission limit is regulated and control by CVS75.

Figure 14 is by comparing the CO of each testing automobile ₂Measurement result and figure.When as on the whole, CO ₂Stage that is emitted on 1 maximum and in stages 2 minimum.

CO ₂Be to consume directly related a kind of waste gas with motor fuel.In the situation of controlling method 1 automobile that ASG is installed,, when comparing, reached the fuel consumption of maximum improvement with other vehicle condition because motor often stopped and restarting in the idling stage.

Figure 15 is by comparing the fuel consumption (F.E., fuel economy) and the CO of each testing automobile ₂Measurement result and figure.In the situation of controlling method 1 automobile that ASG is installed, when comparing with basic vehicle fuel consumption improved about 4.4%, and CO ₂Reduce by 5%.

On the contrary, in the situation of the automobile that the HC adsorber is installed, when comparing with basic vehicle, fuel consumption has reduced about 4.4% and CO ₂Raise 5%, so do not find the beneficial effect of HC adsorber.

Figure 16 is the figure of measurement result of each testing automobile tail gas of explanation, and this figure is with reference to CVS75 control, and vehicle exhaust allows limit.

About CO ₂Though the permission emission limit is 2.11g/km, basic automobile is 0.30g/km, and the automobile that the HC adsorber is installed is 0.32g/km, and controlling method 1 automobile that ASG is installed is 1.46g/km.Thereby, understand all automobiles easily and all meet the permission emission limit.

Equally, about NO _XThough the permission emission limit is 0.19g/km, basic automobile is 0.11g/km, and the automobile that the HC adsorber is installed is 0.06g/km, and controlling method 1 automobile that ASG is installed is 0.11g/km.Thereby, understand all automobiles easily and all meet the permission emission limit.

About NMHC, though the permission emission limit is 0.062g/km, basic automobile is 0.055g/km, and the automobile that the HC adsorber is installed is 0.057g/km, and controlling method 1 automobile that ASG is installed is 0.060g/km.Thereby, understand all automobiles easily and all just meet the permission emission limit.

According to the test order of CVS75, force vehicle inspection to check by the defective verification, comprise when new car is verified.Under this consideration, the permission emission limit that each tested testing vehicle meets CVS75 can obtain to allow freely to travel down to it.

Especially, in controlling method 1 automobile that ASG is installed, though improved 4.4% with basic automobile fuel consumption relatively, actual the setting out on a journey when travelling in the urban district, fuel consumption will be improved 2～3 times of aforementioned proportion.

[ECE15+EUCE test loop]

Below, adopt ECE/EG to circulate and test the actuating speed pattern and be ready for the driver on the basis of urban district mobility operation.

The ECE test loop is used in Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Britain, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Holland, Portugal and Spain.Vehicle starting and heated up 40 seconds after test loop begin, described automobile has been that 20～30 ℃ test room was parked 12 hours in temperature.

The driving mode of the measuring distance by repeating to have 1.013km is finished a circulation for 4 times.At test period, tail gas is collected in the identical sample sack, then tail gas is analyzed.

Recently, the automotive test pattern is converted to the ECE15+EUDC pattern by the ECE/EG pattern.In the ECE15+EUDC pattern, in the ECE/EG pattern, add fast mode to form total measuring distance of 11km.The ECE15+EUDC pattern has been used as a kind of test pattern of European Union's car emission standard (EURO3).

Table 6 has been listed the permission emission limit by the automobile of ECE/EC test loop regulation and control.

[table 6]

Engine displacement (l)	Control	CO (g/ test)	HC+NO X(g/ test)	NO X(g/ test)
					≤2.0	88/76/EWG	25	6.5	3.5
1.4-2.0	88/76/EWG	30	8
					≥1.4	88/76/EWG 89/458/EWG	45 19	15 5	6
The engine displacement ECE15+EUDC that amounts to	91/441/EWG	2.72g/km	0.79g/km

The ECE15+EUDC pattern has one 31% idling specific rotation and the idling selection rate of CVS75 is 17.9%.

First circulation had 11 seconds, the idling rotation of 21 seconds and 21 seconds at interval, and second to the 4th circulation had 18 seconds, the idling of 21 seconds and 21 seconds is rotated the interval.

Thereby, can judge and allow that in idling rotation interlude tail gas has the idling rotation and prevents function and improve fuel consumption.Table 7 is listed according to the automotive test result of ECE15+EUDC pattern.

Table 7 is except the test result according to the ECE15+EUD pattern.

[table 7]

The testing automobile type		CO (g/km)	NOx (g/km)	NMHC (g/km)	CO 2 (g/km)	F.E. (km/L)	Allow limit (g/ test)		By whether
										CO (≥30)	HC+ NOx (≥8)
							Basic automobile	Stage				1	3.82	0.49	0.640	265.8	8.55	15.82	4.82 2
Stage 2	0.05	0.03	0.008	161.5	14.50
						Summation		1.44	0.20	0.241	199.9	11.54

The HC adsorber is installed	Stage 1	0.94	0.25	0.293	287	8.09	10.72	2.27
										Stage 2	1.00	0.00	0.009	164.4	14.11
	Summation	0.98	0.09	0.114	230.4	11.07
										The progress (%) of basic relatively automobile		31.9	55	53	-15.3	-4.1
The controlling method 0 of ASG is installed	Stage 1	7.18	0.55	0.624	239.5	9.26											48.74	5.75	Not
							Stage 2	2.83	0.08	0.058	158.9	14.32
	Summation	4.43	0.26	0.266	188.6	11.92
							The progress (%) of basic relatively automobile		-209	-30	-10.4	5.7	3.3
The controlling method 1 of ASG is installed	Stage 1	6.09	0.64	0.605	233.9	9.54								27.29	5.32
							Stage 2	0.36	0.02	0.015	159	14.68
	Summation	2.48	0.25	0.233	186.7	12.24
							The progress (%) of basic relatively automobile		-72	-25	3.3	6.6	6.1
The progress (%) of control model 0 relatively		44	3.8	12.4	1.0	2.6

These tests are carried out as characterization test.By carrying out two or repeatedly identical test continuously,, each measuring result error in suitable scope, operates if in 3% scope, just can judging test.Thereby these tests are considered to high feasible test.

Figure 17 to Figure 22 is the figure that measures the result value in the project comparison sheet 7 with regard to each.

Stage 1 (Ph1) is specified a urban district driving mode, and the stage 2 (Ph2) is specified an expressway driving mode.Must main measurement result according to stage 1 observation test automobile.Equally, about tail gas, each measurement result is expressed as g/km.About allowing emission limit, CO is represented by the 8g/ test by 30g/ test expression and HC+NOx.

With reference to Figure 17, Figure 17 compared primary condition and the control mode 0 of ASG is installed and the automobile of control mode 1 in the measurement result of CO, the stage that is emitted on 1 of CO raises and reduces in the stages 2.In the situation of the automobile that the HC adsorber is installed, CO reduces in stages 2 rising and in the stage 1.

The characteristics that the automobile of the control mode 0 of ASG and control mode 1 is installed are, because motor was interrupted and resets at the time point that the idling stage finishes and car speed increases in the idling stage, supply an intensive fuel mixture in order to allow ECU guarantee that fuel when the determinacy increasing amount of starting is injected into this when idling stops to reset.

During this time, in catalyzer, even when the temperature of catalyzer is enough high, because catalyzer is positioned at outside the cleaning area, hardly may clean tail gas and reduce the discharging of CO.

Thereby, install in the situation of automobile of the control mode 0 of ASG and control mode 1 at each, when than other automobile, the discharging of CO do not got help to raise on the contrary.

Figure 18 is by comparing the NO of each testing automobile _XMeasurement result and figure.When as on the whole, NO _XStage that is emitted on 1 maximum and in stages 2 minimum.

Figure 19 is the figure that gets by the measurement result of the NMHC of each testing automobile relatively.When as on the whole, stage that is emitted on of NMHC 1 is maximum and in stages 2 minimum.

When the discharge amount of observing NMHC in the stage 1, NMHC a large amount of dischargings in the situation of basic automobile reach 0.64g/km.In the situation of the automobile of the control mode 0 that ASG is installed, the NMHC of discharging 0.624g/km.In the situation of the automobile of the control mode 1 that ASG is installed, the NMHC of discharging 0.605g/km.In the situation of the automobile that the HC adsorber is installed, NMHC up 0.293g/km.With regard to the ECE15+EDUC pattern, be understood that easily, because of it has the idling stage longer than the CVS75 pattern,, idling reduces effect because stopping to reach significant tail gas.

Figure 20 is by comparing the CO of each testing automobile ₂Measurement result and figure.CO in the observation stage 1 ₂Discharging the time, CO ₂Discharging is maximum in the automobile that the HC adsorber is installed, and basic automobile is 265.8g/km, and control mode 0 automobile that ASG is installed is 239.5g/km, and control mode 1 automobile that ASG is installed is 233.9g/km to the maximum.Equally, in this kind situation, be understood that easily, because of the ECE16+EUDC pattern has the idling stage longer than the CVS75 pattern, because idling stops to reach CO in the significant tail gas ₂Discharging reduces effect.

Figure 21 is the fuel consumption and the CO of each testing automobile of comparison ₂The figure of measurement result.In the situation of control mode 1 automobile that ASG is installed, when with basic automobile relatively the time, the fuel economy property improvement about 6.1% and CO ₂Reduced by 6.6%.

Equally, in the situation of control mode 1 automobile that ASG is installed, when with basic automobile relatively the time, the fuel economy property improvement about 3.3% and CO ₂Reduced by 5.7%.In contrast, when comparing with the automobile that the HC adsorber is installed, fuel consumption and CO ₂Each reduces by 4.1% and 15.3%.Thereby, be understood that easily the HC adsorber is to reducing NMHC effect effectively and to improving fuel consumption or reduction CO ₂Discharging is effect not.

Figure 22 has with reference to automobile to allow emission limit that the figure of the exhaust emissions measurement result of each testing automobile is described, this automobile is regulated and control by ECE15+EUDC.

With regard to CO, though allowing emission limit is the 30g/ test, basic automobile is the 15.82g/ test, the automobile that the HC adsorber is installed is the 10.72g/ test, and control mode 1 automobile that ASG is installed is 27.29g/ test, is understood that easily that by these all testing automobiles fully meet the permission emission limit.

Yet in the situation of the automobile of the control mode 0 that ASG is installed, the discharge amount of CO is the 48.74g/ test, surpasses to allow emission limit, so it does not meet the numerical value of control.The corresponding originate mode usually of automobile of the control mode 0 of ASG is installed, in originate mode usually, when idling is reset after idling stops in the stage, does not carry out fuel and skip.

Judge that on basis what can find is, have only when fuel injects and skip when fully being used that the automobile that just may meet by test pattern control allows emission limit in this fact.

In the situation of HC+NOx, though allowing emission limit is the 8g/ test, basic automobile is the 4.822g/ test, the automobile that the HC adsorber is installed is the 2.27g/ test, the automobile that the control mode 0 of ASG is installed is the 5.75g/ test, and the automobile that the control mode 1 of ASG is installed is 5.32g/ test, is understood that easily that by these all testing automobiles fully meet the permission emission limit.

[mode test]

The mode testing reliability under the ECE15+EUDC pattern characterization test but it can analyze discharging degree hourly.

In mode test, can measure in test phase whole exhaust gas discharging each second and output result, so can analyze the characteristic of the exhaust emissions that each travel phase of operating mode produces.

Basic automobile and the control mode 2 and 3 that the automobile of ASG is installed are carried out the mode test, and in as following table 8, list the result.

In control mode 2, when the idling hold function operates on cooling water temperature and is 65 ℃, in control mode 3, carried out fuel and injected and skip.That is to say, though control mode 3 is operated in an identical manner with control mode 2, control mode 3 methods are represented a control mode, idling hold function operation in first circulation among four circulations in this control mode, and described four circulations constitute the stage 1 in the ECE15+EUDC pattern.

Figure 23 to Figure 29 is the figure that measures the measurement result in the project comparison sheet 8 with regard to each.

By the measurement result of the basic automobile in comparison sheet 8 and the table 7, it has reacted significant Different Results as can be seen.

This is because the amount of tail gas and fuel consumption is used with respect to the fuel of basic automobile when testing and the influence of the situation of basic automobile when testing.Accordingly, if the measuring condition of basic automobile changes when testing, will must repeat difficulty because of relevant automotive test.

In the mode test, carry out three basic automotive tests to guarantee the reliability of data.Yet, because the result who lists in these tests in the table 8 has sizable gap between the result of basic automobile, in relevant automobile control mode 2 with test again for 3 times with ASG.

Control mode 2 is represented a pattern, wherein idling hold function running when cooling water temperature is 65 ℃, and essence the 3rd circulation among four circulations operate, and described four circulations constitute the stage 1 in the ECE15+EUDC patterns.

Control mode 3 methods are represented a control mode, idling hold function operation in first circulation among four circulations in this control mode, do not move in second circulation and rerun in the 3rd circulation, described four circulations constitute the stage 1 in the ECE15+EUDC patterns.

[table 8]

The testing automobile type		CO (g/km)	NOx (g/km)	NMHC (g/km)	CO 2 (g/km)	F.E. (km/L)	Allow limit (g/ test)		By whether
										CO (≥30)	HC+NOx (≥8)
							Basic automobile	Stage				1	1.90	0.44	0.595	282.4	8.15	8.26	4.425
Stage 2	0.08	0.02	0.010	159.7	14.65
						Amount to		0.75	0.18	0.225	205.0	11.32
Control mode 2 with ASG	Stage	1	3.21	0.40	0.520								267.7	8.53	15.19	3.955
						Stage 2	0.32	0.02	0.017	159.4	14.65
	Amount to	1.38	0.16	0.202	199.1							11.60
						The improvement (%) of basic relatively automobile		-84	11.1	10.2	2.9		2.5
Control mode 3 with ASG	Stage	1	5.18	0.52	0.75							255.1		8.82				23.1	5.406
						Stage 2	0.29	0.02	0.017	158.6	14.72
	Amount to	2.10	0.20	0.289	194.3							11.80
						The improvement (%) of basic relatively automobile		-180	-20	-28.4	5.2		4.2

With reference to the figure that illustrates the CO measurement result, be equipped with in control mode 2 states of automobile of ASG, though initial two the circulation runnings in an identical manner among four circulations in formation stage 1 have remarkable difference between the discharging of CO mutually in the basic status neutralization.In contrast,, remove second circulation in stage 1, stop automatically and advancement function works in remaining three circulation, but be understood that easily when CO discharging maximum relatively the time with other automobiles in the situation of control mode 3.

Figure 24 is the figure that compares the measurement result of NOx for testing automobile.Should be noted that when with basic automobile comparison control mode 2 has discharged minimum NOx and showed the NOx discharging and reduce effect.

Figure 25 is the figure that compares the measurement result of NMHC for testing automobile.The discharging of NMHC has very important significance.Control mode 2 has minimum NMHC discharge amount thereby reaches the NMHC discharging reduction effect that is better than basic automobile.In contrast, in the situation of control mode 3, the discharge amount of NMHC increases when comparing with basic automobile a little.

The discharging of NMHC in the observation stage 1, the control mode 3 that the automobile of ASG is housed is 0.75g/km to the maximum, and basic automobile is 0.595g/km, and the control mode 2 minimum 0.520g/km of being of the automobile of ASG are housed.

In control mode 2 situations of the automobile that ASG is housed, reached about 12.6% NMHC reduction effect.

Figure 26 compares CO for testing automobile ₂The figure of measurement result.

CO in the observation stage 1 ₂Discharging, basic automobile is 282.4g/km, the control mode 2 that the automobile of ASG is housed is 267.7g/km, and the control mode 3 that the automobile of ASG is housed is 255.1g/km.The control mode 3 that the automobile of ASG is housed has minimum CO ₂Discharging.Its reason is because the ECE15+EUDC pattern have than CVS75 pattern longer the idling stage reduce effect because idling stops to reach significant tail gas.

Figure 27 is the figure that compares the measurement result of fuel consumption for testing automobile.With reference to Figure 27, be understood that easily the improved fuel consumption effect is small in the stage 2, and the improved fuel consumption effect has influenced the improvement of fuel consumption as a whole to a great extent in the stage 1.Equally, be understood that easily, in control mode 3 situations of the automobile that ASG is housed, when relatively the improved fuel consumption effect is bigger with other two kinds of situations.

Figure 28 compares fuel consumption and CO for testing automobile ₂The figure of measurement result.In control mode 2 situations of the automobile that ASG is housed, being effective is that relatively improved fuel consumption is about 2.5% with basic automobile, and CO ₂Reduced by 2.9%.Equally, in control mode 3 situations of the automobile that ASG is housed, being effective is that relatively improved fuel consumption is about 4.2% with basic automobile, and CO ₂Reduced by 5.2%.

Figure 29 has the figure of automobile with reference to the exhaust emissions measurement result of each testing automobile of explanation that allows emission limit, and this automobile is regulated and control by ECE15+EUDC.

About CO, though allowing emission limit is the 30g/ test, basic automobile is the 8.26g/ test, the control mode 2 that the automobile of ASG is housed is the 15.19g/ test, and the control mode 3 that the automobile of ASG is housed is the 23.1g/ test, is understood that easily by these that all testing automobiles fully satisfy and allows emission limit.

About HC+NOx, though though allow emission limit is the 8g/ test, basic automobile is the 4.425g/ test, the control mode 2 that the automobile of ASG is housed is the 3.955g/ test, and the control mode 3 that the automobile of ASG is housed is 5.406, is understood that easily by these that all testing automobiles fully satisfy and allows emission limit.

Only about CO, though the discharging of control mode 2 is equivalent to allow the about 50% of emission limit 30g/ test, because of having increased by 83% with basic its discharging of automobile comparison, need be about the improvement of this difficult problem.

Simultaneously, when more basic automobile and control mode 3, in control mode 3 situations, CO, the discharging of NOx and NMHC raises when comparing all with basic automobile, and CO ₂Discharging improved 5.2% and improved fuel consumption 4.2%.

As a result, available is to adopt the control mode 2 of having implemented fuel injection bypass system, and this fuel injects bypass system and cooling water temperature work in combination, improves atmosphere environment and fuel consumption.

Claims (4)

1. a vehicle starting controlling method is finished a conventional burn cycle thereby wherein said automobile has a plurality of cylinders of lighting with the predetermined ignition order, and described method comprises step:

(a) judge whether that motor is in starting state or resets state; And

(b) when judging that motor is in starting state or resets state, repeat one or many fuel and skip circulation, described fuel is skipped to light a fire in the circulation and skip with predetermined cylinder ignition order and is hocketed.

2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described skipping comprises the supply of fuel of interruption to cylinder.

3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, predetermined ignition order start from igniting and skip in any one.

4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, repeats one to three fuel and skips circulation.

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