CN1872971A - Method for extracting oil and fat of bee pollen through supercutical fluid - Google Patents
Method for extracting oil and fat of bee pollen through supercutical fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN1872971A CN1872971A CN 200610083872 CN200610083872A CN1872971A CN 1872971 A CN1872971 A CN 1872971A CN 200610083872 CN200610083872 CN 200610083872 CN 200610083872 A CN200610083872 A CN 200610083872A CN 1872971 A CN1872971 A CN 1872971A
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Abstract
This invention provides a safe and high efficiency method for extracting bee pollen grease by using supercritical fluid. The method comprises: (1) adding bee pollen to an extractor, adding propane, butane or their mixture, and extracting under stirring; (2) removing the solvent from bee pollen and mixed oil, respectively; (3) recovering and recycling the solvents, and obtaining bee pollen and bee pollen grease. The method has such advantages as high efficiency, high extraction rate, short extraction time, low cost, low solvent consumption, and high product quality. The bee pollen grease can be used to treat cardiovascular diseases, inflammation and cancer, and can promote brain development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of extracting oil and fat of bee pollen through supercutical fluid, belong to the deep processing field of natural product.
Background technology
Bee pollen is exactly that honeybee utilizes self special tectonic from polycarpeae---the pollen granule of gathering in the flower pesticide of the sources of nectar and pollen, sneak into nectar and saliva through honeybee to it, and be processed into irregular oblateness, carry back the dough of nest by the pollen basket on the honeybee hind leg.Bee pollen is a kind of high-grade natural nutrient, and the title (Perfect Foods) of individual nutrient substance has been arranged in the world, is regarded as promising food resource of 21 century.The content of fat accounts for 1%～20% of its dry weight in the bee pollen, is generally about 5%.Though the lipid content in the bee pollen is not high, but the unsaturated fatty acids proportion is generally higher in the grease, is mainly oleic acid, linolic acid, linolenic acid, and three's ratio sum can be more than half, also contain a spot of arachidonic acid in some pollen, and saturated fatty acid content is generally lower.Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) is not only playing an important role aspect the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of biometric safeguard film, and at treatment cardiovascular disorder, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and promote aspect such as brain development that remarkable efficacy is arranged.Though both at home and abroad to the research of pollen comprehensive nutritional composition system and going deep into comparatively, but to lipid acid in the pollen, particularly the research and development of polyunsaturated fatty acid are slower, thereby the fatty acid product in new millennium exploitation bee pollen is to be worth the direction of opening up in China's bee pollen utilization of resources.
Supercutical fluid is meant the dense fluids under supercritical temperature and emergent pressure state.Supercutical fluid has the dual nature of gas and liquid, and its viscosity is similar to gas, but spread coefficient is more much bigger than liquid, and its density and liquid are close.Supercutical fluid dissolves with separating process material and just is supercritical fluid extraction.Supercutical fluid used in the present invention is propane, butane or mixture (liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)).The boiling point of component is mostly below 0 ℃ in this solvent, propane boiling point-42.07 ℃ wherein, and the butane boiling point is-0.5 ℃, is gas at normal temperatures and pressures, the pressurization back be a liquid state.The ultimate principle of this technology is: and under normal temperature and certain pressure (0.1Mpa～1MPa), leach bee pollen with propane, butane or mixture (liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)) adverse current, make the solvent decompression gasification in the mixing oil and the pollen dregs of rice then, the solvent gas after the gasification is again through recycling behind the compressor compresses condensation liquefaction.
Adopt the supercritical CO 2 abstraction melissa powder oil and fat at present, only limit to the laboratory, the one-time investment cost is big, realizes relatively difficulty of industrialization.(0.1Mpa～1MPa), simple relatively to equipment requirements, the one-time investment cost is low, is easy to realize industrialization and pressure required for the present invention is little.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of extracting oil and fat of bee pollen through supercutical fluid.This method is the percentage extraction height not only, and the extraction time is fast, and is with short production cycle, and production cost is low, and molten consumption is low, and because service temperature is low, avoids the oxidative degradation of unsaturated fatty acids, thereby make the functional component of bee pollen not be destroyed excellent product quality.
Technical scheme:
(1) bee pollen joins in the extractor, feeds propane, butane or mixture (liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)) then and extract in extractor, in extraction process, suitably stirs.Carry out bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation and mixing oil precipitation after having extracted, the solvent compression is recycled, and obtains the bee pollen dregs of rice and bee pollen grease.
(2) moisture 2～10% in the bee pollen, the granularity of bee pollen is 5～100 orders.Wherein bee pollen is selected from Pollen Brassicae campestris, Pollen Maydis, Pollen Helianthi, Pollen Pini, Pollen Astragali Melilotoidis (Pollen Astragali Sinici), pollen of Semen Fagopyri Esculenti, sesame pollen, Chinese sorghum pollen, Flos Camelliae Japonicae powder or Flos Nelumbinis pollen.
(3) supercutical fluid is propane, butane or mixture (liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)).The boiling point of component is mostly below 0 ℃ in this solvent, propane boiling point-42.07 ℃ wherein, and the butane boiling point is-0.5 ℃, is gas at normal temperatures and pressures, the pressurization back be a liquid state.
(4) bee pollen joins in the extractor, in extractor, feed propane, butane or mixture (liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)) then, continuous extraction is 1～10 hour under 10～60 ℃ of extraction temperature, extracting pressure 0.1～1Mpa condition, in extraction process, suitably stirs.
(5) carry out bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation and mixing oil precipitation after having extracted, the solvent compression is recycled, and obtains the bee pollen dregs of rice and bee pollen grease, and extraction times is 1～4 time.
(6) bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation is a kind of endothermic process, therefore when precipitation, can replenish certain heat in the pollen dregs of rice, and the control Heating temperature, stirs at a slow speed in the precipitation process below 60 ℃, helps solvent evaporates and heat transmission.Bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation condition: vacuum tightness is 0.05～0.1Mpa, and temperature is 35～60 ℃, 0.5～2 hour time.
(7) mixing oil precipitation condition: vacuum tightness is 0.05～0.1Mpa, and temperature is 35～60 ℃, keeps promptly can obtain bee pollen grease in 0.5～2 hour.Bee pollen wherein: supercutical fluid=1: 1～4 (W/W).Wherein the charge amount of bee pollen accounts in the extractor volumetrical 3/4.Figure of description is seen in technical process.
The present invention has following advantage than prior art:
(1) extracting power is strong, the extraction yield height.
(2) service temperature is low, can preserve bee pollen effective constituent more in good condition and not be destroyed, and can avoid the oxidative degradation of unsaturated fatty acids, excellent product quality.
(3) extraction time is fast, with short production cycle.
(4) operating parameters is controlled easily, constant product quality.
(5) investment is little, production cost is low.
(6) flow process is simple, and is easy to operate, saves labor force and a large amount of organic solvent.
(7) it is good to leach back gained pollen dregs of rice quality, in the dregs of rice water-soluble protein unchangeability rate greater than 95%, in the dregs of rice Residual oil less than 1%, residual molten less than 50ppm.
(8) molten consumption is low, and ton material consumption is molten less than 6kg.
(9) do not have " three-waste pollution " in the production, belong to environment-friendly engineering.
(10) residual molten in the grease less than 1ppm, meet national standard-required fully.
(11) the supercutical fluid source is wide, and price is low.
In order to understand essence of an invention better, describe technology contents of the present invention in detail with embodiment below, but they not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
With 2 kilograms of Pollen Brassicae campestriss (moisture content 5%) is raw material, it is joined in the 15L extractor, in extractor, feed liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) then, carry out bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation and mixing oil precipitation in extraction under 20 ℃ of extraction temperature, the extracting pressure 0.1Mpa condition after 1 hour, the solvent compression is recycled, obtain the bee pollen dregs of rice and bee pollen grease, the grease yield is 4.0% for the first time.Bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation condition: vacuum tightness is 0.07Mpa, 40 ℃ of temperature, and the time is 0.5 hour.Mixing oil precipitation condition: vacuum tightness is 0.08Mpa, and temperature is 40 ℃, and the time is 0.5 hour.
According to the first time extraction conditions carry out second time extraction, the grease yield is 0.5%
According to the first time extraction conditions extract for the third time, the grease yield is 0.3%.
Embodiment 2
With 2 kilograms of Pollen Brassicae campestriss (moisture content 5%) is raw material, it is joined in the 15L extractor, in extractor, feed liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) then, carry out bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation and mixing oil precipitation in extraction under 40 ℃ of extraction temperature, the extracting pressure 0.2Mpa condition after 1 hour, the solvent compression is recycled, obtain the bee pollen dregs of rice and bee pollen grease, the grease yield is 4.5% for the first time.Bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation condition: vacuum tightness is 0.07Mpa, 40 ℃ of temperature, and the time is 0.5 hour.Mixing oil precipitation condition: vacuum tightness is 0.08Mpa, and temperature is 40 ℃, and the time is 0.5 hour.
According to the first time extraction conditions carry out second time extraction, the grease yield is 0.4%.
According to the first time extraction conditions extract for the third time, the grease yield is 0.1%.
Embodiment 3
With 2 kilograms of Pollen Brassicae campestriss (moisture content 5%) is raw material, it is joined in the 15L extractor, in extractor, feed liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) then, carry out bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation and mixing oil precipitation in extraction under 50 ℃ of extraction temperature, the extracting pressure 0.4Mpa condition after 1 hour, the solvent compression is recycled, obtain the bee pollen dregs of rice and bee pollen grease, the grease yield is 4.7% for the first time.Bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation condition: vacuum tightness is 0.07Mpa, 40 ℃ of temperature, and the time is 0.5 hour.Mixing oil precipitation condition: vacuum tightness is 0.08Mpa, and temperature is 40 ℃, and the time is 0.5 hour.
According to the first time extraction conditions carry out second time extraction, the grease yield is 0.3%.
According to the first time extraction conditions extract for the third time, the grease yield is 0.1%.
Embodiment 4
With 500 kilograms of Pollen Brassicae campestriss (moisture content 5%) is raw material, it is joined in the 4000L extractor, in extractor, feed liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) then, carry out bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation and mixing oil precipitation in extraction under 50 ℃ of extraction temperature, the extracting pressure 0.8Mpa condition after 3.5 hours, the solvent compression is recycled, obtain the bee pollen dregs of rice and bee pollen grease, the grease yield is 3.6% for the first time.Bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation condition: vacuum tightness is 0.07Mpa, 40 ℃ of temperature, and the time is 1 hour.Mixing oil precipitation condition: vacuum tightness is 0.08Mpa, and temperature is 40 ℃, and the time is 1 hour.
According to the first time extraction conditions carry out second time extraction, the grease yield is 0.8%.
According to the first time extraction conditions extract for the third time, the grease yield is 0.4%.
Accompanying drawing: the technical process of extracting oil and fat of bee pollen through supercutical fluid
Claims (5)
1, a kind of method of utilizing extracting oil and fat of bee pollen through supercutical fluid, it is characterized in that: bee pollen is joined in the extractor, in extractor, feed propane then, butane or its mixture (liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)) extract, 10～60 ℃ of extraction temperature, continuous extraction is 1～10 hour under extracting pressure 0.1～1Mpa condition, in extraction process, suitably stir, carry out bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation and mixing oil precipitation after having extracted, bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation condition: vacuum tightness is 0.05～0.1Mpa, temperature is 35～60 ℃, and 0.5～2 hour time, mixing oil precipitation condition: vacuum tightness is 0.05～0.1Mpa, temperature is 35～60 ℃, 0.5～2 hour time; The solvent compression is recycled, and finally obtains the bee pollen dregs of rice and bee pollen grease.
2, the greasy method of supercritical fluid extraction peak pollen according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the consumption of bee pollen and supercutical fluid with parts by weight count 1: 1～4, the charge amount of bee pollen accounts in the extractor volumetrical 3/4.
3. the method for extracting oil and fat of bee pollen through supercutical fluid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the bee pollen moisture 2～10%, the granularity of bee pollen is 5～100 orders, and wherein bee pollen is selected from Pollen Brassicae campestris, Pollen Maydis, Pollen Helianthi, Pollen Pini, Pollen Astragali Melilotoidis (Pollen Astragali Sinici), pollen of Semen Fagopyri Esculenti, sesame pollen, Chinese sorghum pollen, Flos Camelliae Japonicae powder or Flos Nelumbinis pollen.
4, the method for extracting oil and fat of bee pollen through supercutical fluid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: bee pollen dregs of rice precipitation is a kind of endothermic process, therefore when precipitation, can in the bee pollen dregs of rice, replenish certain heat, the control Heating temperature is below 60 ℃, in the precipitation process, stir at a slow speed, help solvent evaporates and heat transmission.
5. bee pollen grease is characterized in that it is that either party's method according to claim 1-4 is prepared from.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100838724A CN100443579C (en) | 2006-06-07 | 2006-06-07 | Method for extracting oil and fat of bee pollen through supercutical fluid |
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| CNB2006100838724A CN100443579C (en) | 2006-06-07 | 2006-06-07 | Method for extracting oil and fat of bee pollen through supercutical fluid |
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| CN1872971A true CN1872971A (en) | 2006-12-06 |
| CN100443579C CN100443579C (en) | 2008-12-17 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101103805B (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2011-04-06 | 山东师范大学 | Industrial producing method for extracting fatty compound from melissa pollen |
| CN102229973A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2011-11-02 | 承德畅达生物科技有限公司 | Extraction method of Chinese pine pollen small peptides |
| CN101332218B (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2012-12-05 | 浙江海正药业股份有限公司 | Broken pollen extract and extracting method and use thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0788303A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-04-04 | Lion Corp | Production of valuable matter extract |
| EP1183039A1 (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2002-03-06 | Armadillo Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Pharmaceutical preparations of bioactive substances extracted from natural sources |
| CN1307092A (en) * | 2000-01-25 | 2001-08-08 | 云南省林业科学院 | CO2 supercritical extraction of fat compounds from pollen pini |
-
2006
- 2006-06-07 CN CNB2006100838724A patent/CN100443579C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101332218B (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2012-12-05 | 浙江海正药业股份有限公司 | Broken pollen extract and extracting method and use thereof |
| CN101103805B (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2011-04-06 | 山东师范大学 | Industrial producing method for extracting fatty compound from melissa pollen |
| CN102229973A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2011-11-02 | 承德畅达生物科技有限公司 | Extraction method of Chinese pine pollen small peptides |
| CN102229973B (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2013-05-01 | 承德畅达生物科技有限公司 | Extraction method of Chinese pine pollen small peptides |
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