CN1870046A - Method for making appraisal of genuine or fake of high-grade jade article handed down from ancient times assisted by computer - Google Patents
Method for making appraisal of genuine or fake of high-grade jade article handed down from ancient times assisted by computer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for identifying true or false of ancient jade ware with assistance of computer includes setting up microscopic digital image databank of ancient jade ware surface feature and microscopic digital image databank of artificial false jade ware surface feature, comparing video image of jade ware to be identified with video image of ancient jade ware feature in databank and confirming that jade ware to be identified is true one if two video images are the same or otherwise confirming that jade ware to be identified is false one.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distinguishing method between true and false of high ancient jade article handed down from ancient times.Be particularly related to the image recognition technology in the computer technology, be applied to high ancient jade article handed down from ancient times and differentiate.Adopt traditional ancient beautiful experience discrimination method,, belong to the objective qualification method of beautiful superficial feature micro-structure diagram of a kind of unearthed Gu and characteristic quantification in conjunction with computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times.
Background technology
High ancient jade article handed down from ancient times is meant each cultural relic at the Neolithic Age, the jadeware that always spreads in this world after being unearthed in different time places.The characteristics of most jadewares are to have broken away from findspot and environment, have brought numerous difficulties for high ancient jade article identification handed down from ancient times.So, how to judge that the true and false of high ancient jade article handed down from ancient times and the accurate division of history into periods are very complicated processes.What start with and rational authentication step is vital from.At first be to judge the true and false, uncertain other of the true and false will do not known where to begin.
At present, the evaluation of the high ancient jade article true and false handed down from ancient times also rests on the experience validation phase, is to summarize the experience like a kind of secret recipe, with minority expert's individual rich experiences, knowledge and eyesight, the true and false of certain high ancient jade article handed down from ancient times of reasoning and judging.Adopt the conclusion that common-sense analogy drew usually to be difficult to check.Because the connoisseur explains the ancient beautiful true and false according to experience of oneself and general knowledge, there is very big difference in this sometimes expert's conclusion.If a kind of phenomenon has several different possibilities to explain and can't be verified that conclusion does not just have scientific meaning so yet.If someone proposes different views to a kind of conclusion, and the researcher can't make an explanation, so such conclusion also is difficult to convincing.Can't be proved if identify the conclusion that the scholar draws, so this conclusion is an one man's opinion, and is difficult to the conclusion of the science that is counted as.This often with scholar's status, experience and qualifications and record of service as the arbitration foundation, though and the conclusion that draws all by name titled with science, this obviously runs counter to the science original idea.It is fully outdated to handle complicated problem in science with the classic method of experience, general knowledge and intuitive thought, and it has not only limited the degree of depth and the range of research, and our handed down from ancient times high ancient jade article authenticity is gone astray.
Experience identifies that also there is another problem in the high ancient jade article true and false handed down from ancient times: an ancient jade can be described as priceless treasure, transports in qualification process or transfer and causes in the process that to lose or damage be irremediable heavy losses.How to avoid such loss, also be the problem that ancient beautiful qualification process exists.The present invention can transmit picture by the internet, solves the difficult problem of long-range evaluation.
At present, do not find better more advanced handed down from ancient times high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false.Do not have to find about utilizing computer image recognition technology to differentiate the report or the pertinent literature of high ancient jade article true and false method handed down from ancient times yet.
Chinese patent, Granted publication number: 1232857 patent, provide a kind of to the discrimination method of writing with the civilian juxtaposition sequencing of seal, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1. the sample that will differentiate is taken a picture at microscopically, forms the cinephotomicrography image;
2. according to writing and the different modes that the civilian juxtaposition of seal forms, set up test sample, and test sample is taken a picture at microscopically, form contrast cinephotomicrography image;
3. the contrast cinephotomicrography image that 2. cinephotomicrography image that 1. step is obtained and step obtain carries out the feature contrast, find out the cinephotomicrography image of the test sample identical, thereby draw the writing and the civilian juxtaposition sequencing of seal of sample with the cinephotomicrography characteristics of image of sample formation.
In setting up test sample cinephotomicrography image process, length (writing after promptly writing, print civilian drying after impressing) according to different writing ink (comprising burnt black ink, blue-black ink, ballpoint pen oil, transfer paper manifolding form), writing and seal literary composition juxtaposition sequencing (write afterwards earlier and impress, write behind the benefit seal earlier), writing time, set up test sample respectively, form contrast cinephotomicrography image.
In comparison process, the contrast cinephotomicrography image that 2. sample cinephotomicrography image that 1. step is obtained and step obtain carries out the feature contrast, find out the identical test sample of cinephotomicrography characteristics of image that forms with sample, the cinephotomicrography image of " blue-black ink; impress earlier and afterwards write ", thus the writing that draws sample with the civilian juxtaposition sequencing of seal is: impress earlier and afterwards write.
This method is applied to print civilian juxtaposition sequencing and differentiates that effect is fine.But can not be applied to high ancient jade article real and fake discrimination handed down from ancient times.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: a kind of computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times is provided, high ancient jade article experience handed down from ancient times is differentiated, in conjunction with the method for area of computer aided discriminating.The authentication method of high ancient jade article presentation feature micro-structure diagram handed down from ancient times and high ancient jade article characteristic quantification handed down from ancient times is provided for the connoisseur.Discriminant criterion unanimity, objective, that quantize is provided for high ancient jade article authenticity expert handed down from ancient times.Can draw and accurately, for good and all write down and accurate verification; Make high ancient jade article authenticity examination handed down from ancient times convenient, do not need specialty identify knowledge also verification accurately go out high ancient jade article authenticity handed down from ancient times.Reduce high ancient jade article handed down from ancient times unnecessary loss in qualification process in addition.Can transmit picture by the internet, solve the difficult problem of long-range evaluation.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Image absorption equipment comprises digital camera or cinephotomicrography equipment; Storage and movement images equipment are computing machine and the PHOTOSHOP software that storage and movement images are used.
High ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false step handed down from ancient times is as follows:
A, the unearthed Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature cinephotomicrography electronic databank of foundation.
A, choose the top layer element characteristic object piece that the ancient jade that is unearthed has the whole of architectural feature and choose the 0.5-2 square centimeter on the ancient beautiful surface of being unearthed, use digital camera to take pictures.Digital camera generally is not lower than 5,000,000 pixels.The cinephotomicrography digital camera Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature digitized image that will be unearthed is imported, is stored in the computing machine.
The unearthed Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature digitized image that b, usefulness obtain is set up the non-protogenous character image data storehouse, Gu Yu top layer of being unearthed.And according to the Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous characteristic type number class of being unearthed, each characteristic element and corresponding image connection.Make it and in the PHOTOSHOP software environment, to open, to operate.
B, choose the top layer non-protogenous element characteristic of jadeware to be identified, these features are taken into micro-digital electric image by magnifier.These features are significant to real and fake discrimination.Described magnifier is the best with 20 times magnifier.With the micro-digital electric image input of the jadeware to be identified that obtains computing machine.Make it and in the PHOTOSHOP software environment, to open, to operate.
The described top layer non-protogenous element characteristic of choosing jadeware to be identified comprises that jadeware to be identified has the top layer non-protogenous feature of choosing the 0.2-2 square centimeter on the integral body of architectural feature and the jadeware to be identified surface.
C, jadeware cinephotomicrography image to be identified is opened in computing machine PHOTOSHOP system environments, in the Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous property data base that is unearthed, find out the cinephotomicrography image of the unearthed Gu beautiful master sample identical and in same PHOTOSHOP system environments, open, carry out the beautiful master sample element characteristic contrast of unearthed Gu in jadeware to be identified and the database with jadeware formation characteristic type to be identified.The ancient beautiful master sample element characteristic video image that is unearthed is true with the identical person of the element characteristic jadeware then to be identified of jadeware video image to be identified, otherwise is pseudo-.
If in the time of can't accurately judging or wish the multinomial jadeware feature to be identified of discriminating in the contrast of first kind of characteristic type of jadeware to be identified and unearthed Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature, repeating step B and C, choosing other top layer non-protogenous characteristic type images compares, contrast by the various features types of image is judged, draws correct judgement conclusion.
The invention discloses a kind of authentication method to high ancient jade article handed down from ancient times.The present invention relates to the pattern recognition field in the computer technology, traditional ancient beautiful discrimination method belongs to empirical science, the two is combined a kind of computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times of formation, the objective qualification reference frame of ancient beautiful feature micro-structure diagram and characteristic quantification is provided for the connoisseur.The process of this evaluation is actually is finding and is seeking and gather the presentation feature that some high ancient jade articles handed down from ancient times form naturally.As people's age size is to judge according to some presentation feature, as wrinkle, white hair, senile plaque expelling etc.The presentation feature of high ancient jadeware handed down from ancient times comprises variation color, quality, that genus in shape forms naturally.These features that form naturally are identical with the ancient beautiful feature of being unearthed, and these features are that the people is that the fake producer can't copy at all.For example the hole mesopore promptly has a tiny and deep needle-like nature channel on the hole wall of an artificial boring.The top layer non-protogenous element characteristic of finding jadeware to be identified has this natural channel, and jadeware then to be identified is a genuine piece.Hole mesopore on the jadeware handed down from ancient times manually can't be copied.Reason be artificial boring formerly and natural channel after, the time that this natural channel forms is very slowly, may need hundreds of to thousands of years.There is the handed down from ancient times high ancient jade article of this feature can be defined as genuine piece.
Use 20-100 magnifier doubly can see the microscopic feature on jadeware surface, be used to find that ancient beautiful presentation changes.The tried analysis of the feature of these epiphases draws valuable analysis data.As the color analysis that the jadeware surface of being unearthed is presented.In the particle specimens that different color is got on the jadeware surface, make chemical analysis or electron probe determination.Color analysis is the result show, Fe (ferro element) red and the brown epidermis is higher than inside; The black epidermis contains Cl or organism, and inside does not have; Green epidermis contains Cu (copper), and inside does not have yet.This shows that the epidermis look relevant to the absorption of foreign ion with the implements surface.But also there is limitation in these experimental analyses.To the analysis of jadeware handed down from ancient times, can only be as a kind of supplementary means.
The main foundation of identifying is the precedence of analogy and type and the formation of oozing.Analogy is to be standard with ancient jade that the record that is unearthed is arranged, finds and study their variation characteristic, sets up the non-protogenous microscopic feature computerized information storehouse, Gu Yu top layer of being unearthed.Carry out analogy with the feature of high ancient jade article handed down from ancient times and it again, draw correct conclusion.Again by analyzing the priority origin cause of formation relation of moulding and beautiful superficial feature, the relations of dependence of beautiful superficial feature and moulding.Be shown as veining as the jadeware superficial feature, according to the trend and the continuity of veining, both whether the veining of in jadeware table plane and the groove or turning point consistent, judge veining be prior to form before processing or the processing back forms.As archeological stratigraphy, the upper strata evening in age lower floor age early.That is to say jadeware table feature be before moulding, form or form in the back.Preceding formation be fakement, what form in the back is genuine piece.
Described unearthed jadeware top layer element characteristic image classification is:
A, the variation class of oozing a, color classification 1, colour sorting oozes---and redness is oozed, green is oozed etc.
B, qualitative change classification 2, secondary pollutant classification---jade is shown the talcum secondary pollutant, calcification is inferior
Biological.
3, cot classification---black cot, white cot etc.
4, crystalline solid classification---acicular crystal, the crystallization of leaf of bamboo shape etc.
C, tagsort 5, convex surface classification---point-like projection, sheet projection etc.
6, channel classification---channel etc. in needle-like channel, the hole.
7, crackle classification---random bavin shape crackle, cracked ice pattern etc.
8, type variation class---natural type becomes, extrusion pressing type becomes.
B, material classification 9, material properties---the tremolite, serpentine, calcedony etc.
10, beautiful material source---Xinjiang and fill out jade, Xiuyan, northeast jade etc.
C, moulding classification 11, time classification---the Neolithic Age, summer, merchant, week etc.
12, assortment---sacrificial vessel, view and admire device, baldric etc.
13, purpose classification---offer a sacrifice to gods or ancestors, display, wear etc.
D, technology classification 14, boring classification---manual, machine worker.
15, skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery classification---hand is carved, the top tool.
16, grinder classification---Xie Yusha grinds by hand, electronic husky wheel.
The genuine piece sample cinephotomicrography image of setting up in the above-mentioned steps has following feature:
Variation the analysing of oozing forgiven three contents: color change, quality change, changing features.
Changing features---the changing features on the beautiful top layer that the cinephotomicrography image is reflected is divided into: projection, channel, crackle and type become 4 kinds naturally.
The nature projection comprises veining, block-shaped protrusion, point-like projection and cellular projection.
Channel comprises channel in needle-like channel, cellular channel, point-like channel, the hole, random shape channel.
Crackle comprises random bavin line, veiny line, earthworm line, vertical crack, cracked ice pattern, ox hair line.
The type change comprises natural distortion.
More than these features all be that ancient jade buries in soil for a long time and formedly changes naturally.
Quality changes---and quality changes two kinds of connotations, and the one, beautiful quality own.Beautiful quality own is meant its mineral attribute and the place of production.Two are meant that quality changes, this just and ooze inseparablely, having oozes just can have quality to change.Gu Yu produces secondary variation inevitably land burial several thousand.Its form of expression has; White or the cot of crystalline solid, leaf of bamboo shape secondary pollutant, acicular crystal, ant pin, mildew, chicken bone.
Color change---the primary color of non-beautiful matter.Produce metathesis with the chemical essence in the buring environment.Fe (ferro element) as red and brown epidermis is higher than inside; The black epidermis contains C (carbon) or organism, and inside does not have; Green epidermis contains Cu (copper), and inside does not have yet.This shows that the epidermis look relevant to the absorption of foreign ion with the implements surface.The color change of Xing Chenging is different from the primary color of beautiful matter like this.
The genuine piece sample cinephotomicrography image of setting up in the above-mentioned steps can also have following feature:
The moulding classification mainly is characteristics of the times classification, assortment, purpose classification.
The genuine piece sample cinephotomicrography image of setting up in the above-mentioned steps can also have following feature:
Technology is categorized as: bore process, the skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery are classified, grinder is classified and open the material classification.
Bore process comprises brill, journey brill, pipe bit, churn drill, anvil, hand drill, machine drill.
Skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery classification comprises the vestige that the icking tool of various materials stays, the vestige that uses the top tool to stay.
The grinder classification comprises manual friction and mechanical friction.
Open the material classification and comprise that driving material and machinery by hand opens material.
The present invention can also set up the micro-digital image database of the artificial pseudo-beautiful superficial feature of system in computing machine when setting up the Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature cinephotomicrography image data base of being unearthed.Purpose is to adopt the micro-digital image of the artificial pseudo-beautiful superficial feature of system and wait to reflect jadeware cinephotomicrography image comparison, and both are identical then to be fakement.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times for problems such as the non-objectivity that exists in traditional handed down from ancient times high ancient jade article real and fake discrimination and non-quantifications, provides feasible solution; Adopt the ancient beautiful digitized image input computing machine that is unearthed, utilize the contrast recognition technology to carry out the auxiliary discriminating of the high ancient jade article true and false handed down from ancient times, simple to operate, realize convenient, the identification result that quantizes be provided, comprised jadeware cinephotomicrography image to be checked, ancient beautiful cinephotomicrography image is unearthed, in database, find out with jadeware to be checked and form the identical beautiful cinephotomicrography image of unearthed Gu of feature, carry out the feature contrast.
The advantage of this authentication method is: provide discriminant criterion consistent, objective, that quantize to the expert.Can obtain accurately, for good and all writing down and accurate verification; Examination is convenient, has general specialty and identifies that the people of knowledge just can differentiate the true and false of high ancient jade article works handed down from ancient times exactly.This method is used can stop spreading unchecked of counterfeit effectively, helps the sound development of Gu Yu collection activity.Utilize the cinephotomicrography image comparison to differentiate in addition, can avoid high ancient jade article handed down from ancient times unnecessary loss in qualification process.Can transmit picture by the internet, solve the difficult problem of long-range evaluation.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the general image of a beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified.
Fig. 2 is the general image of a beautiful semi-annular jade pendant of unearthed Gu in the ancient beautiful database that is unearthed.
Fig. 3 is the local feature cinephotomicrography image of the beautiful pig dragon of Fig. 1 jadeware to be identified, and the image of the look that oozes is arranged in the boring.
Fig. 4 is the local feature cinephotomicrography image of the beautiful pig dragon of Fig. 1 jadeware to be identified, and beautiful table has the image of veining.
Fig. 5 is the beautiful pig dragon of a Fig. 1 jadeware to be identified local feature cinephotomicrography image, leaves the image of nature channel on the middle borehole wall.
Fig. 6 is the general image of a unearthed beautiful pig dragon in the ancient beautiful database that is unearthed.
Fig. 7 is the general image of a unearthed beautiful pig dragon in the ancient beautiful database that is unearthed.
Fig. 8 is the beautiful pig dragon of a jadeware to be identified general image.
Fig. 9 is the local feature cinephotomicrography image of Fig. 7, in the beautiful pig dragon boring of being unearthed channel is arranged; Top layer bag slurry is arranged in the boring; The Yu Biaocengbao slurry is consistent.
Figure 10 is the local feature cinephotomicrography image of the beautiful pig dragon of Fig. 8 jadeware to be identified, and bag slurry and Yu Biaocengbao slurry are inconsistent in the boring.
Figure 11 is the local feature cinephotomicrography image of Fig. 7, and bag slurry and Yu Biaocengbao slurry in the beautiful pig dragon slot grinding that is unearthed are consistent.
Figure 12 is the local feature cinephotomicrography image of the beautiful pig dragon of Fig. 8 jadeware to be identified, and bag slurry and Yu Biaocengbao slurry in the slot grinding are inconsistent.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
At first, set up the Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature cinephotomicrography image data base of being unearthed.On numerous beautiful surfaces of unearthed Gu, choose the object piece that top layer non-protogenous feature is arranged of 0.2-2 square centimeter respectively, use the cinephotomicrography digital camera to take pictures.Choose the integral body that the ancient jade that is unearthed has architectural feature simultaneously, take pictures with the cinephotomicrography digital camera.Digital camera pixel 5,000,000.The cinephotomicrography digital camera Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature of will being unearthed is digitized as image, and the input computing machine is stored in the computing machine by unearthed jadeware top layer element characteristic image classification.2341 of the color digital images of the unearthed Gu Yu top layer of acquisition non-protogenous feature are set up non-protogenous character image data storehouse, a unearthed Gu Yu top layer.And according to the Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous characteristic type number class of being unearthed.Each characteristic element and corresponding image connection.Make it and in the PHOTOSHOP software environment, to open, to operate.
The cinephotomicrography image classification is respectively:
A, the variation class of oozing a, color classification 1,58 of colour sortings ooze;
B, qualitative change classification 2, secondary pollutant are classified 137;
3, the cot classification is 37;
4, the crystalline solid classification is 68;
C, tagsort 5, convex surface are classified 36;
6, the channel classification is 28;
7, the crackle classification is 22;
8, type variation class is 14;
18 of B, material classification 9, material properties;
10, beautiful material is originated 66;
1500 of C, moulding classification 11, time classifications;
12, assortment is 88;
13, purpose classification is 192;
D, technology classification 14, boring are classified 38;
15, skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery classification is 25;
16, the grinder classification is 14.
For the source of record sort cinephotomicrography image clearly, in unearthed Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature cinephotomicrography image data base, also there is the ancient beautiful general image that is unearthed.The ancient beautiful general image that is unearthed is general to be divided in the moulding classification.
Secondly, the beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified is taken a picture at the XLT--3400 microscopically, form the cinephotomicrography image.The digital camera of one 5,000,000 pixel is fixed on the tripod.After the optical microscope energized, open the base side light lamp, jadeware to be identified is placed on the microscopical observation place, observe focusing, treat that beautiful top layer non-protogenous feature is clear after, observe camera lens with one of the camera lens aligming microscope, the camera height can be to till last with microlens, and near microlens, then camera is focused, till the beautiful top layer non-protogenous feature of in camera lens, clearly seeing the beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified in the microlens.Then, opening camera shutter takes pictures.The jade table that forms image (Fig. 3) that the look that oozes is arranged in the boring of the general image (Fig. 1) of the beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified, the beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified and the beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified has on the middle borehole wall of the image (Fig. 4) of veining, the beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified and leaves channel (Fig. 5).
At last, carry out the computer picture contrast.Open computing machine, enter the PHOTOSHOP software systems, under this software environment, compare judgement.With the micro-electronic image input computing machine of jadeware to be identified, access from database and the corresponding genuine piece image of jadeware feature to be identified earlier, genuine piece image to a number Zhang Zhenpin image distinct root is decided according to needs, carries out true and false contrast and judges again.
The first step; Proof is oozed for really oozing.Access Red Hill beautiful semi-annular jade pendant (Fig. 2) in period from database, 1997 unearthed in Balin Right Banner, now is hidden in the Balin Right Banner museum.Semi-annular jade pendant is yellow beautiful matter, and transparency is good, and the whiting spray water oozes in the Huang.The general image (Fig. 1) of the beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified compares with the beautiful semi-annular jade pendant image of genuine piece (Fig. 2).Beautiful pig dragon is yellow beautiful matter, and transparency is good, and the whiting spray water oozes in the Huang.Beautiful pig dragon table feature and genuine piece fit like a glove.
Second step; What proof was oozed is formed on after the carver.There is the look of oozing (Fig. 3) on hole wall top layer in the boring of the beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified, and the trend of oozing is shown to ooze to be consistent by jade turning point and hole outside, fits like a glove with the jade table of the beautiful semi-annular jade pendant feature of oozing.This proves that oozing of beautiful pig dragon forms (Fig. 3) after boring.
The 3rd step; The artificial institute of proof can not imitation.The part of oozing of jadeware jade pig dragon to be identified has veining (Fig. 4) apparently higher than the jade table, and this phenomenon is that nature forms, and this oozing of forming naturally needs a metastable environment and finish for a long time slowly.Artificial fake producer can't copy.
The 4th step; The proof moulding formerly and channel after.Leave channel on the borehole wall in the middle of the beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified, (Fig. 5) these channels form after boring, that is to say artificial boring formerly and natural channel after, the formation of these natural channels is one and is process slowly, and is to form under a relatively stable constant environment.This point has verified from another point of view that also this part jadeware to be identified is a genuine piece.
The 5th step; The characteristics of the times of proof moulding.The moulding (Fig. 1) of the beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified, the moulding of the beautiful pig dragon (Fig. 6) of being unearthed period with Red Hill matches.Characteristics of the times are obvious.The beautiful pig dragon (Fig. 6) in Red Hill period is unearthed in the Aohan Banner, now is hidden in the museum, Aohan Banner.
By the comparison of above several aspects, can prove that fully the beautiful pig dragon of this part jadeware to be identified is the Red Hill genuine piece in period.
After differentiating that by this method a jadeware is genuine piece, with the cinephotomicrography image of this part jadeware, classification deposits the Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature cinephotomicrography image data base of being unearthed in, enlarges the cinephotomicrography image storage of database.
Embodiment 2
By the inventive method, identifying a jadeware is fakement.
Utilize the unearthed Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature cinephotomicrography image data base of having built up among the embodiment 1 to compare.Open computing machine, enter the PHOTOSHOP software systems, under this environment, compare judgement.
Choose jadeware to be identified top layer non-protogenous element characteristic, these features are taken into micro-digital image, with micro-electronic image input computing machine.To differentiate that jadeware takes into micro-digital image process, identical with embodiment 1; Choose and choose top layer non-protogenous feature difference targetedly, be not described in detail.
From database, access again and the corresponding genuine piece image of jadeware feature to be identified, decide according to needs to several distinct roots for one, compare judgement.Comparison process:
The first step; Proof is oozed and really oozed still is that vacation is oozed.Access Red Hill beautiful pig dragon (Fig. 7) in period from database, beautiful pig dragon (Fig. 7) is chicken bone white, and is sub-translucent; Beautiful table feature shows as channel, crystalline solid, irregular shape crackle.The beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified (Fig. 8) is compared with the beautiful pig dragon of genuine piece (Fig. 7).The beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified (Fig. 8) is white, and is opaque, whole device tone no change.The no channel of beautiful table, no crystalline solid, irregular shape crackle.Beautiful table feature and genuine piece are misfitted.
Second step; Proof is oozed be formed on before the carver still after.Jadeware table bag slurry inconsistent (Figure 10) outside the hole wall of boring and the hole in the middle of the beautiful pig dragon of jadeware to be identified.In the middle of genuine piece is ancient beautiful outside the hole wall of boring and the hole jadeware table bag starch consistent (Fig. 9), channel is arranged on the hole wall.Prove that jadeware boring to be identified is inconsistent with the time that the bag slurry forms.The vestige of boring inside is newer, and the bag of external surface layer slurry is the result that artificial disc grinds.
The 3rd step; The proof craft and techniques.Jadeware to be identified forms for grinding, and polishing scratch is newer in the groove, and is (Figure 12) different with the ancient beautiful pig dragon sample that is unearthed.Bag slurry that the beautiful pig dragon slot grinding that is unearthed is interior and Yu Biaocengbao starch and are consistent (Figure 11), and jadeware to be identified is inconsistent.
The 4th step; The characteristics of the times of proof moulding.Jadeware Modelling to be identified is that pig dragon (Fig. 8) is compared with unearthed beautiful pig dragon (Fig. 6, Fig. 7), and the stiff no romantic charm of jadeware pig dragon shaping to be identified, ratio do not meet the moulding ratio with Red Hill beautiful pig dragon in period.
By the comparison of above several aspects, can prove that fully this part jadeware to be identified is that contemporary fakement making person copys the Hongshan Culture fakement in period.
After differentiating that by this method a jadeware is fakement, with the cinephotomicrography image of this part fakement jadeware, classification deposits the micro-digital image database of the pseudo-jadeware superficial feature of artificial system in, enlarges the cinephotomicrography image storage of fakement jadeware database.The using method of the micro-digital image database of the artificial pseudo-jadeware superficial feature of system is: manually make the micro-digital image of pseudo-jadeware superficial feature and wait to reflect jadeware cinephotomicrography image comparison, both are identical then to be fakement.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times, it is characterized in that: image absorption equipment comprises digital camera or cinephotomicrography equipment; Computing machine and PHOTOSHOP software that storage and movement images are used;
High ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false step handed down from ancient times is as follows:
A, the unearthed Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature cinephotomicrography image data base of foundation;
A, choose the top layer non-protogenous feature object piece that the ancient jade that is unearthed has the whole of architectural feature and choose the 0.2-2 square centimeter on the ancient beautiful surface of being unearthed, use the cinephotomicrography digital camera to take pictures, the cinephotomicrography digital camera Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature of will being unearthed is digitized as image, import, be stored in the computing machine
The unearthed Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous characteristic number word image that b, usefulness obtain, set up the non-protogenous character image data storehouse, Gu Yu top layer of being unearthed, and according to the Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous characteristic type number class of being unearthed, each characteristic element and corresponding image connection make it and can open, operate in the PHOTOSHOP software environment;
B, choose the top layer non-protogenous feature object piece of jadeware to be identified by magnifier, these feature object pieces are taken into micro-digital image, with the micro-digital image input of the jadeware to be identified that obtains computing machine, make it and in the PHOTOSHOP software environment, to open, to operate;
C, the micro-digital image of jadeware to be identified is opened in computing machine PHOTOSHOP system environments, in the non-protogenous property data base of unearthed Gu Yu top layer, finding out and forming the identical unearthed ancient beautiful cinephotomicrography image of characteristic type with jadeware to be identified is master sample, in same PHOTOSHOP system environments, open, carry out the unearthed Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature contrast in jadeware to be identified and the database, the Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature video image that is unearthed is identical with the element characteristic of jadeware video image to be identified, jadeware then to be identified is true, otherwise is pseudo-.
2, a kind of computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: if can't accurately judge or wish the multinomial jadeware feature to be identified of discriminating in the contrast of first kind of characteristic type of jadeware to be identified and unearthed Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature the time, repeating step B and C, choosing other top layer non-protogenous characteristic type images compares, contrast by the various features types of image is judged, draws correct judgement conclusion.
3, a kind of computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: choose the top layer non-protogenous element characteristic of jadeware to be identified, comprise that jadeware to be identified has the top layer non-protogenous feature of choosing the 0.2-2 square centimeter on the integral body of architectural feature and the jadeware to be identified surface.
4, a kind of computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times according to claim 1 is characterized in that: non-protogenous characteristic image classification in described unearthed Gu Yu top layer is:
A, the variation class of oozing a, color classification 1, colour sorting oozes---and redness is oozed, green is oozed etc.;
B, qualitative change classification 2, secondary pollutant classification---beautiful table talcum secondary pollutant, calcification
Secondary pollutant;
3, cot classification---black cot, white cot etc.;
4, crystalline solid classification---acicular crystal, the crystallization of leaf of bamboo shape etc.;
C, tagsort 5, convex surface classification---point-like projection, sheet projection etc.;
6, channel classification---channel etc. in needle-like channel, the hole;
7, crackle classification---random bavin shape crackle, cracked ice pattern etc.;
8, type variation class---natural type becomes, extrusion pressing type becomes;
B, material classification 9, material properties---the tremolite, serpentine, calcedony etc.;
10, beautiful material source---Xinjiang and fill out jade, Xiuyan, northeast jade etc.;
C, moulding classification 11, time classification---the Neolithic Age, summer, merchant, week etc.;
12, assortment---sacrificial vessel, view and admire device, baldric etc.;
13, purpose classification---offer a sacrifice to gods or ancestors, display, wear etc.;
D, technology classification 14, boring classification---manual, machine worker;
15, skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery classification---hand is carved, the top tool;
16, grinder classification---Xie Yusha grinds by hand, electronic husky wheel.
5, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described a kind of computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times, it is characterized in that: the top layer non-protogenous element characteristic of finding jadeware to be identified during discriminating has the nature channel---and the hole mesopore, jadeware then to be identified is a genuine piece.
6, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described a kind of computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times, it is characterized in that: the top layer non-protogenous element characteristic of finding jadeware to be identified during discriminating has veining, trend and continuity according to veining, both whether the veining of in jadeware table plane and the groove or turning point was consistent, judge that veining is preceding that form or the formation of processing back prior to processing, that is to say the jadeware superficial feature be before moulding, form or form in the back, preceding formation be fakement, what form in the back is genuine piece.
7, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described a kind of computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times, it is characterized in that: choose the top layer non-protogenous element characteristic of jadeware to be identified by magnifier, described magnifier is 20 times a magnifier.
8, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described a kind of computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times, it is characterized in that: in unearthed Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature cinephotomicrography image data base, also have the ancient beautiful general image that is unearthed, the ancient beautiful general image that is unearthed divides in the moulding classification.
9, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described a kind of computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times, it is characterized in that: after differentiating that by this method a jadeware is genuine piece, cinephotomicrography image with this part jadeware, deposit the Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature cinephotomicrography image data base of being unearthed in by classification, enlarge the cinephotomicrography image storage of database.
10, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described a kind of computer assisted high ancient jade article distinguishing method between true and false handed down from ancient times, it is characterized in that: when setting up the Gu Yu top layer non-protogenous feature cinephotomicrography image data base of being unearthed, set up the micro-digital image database of the artificial pseudo-jadeware superficial feature of system, adopt artificial system micro-digital image of pseudo-jadeware superficial feature and jadeware cinephotomicrography image comparison to be identified, both are identical then to be fakement.
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