CN1869564A - Equipment of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal and alloy - Google Patents
Equipment of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal and alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN1869564A CN1869564A CN 200610085209 CN200610085209A CN1869564A CN 1869564 A CN1869564 A CN 1869564A CN 200610085209 CN200610085209 CN 200610085209 CN 200610085209 A CN200610085209 A CN 200610085209A CN 1869564 A CN1869564 A CN 1869564A
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- stopper
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- easy oxidation
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for non-vacuum smelting easy- to-oxidize metals and alloys, and its main parts comprise furnace body and furnace cover, where the furnace body is equipped with a heater, and a pot is placed inside the furnace body; and the furnace cover has an gas inlet, an gas outlet and a feed inlet and is equipped with a cooling mechanism; the bottom of the hearth is equipped with a bottom pouring orifice, a vertical stopper is arranged inside the furnace body, the lower end of the stopper is connected with the bottom pouring orifice, the upper end of the stopper is equipped with an adjustment mechanism which adjusts the vertical position of the stopper to prevent metal melt from flowing down in the smelting course; the lower side of the furnace body is directly connected with a crystallizer or iron mold, it adopts a down-pouring mode and the connecting channel is made with an gas inlet and an gas outlet. And its whole smelting and casting course is performed in the industrial pure protective gas, having low melting loss rate and good deoxidizing and dehydrogenating effects, easy to implement large-scale continuous operation and obviously improving the pouring quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the smelting equipment of easy oxidation metal and alloy, relate in particular to the equipment of smelting easy oxidation metal and alloy under the non-vacuum condition, belong to technical field of nonferrous metal processing.
Background technology
Traditional method of smelting of easy oxidation metal and alloy is vacuum melting, and its main process is: earlier alloying element is prepared in proportion, in the vacuum drying oven of packing into, simultaneously mould is also put into vacuum drying oven, be evacuated to 10
-3Begin to heat melting below the Pa, melting is directly cast in vacuum drying oven after finishing.This method of smelting, owing to have very high vacuum in the stove, the partial pressure of oxygen is extremely low, has stoped the oxidization burning loss of smelting metal from dynamics.In the fusion process, contain a certain amount of oxygen and hydrogen in the melt, because of concentration gradient produces very big chemical potential, make that oxygen and the Hydrogen Energy in the melt spreads to the melting environment enough fast between melt inside and the melting environment, therefore, vacuum melting method is the deoxidation dehydrogenation effectively.
Yet, there is following problem in the method for vacuum melting: 1. owing to need very high vacuum in the vacuum drying oven fusion process, sealing requirements to body of heater is very high, can not carry out composition measurement, composition adjustment during melting and pull out operation such as slag, and therefore composition and the impurity content to raw material requires very high; 2. vacuum melting generally can not adopted rapid cooling method, and the crystal alligatoring easily takes place ingot casting, is easy to occur crackle in deformation technique, has reduced the strip yield rate; 3. the discontinuous operation of vacuum drying oven itself makes it can only carry out small-scale production, can not carry out serialization large-scale production, has limited its industrialization prospect.
Therefore, people attempt researching and developing the technology of smelting easy oxidation metal and alloy under the non-vacuum condition, to replace vacuum melting method; And the exploitation of non-vacuum melting technique, the design of antivacuum stove is very crucial.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal of can continuous large-scale producing and the equipment of alloy, makes that the melting burn out rate is low, the deoxidation dehydrogenation is effective, and can online timely measurement and adjust alloying component.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the equipment of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal and alloy, comprise body of heater and bell, body of heater has heater, provide energy for fusion process, body of heater inside is provided with crucible, easy oxidation metal and alloy carry out melting in crucible, it is characterized in that: described bell has an air inlet, an exhaust outlet and a charge door, and is furnished with cooling body; The burner hearth bottom of described body of heater is provided with the submarine gate, the stopper of a vertical direction of body of heater internal configurations, the bottom of stopper links to each other with the submarine gate, and the upper end of stopper is provided with governor motion, governor motion is regulated for the upper-lower position of stopper, and metal bath is dirty in prevention or the restriction fusion process; The below of body of heater directly links to each other with crystallizer or swage, has an air inlet and an exhaust outlet on the interface channel, so that introduce protective gas to the inner space of connecting portion and crystallizer or swage.
Further technical solution of the present invention is: the above-mentioned non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal and the equipment of alloy, and wherein, the material of described crucible, stopper and the submarine gate is zirconia or magnesia, can reduce the metal bath secondary oxidation; The air inlet above the bell and the air inlet of bottom of furnace body, the incidence angle of its air admission hole are 0～45 degree; Also be provided with an observation window above the described bell, be used to observe whole fusion process; The cooling body of described bell is a water-cooled mechanism; And, adopting superhigh temperature healant bonding between the submarine gate of this equipment and the stopper, all the other interfaces adopt the asbestos seal layer to seal.
Like this; the present invention just provides the smelting equipment of a kind of easy oxidation metal and alloy; this equipment is operated under the antivacuum state that protective gas exists; device bottom directly links to each other with crystallizer or swage; adopt the mode ingot casting that waters down, the melting of the burner hearth and the submarine gate and casting atmosphere can be controlled respectively.Because protective gas adopts inert gases such as highly purified nitrogen, argon gas, wherein the dividing potential drop of oxygen and hydrogen is very low, can significantly reduce oxidization burning loss, quickens the diffusion of inner oxygen of melt and hydrogen, melting of playing and casting effect.The present invention can adopt induction heating mode to supply with heat, and all contacts all adopt the asbestos cord sealing, and good heat insulating ability is arranged; Be provided with observation window above the bell, can the complete monitoring fusion process by observation window; Also can in fusion process, inert gas be fed melt and outgas, in time add raw material to device interior, regulate the composition proportion of alloy from charge door according to analysis result; In addition, the ingot ways that waters is very convenient for pulling out slag operation down, makes this equipment be easy to carry out large-scale continuous operation, and its economic benefit is very remarkable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the device structure schematic diagram that non-vacuum melting of the present invention contains easy oxidation mischmetal.
The implication of each Reference numeral sees the following form among the figure:
| Reference numeral | Implication | Reference numeral | Implication | Reference numeral | Implication |
| 1 | Observation window | 2 | Bell | 3 | The top air inlet |
| 4 | Top asbestos seal layer | 5 | The gas outlet, top | 6 | The stopper governor motion |
| 7 | Charge door | 8 | Burner hearth | 9 | Stopper |
| 10 | Heater | 11 | The gas outlet, bottom | 12 | Bottom asbestos seal layer |
| 13 | The submarine gate | 14 | Crystallizer or swage | 15 | The bottom air inlet |
| 16 | Crucible |
The specific embodiment
As Fig. 1, the equipment of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal and alloy comprises body of heater and bell 2, and body of heater has heater 10, provides energy for fusion process, and body of heater inside is provided with crucible 16, and easy oxidation metal and alloy carry out melting in crucible 16.Bell 2 has an air inlet 3, exhaust outlet 5, a charge door 7 and an observation window 1, and is furnished with water-cooled mechanism.The bottom of the inner burner hearth 8 of body of heater is provided with the submarine gate 13, the stopper 9 of a vertical direction of body of heater internal configurations, the bottom of stopper 9 links to each other with the submarine gate 13, the upper end of stopper 9 is provided with governor motion 6, governor motion 6 is regulated for the upper-lower position of stopper 9, and metal bath is dirty in prevention or the restriction fusion process.The below of body of heater directly links to each other with crystallizer or swage 14, has an air inlet 15 and an exhaust outlet 11 on the interface channel, so that introduce protective gas to the inner space of connecting portion and crystallizer or swage.The material of crucible 16, stopper 9 and the submarine gate 13 is zirconia or magnesia; The air inlet 3 above the bell 2 and the air inlet 15 of bottom of furnace body, the incidence angle of its air admission hole are 0～45 degree; Adopt superhigh temperature healant bonding between the submarine gate 13 and the stopper 9, all the other interfaces employing asbestos seal layers 4,12 etc. seal.
When using equipment provided by the invention operation;,, open air valve and feed protective gas as protective gas with inert gases such as highly purified nitrogen, argon gas the melting raw material burner hearth 8 of packing into; be full of burner hearth 8 until protective gas, unnecessary gas is discharged via venthole 5 or charge door 7.Turn down the protective gas valve then, keep the interior protective gas pressure of stove greater than 1.015 * 10
5Pa more than preheating burner hearth to 100 under 0～30KW power ℃, and then increases power with the raw material heat fused, belongs to more than the fusing point 100～350 ℃ in gold metallurgy fusion, adds the stronger alloying element of other oxytropism, deoxidier and crystal grain thinning agent, the insulation certain hour.Melting finishes, and reduces heating power, feeds protective gas in crystallizer or swage 14, and the low temperature valve of fetching boiling water makes cooling water even, begins casting after 10 minutes, and temperature is for being higher than 100～150 ℃ of alloy melting points.
Is example below in conjunction with Fig. 1 with melting and casting Cu-Cr-Zr alloy, and the present invention is described in further detail.These examples only are some exemplary applications, can not be interpreted as the restriction to claim protection domain of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Get raw material cathode copper, copper chromium intermediate alloy and zinc respectively, get the material amount and see Table 1,, it is contained in the middle of crucible 16 from charge door 7 burner hearth 8 of packing into; Also can open bell 2 and directly add raw material.Build charge door 7 and observation window 1, open the protection air valve, feed argon gas from top air admission hole 3, up to air discharge from gas outlet, top 5, protective gas is full of burner hearth 8, light match and can extinguish immediately in gas outlet, top 5 till.Open induction heating apparatus 10 and heat to the induction body of heater, power 10KW, 10 minutes time, adjusting power is 50KW, is heated to fusing, whole heating process can be observed in observation window 1.Add copper-clad zirconium and magnesium from charge door 7, air valve is opened in melting 5 minutes simultaneously, feeds argon gas from bottom air inlet 15, makes it be full of the casting zone as protective gas, and unnecessary argon gas is 11 discharges from the gas outlet, bottom.Then, reduce power, be incubated 10 minutes to 30KW; Turn off power supply, open stopper 6 and cast.In fusion process, stopper 9 is used to stop melt to flow down from the submarine gate 13; In the casting cycle, control melt flow, guarantee rational casting rate, make melt flow into crystallizer or swage 14 from the submarine gate 13 by regulating stopper mechanism 6.
In the said process, it is 0～90% that described copper zirconium intermediate alloy main body becomes Cu content, and Cr content is 0～50%, and Zr content is 0～50%.Crucible 16, stopper 9 and the submarine gate 13 adopt zirconia or magnesia material, and the skin of the upper and lower of body of heater is provided with asbestos seal layer 4 and 12 respectively.The chemical content of raw material and ingot casting sees Table 1, and each loss rate of metal of fusion process is respectively Cu≤1.0%, Cr≤3.5%, Zr≤6.2%.
Table 1
| Raw material | Cathode copper | Cu-25Cr | The zirconium silk | Magnesium |
| Weight/g | 10.1Kg | 150 | 19.3 | 5.5 |
| Ingot casting | Cu | Cr | Zr | Mg |
| Content/W% | Surplus | 0.37 | 0.15 | 0.07 |
| Melting loss rate/% | ＜1.0 | 3.5 | 6.2 | 7.0 |
Embodiment 2
Replace the copper-clad zirconium with the zirconium silk, adopt condition enforcement the present invention identical with embodiment 1.The chemical content of raw material and ingot casting sees Table 2, and each loss rate of metal of fusion process is respectively: Cu≤1.0%, Cr≤3.4% and Zr≤7.2%.
Table 2
| Raw material | Cathode copper | Cu-25Cr | The zirconium silk | Magnesium |
| Weight/g | 10Kg | 145 | 19.3 | 5.1 |
| Ingot casting | Cu | Cr | Zr | Mg |
| Content/W% | Surplus | 0.34 | 0.12 | 0.06 |
| Melting loss rate/% | ＜1.0 | 3.4 | 7.2 | 7.0 |
Embodiment 3
Adopt the condition identical, employing N with embodiment 1
2Be protection gas, melting finishes and stretches into the melt from charge door 7 with gas nozzle in the insulating process, with N
2Feed melt inside and carry out degasification.The chemical content of raw material and ingot casting sees Table 3, and according to metallograph, ingot structure obviously improves as can be seen, pore and be mingled with minimizing, and each loss rate of metal of fusion process is respectively: Cu≤1.1%, Cr≤3.4% and Zr≤7.1%.
Table 3
| Raw material | Cathode copper | Cu-25Cr | The zirconium silk | Magnesium |
| Weight/g | 10Kg | 145 | 19.3 | 5.1 |
| Ingot casting | Cu | Cr | Zr | Mg |
| Content/W% | Surplus | 0.32 | 0.12 | 0.06 |
| Melting loss rate/% | ＜1.0 | 3.4 | 7.1 | 7.0 |
Above embodiment shows; the present invention adopts antivacuum method promptly in protective gas atmosphere easy oxidation metal and alloy to be carried out melting and casting; in the protection gas-bearing formation; the dividing potential drop of oxygen and hydrogen is very little; quickened the diffusion of oxygen and hydrogen in the melt; the density of oxygen and hydrogen is little, floats and in time discharges to the upper furnace gas outlet, and the deoxidation dehydrogenation is effective.And on-line measurement in time of this equipment and adjustment alloying component make the ingot structure refinement, and impurity content is low, the shortcoming that has thoroughly solved vacuum melting cost costliness and be difficult to large-scale production.
Claims (6)
1. the equipment of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal and alloy, comprise body of heater and bell, body of heater has heater, provide energy for fusion process, body of heater inside is provided with crucible, easy oxidation metal and alloy carry out melting in crucible, it is characterized in that: described bell has an air inlet, an exhaust outlet and a charge door, and is furnished with cooling body; The burner hearth bottom of described body of heater is provided with the submarine gate, the stopper of a vertical direction of body of heater internal configurations, the bottom of stopper links to each other with the submarine gate, and the upper end of stopper is provided with governor motion, governor motion is regulated for the upper-lower position of stopper, and metal bath is dirty in prevention or the restriction fusion process; The below of body of heater directly links to each other with crystallizer or swage, has an air inlet and an exhaust outlet on the interface channel, so that introduce protective gas to the inner space of connecting portion and crystallizer or swage.
2. the equipment of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal according to claim 1 and alloy is characterized in that: the material of described crucible, stopper and the submarine gate is zirconia or magnesia.
3. the equipment of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal according to claim 1 and alloy is characterized in that: the air inlet above the bell and the air inlet of bottom of furnace body, the incidence angle of its air admission hole are 0～45 degree.
4. the equipment of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal according to claim 1 and alloy is characterized in that: also be provided with an observation window above the described bell.
5. the equipment of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal according to claim 1 and alloy is characterized in that: the cooling body of described bell is a water-cooled mechanism.
6. according to the equipment of described any one non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal of claim 1～5 and alloy, it is characterized in that: adopt superhigh temperature healant bonding between the submarine gate of this equipment and the stopper, all the other interfaces adopt the asbestos seal layer to seal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610085209 CN1869564A (en) | 2006-06-02 | 2006-06-02 | Equipment of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal and alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610085209 CN1869564A (en) | 2006-06-02 | 2006-06-02 | Equipment of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal and alloy |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1869564A true CN1869564A (en) | 2006-11-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610085209 Pending CN1869564A (en) | 2006-06-02 | 2006-06-02 | Equipment of non-vacuum smelting easy oxidation metal and alloy |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108202133A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-26 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | A kind of single-roller method prepares the device of amorphous magnesium alloy |
| CN112010534A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-01 | 中国振华集团云科电子有限公司 | Batch-production high-temperature glass powder smelting device and smelting method thereof |
-
2006
- 2006-06-02 CN CN 200610085209 patent/CN1869564A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108202133A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-26 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | A kind of single-roller method prepares the device of amorphous magnesium alloy |
| CN112010534A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-01 | 中国振华集团云科电子有限公司 | Batch-production high-temperature glass powder smelting device and smelting method thereof |
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