A kind of method of flotation desulfur desilicon in bauxite
Technical field
A kind of method of flotation desulfur desilicon in bauxite relates to a kind of method for floating of bauxite, particularly relates to a kind of desulfurization of low-grade bauxite of sulfur-bearing and the method for desiliconization.
Technical background
Bauxite is the primary raw material of aluminium industry, also is the important source material of producing refractory material, senior abrasive material, alumina cement, pottery, chemical industry, medicine.When the bauxite sulfur-bearing, the height of sulfur content no matter all has considerable influence to the technology stability of alumina producing Bayer process.Sulfide mineral in the bauxite mainly is pyrite, isomers marcasite and melnikovite, and pyrite wherein begins and alkaline reaction when 180 spend, and is decomposed by alkali lye and marcasite and melnikovite are easier, generates S
2-, SO
3 2-, SO
4 2-, S
2 2-, S
2SO
3 2-, not only cause the loss of NaOH, and S
2-, SO
4 2-Play a part dispersant, make iron enter solution, influence the settling property of red mud, the overflow muddiness with colloidal form; Simultaneously, the S in the solution
2-Make steel be subjected to obvious corrosion, make equipment easily in damage.If adopt sintering process to produce aluminium oxide, the one, energy consumption height, cost are big; The 2nd, environment and equipment generation are had a strong impact on.Therefore, high-sulfur bauxite could economic employing producing aluminium oxide by bayer after must reaching qualified requirement through desulfurization.
At present, in the desulfur desilicon technology of sulfur-bearing bauxite, adopt one section fine grinding technology (mog is-0.074mm about 90%), under the situation of pH value 9-10, adopt the alkyl dithiocarbonate collecting agent reverse flotation desulfurizing of high consumption (3333 gram/ton raw ore), adopt lauryl sodium sulfate to carry out flotation desilication as the supplementary catching agent of soap then, the rate of recovery of aluminium oxide is greater than 80%.As can be seen, the floating agent large usage quantity of using in this technology, the alumina recovery rate is low.Therefore, development of new floating agent and novel process such bauxite is carried out floatation desulphurization and desiliconization significant.
Summary of the invention
The ore pulp dispersive property is poor after the fine grinding that the objective of the invention is to exist at above-mentioned technology, specific area big, consume that the floating agent consumption is big, the shortcoming a little less than the collecting agent performance, a kind of consumption that can effectively reduce floating agent is provided, guarantees flotation concentrate quality, the sulfur-bearing that improves the floatation process index, the method that low alumina-silicon ratio alumyte carries out efficient flotation desulfur desilicon.
A kind of method of flotation desulfur desilicon in bauxite is characterized in that it adopts reverse flotation desulfurizing technology and direct-flotation desiliconisation technology successively, carries out reverse flotation desulfurizing for the middle-low bauxite of sulfur-bearing behind primary grinding, and the stage is carried out direct-flotation desiliconisation after regrinding.
The method of a kind of ore concentration of bauxite desulfur desilicon of the present invention, it is characterized in that its reverse flotation desulfurizing process be the primary grinding fineness for-when 0.074mm accounts for 60%-85%, be collecting agent with ethyl xanthogenate or diethyldithiocarbamate, its consumption is that measure in 100-500 gram/ton ore deposit; Copper sulphate is for adjusting agent, and its consumption is a 50-500 gram/ton ore deposit amount; 2# oil is foaming agent, and consumption is a 20-150 gram/ton ore deposit amount, and reverse flotation desulfurizing is carried out in ore pulp and floating agent effect, obtains bauxite chats in sulfide ore tailings and the groove.
The method of a kind of ore concentration of bauxite desulfur desilicon of the present invention, it is characterized in that its direct-flotation desiliconisation process is that bauxite chats in the groove after the desulfurization is carried out second section ore grinding, when mog-0.074mm is 75%-92%, with the aphthenic acids of saponification and aliphatic acid according to 1: the composite back of the ratio of 5-200 is as collecting agent, and its consumption is that measure in 700-1600 gram/ton ore deposit; Adjust the pH value with sodium carbonate, consumption is a 2000-5000 gram/ton ore deposit amount; With the calgon is to adjust agent, and consumption is a 50-200 gram/ton ore deposit amount, and ore pulp is through carrying out direct-flotation desiliconisation with the effect of bauxite direct-flotation desiliconisation medicament, output foam bauxite concentrate.
The method of a kind of ore concentration of bauxite desulfur desilicon of the present invention is characterized in that its reverse flotation desulfurizing process is roughly selecting, scanning with selected once or twice.
The method of a kind of ore concentration of bauxite desulfur desilicon of the present invention is characterized in that its direct-flotation desiliconisation process is for once or the roughly selecting, scan with selected of secondary.
Method of the present invention comprises and adopts primary grinding technology to carry out carrying out behind reverse flotation desulfurizing, the stage grinding technology of flotation desilication, comprises the floating agent that uses in this technology simultaneously.
The floating agent that relates in the inventive method is to filter out suitable effective collecting agent ethyl xanthogenate that sulfur-bearing bauxite is carried out desulfurization, and cooperates adjustment agent copper sulphate; Exploitation with the aliphatic acid of saponification and the aphthenic acids highly efficiency compositional collecting agent that the bauxite direct-flotation desiliconisation after composite is used according to certain ratio.
The technology of the present invention design be to propose corase grind desulfurization and fine grinding desiliconization, distinguish the technological process of flotation according to the ore characteristics.At first, after one section corase grind, add the reverse flotation desulfurizing medicament bauxite is carried out the desulfurization flotation, after passing through the stage fine grinding then, adopt direct-flotation desiliconisation technology and medicament to carry out the stage desiliconization, improve the quality of bauxite, make its requirement of satisfying producing aluminium oxide by bayer technology, expansion can utilize bauxite resource; On the other hand,, further reduce the floating agent consumption, improve production technology and economic indicator by the exploitation high-efficient collecting agent.
Sulphide ore is because disseminated grain size is thick, and suitable the employing roughly ground floatation desulphurization technology.The present invention adopts the corase grind sulfur removal technology to reduce power consume, greatly reduces the consumption of sulfide mineral collector and reduces the interference effect of floating agent to next step flotation desilication, by filtering out high-efficient collecting agent, reaches the purpose of high-efficiency desulfurization.The silicate gangue mineral disseminated grain size is thin, thereby needs ore is carried out fine grinding, makes it that monomer cleavage take place, and adopts efficient floating agent to carry out flotation desilication then.After adopting the high-efficient collecting agent that the direct flotation of exploitation uses, strengthened the diaspore mineral collecting and with the FLOTATION SEPARATION of silicate gangue mineral.
The present invention adopts stage grinding technology, makes the sulphide ore diffeential floatation of coarse grain embedding cloth separate, and desiliconization is carried out in fine grinding then, and is advanced on the technology, stable; Under the effect of the bauxite desilication floating agent of efficient sulfide flotation medicament and advanced technology, reach good production technology and economic indicator, to containing S0.5-5%, Al
2O
355%~72%, SiO
2The diaspore type bauxite raw ore of 2~19% sulfur-bearing, low alumina silica ratio has the effect of stage desulfurization preferably and desiliconization.The bauxite concentrate of output alumina silica ratio 7~15, this concentrate can be directly used in alumina producing Bayer process, remarkable in economical benefits.
Be applicable to floatation desulphurization, the desiliconization of the low-grade bauxite of sulfur-bearing,, can only adopt a segment process of front to carry out desulfurization for the bauxitic ore of high aluminium silicon ratio; For low-grade sulfur-bearing bauxite, after one section sulfur removal technology finishes, carry out two-stage desilication technology, application prospect is extensive.
The specific embodiment
A kind of method of flotation desulfur desilicon in bauxite, it adopts reverse flotation desulfurizing technology and direct-flotation desiliconisation technology successively, carries out reverse flotation desulfurizing for the middle-low bauxite of sulfur-bearing behind primary grinding, and the stage is carried out direct-flotation desiliconisation after regrinding.Its reverse flotation desulfurizing process be the primary grinding fineness for-when 0.074mm accounts for 60%-85%, be collecting agent with ethyl xanthogenate or diethyldithiocarbamate, its consumption is that measure in 100-500 gram/ton ore deposit; Copper sulphate is for adjusting agent, and its consumption is a 50-500 gram/ton ore deposit amount; 2# oil is foaming agent, and consumption is a 20-150 gram/ton ore deposit amount, and reverse flotation desulfurizing is carried out in ore pulp and floating agent effect, obtains bauxite chats in sulfide ore tailings and the groove.Its direct-flotation desiliconisation process is that bauxite chats in the groove after the desulfurization is carried out second section ore grinding, when mog-0.074mm is 75%-92%, with the aphthenic acids of saponification and aliphatic acid according to 1: the composite back of the ratio of 5-200 is as collecting agent, and its consumption is that measure in 700-1600 gram/ton ore deposit; Adjust the pH value with sodium carbonate, consumption is a 2000-5000 gram/ton ore deposit amount; With the calgon is to adjust agent, and consumption is a 50-200 gram/ton ore deposit amount, and ore pulp is through carrying out direct-flotation desiliconisation with the effect of bauxite direct-flotation desiliconisation medicament, output foam bauxite concentrate.
Be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
For Chuan Dong gulf, Nanchuan city-grey river one band bauxite, tcrude ore Al
2O
359.74%, SiO
211.39%, alumina silica ratio is 5.24, sulfur-bearing 1.73%, and the concrete technology of its floatation desulphurization and desiliconization is as follows:
A) one section sulfur removal technology: adopt ball mill that bauxite is carried out ore grinding, the sodium carbonate that in ball mill, adds 4200 gram/ton raw ores, the ore milling product fineness accounts for 75% for-0.074mm, overflow concentration in classifier 38%, ore pulp behind the ore grinding adds copper sulphate for activation agent 140 gram/tons in agitator, collecting agent 240 gram/tons, 2# oil gas infusion 80 gram/tons, fully behind the stirring action, feed flotation device and carry out reverse flotation desulfurizing, the pulp density of flotation operation is 14~37%, mash acid alkalinity keeps about pH8.1, adopt one roughing, the closed circuit flow process that primary cleaning, chats are returned in proper order, output flotation froth sulphur concentrate.
B) stage desilication process: the desulfurization concentrate is carried out secondary grinding, mog is 86%, adjust slurry pH to 9.5, add aphthenic acids and oleic acid in the composite collecting agent of 1: 15 ratio, consumption is 1160 gram/tons, and calgon is adjusted agent 60 gram/tons, roughly select with selected concentration be 18%-32%, scanning concentration is 7%-15%, through one thick two single-mindedly sweeping, after chats returns in proper order the closed circuit flotation flowsheet, obtaining qualified bauxite concentrate and a spot of bauxite gangue product.
The mineral processing index that they obtain when adopting ethyl xanthogenate and diethyldithiocarbamate respectively sees Table 1.
Mineral processing index when table 1 adopts ethyl xanthogenate and diethyldithiocarbamate to make collecting agent respectively
Collecting agent | Name of product | Al
2O
3%
| SiO
2%
| A/S | S% | Productive rate % | Rate of recovery % |
Ethyl xanthogenate | Raw ore | 59.74 | 11.39 | 5.24 | 1.73 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
The sulphur concentrate | 24.15 | 5.94 | 4.07 | 29.94 | 5.13 | 2.07 |
The aluminium concentrate | 66.91 | 6.45 | 10.37 | 0.18 | 76.26 | 85.41 |
The aluminium mine tailing | 40.16 | 33.13 | 1.21 | 0.31 | 18.61 | 12.51 |
Diethyldithiocarbamate | Raw ore | 59.74 | 11.39 | 5.24 | 1.73 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
The sulphur concentrate | 25.36 | 5.94 | 4.27 | 28.16 | 5.13 | 2.18 |
The aluminium concentrate | 66.86 | 6.74 | 9.92 | 0.29 | 74.58 | 83.47 |
The aluminium mine tailing | 42.25 | 29.85 | 1.42 | 0.35 | 20.29 | 14.35 |
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-sulfur, high aluminium silicon ratio bauxite for the Nanchuan city only adopt one section sulfur removal technology, and sulfur removal technology is as follows:
Adopt ball mill that bauxite is carried out ore grinding, the sodium carbonate that in ball mill, adds 4200 gram/ton raw ores, the ore milling product fineness accounts for 72% for-0.074mm, overflow concentration in classifier 39.25%, ore pulp behind the ore grinding adds copper sulphate for activation agent 120 gram/tons in agitator, ethyl xanthogenate collecting agent 260 gram/tons, 2# oil gas infusion 80 gram/tons fully behind the stirring action, feed flotation device and carry out reverse flotation desulfurizing, the pulp density of flotation operation is 14~37%, mash acid alkalinity keeps adopting one roughing about pH8.1, recleaning, the closed circuit flow process that once purging selection, chats return in proper order, bauxite concentrate in output flotation froth sulphur concentrate and the groove, mineral processing index sees Table 2.
Mineral processing index when table 2 adopts ethyl xanthogenate to make collecting agent respectively
Name of product | Productive rate % | Al
2O
3%
| SiO
2%
| A/S | S% | Al
2O
3Rate of recovery %
| S rate of recovery % |
The aluminium concentrate | 90.70 | 71.21 | 7.3 | 9.75 | 0.36 | 97.68 | 8.82 |
The sulphur concentrate | 9.30 | 16.52 | 2.32 | 8.5 | 36.4 | 2.32 | 91.18 |
Raw ore | 100.00 | 66.12 | 6.84 | 9.67 | 3.7 | 100.00 | 100.00 |