CN1864818A - A plate type biofiltration tower and waste gas treatment process thereof - Google Patents
A plate type biofiltration tower and waste gas treatment process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1864818A CN1864818A CNA2006100503472A CN200610050347A CN1864818A CN 1864818 A CN1864818 A CN 1864818A CN A2006100503472 A CNA2006100503472 A CN A2006100503472A CN 200610050347 A CN200610050347 A CN 200610050347A CN 1864818 A CN1864818 A CN 1864818A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a plate-type biological filtration tower and the process of treating waste gas. The tower plate is produced according to ratio between layer thickness and tower diameter being 0.2-0.5 and the whole biological filtration tower composes a plurality of tower plates. The nutriment liquid is directly sprayed to every tower plate and counter-current contacts with waste gas from tower bottom to remove pollutant in waste gas; the pollutant is oxided to carbon dioxide, water and other simple compound. The top tower plate is used as dehydrater for gas current to spray cleaning liquid interstitially (usually 1% diluted alkaline liquor). The invention is characterized in that: the contact between gas and liquid is even and thorough, the spray strength can be controlled according to pollutant load, the supporting intensity of filler layer is small, and dewatering system is installed inside.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of board-like biofiltration tower, and use it to carry out the process of exhaust-gas treatment.
(2) background technology
Waste gas biological oxidation treatment technology is because of having advantages such as the incomparable expense of conventional method (as absorption, absorption, burning etc.) is cheap, environmentally friendly, becoming a new and high technology of promoting rapidly in exhaust emission control field, especially at low concentration, administer than the organic exhaust gas of atm number and foul gas.Up to now, waste gas biological treatment object has been extended to the control of gaseous contaminants such as aromatic hydrocarbon, halogenated hydrocarbons even mineral-type from initial stink, simple organic compound.
According to the microorganism existence form, the waste gas biologic treating technique can be divided into floating type and attached type two classes, and attached type takes the lead in because of system pressure drop is little being applied in the waste gas purification field, as biofiltration, and bio-trickling, rotating-drum biofilter etc.These technology all have characteristics separately, but the problem that has a generality is filler bed thickness (about the common 2m of individual layer height), pollutional load on the packing layer, nutriment, moisture and biomass etc. distribute uneven, it is serious that filling batch stops up the channeling that causes, this has directly influenced the treatment effeciency of system.Numerous practice and studies show that, the reason 75% that the operation of attaching biological filtration system is bad since air-flow, biomass, nutrient skewness cause.
Publishing literature retrieval in nearly 10 years both at home and abroad shows, nutrient (comprising moisture) control is uneven, cause local biomass excessive be the main cause that filling batch stops up, the appearance of channeling has then caused the gas-liquid contact uneven, has further worsened the entire system effect.Therefore, the even control of packing layer nutrient is a key.The experimental results shows, attaching biological filtration system nutrient and biomass are uneven distribution along bed stuffing height (axially), when research biofiltration toluene waste gas, find, packing layer reduces wet the branch with the system operation time passing gradually, the wet reduction zone of dividing expands to whole packing layer gradually from airflow inlet, and unit height packing layer pollutional load is widely different.In addition, application in practice finds that biological dripping and filtering system exit flow water phenomenon serious (be evenly distributed for making nutrient, require the nutrient atomizing spray), pipeline dehydrator often stop up (the biological obstruction), and cleaning strength is big.
Number of patent application 200420037051.3, patent name automatic control catalytic converter provide a kind of waste gas purification apparatus of multilayer packing layer, and this device reaches the purpose of removing acid contaminant in the waste gas by spray alkali lye.Because the particularity of biological treatment, device be provided with need to consider that biomembrane adheres to, multiple factors such as physical parameter such as microorganism nutrient supply and exhaust gas constituents, temperature, concentration, humidity, the structure of multilayer packing layer also is not applied in the biological oxidation treatment facility at present as yet.
(3) summary of the invention
Deficiencies such as the distributions such as pollutional load, nutriment, moisture and biomass that have now on biological oxidation treatment facility filler bed thickness, the packing layer are uneven in order to solve, the easy obstruction of pipeline dehydrator the invention provides a kind of gas-liquid full contact is even, the packing layer support strength is little, integrate dewatering system plank frame waste gas biofiltration tower and waste gas treatment process thereof.
For reaching goal of the invention the technical solution used in the present invention be:
A kind of board-like biofiltration tower mainly comprises tower body, is positioned at air inlet, the gas outlet that is positioned at cat head, the biofilm carrier packing layer that places tower and the nutrient circulatory system of tower body bottom.Described biofilm carrier packing layer is set to multilayer, and bed thickness is 0.2～0.5 with the tower diameter ratio, and described tower diameter is meant the interior diameter of tower body; Top layer biofilm carrier packing layer is a dehydrator, and top is provided with the cleaning fluid shower; Other biofilm carrier packing layer top except that top layer is provided with the nutrient shower, the bottom is provided with the nutrient collecting pipe; Described nutrient shower is provided with the flow-control meter; Described nutrient shower links to each other with the nutrient circulating slot that is positioned at the tower body bottom respectively with the nutrient collecting pipe, constitutes the nutrient circulatory system by circulating pump.
Like this, every layer of biofilm carrier packing layer is one " column plate ", whole biofiltration tower is made up of some " column plates ", constitute a plank frame waste gas biological filter system, nutrient liquid directly sprays on every " column plate ", be reverse with the waste gas that at the bottom of tower, enters and contact, remove the polluter in the waste gas, make the oxidized CO of resolving into of pollutant
2, H
2O and other simple compounds.Top layer " column plate " does not spray nutrient, and transforms spray Cleaning for High Capacity liquid into as pneumatic dewatering device (plate), looks dehydration " column plate " pressure drop situation, and intermittence is cleaned biofilm carrier filler " column plate ".Described nutrient is meant the material of keeping the growth of microorganism activity, forms with the biological species of decomposing pollutant is different to change; Cleaning fluid refers to clean the solution attached to solid packing surface biological film, is generally the dilute alkaline soln of mass percentage concentration 1%, as sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution etc.; The biofilm carrier filler is the carrier that confession under directions microorganism layer adheres to.Common, described biofilm carrier packing layer is 3～6 layers.Preferably, described biofilm carrier packing layer is 4 layers, and bed thickness is 0.2～0.5 with the tower diameter ratio.
Described biofilm carrier filler is one of following: 1. natural compost class, 2. natural wood fragments piece class, 3. plastics class filler, 4. ceramic-like filler.
A kind of waste gas biological treatment that uses described board-like biofiltration tower, be attached with the microorganism dominant bacteria on the biofilm carrier packing layer, described technology is: at gas empty bed speed 0.05～0.2m/s, the empty bed time of staying 10～30s, 25～35 ℃ of packing layer temperature, under liquid phase PH valve 3.0～7.5 conditions, waste gas is fed board-like biofiltration tower by air inlet, the waste gas after the processing is discharged through the gas outlet.
Concrete, when the waste gas of handling for containing toluene 0.1～1.0g/m
3Gas pollutant the time, the microorganism dominant bacteria is false first born of the same parents' Bacillus, at gas empty bed speed 0.05m/s, empty bed time of staying 20s, 25～30 ℃ of packing layer temperature are under liquid phase PH valve 6.5～7.5 conditions, waste gas is fed board-like biofiltration tower by air inlet, and the waste gas after the processing is discharged through the gas outlet.
When described waste gas for containing H
2S0.1～0.5g/m
3Gas pollutant the time, the microorganism dominant bacteria is that thiobacillus thiooxidant belongs to, at gas empty bed speed 0.05m/s, empty bed time of staying 20s, 25～30 ℃ of packing layer temperature are under the condition of liquid phase PH valve 3.0～4.0, waste gas is fed board-like biofiltration tower by air inlet, and the waste gas after the processing is discharged through the gas outlet.
The beneficial effect of plank frame waste gas biological tower of the present invention and technology thereof is mainly reflected in: (1) packing layer is " plank frame ", and each " column plate " nutrient intensity can improve the unit filler and handle load according to handling load control separately; (2) improve the packing layer blockage problem, avoided channeling, the gas-liquid contact evenly, fully; (3) the individual layer depth of packing descends, and filler bracing frame requirement of strength reduces; (5) top layer filler " column plate " is made dehydrator, has realized that the biological filter system dehydrator is built-in, need not to establish in addition the pipeline dehydrator; (6) because of adopting " column plate type " structure, filler is changed more convenient.
(4) Figure of description
Fig. 1 is a biofiltration tower structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the biofiltration tower structural representation of different packing layers; A is one deck packing layer, and b is two-layer packing layer, and c is 4 layers of packing layer.
(5) specific embodiment
Emphasis of the present invention is a kind of waste gas biofiltration tower of plank frame, and different waste gas are had versatility, can all be suitable for by the exhaust emission that microorganism is decomposed; Also general to different fillers, but foregoing every dumped packing that is used to carry out a biological disposal upon all is suitable for.So embodiment has the pollutant of the meaning represented to test with two classes, this two classes material is respectively H
2S (representing the sewage plant foul smell), toluene (representing VOCs); The result has comparativity for different tests, and filler is all selected the plastics berrette file for use.
Described board-like biofiltration tower structure is referring to Fig. 1, mainly comprise tower body, be positioned at the air inlet 1 of tower body bottom, be positioned at the gas outlet 2 of cat head, place the biofilm carrier packing layer 3 in the tower, and the nutrient circulatory system, described biofilm carrier packing layer is set to multilayer, bed thickness is 0.2～0.5 with the tower diameter ratio, top layer biofilm carrier packing layer top is provided with cleaning fluid shower 4, other biofilm carrier packing layer top except that top layer is provided with nutrient shower 5, the bottom is provided with nutrient collecting pipe 6, described nutrient shower is provided with flow-control meter 7, described nutrient shower links to each other with the nutrient circulating slot 8 that is positioned at the tower body bottom respectively with the nutrient collecting pipe, constitutes the nutrient circulatory system by circulating pump 9.
When system starts, need earlier filler to be carried out biofilm, obtain biologic packing material.Cut-and-dried bacterium suspension (mass concentration about 10%) is vaporific by nutrient liquid spray system and is sprayed on each packing layer, contacts with waste gas is reverse, and pollutant is as the microbe carbon source or the energy in the waste gas.Starting period, exhaust emission load (by concentration and tolerance control) raises from hanging down gradually (concrete numerical value is decided on pollutant kind), 25～30 ℃ of packing layer temperature, and the liquid phase PH valve scope is decided on microbe species.For natural class filler, bacteria suspension adopts intermittence spray (3 days one-periods, each time is with permeable being as the criterion in packing layer bottom), keeps packing layer humidity more than 55%; For hand-stuff (plastics class and ceramic-like), because of the filler hole is bigger, spray is continuously adopted in suggestion.When pollutants removal rate maintains 85% when above, display system is in stable.
The present invention is described further to engage specific embodiment below, clear for ease of describing, and points out to test the concrete thickness of packing layer, should be more suitable than determining with bed thickness and tower diameter on the actual engineering:
Embodiment 1:
Embodiment of the present invention and operation principle are: contain toluene 0.75～1.00g/m
3The board-like biofiltration treatment process of waste gas, gas empty bed speed 0.05m/s, empty bed time of staying 20s, 25～30 ℃ of packing layer temperature, liquid phase PH valve scope 6.5～7.5 (the microorganism dominant bacteria is false first born of the same parents' Bacillus, and the biofilm carrier filler is the plastics berrette file).The tower body internal diameter is 800mm, and the biofilm carrier filler is placed by one deck (thickness 1.0m), two-layer (each 500mm of thickness), four layers (each 250mm of thickness) three kinds of modes, and nutrient contacts with toluene waste gas is reverse, and the control of nutrient spraying intensity is the same, i.e. 20L/m
2.h, as shown in Figure 2.Exhaust-gas treatment the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 toluene waste gas result
| (875) | (112) | (87.2) | (137) | ||
| 2 layers of filler are placed | 750～1000 (875) | 34～86 (70) | 88.5～95.5 (92.0) | 12 | 120～165 (145) |
| 4 layers of filler are placed | 750～1000 (875) | 18～36 (31.5) | 95.2～97.6 (96.4) | 12 | 128～174 (152) |
Table 1 is the result show, under the same operating condition, gasket packing layer structure helps the removal of exhaust emission, four layers of the highest (average 152g/m of " column plate " biofiltration tower unit filler pollutional load
3.h).In addition, under the nutrient spraying intensity same case, " plank frame " biofiltration tower overall presure drop and monomer filling-material structure are basic identical.
Embodiment 2:
Embodiment of the present invention and operation principle are: contain H
2S 0.175～0.228g/m
3The board-like biofiltration treatment process of waste gas, gas empty bed speed 0.05m/s, empty bed time of staying 20s, 25～30 ℃ of packing layer temperature, liquid phase PH valve scope 3.0～4.0 (the microorganism dominant bacteria is that thiobacillus thiooxidant belongs to, and the biofilm carrier filler is the plastics berrette file).The tower body internal diameter is 800mm, and the biofilm carrier filler is still placed nutrient and H by one deck (thickness 1.0m), two-layer (each 500mm of thickness), four layers (each 250mm of thickness) three kinds of modes
2The reverse contact of S waste gas, the control of nutrient spraying intensity is the same, i.e. 20L/m
2.h, as shown in Figure 2.Exhaust-gas treatment the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2H
2S exhaust-gas treatment result
Table 2 is the result show, under the same operating condition, gasket packing layer structure helps H equally
2The purification of S waste gas, four layers of still the highest (average 35.2g/m of " column plate " biofiltration tower unit filler pollutional load
3.h), the still identical (11mmH of overall presure drop
2O).
Embodiment 3:
Embodiment of the present invention and operation principle are: operating condition is with embodiment 1, and the tower body internal diameter is 800mm, totally four layers of biofilm carrier filler column plates, every layer thickness 250mm, the nutrient spray is controlled by three kinds of patterns: one, four layer of spraying intensity of pattern is the same, is 20L/m
2.h; Pattern two, the top layer column plate does not spray, and its excess-three layer spraying intensity is the same, i.e. 20L/m
2.h; Pattern three, the top layer column plate does not spray, and its excess-three layer is from the bottom inlet end, and spraying intensity successively decreases by 30% successively, i.e. bottom 20L/m
2.h, two layers of 14L/m
2.h, three layers of 9.8L/m
2.h.Exhaust-gas treatment the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 toluene waste gas result
Table 3 is the result show, the waste gas biofiltration tower of plank frame helps the removal of exhaust emission, every " column plate " nutrient spraying intensity can rationally be adjusted, substantially can not constitute influence to pollutant removal, and always spray flux can effectively be cut down, and the tower overall presure drop also can be effectively controlled, and this has verified that once more the effect of nutrient mainly is to keep biologically active, nutrient too much causes biological a large amount of breeding, causes that packing pressure drop rises.
Embodiment 4:
Embodiment of the present invention and operation principle are: contain toluene 1.8～2.0g/m
3The board-like biofiltration treatment process of waste gas, gas empty bed speed 0.05m/s, 25～30 ℃ of packing layer temperature, liquid phase PH valve scope 6.5～7.5 (the microorganism dominant bacteria is false first born of the same parents' Bacillus, and the biofilm carrier filler is the plastics berrette file).The tower body internal diameter is 800mm, biofilm carrier filler column plate quantity is respectively four layers (every layer thickness 250mm), five layers (every layer thickness 250mm), six layers (every layer thickness 250mm), the corresponding empty bed time of staying is 20s, 25s, 30s, nutrient is pressed the third pattern spray control of embodiment, be that the top layer column plate does not spray, its excess-three～five are layer from the bottom inlet end, and spraying intensity successively decreases by 20% successively, i.e. bottom 20L/m
2.h, two layers of 16L/m
2.h, three layers of 12.8L/m
2.h, four layers of 10.2L/m
2.h, five layers of 8.2L/m
2.h.Exhaust-gas treatment the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 toluene waste gas result
Table 4 is the result show, (exhaust gas concentration is greater than 1500mg/m for higher concentration waste gas
3), can improve removal effect by the mode that increases column plate.In the present embodiment, when the filler column plate increases to six layers, remove efficient and reach 98.5%, the outlet toluene concentration maintains 27.7～30.7mg/m
3Between, satisfy GB16297-96 " discharge standard of air pollutants " requirement, promptly toluene in a organized way concentration of emission less than 40mg/m
3, and total spraying intensity only is 67.2L/m
2.h.Certainly, along with the number of plates increases, the also corresponding rising of tower overall presure drop.
Annotate: the vapor phase toluene that the present invention relates to, H
2The correlation method of stipulating in " air and waste gas method for monitoring and analyzing " that the S concentration monitoring method adopts State Environmental Protection Administration to write.
In sum, plank frame waste gas biofiltration tower of the present invention is conducive to the removal of exhaust emission, packing layer is " plank frame ", each " column plate " nutrient spraying intensity can be processed flexibly control of load according to polluting, greatly reduced the nutrient spraying intensity, reduce the overall pressure drop of tower, realized the modularized design of biofiltration layer system. Compared with prior art, plank frame waste gas biofiltration tower gas-liquid contact of the present invention is abundant, even, and the packing layer support strength is little, built-in dewatering system, and market application foreground is wide.
Claims (8)
1. board-like biofiltration tower, mainly comprise tower body, be positioned at air inlet, the gas outlet that is positioned at cat head, the biofilm carrier packing layer that places tower and the nutrient circulatory system of tower body bottom, it is characterized in that: described biofilm carrier packing layer is set to multilayer, and bed thickness is 0.2～0.5 with the tower diameter ratio; Top layer biofilm carrier packing layer is a dehydrator, and top is provided with the cleaning fluid shower; Other biofilm carrier packing layer top except that top layer is provided with the nutrient shower, the bottom is provided with the nutrient collecting pipe; Described nutrient shower is provided with the flow-control meter; Described nutrient shower links to each other with the nutrient circulating slot that is positioned at the tower body bottom respectively with the nutrient collecting pipe, constitutes the nutrient circulatory system by circulating pump.
2. board-like biofiltration tower as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described biofilm carrier packing layer is 3～6 layers.
3. board-like biofiltration tower as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described biofilm carrier packing layer is 4 layers, and bed thickness is 0.2～0.5 with the tower diameter ratio.
4. board-like biofiltration tower as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described biofilm carrier filler is one of following: 1. natural compost class, 2. natural wood fragments piece class, 3. plastic filler, 4. ceramic packing.
5. board-like biofiltration tower as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described cleaning fluid is the dilute alkaline soln of mass percentage concentration 1%.
One kind the utilization board-like biofiltration tower as claimed in claim 1 the waste gas biological treatment, be attached with the microorganism dominant bacteria on the biofilm carrier packing layer, it is characterized in that described technology is: at gas empty bed speed 0.05～0.2m/s, the empty bed time of staying 10～30s, 25～35 ℃ of packing layer temperature, under liquid phase PH valve 3.0～7.5 conditions, waste gas is fed board-like biofiltration tower by air inlet, the waste gas after the processing is discharged through the gas outlet.
7. waste gas biological treatment as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that described waste gas is for containing toluene 0.1～1.0g/m
3Gas pollutant, the microorganism dominant bacteria is false first born of the same parents' Bacillus, at gas empty bed speed 0.05m/s, empty bed time of staying 20s, 25～30 ℃ of packing layer temperature are under liquid phase PH valve 6.5～7.5 conditions, waste gas is fed board-like biofiltration tower by air inlet, and the waste gas after the processing is discharged through the gas outlet.
8. waste gas biological treatment as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that described waste gas is for containing H
2S0.1～0.5g/m
3Gas pollutant, the microorganism dominant bacteria is that thiobacillus thiooxidant belongs to, at gas empty bed speed 0.05m/s, empty bed time of staying 20s, 25～30 ℃ of packing layer temperature are under the condition of liquid phase PH valve 3.0～4.0, waste gas is fed board-like biofiltration tower by air inlet, and the waste gas after the processing is discharged through the gas outlet.
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| CN100444935C (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2008-12-24 | 杭州能源环境工程有限公司 | Sewage biological desulphurizing device |
| CN102188899A (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2011-09-21 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Deodorizing device and deodorizing method of bio-trickling filtration tower |
| CN102284245A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-12-21 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for treating waste gas by biotrickling filter, and special device thereof |
| CN102019140B (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2013-03-20 | 广东省南方环保生物科技有限公司 | Composite filler for biologically filtering industrial waste gas |
| CN109126384A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-04 | 德清富源涂装设备有限公司 | Coating organic waste gas treatment device |
| CN111228981A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-05 | 贵州遵辉环保科技有限公司 | Microbial decarbonation device and method for flue gas |
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| NL9400273A (en) * | 1994-02-23 | 1995-10-02 | Bergschenhoek B V | Method for the biological purification of gas flows. |
| JP2000508233A (en) * | 1996-04-11 | 2000-07-04 | ジー． アルクヴィスト，ステイン | Method and apparatus for so-called biofilters and apparatus for humidifying it |
| KR100408158B1 (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2003-12-01 | 바이오세인트(주) | Biofilter Equipped with of a Stirrer and Injector of Solid Feed and Method for Removing Odor and Volatile Organic Compounds from Waste Gases Using the Same |
| DE60129046T2 (en) * | 2001-05-03 | 2008-02-28 | Bord Na Mona | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BIOFILTRATION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS |
| CN1329314C (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2007-08-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multipurpose bio-trickling filter deordorization device |
| CN2695090Y (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2005-04-27 | 国中爱华（天津）市政环境工程有限公司 | Biological drip filtering tower waste gas puritying and deodour equipment |
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| CN100444935C (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2008-12-24 | 杭州能源环境工程有限公司 | Sewage biological desulphurizing device |
| CN102019140B (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2013-03-20 | 广东省南方环保生物科技有限公司 | Composite filler for biologically filtering industrial waste gas |
| CN102188899A (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2011-09-21 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Deodorizing device and deodorizing method of bio-trickling filtration tower |
| CN102188899B (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2013-02-20 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Deodorizing device and deodorizing method of bio-trickling filtration tower |
| CN102284245A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-12-21 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for treating waste gas by biotrickling filter, and special device thereof |
| CN109126384A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-04 | 德清富源涂装设备有限公司 | Coating organic waste gas treatment device |
| CN111228981A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-05 | 贵州遵辉环保科技有限公司 | Microbial decarbonation device and method for flue gas |
| CN112870947A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-01 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Composite device for removing compost volatile sulfides |
| CN112870947B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-04-12 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Composite device for removing compost volatile sulfides |
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