CN1864088A - Fast scanner with rotatable mirror and image processing system - Google Patents
Fast scanner with rotatable mirror and image processing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1864088A CN1864088A CN 200480029361 CN200480029361A CN1864088A CN 1864088 A CN1864088 A CN 1864088A CN 200480029361 CN200480029361 CN 200480029361 CN 200480029361 A CN200480029361 A CN 200480029361A CN 1864088 A CN1864088 A CN 1864088A
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Abstract
A scanner for obtaining an image of an object placed on an at least partially transparent platform, wherein the platform has at least a first scan area and a second scan area. The scanner includes a white area formed at least partially around the edge portions of the platform with a plurality of markers, one rotatable mirror, one or more image sensors. In scanning, each partial image from each of the scan areas includes an image of at least one portion of the plurality of markers. An image processing system uses the image of the at least one portion of the plurality of markers in each of the consecutive partial images as a reference to combine the consecutive partial images so as to form a substantially complete image of the object corresponding to a full scan of the first scan area and the second scan area.
Description
The application is on October 7th, 2004 by as the Ruiling Optics of u s company of the applicant of All Countries except that the U.S. with only be appointed as the pct international patent application of U. S. application people's U.S. resident Yang Yuping submission.
Quote and discussed in instructions of the present invention some references in reference list, these references comprise patent, patented claim and various publication.Providing for the quoting and/or discuss and only be used to make explanation of the present invention more clear of these references, is not to think that these citations are invention described here " prior aries ".Here the full content of all references that will quote in this manual and discuss combines as a reference, and with to quote each reference separately identical as the reference effect.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of scanning device, relate in particular to for the imageing sensor of high speed image scanning and the use of rotatable mirror and the marking image of handling for high speed image and use.
Background technology
Because electronics storage document has many significant advantages,, therefore becoming a kind of usual practice such as being convenient to information sharing and management, saving physical space and being not easy to take place loss of data.In case the image of storage document in computer system, then exist a large amount of mainly with the technology of form of software, with suitably mark, index, storage, packing and retrieve these images.Therefore, sharply increasing for the demand that with paper file scanning is e-file or document in recent years.Two kinds of scanning devices that can be used for paper file is converted into electronic document are arranged on the current market.First kind is so-called glass falt bed scanner, and the sweep velocity of this scanner is 0.033 to 0.143 page of p.s..Second kind is paper feeding scanner, and its sweep velocity is 3 pages of p.s.s.Paper feeding scanner can effective scanning has the document of unified physical form.When the document number of pages that will scan is very big, save sweep time and just become and be even more important.Because not all document can enter by the paper input slot of described paper feeding scanner, so platform-type equipment is absolutely necessary for office and individual.For example, in the accounts receivable department of hospital, outpatient service and various companies, receive a large amount of check and Payment Instructions page or leaf by mail every day.Although these paper files are the excellent candidate that are used for the electronics storage, but because its size and dimension is widely different, and folding in some way and stapled together usually, therefore because speed limit, lack the efficient apparatus of these file scannings in the computer system.Can only pass through these paper files of manual sort, mark, packing and retrieval up to today.
Current commercial falt bed scanner is made of the scanner head with light source, catoptron, condenser lens and optical sensor.All parts in the scan period scanner head move together.Described sensor is converted into electric signal from the document receiving optical signal and with described optical signalling, then it is treated to the image of described document.
In all factors, the factor that limits platform-type device scan speed is linear sweep rate, data rate and the image processing speed of the translational speed of scanner head, optical sensor.Can obtain well beyond the image processing speed of described scanner head translational speed.Data rate depends on selected agreement.The transmission speed of the most general universal serial port bus (hereinafter referred to as " USB ") port is 1.5MBps (megabyte p.s.).The image file of transmission 300KB only needed for 0.2 second.Other such as small computer system interface (hereinafter referred to as " SCSI ") speed than the high several magnitude of USB port.A new generation's hypersensitivity optical sensor can scan 46,000 row at most p.s., for example, DALSA IT-P1-2048 (DALSA Corp., Waterloo, Ontario, Canada).If every page has 4,000 row, then described sensor just can be finished scanning less than 0.1 second.The fact that current paper feeding scanner and duplicating machine per minute can scan 190 pages (ppm) has proved that image processing speed, data rate and linear sensor speed are not speed bottle-necks.
The speed bottle-neck of platform-type equipment is the mobile slower of scanner head.Specifically, be not that stepping motor can not drive described scanner head fast enough, but the moving forward and backward and start-speed of described scanner head that stopped motion limits of scanner head.Therefore, although all improved several magnitude in microprocessor speed and storage density in recent years, the growth of the platform scanner speed of described falt bed scanner only is a process that increases gradually.
Compare with 0.033 to 0.143 page the sweep time of p.s. that the glass falt bed scanner is required, adopt the video camera of area sensor to catch file and picture in moment.At exercise question the embodiment that discloses this image scanning system in the U.S. Patent No. 5,511,148 of " InteractiveCopying System ".In U.S. Patent No. 6,493, another embodiment of image scanning system is disclosed in 469.Should be appreciated that U.S. Patent No. 6,747,764 also disclose " camera box " similar devices, wherein the area sensor catch surface file and picture down that makes progress.On transparent platform, place described document.But the video camera of employing area sensor does not have to substitute the enough resolution of common office scanner usually.Similar with the glass scanning device, the flash of light of sending to scanning area in scanning process can allow the user not feel well and can hurt the user, and the distance so the described equipment that need between document that will scan and area sensor although device height is higher to keep enough have limited scanning area.
The camera that is called the employing line sensor of linear sweep camera can produce than the higher image resolution ratio of video camera that adopts area sensor.But, use linear sweep camera scanned document that a lot of inconvenience are arranged, for example, the document that needs usually to scan is placed up.Otherwise,, need the huge scanning device of structural volume for described linear sweep camera being arranged at below the document that will scan.In addition, this linear sweep camera apparatus needs very strong scan light, and this can cause the discomfort of human eye during frequent picture catching.
Based on the principle of line scan camera, the scanner with rotating mirror can be used as glass (perhaps platform-type) scanner.But before the rotating mirror scanner becomes the universal product of daily use, there are many problems that will solve.A key issue need between on-line sensor and the scanning area to be certain distance.Fig. 1 and 2 is depicted as the scanner that adopts line sensor and rotating mirror.On the surface of scanning area 1, place the ventricumbent scanned document of wanting.Rotating mirror 2 sends to line sensor 4 then to the imaging of collector lens 3 reflection original documents.This rotating mirror is around axle 5 rotations.Such image reading apparatus can be with very high velocity sweeping original document.But such scanner structure is huge and have several other problems.As shown in Figure 2, with visual angle α
0Be defined as the image path and the angle between the surface plane 1 of scanning area far-end original document of original document.Even after eliminating scanner distorsion, visual angle α
0More little, it is just low more to be positioned at the resolution of extracting near the original document place of scanning area distal edge.In order to keep certain level of resolution, visual angle α in the institute of scan period is free
0Must be greater than a certain threshold value.Therefore, be L for scan size
0Original paper, the height H of scanner
0Can not be too little.
Many trials have been carried out for the distance that shortens between document and rotatable mirror and the collector lens.For example, U.S. Patent No. 6,396,648 adopt fish-eye lens and one group of lens of U.S. Patent No. 6,324,014 employing.But, be limited by adopting different lens to realize reducing the distance, and make total system further complicated because the image fault that is captured increases the spinoff that produces.
U.S. Patent No. 6,493,469 by two local document images of two area sensor cameras acquisitions.Each parts of images all has less relatively distortion and good resolution.Thereby these two images are merged the complete image that forms described original document.This design has several problems.Usually the enough resolution that does not replace common office scanner such as the image-capturing apparatus of the digital camera that adopts expensive area sensor.This design also needs document faced up and places and camera is placed downwards, occupies relatively large space, and is therefore convenient unlike falt bed scanner for frequent scanning.The method that two parts of images are combined that is proposed is based on the image that is captured, and this method is unreliable aspect the high-quality combination image of realization.
U.S. Patent No. 5,909,521 also disclose the method that obtains the full document image by a plurality of parts of images.But Flame Image Process is very complicated, and along with the alignment quality of sweep test image is also changing.Therefore, this method does not provide and fast and reliably parts of images is combined as whole method.
Another problem of design rotating mirror scanner is to arrange exactly the coordinated time between the angular coordinate of Flame Image Process and rotating mirror.Several different methods has been proposed, for example, U.S. Patent No. 6,088,167 disclose a kind of method of the dedicated light sensor except the picture catching optical sensor, thereby are used for clocklike catching the measurement that light beam is realized scanning position during in a certain position when light beam.
U.S. Patent No. 5,757,518 propose to arrange the several method of rotating mirror rotation time.First method is the counting main sweep cycle, does not need to be used to scan the additional hardware of timing here.If but before being combined as complete image, need to obtain a plurality of parts of images of same original document then be difficult to implement to the timing of main sweep cycle.And, the possible accumulation cycle error of calculation.Second method is the angular displacement of measuring catoptron.The distinct disadvantage of this method need to be additional components.By the same token, it also is unfavorable adopting third party's method of optical path length detection instrument.
U.S. Patent No. 5,253,085 adopts synchro pick-up to detect the angular coordinate of rotating mirror.In U.S. Patent No. 5,973, adopt in 798 additional sensors and hardware unit to detect angular coordinate.
The 3rd problem in the rotating mirror scanner design is because the correction of the inhomogeneous shading of image that inhomogeneous exposure causes.Well-known in the scanner field in order to search or calculate the standard white benchmark that the shading data need be used to obtain reference light brightness.Proofread and correct for shading and to have researched and developed many methods, such as U.S. Patent No. 6,061,102, U.S. Patent No. 5,724,456, U.S. Patent No. 6,546, and 197, U.S. Patent No. 6,195,469, U.S. Patent No. 5,457,547 and U.S. Patent Publication No. U.S.2003/0,142,367.But in the rotating mirror scanner design, compare on whole scanning area shading with standard platform formula scanner inhomogeneous bigger.Therefore need bigger " standard white benchmark " zone.
The 4th problem in the image reading apparatus design is the distortion of eliminating in the initial original image that obtains by sensor.Need handle to obtain distortionless scanning document image the original image of catching.Deposit rich many methods that is used to eliminate distortion, such as U.S. Patent No. 6,233,014, U.S. Patent No. 5,253,085 and U.S. Patent No. 6,219,446.
Another problem be scan period strong illumination beyond scanning area.For quick scanning, a kind of method is to use high light to cover whole scanning area.This can allow operating personnel's eyes sensation very uncomfortable.Other method is to use the scanning area of strong and narrow beam flying under picture line.The irradiation light quantity that described second method will be transmitted into beyond the scanning area scan period drops to minimum degree.But light beam needs fully and image scanning synchronously scans described scanning area.A kind of solution that can realize second method also is not provided so far.
Therefore, in this field, still there is the still unresolved so far demand that can solve above-mentioned shortcoming and defect.
Summary of the invention
On the one hand, the present invention relates to be used to obtain to be positioned at the scanner of the image of the target on the partially transparent platform at least.The described platform of partially transparent at least has first scanning area and second scanning area, and in first scanning area of the described platform of partially transparent at least and described second scanning area each has first edge and second edge respectively.
In one embodiment, scanner has the luminous light source of being suitable for.Scanner also has rotatable mirror, this rotatable mirror is suitable for receiving from the light of first direction and to second direction and reflects described light, be positioned at the parts of images of the target on the local at least transparent platform with scanning, this rotatable mirror also be suitable for receiving from the parts of images after the scanning of the target of the third direction opposite with second direction and to the four directions opposite with first direction the parts of images after the scanning of the described target of reflection.And, described scanner has at rotatable mirror and the stationary mirror on the light path between first scanning area of partially transparent platform at least, described stationary mirror be used to receive the light that reflects along second direction by rotatable mirror and with the described light reflection that receives from rotatable mirror to first scanning area of partially transparent platform at least with scanning target parts of images, and described stationary mirror is the parts of images after the scanning of receiving target also, then with the parts of images of the target of third direction after rotatable mirror reflects described scanning.In addition, described scanner have be used to receive from the four directions to the scanning of target after parts of images and output corresponding to the imageing sensor of the electronic signal of the target parts of images after the scanning that receives.And described scanner has and is used for receiving electronic signal and writing down the image processing system of described electronic signal with digital format from described imageing sensor.Described scanner also has the collector lens on light path between rotatable mirror and the described imageing sensor, and the whirligig that is used to rotate rotatable mirror.
Described rotatable mirror and stationary mirror are arranged so that when described rotating mirror rotates, thereby described rotating mirror changes the second direction of light in the only once omnidistance rotation of rotatable mirror, and first edge of the corresponding light that reflects from stationary mirror along the 5th direction along the first direction of scanning A from first scanning area scans the continuous part image of target successively to second edge to second edge and first edge along the first direction of scanning B from second scanning area.The parts of images that described image processing system will write down is here combined the complete substantially target image of formation, is equivalent to respectively along the first direction of scanning A and the second direction of scanning B full scan.In one embodiment, partially transparent platform, rotatable mirror and stationary mirror are arranged so that first jiao of α at least
1Be defined as partially transparent platform at least and be connected and fixed the catoptron lower limb and the light path at first edge of first scanning area between the angle, and with second jiao of α
2Be defined as partially transparent platform at least and connect angle between the light path at first edge of first direction and the second direction point of crossing and second scanning area, angle α
1And α
2All greater than predetermined threshold angle α.
Described rotatable mirror comprises the level crossing with at least one reflecting surface.In one embodiment, described rotatable mirror has polygon mirror.In one embodiment, described stationary mirror comprises level crossing.In another embodiment, stationary mirror comprises curved mirror.In one embodiment, imageing sensor one of comprises in line sensor, area sensor and the combination thereof at least.In one embodiment, described light source one of comprises in laser, fluorescent tube, light-emitting diode component, tungsten lamp, halogen tungsten lamp, halogen lamp, xenon lamp and the combination in any thereof at least.The described platform of partially transparent at least comprises the flat board that is made of partially transparent material at least.In one embodiment, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises glass plate or transparent plastic sheet.
On the other hand, the present invention relates to be used to obtain to be positioned at the scanner of the image of the target on the partially transparent platform at least, the wherein said platform of partially transparent at least has first scanning area and second scanning area at least, and each of first scanning area and second scanning area has first edge and second edge respectively.
In one embodiment, described scanner has and is used for luminous at least one light source.And, described scanner has at least one rotatable mirror, described rotatable mirror is used to receive from the light of first direction and to second direction and reflects described light is positioned at the target on the described platform of partially transparent at least with scanning parts of images, receives the parts of images of the target after the scanning and to the parts of images of the target of four directions after the described scanning of reflection from third direction.And described scanner has at least one imageing sensor, and it is used for from the parts of images of the target of four directions after receiving scanning and the output electronic signal corresponding to the parts of images of the target after the described scanning that receives.And described scanner has image processing system, and it is used to receive from the electronic signal of at least one imageing sensor and with digital format and writes down this electronic signal.Described scanner also has at least one collector lens on light path between at least one rotatable mirror and at least one imageing sensor, and the whirligig that is used to rotate at least one rotatable mirror.
Described at least one light source, at least one rotatable mirror and at least one imageing sensor be arranged so that described first direction and four directions to limit first jiao (180 °-β), and described second direction and described third direction limit second jiao (180 °+β), wherein the β value is in-15 ° to 15 ° scopes, and when described at least one rotatable mirror rotates, thereby preferably in an only omnidistance rotation of described at least one rotatable mirror, first edge of described light along the first direction of scanning A from first scanning area scans the continuous part image of target to the second direction of described at least one rotating mirror change light successively to second edge to second edge and first edge along the first direction of scanning B from second scanning area.The described image processing system combination parts of images of record here is equivalent to respectively complete basically target image along the first direction of scanning A and the second direction of scanning B full scan with formation.
More on the one hand, the present invention relates to be used to obtain to be positioned at the method for the target image on the partially transparent platform at least.Wherein have at least the first scanning area and second scanning area by a plurality of marginal portions described platform of partially transparent at least of qualification and the described platform of partially transparent at least.
In one embodiment, the marginal portion that this method also is included in to small part around to the small part transparent platform forms the white portion with a plurality of marks, and described each mark is arranged on the precalculated position of described white portion.In described a plurality of mark each all can be discerned from described white portion.In one embodiment, the suitable standard basis white of at least a portion in the white portion.Described method also comprises respectively from the step of the continuous part image of first scanning area and the described target of the second scanning area sequential scanning, wherein the image that one of comprises in a plurality of marks at least of each continuous part image.And, thereby described method comprise adopt be arranged in a plurality of marks of each continuous part image at least the image on one of them form complete substantially target image as benchmark with combination continuous part image corresponding to the full scan of first scanning area and second scanning area.Described employing step also comprises the step of proofreading and correct formed target image, thereby and prunes away the target image of image after proofreading and correct with the image of white portion and a plurality of marks respectively and obtain the step of described target image.
More on the one hand, the present invention relates to be used to obtain to be positioned at the scanner of the target image on the partially transparent platform at least, wherein limit the described platform of partially transparent at least and described platform has first scanning area and second scanning area at least by a plurality of marginal portions.
In one embodiment, described scanner has the white portion of a plurality of marks, its be formed at the described platform of partially transparent at least to small part surrounding edge part, wherein each mark is arranged on the precalculated position in the described white portion, and a plurality of mark is to discern from described white portion all.In one embodiment, the suitable standard basis white of at least a portion of described white portion.And described scanner has the optical devices that are used for respectively from the continuous part image of first scanning area and the second scanning area sequential scanning target, wherein the image that one of comprises in a plurality of marks at least of each continuous part image.In one embodiment, described optical devices comprise at least one imageing sensor.Described at least one imageing sensor one of comprises in line sensor, area sensor and the combination thereof.Described scanner also has image processing system, thereby it is used for adopting a plurality of marks image one of at least of being arranged in each continuous part image to form complete substantially target image corresponding to the full scan of first scanning area and second scanning area as benchmark with combination continuous part image.In one embodiment, described image processing system has controller, carries out the step of proofreading and correct formed target image thereby described controller obtains described target image by pruning away the target image of image after proofreading and correct with the image of white portion and a plurality of marks respectively.
More on the one hand, the present invention relates to be used to obtain to be positioned at the method for the target image on the partially transparent platform at least, the wherein said platform of partially transparent at least has a plurality of scanning areas.In one embodiment, described method comprises that sequential scanning is respectively from the continuous part image of the target of each scanning area in described a plurality of scanning areas and make up described continuous part image to form the step corresponding to the complete substantially target image of the full scan of a plurality of scanning areas.
In one embodiment, the partially transparent platform also has a plurality of marks at least, and each mark is arranged on the precalculated position.Each continuous part image comprises a plurality of marks image one of at least.Described combination step comprises that a plurality of marks of employing in each continuous part image image one of at least is as benchmark.
On the other hand, the present invention relates to be used to obtain to be positioned at the scanner of the target image on the partially transparent platform at least, the wherein said platform of partially transparent at least has a plurality of scanning areas.In one embodiment, described scanner has and is used for sequential scanning respectively from the optical devices of the continuous and local image of the target of each scanning area of a plurality of scanning areas, thereby and is used for making up the continuous part image that receives from optical devices and forms treating apparatus corresponding to the complete substantially target image of the full scan of a plurality of scanning areas.
In one embodiment, described optical devices comprise at least one imageing sensor.Described at least one imageing sensor one of comprises in line sensor, area sensor and the combination thereof at least.The described platform of partially transparent at least has a plurality of marks that are separately positioned on the precalculated position.Each continuous part image comprises a plurality of marks as benchmark image of one of them at least,
In conjunction with the drawings preferred implementation is carried out following explanation and will make described and other aspects of the present invention become more obvious, in the spirit and scope that do not break away from described open novel concept, can carry out some variations and modification to the present invention here.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that the skeleton view of tradition based on the scanner of rotatable mirror;
The schematic side elevation of scanner shown in Figure 1 shown in Figure 2;
Figure 3 shows that the perspective schematic view of scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4 shows that the schematic side elevation of scanner shown in Figure 3, have optics explanation scanner;
Figure 5 shows that the block scheme of the Flame Image Process flow process of scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6 shows that the schematic, bottom view of the platform of partially transparent at least that has white portion according to an embodiment of the present invention with a plurality of marks;
Figure 7 shows that the schematic flow sheet that adopts mark identification scan line position according to an embodiment of the present invention: (a) have the part of the platform of partially transparent at least of mark, and the enlarged image of mark that (b) has the sweep trace of diverse location;
Figure 8 shows that electronic signal: the electronic signal that (a)-(d) corresponds respectively to the image that is in the diverse location mark corresponding to the image of the mark of Fig. 7;
Figure 9 shows that the synoptic diagram of prealignment of two parts of images of the image that adopts common indicium according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 shows that the schematic flow sheets that make up two parts of images by scanner scanning according to an embodiment of the present invention: (a) respectively along two parts of images of the first direction of scanning A and second direction of scanning B scanning, (b) prealignment of parts of images, (c) combination of these parts of images, and (d) image after the processing of parts of images;
Figure 11 shows that the schematic flow sheet of image shading intensity correction process;
Figure 12 shows that (a) perspective schematic view of scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (b) by the three-dimensional shading intensity distributions of two parts of images after the scanner scanning;
Figure 13 shows that the synoptic diagram of shading intensity correction process;
Figure 14 shows that along the sectional view of shading intensity distributions among Figure 13 of x axle extraction: before (a) the shading intensity correction process, and after (b) the shading intensity correction process;
Figure 15 shows that along the sectional view of shading intensity distributions among Figure 13 of y axle extraction;
Figure 16 shows that and adopt marking image to carry out the synoptic diagram that image fault is eliminated process according to an embodiment of the present invention: (a) He (b) illustrate how to produce grid square, (c) and (d) be illustrated in the iterative process of meticulous grid square on the distorted image, how pixel coordinate to the P position that is positioned at grid square (e) and (f) is shown carries out image fault and eliminates and proofread and correct, (g) the uneven distance between the sweep trace in also not carrying out the distorted image that distortion eliminates, and the process that the real image of the coordinate of the mark that makes storage and grid square and mark and grid square is complementary (h) is shown;
Figure 17 shows that the synoptic diagram of scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention: (a) side view of scanner and (b) geometric figure of the optics of scanner;
Figure 18 shows that scanner synoptic diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 19 shows that the schematic side elevation of the scanner that has light shield according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 20 shows that scanner schematic side elevation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Shown in Figure 21 is another embodiment scanner schematic side elevation according to the present invention;
Shown in Figure 22 is according to alternative embodiment of the present invention scanner schematic side elevation;
Shown in Figure 23 is the geometric figure that calculates the curvature of the crooked auxiliary mirror among Figure 22;
Shown in Figure 24 is the synoptic diagram of another embodiment scanner according to the present invention;
Shown in Figure 25 is the synoptic diagram that three parts of images processes of scanner scanning are passed through in another embodiment combination according to the present invention: (a) respectively along direction A, B and three parts of images of C scanning, (b) prealignment of parts of images, (c) built-up section image, and (d) image after the processing of parts of images;
Shown in Figure 26 is the schematic side elevational view of the scanner of another embodiment according to the present invention;
Shown in Figure 27 is combination according to an embodiment of the present invention by the synoptic diagram of two parts of images processes after the scanner scanning: (a) two parts of images after the first direction of scanning A and the second direction of scanning B scanning respectively, (b) combination of parts of images, and (c) image after the processing of parts of images;
Shown in Figure 28 is another embodiment scanner synoptic diagram according to the present invention;
Shown in Figure 29 is the synoptic diagram that makes up the process of four parts of images that pass through scanner scanning according to an embodiment of the present invention: (a) respectively along direction A, B, C and four parts of images of D scanning, (b) prealignment of parts of images, (c) combination of parts of images, and (d) image after the processing of parts of images;
The schematic side elevation of the different embodiments for scanner of the present invention shown in Figure 30: (a) embodiment of scanner, (b) another embodiment of scanner, and (c) embodiment again of scanner;
Shown in Figure 31 is the dazzle elimination process of the scanner shown in Figure 30 (c).
Shown in Figure 32 is according to an embodiment of the present invention scanner synoptic diagram;
Shown in Figure 33 is the schematic side elevation of the scanner of an embodiment again according to the present invention;
The synoptic diagram of the different embodiments for scanner of the present invention shown in Figure 34: (a) embodiment side view of scanner, (b) another embodiment side view of scanner, and (c) upward view of an embodiment again of scanner;
Shown in Figure 35 is the scanner synoptic diagram of another embodiment according to the present invention.
Embodiment
Because a large amount of modifications and modification among the present invention are obvious to those skilled in the art, therefore the present invention is more specifically described at the following embodiment that only is used for illustrating.Describe various embodiments of the present invention now in detail.With reference to accompanying drawing, similar Reference numeral is represented similar parts in whole accompanying drawing.Following employed in instructions and claims, except as otherwise noted, " one (a) ", " one (an) " and the implication of " this " comprise plural connotation.And, following employed in instructions and claims, except as otherwise noted, " ... within (in) " implication comprise " ... within (in) " and " ... on (above) " connotation.
3-35 illustrates embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.According to purpose of the present invention,, on the one hand, the present invention relates to be used to obtain to be positioned at the scanner of the image of the target on the platform of partially transparent at least as concrete and explanation widely.Described target comprises document etc.
With reference to Fig. 3 and 4, scanner 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises platform 101, light source 301, rotatable mirror 102, stationary mirror 110, imageing sensor 104, the collector lens 317 of partially transparent at least, and image processing system 120.
In the exemplary embodiment, platform 101 has the first scanning area 101a and the second scanning area 101b.Each the first scanning area 101a and the second scanning area 101b of described platform 101 have the first edge 101a1 respectively, the 101b1 and the second edge 101a2,101b2.Length and direction from the first edge 101a1 of the first scanning area 101a to the second edge 101a2 limit the first sweep length L respectively
1With the first direction of scanning A.In addition, length and the direction from the first edge 101b1 of the second scanning area 101b to the second edge 101b2 limits the second sweep length L respectively
2With the second direction of scanning B.In one embodiment, thus the first scanning area 101a and the overlapping formation of second scanning area 101b overlapping scan length are L
3Overlapping scan zone 101c.Therefore, the sweep length of the physical scan area of described platform 101 is L=(L
1+ L
2-L
3).Described sweep length L represents the maximum image length of 100 targets that can catch of described scanner.As shown in Figure 3, described platform 101 has to the white portion 201 of small part around the marginal portion 101d formation of platform 101, and described white portion 201 has a plurality of marks 203.Each mark 203 is positioned at the precalculated position of described white portion 201.A plurality of marks 203 are discernible for white portion 201 and preferably have such as criss-cross simple geometric shape that in one embodiment, described a plurality of marks 203 comprise cross mark.Described platform 101 has the platform that is made of the material of partially transparent at least.In one embodiment, described platform 101 has glass plate or transparent plastic sheet.
On the light path between the first scanning area 101a of rotatable mirror 102 and platform 101, stationary mirror 110 is set, described stationary mirror 110 be used to receive 102 light that reflect along second direction 105b from rotatable mirror and the light that will receive from rotatable mirror 102 along the first scanning area 101a of the 5th direction 105e reflection to platform 101, thereby be used to scan the parts of images of target at post-11.2; And the target that described stationary mirror 110 also is used to receive from the six direction 105f relative with the 5th direction 105e reflects to rotatable mirror 102 along third direction 105c at the sweep test image of post-11.2 and with the sweep test image of described target at post-11.2.In one embodiment, stationary mirror 110 comprises level crossing.In another embodiment, stationary mirror 110 comprises curved mirror.
Platform 101, rotatable mirror 102 and stationary mirror 110 are set to make when rotation rotatable mirror 102, the first edge 101a1 of light along the first direction of scanning A from the first scanning area 101a that rotatable mirror 102 makes second direction 105b to the continuous part image that the second edge 101b2 scans target successively, preferably only can realize above-mentioned scanning to the second edge 101a2 and the first edge 101b1 along the first direction of scanning B from the second scanning area 101b in the once omnidistance rotation of rotatable mirror 102.In this structure, between platform 101 and light path 109, limit first jiao of α
1, wherein light path 109 is connected and fixed the first edge 101a1 of the catoptron 110 lower limb 110b and the first scanning area 101a.Between the platform 101 of partially transparent at least and light path 109b, limit second jiao of α
2, wherein light path 109b connects first direction 105a and the point of crossing of second direction 105b and the first edge 101b1 of the second scanning area 101b.In this embodiment, α
1And α
2All greater than predetermined threshold angle α.In one embodiment, described predetermined threshold angle α is corresponding to the worst condition of scanner image fault, and in fact determines the minimum constructive height of described scanner.With conventional scanner shown in Fig. 1 and 2 relatively, suppose that scanner of the present invention and conventional scanner all have same sweep length and same difference image distortion, i.e. α
1=α
2=α
0=α, the scanner shown in Fig. 3 and 4 makes H＜H than conventional scanner more compact structure among the present invention
0
Image processing system 120 is used for receiving electronic signal and writing down described electronic signal with electronic format from described imageing sensor 104.The parts of images that described image processing system 120 will wherein write down is combined the complete substantially target image of formation, and this is equivalent to respectively the full scan along the first direction of scanning A and the second direction of scanning B.Described Flame Image Process can be implemented by software or firmware, and described Flame Image Process can be carried out by being arranged at inner or the outside and computing equipment that communicate by letter with described scanner of scanner with physics.In one embodiment, described image processing system 120 comprises the computing machine with a plurality of microprocessors and software package mounted thereto.(commercial microprocessor speed Utah) is enough to satisfy the demand of carrying out Flame Image Process in several seconds at zero point for Silicon Optics inc., Salt Lake City such as Silicon Optics sxW1/sxW1-LX.Can adopt that (software package Germany) can be complete target image with the electronic signal process that receives from imageing sensor 104 for MVTEC Software GmbH, M ü chen such as Halcon.Also can use other microprocessor, software package and customized software to implement the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 5 and 6, at first specifically with reference to Fig. 5, image processing system according to first embodiment of the invention is carried out following steps: step 130, sweep test image to the target that receives from imageing sensor carries out pre-service, thereby independently black pixel is bleached and makes independently white pixel blackening extract the high gradient image that is called benchmark image.In step 132, adopt benchmark image to proofread and correct described image.Described image rectification step comprises image combination step 131, image shading intensity correction step 133 and image fault removal process 135.The order of the Flame Image Process flow process in different embodiments in these three steps 131,133 and 135 can be different.With any order, all need the parts of images from file scanning is combined, need to proofread and correct shading intensity, and need the removal of images distortion.Figure 5 shows that several in the scanner image processing system 120 shown in Fig. 3 and 4 may the Flame Image Process flow processs one of them.
In order to reduce the required time of Flame Image Process, can use a plurality of marks of the white portion that is positioned at platform 101 that parts of images is quick, reliably also be combined into complete image exactly, and this mark can also be used for the regularly angular coordinate and the removal of images distortion of rotating mirror.The standard white of white portion can be as the shading intensity benchmark of shading correction.For example, as shown in Figure 6, will be treated to benchmark image near the sweep test image 206 of the common indicium 204 of sweep test image 206 and 207 and 205 and 207 lap.Can be benchmark image also with other section processes.Exist corresponding one by one between pixel in the benchmark image that extracts and the pixel in the original sweep test image.One pixel correspondence of benchmark image the pixel in the original scan image of same position.Aim at and make up this benchmark image exactly and just can aim at and make up original sweep test image with combination.Because the shape of the succinct and expection of the mark in the lap in benchmark image, thus therefore can be fast and carry out reliably and aim at and original sweep test image is aimed at and made up to the Flame Image Process of combination benchmark image.Above-mentioned benchmark image is optional in image processing system of the present invention.Can also adopt a plurality of marks 203 on the white portion 201 directly to aim at the also sweep test image of composite object.
Carrying out shading in shading intensity correction step 133 proofreaies and correct.Because having the different piece of several sections image and described parts of images is to obtain with different visual angles and different distances.In one embodiment, during reading signal from the initial protion image based on carrying out the shading intensity correction by reading the shading data that reference white zone with a plurality of marks as shown in Figure 6 obtains.Owing to the similar reason of shading reason of changes, the different piece of sweep test image has different distortions and need eliminate described image fault in image fault removal process 135.At last, thus the image that cuts off white portion the image of image trimming step 134 after handling obtains complete, required target image.
For falt bed scanner, during image scanning, need manually document to be put on the scanner and from scanner to take away, that is, exist scanning to interrupt.Also comprise the sweep time of described scanner and manually be put on the scanner document and the time of taking away document from scanner.Therefore, and only scan several pages of documents and compare, the average sweep velocity of scanning large volume document is slower.For example, under the situation that scanning is not interrupted, scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention can be in 10 seconds 20 pages of documents of continuous sweep, perhaps at 120 pages of documents of interscan in 1 minute.Therefore, the sweep velocity of described scanner is 2 pages of p.s.s.But,, can only scan 600 pages so altogether if about 10 minutes of manual operation scanner has and has about 5 minutes interruption.Overall, effective scanning speed for the large volume document operation becomes one page p.s. so.Although above-mentioned quantity is the supposition situation, they are enough to illustrate that the sweep velocity of a large amount of scannings is significantly less than the sweep velocity of several pages of documents.When in the storage buffer at according to an embodiment of the present invention image processing system during temporary sweep test image, described image processing system can adopt by be connected to the computer process ability of scanner such as USB port or wireless protocols, for example, computing machine also can be used for the purpose except that Flame Image Process, is not to be exclusively used in described scanner.Therefore, this further reduces the cost of scanner.
For the further processing cost that reduces, a plurality of marks as shown in Figure 6, preferably each all has simple and identical geometric configuration, such as cruciform.In this structure, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, in image processing system, only need to store some predetermined simple image signal patterns, these patterns are used for and the actual signal that extracts from the sweep trace such as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 sweep trace 112 compares, thus identification marking and discern the relative position of sweep trace with respect to mark.The simple shape of mark can reduce the workload of image recognition in the image processing system.In addition, mark can adopt difformity.
In scanning process, the rotation timing method of rotatable mirror is tolerated very much because manufacturing process is inaccurate or the geometric error of the scanner structure that the later material deformation of use for many years causes.And the motor (not shown) that does not need to drive rotatable mirror is consistent with scanning step.Unique requirement for driving motor is to rotate with angle of stability speed.Therefore, can make image reading apparatus of the present invention and very durable with low cost.
In addition, realize easily synchronously between handling, can come reading images with scanning more than once in order to make physics catoptron rotation and electronic image.Because the rotation of rotatable mirror can realize than user expectation sweep velocity faster, so this point is feasible.Therefore, adopt twice for the user or repeatedly scanning realize that file scanning is still very fast.Scanning for the first time can be used for the position of identification marking and be used for Flame Image Process synchronous.Scanning for the second time is used for reading practically the image that is used to handle.Owing to rotate described rotatable mirror, therefore, can calculate the start time of scanning the second time easily and exactly when finishing when scanning for the first time with angle of stability speed.The physics rotation of rotatable mirror and the Flame Image Process of scan image are realized synchronously.Alternatively, if use twice scanning to catch an image of scanned document, then scanning for the first time and scanning for the second time all can be caught the image of described document.The image that captures in scanning for the first time can be used as " pre-scan images ", makes graphics processing unit calculate and is used to catch necessity adjustment of scanning for the second time.This method also has other benefit.Can use the light intensity adjustment after the described calculating to change the luminous intensity of scanning for the second time.For example, if LED is used as light source,, therefore can change its light intensity rapidly by applying different supply voltages owing to can open or close LED rapidly.Therefore, can improve the picture quality of being caught by scanning for the second time.
In the present invention, for being used for the method that sweep trace location and image synthesize, do not need relatively costly stepping motor, be used for the complicated machinery device of angular coordinate and velocity survey and speed control.The main demand of the turning motor of described rotatable mirror is can be with at the uniform velocity rotation.Bear rotatable mirror angular coordinate and the image scanning synchronous task between handling by image processing system, this image processing system is by the position of the location positioning sweep trace of identification marking.This structure is used minimum physical component and the precision of manufacturing process of scanner of the present invention is had lower requirement.
Below explanation is used for the further details of the simple marking shape of effective process scanned images.
Referring now to Fig. 7 and 8, at first with reference to Fig. 7, the enlarged image that scanning area 101, the mark 209 with white portion 201 is shown respectively among the figure and is arranged in Fig. 7 (a) circle zone 208 with x-y coordinate.Coordinate x
a, x
b, x
c, x
dAnd x
eBe respectively the position of sweep trace 210, width w
3It is the width of described white portion 201.Width w
1It is the width of described cruciform mark 209 one of them arm.Width w
2It is the horizontal width of described cruciform mark 209.Coordinate y
1, y
2, y
3, y
4, y
5And y
6It is respectively the position of the inner edge of the position of position, described mark 209 horizontal arm inner edges of upright arm inner edge of position, described mark 209 of upright arm outer rim of position, described mark 209 of the position of white portion 201 outer rims, described mark 209 horizontal arm outer rims and white portion 201.Fig. 8 (a)-8 (e) illustrates the sweep trace x of Fig. 7 respectively
a, x
b, x
c, x
dAnd x
eThe I-Y planimetric map, wherein I represents shading intensity.Suppose that Flame Image Process is from position y
1Beginning and to the reverse direction operation of y axle is used to discern sweep trace and is positioned at position x
aThe required processing time is t (r
a), r wherein
aBe reference position y
1With position y
4Between pixel quantity and much smaller than being positioned at position x
aLocate the pixel quantity on the whole sweep trace.Because Flame Image Process time and the pixel quantity that need handle are proportional.Pixel quantity is few more mean handle apply short more.Particularly, as long as system detects from position y
1To distance y
4Sweep trace on the signal that extracts, processor logic can recognize that described sweep trace do not run into mark shown in Figure 7 209 so.
As shown in Figure 8, because r
c＜r
b＜r
a, be used for identification and be positioned at position x
bPerhaps x
cProcessing time of sweep trace on average less than t (r
a).As shown in Figure 7, if be positioned at that the sweep trace 210 of a position is not run into mark 209 and at the current location x of described sweep trace 210
b, handle from y
1To distance y
3The place runs into from the in vain change of signal intensity to the black sweep trace 210, respectively as I among Fig. 8
wTo I
bShown in.Processor logic thinks that sweep trace is positioned at the upper end of mark 209 as shown in Figure 7 then.Can use same decision logic decision sweep trace x
c, x
d, x
eThe position.
Along with described sweep trace along direction of scanning A shown in Figure 3 and B by whole scanning area, can also adopt signal configuration scanning local pattern itself from line sensor.Because therefore the Flame Image Process amount that relates in scanner of the present invention greatly reduces calculated amount.Adopt the mode of the position of the mark 209 detection sweep traces 210 on the white portion shown in Fig. 7 and 8.When sweep trace 210 is positioned at position x
aThe time, whole sweep trace 210 is positioned at white portion.Shown in Fig. 8 (a), the picture signal of extracting on the sweep trace 210 of the reflecting surface that is positioned at white portion 201 is that intensity is I
wWhite.
When described sweep trace is positioned at position x
bThe time, sweep trace 210 intersects with part mark 209.Shown in Fig. 8 (b), the signal that extracts on the sweep trace 210 of the reflecting surface that is positioned at white portion 210 has width and equals mark 209 width w
1Dark fragment.At position x
c, described sweep trace 210 intersects with the middle part of mark 209.Shown in Fig. 8 (c), the signal that extracts from sweep trace 210 has its width w
2Equal whole mark width w shown in Figure 7
2Dark fragment.In Fig. 7 and 8, w
3The width of expression white portion 201.Shown in Fig. 8 (d), at position x
d, when being limited in white portion 201 scopes, the signal that extracts from sweep trace 210 has and is positioned at position x
bThe same shape.In Fig. 8 (e), at position x
e, when being limited in white portion 201 scopes, the signal that extracts from sweep trace 210 has and is positioned at position x
aThe same shape.
Since the position of mark and shape be scheduled to and be stored in the image processing system, described mark can be used for detecting fast and reliably the x coordinate and the y coordinate of any pixel on the sweep trace.Particularly, if known sweep trace with respect to the position of mark, then can be determined any locations of pixels on the sweep trace by method of interpolation.
In case determined the coordinate of each pixel and the coordinate of sweep trace on the sweep trace, then a plurality of scanline groups being combined into two dimensional image is a fast and directly process.Because the position and the shape of mark is known for image processing system, reduce so form the processing cost of two dimensional image.
With reference to Fig. 9, two parts of images 211 of scanner scanning according to an embodiment of the present invention and 212 can carry out prealignment by image processing system.Described sweep test image 211 has the mark 204 that corresponds respectively to the corresponding white portion that is arranged in overlapping scan shown in Figure 6 zone 200 and 205 marking image 214 and 215.Described sweep test image 212 has the mark 204 that corresponds respectively to the corresponding white portion that is arranged in overlapping scan shown in Figure 6 zone 200 and 205 marking image 216 and 217.Be arranged in sweep test image 211 marking image 214 and 215 and the respective markers image 216 and 217 that is arranged in sweep test image 212 be used for further aiming at two images 211 and 212.In ideal alignment, marking image 214 and 216 should be overlapping fully and marking image 215 and 217 also should be overlapping fully.The simple geometric shape and the strong color contrast of the mark of white portion make parts of images can aim at fast and reliably in the combination step 131 of Fig. 5 on every side to have it.
The also operating part image combination step in the same way if described two parts of images do not have to share such as the common indicium of mark among Fig. 6 204 and 205.
Figure 10 also illustrates the combination step that is obtained a pair of parts of images by the single scan period by document in the scanner embodiment shown in Fig. 3 and 4.Along with scanning is carried out, described picture signal enters image processing system with direction of passage A and the represented order of B.In other words, carry out image scanning, in the single rotary course of rotatable mirror, can finish scan A and scanning B along direction A and B.According to independent embodiment, in the single rotary course of rotatable mirror 102, can or before A, scan B in scan A before the B.As shown in Figure 4, scan A obtains image by rotatable mirror 102 and level crossing 110.Therefore, scan A produces the flipped image shown in Figure 10 (a).Shown in Figure 10 (b), need overturn once more to described flipped image, then shown in Figure 10 (c), by being positioned at making up of white portion junction such as 1010 and 1020 mark and other parts of images that obtain by scanning B.At last, removal of images distortion shown in Figure 10 (d).With reference to Fig. 5, in distortion removal process 135, eliminate distortion.
With reference to Figure 11-15, at first with reference to Figure 11, the process flow diagram that one of is depicted as in three systems that provide for R-G-B (hereinafter referred to as " RGB ") pattern in the shading intensity correction step 133 of Fig. 5.According to illustrative embodiments shown in Figure 5, the picture signal of exporting from line sensor comprises two-dimentional parts of images, and described parts of images is combined into the complete scan image of document by the image combination step 131 of Fig. 5.As shown in figure 11, described shading intensity correction step 133 comprises that image recognition processing 230, scan address produce processing 232, shading correction data look-up table (hereinafter referred to as " LUT ") 234, have the shading correction data 238 of coordinate and hide and work as step 236.In one embodiment, image recognition processing 230 is used for being identified in the mark and the position thereof of image to be processed.Then, the scan address produce to handle use described mark in 232 the position with computed image in the coordinate of each pixel.With the coordinate conversion that calculates is address among the shading correction data LUT 234.The shading correction data that finds and the coordinate of shading correction data 238 are sent to shading treatment unit 236 together, wherein use from the required correcting value of the true shading data computation of white portion image and the shading intensity of correcting image correspondingly.
Scan image signal to document in shading treatment for correcting 133 shown in Figure 11 carries out the shading correction.Calculating about the shading aligning step further is shown in Figure 12 to 15.Figure 12 (a) is depicted as the scanner skeleton view according to Fig. 3 and embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 4.Shading intensity in the scanning area 101 of the schematically illustrated scanner of while Figure 12 (b).Aim at Figure 12 (a) and 12 (b) with the zone 206 in reading scan zone 101 and 207 and corresponding shading intensity surface 256 and 257 between relation.Shading intensity surface 256 is illustrated in the shading intensity in zone 206, and this zone comprises the white portion at 206 edges.The shading intensity in shading intensity surface 257 expression zones 207, described zone comprises the white portion that is positioned at 207 edges.
In Figure 13, further specify the calculation procedure that in shading treatment shown in Figure 11 236 steps, relates to.As embodiment, curve 140 expressions are arranged in the shading correction data of the shading correction data LUT 234 of Figure 11 with the graphic form storage.The numerical value of these data only has meaning relative to each other.In other words, this curve is the curve shape by shading correction data special use useful in the shading treatment for correcting.When Figure 11 234 in when searching the shading correction data of curve, actual shading intensity 142 couplings of the image of white portion among the end value of described curve and Figure 13, the brightness data of white portion image is represented on its figure ground.The actual shading intensity of image measurement by described white portion acquisition.All numerical value of adjusting on the curve 140 according to the end value of curve keep curve shape constant simultaneously.Like this, utilize the described curve of image of white portion to convert the adjusted shading intensity correction data of 144,144 expressions to from 140.
As shown in figure 13, adjust all based on the shading intensity level at the two ends of curve and search curve separately and such as the adjusted shading intensity correction of 1310 curve representation data, these curves form the surface 146 of Figure 13.In the shading correction data LUT 234 of Figure 11, all can search the shading calibration curve along x direction or y direction.Need further to handle curvilinear surface and make its " smoothly ".As shown in figure 13, the shading intensity on the edge 148 of described curvilinear surface 146 is the actual shading data from the image acquisition of described white portion.The final step of this shading adjustment of data process is to each position (x, y) calculation expectation shading intensity surface 150 and measure the difference between the shading intensity surface 146 and adopt these differences to proofread and correct the shading intensity of original document images.
Figure 14 shows that the measurement shading intensity surface of projection on the I-X plane and proofread and correct the sectional view of shading intensity surface.Particularly, Figure 14 (a) is depicted as the brightness before shading is proofreaied and correct.The shading intensity of curve 265 and 267 expression parts of images 263 and 264.Figure 14 (b) is depicted as the shading intensity after shading is proofreaied and correct.
Figure 15 shows that the I-Y planimetric map, the projection that part is measured shading intensity surface 256 among solid line 2010 expression Figure 12 in Figure 15, and back shading intensity surface is proofreaied and correct in dotted line 2020 expressions in Figure 15.
Figure 16 shows that adopting the white portion with mark to carry out distortion according to the embodiment of the present invention eliminates the illustrative diagram picture of handling.The data that are used for image processing system and produce, store and use grid square, the original image that is used for grid square is corresponded to distortion also are shown, thereby and are used for image process method to eliminate the non-distortion original image that distortion obtains scanned document.For the purpose of simplifying the description, in the following description, term " pixel " be used to represent to be positioned on the image approximately the zonule of pixel size and can be corresponding with actual pixels point on the image or can be not with image on actual pixels point corresponding.And, for convenience, in the following discussion, not or the processing image with less distortion be called and handle the back image, carry out distortion and eliminate the image of handling and become original image.
Figure 16 (a) illustrates how to produce grid square.Usually, the line that constitutes grid square in original image is not a straight line, such as 1610.The data that in image processing system, have constructed in various ways and store these lines.Below explanation provides the embodiment that how to construct and store these lines.
In order to obtain to construct the data of grid square, can use the reverse-engineering method.At the benchmark blank 1620 that is different from white portion on the scanner shown in scanning area setting such as Figure 16 (b), its white portion has the enough thin grid that the straight line such as 1630 black or reflection colour constitutes.By adopting scanner of the present invention to obtain the image of this plate.Grid square at original image shown in Figure 16 (a).Compare the data that can obtain to be used to construct grid square by being positioned on the blank that does not have scanning such as the coordinate of 1630 grid square and the image coordinate that has scanned such as 1640 blank.
In image processing system, pass through the data of a kind of method storing coordinate grid in the SOME METHODS.These methods are known to those skilled in the art.For example, a kind of method is the coordinate of the point of the q.s on the line of storing coordinate grid.Additive method is only to store together with the data that are used for curve construction (such as SPL) to be positioned at the coordinate of some point on the described grid square with these points of match.These methods can be used for implementing the present invention.
Figure 16 (c) and 16 (d) illustrate by the mark that is positioned at described scanner white portion and form the interpolation procedure that is positioned at the grid square on the scanning area image.Use grid square to help described image processing system to eliminate distortion fast.The first step shown in Figure 16 (c), connects the mark that is positioned on the distorted image to form the rough coordinates grid such as 1605 with many lines, described grid square has bigger relatively grid size and is anchored on each mark.Particularly, be positioned at coordinate based on known mark coordinate by interpolation calculation such as pixel on 1605 the rough coordinates grid.Then, second step, shown in Figure 16 (d), construct when being located at the first step such as the coordinate structure of pixel on 1605 the rough coordinates grid such as 1615 meticulous grid square.Particularly, the known coordinate by the pixel from the rough coordinates grid of having constructed the first step carries out interpolation and calculates the pixel coordinate that is positioned on the meticulous grid square.In order to reduce the size of calculating required storer, in fact only calculate and store the coordinate of some selected element on the grid.Repeat the grid square acquisition meticulousr grid square of this process based on the previous step structure.Two ranks that hypothesis grid square in various embodiments of the present invention below is discussed can provide enough accuracy for carrying out the distortion elimination.
During the distortion removal process, the coordinate of mark in the image (target of conversion) after the computing at first.Then, some selected element that calculates described meticulous grid square is arranged in the pixel coordinate of the processing image on the rough coordinates grid.After this, the image that calculates after the processing from original image is a very fast process.Figure 16 (e) and Figure 16 (f) are depicted as the calculation procedure of eliminating about the distortion of any pixel P in the grid square, and described pixel is not positioned at the edge of described grid square.Although be not necessary, suppose that for convenience the grid square among Figure 16 (e) is enough little for the distortion rate of giving deciding grade and level, thereby make four edges of the second level (thinner, or littler size) be assumed to be straight line basically.Coordinate and ratio d by four angle points 00,01,10 in the original image and 11
1/ d
1', d
2/ d
2', d
3/ d
3' and d
4/ d
4' determine the position of pixel P in the original image.Shown in Figure 16 (f), by four corresponding angle points in the image after handling 00 ', 01 ', 10 ' and 11 ' coordinate and ratio c
1/ c
1', c
2/ c
2', c
3/ c
3' and c
4/ c
4' determine the position in the image of same pixel P after processing.Before and after eliminating, distortion keeps this ratio, i.e. d
1/ d
1'=c
1/ c
1', d
2/
2'=c
2/ c
2', d
3/ d
3'=c
3/ c
3', d
4/ d
4'=c
4/ c
4'.Therefore, after the coordinate that calculates in the image of four angle points after processing, it is very little in the Coordinate Calculation amount of described processing image to be used for obtaining pixel P.Because the data volume of the interior described pixel coordinate of grid is much larger than the data volume of four angular coordinates of described grid, so the calculating of distortion elimination conversion is very effective.Figure 16 (a) and Figure 16 (b) illustrate and adopt above-mentioned disposal route to carry out the global view of parts of images distortion removal process.
Figure 16 (g) illustrates because the distortion that causes in the different angle of the different angular coordinates of rotating mirror.This distortion can adopt grid square method above-mentioned and other distortion shown in Figure 16 (a) to eliminate together.
16 (h) be depicted as will storage the coordinate of grid square correspond to the explanation of the step of described distortion original image and white portion image that has extracted from scanned document and mark.Adopt the above-mentioned method storing coordinate grid of mentioning, that is, storage is positioned at the point (be not carry out the point of interpolation and the coefficient of function) of the q.s on the described grid square line.This step explanation only relates to the regional area of described distorted image, still should be appreciated that and can carry out same step on entire image.In scanning process, obtain original image 400 by the scanning original document.This original image 400 comprise be positioned at white portion mark 410,415 and 417 image.Line 420,422,424 and 426 is the original images that are positioned at the grid square on the original image 400.Point 450 is the point on the grid square that is positioned at storage, has stored the coordinate of described grid square in image processing system.Owing to distortion in scanning process, occurs, suppose to be positioned at the line 420 that point 450 on the circuit 420 has broken away from original image 400.Therefore, need be on 420 with 450 " correspondences ".The first step of corresponding process is respectively the edge labelling point 430,435 and 437 of storage to be corresponded to the mark 410,415 that is positioned on the original image 400 and the physical location of 417 images with the direction of arrow shown in Figure 16 (h).Finish at once, will be positioned on the grid square of storage that hypothesis is in mark position correspond to a little on the respective markers of described original image.In second step, other o'clocks that hypothesis are in described grid square edge such as 440 and 445 storing coordinate corresponds to respectively on the appropriate location on the original image at the edge that is positioned at grid square 422 and 426.Because point 440 and 445 keeps the relative position with point 430,435 and 437, therefore described corresponding step is based on the mark position on the original image.In addition, shown in Figure 16 (h), will be positioned at point 450 on the inner wire of grid square of described storage and correspond to the shape that appropriate location on the line 420 that is positioned at the coordinates of original image coordinates grid (because point 450 can keep constant with the relative position of point 430,435,440,445 and 437) keeps described grid square simultaneously.
Figure 16 (a)-16 (h) thus shown in a plurality of steps proposed to be used in image processing system storing coordinate grid data, be used for grid square being corresponded to the distortion original image and being used to handle a plurality of methods that distortion obtains the undistorted original image of scanned document of eliminating.Can carry out these methods apace.Corresponding to except the structure grid square with grid square needs on the described distortion original image the extra computation, and a large amount of calculating that are used for eliminating distortion also comprise the relevant position that pixel data is copied one by one to the image after the distortionless processing from the position of described distortion original image.For black white image, described pixel data comprises pixel coordinate and pixel intensity.For coloured image, described pixel data comprises red, the indigo plant of pixel coordinate and pixel and the brightness of green glow.Rough estimation if image is made of 1028 * 768 pixels, can realize the distortion elimination by adopting 786,000 pixel copy functions.
If by being positioned at beyond the scanner but the software implementation Flame Image Process work of the independent personal computer execution that links to each other with scanner, middle-grade personal computer clock speed is about 1-3GHz now, can finish distortion for high-resolution image in several seconds at zero point and eliminate process.If described scanner is equipped with the computing equipment that itself has application specific processor, because from the implementation of the image copy pixel data of described original image after handling is the action type that is easy to carry out parallel work-flow, therefore when the described Flame Image Process of executed in parallel, can further reduce the execution time that distortion is eliminated.
Construct grid square and it is corresponded to the required extra computation amount of original image and depend on the requirement that distortion is eliminated.If suppose to be approximately straight line based on the meticulousst grid of described coarse crisscross structure, because hypothesis is assembled these pixels in order and linearly in described grid square, the size of described the meticulousst grid is big more, and the error that adopts the straight line prerequisite to introduce is big more.Conversely, the size of described the meticulousst grid is big more, is used to construct grid square and this grid square is corresponded to calculated amount required on the original image just few more.Therefore, the calculating of distortion correction is just faster.
Thereby employing be used to implement the grid square that distortion eliminates said method be also advantageous in that the quality of error at the image after can obviously not influencing described processing that evenly distributes on the entire image.
Can when making or regulate (turn up) scanner, be fixed for the algorithm and the data of parts of images combination, distortion elimination and shading correction calculation.In addition, can dynamically select to be used for the algorithm and the data of the combination of correction portion image, distortion elimination and shading correction calculation based on marking image and white portion that scan or prescan at each scanning run duration.Second kind of scheme used more system resource and may be caused the scanner price more expensive.But the advantage of second kind of scheme is that comparing the scanner that adopts second kind of scheme with the scanner that adopts first kind of scheme can allow that bigger distortion, geometric error, brightness change.In these two kinds of schemes, " standard white " of described calculation procedure employing white portion is as benchmark and adopt the basis of the position of mark on it as calculating.
Referring now to Figure 17, scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.Light source 301 sends light beam.This light beam that sends passes lens 319 and focuses on be reflected respectively then mirror 306 and 305 reflections.Near image light path 105d catoptron 305 is set.After by catoptron 305 reflection, the light beam with size of the 105a1 of limited boundary and 105a2 is being propagated near in the path of image light path 105d, but direction and 105d are opposite.After light beam is by 305 reflections, light beam arrives rotatable mirror 102 and rotatable mirror 102 reflects these light beams and makes this light beam at border 105b1 that corresponds respectively to ahead boundaries 105a1 and 105a2 and 105b2 internal communication, and described light beam further arrives catoptron 110 and described catoptron 110 reflects these light beams and makes this light beam at border 106b1 that corresponds respectively to ahead boundaries 105b1 and 105b2 and 106b2 internal communication.As shown in figure 17, width, described catoptron 305 that described light beam is set make during whole scanning original document to the degree of closeness of image light path 105d and the angle of described catoptron 305, be limited to the zone 307 on the light beam irradiates scanning area 101 between 106b1 and the 106b2, always light beam moves and cover scan image line 112 with scan image line 112.In other words, irradiation is positioned at or near such as near the zone 112 the sweep trace in scanning process, wherein scan period described sweep trace move.Described 112 image is propagated along 106a, and propagates along 105c by catoptron 110 reflection backs, makes it propagate and arrive optical sensor 104 along 105d by the described image of rotatable mirror 102 reflections then.The angle that limits between 105b1 and 105c equals 180 °+β.The angle that limits between 105a1 and 105d equals 180 °-β.Angle β is-15 ° to the 15 ° values in the scope.Preferably, β value in angle approaches 0 basically.
Figure 18 shows that scanner irradiation synoptic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention.Has constant angle β at scan period irradiation light path 105b with respect to image light path 105c.Described two light paths are only intersected with each other in distance rotatable mirror 102 a certain distances.Can select this distance to run into distance between the point of the scanning area of an end 1410 of scanning area 101 as rotatable mirror 102 and irradiation light path.In other words, irradiation light path and image light path are all run into scanning area at same position 1410, and the end in described scanning area 101 scans simultaneously.When advancing in described scanning area center 1450, described two light paths are run into scanning area in the position with JND such as 1420 and 1430 in scanning.The range sweep regional center is near more, and two light paths arrive the position of scanning area 101 apart from far away more.
This phenomenon produces two effects.First effect is and scanning area comparing with 1450 position such as 1420,1430 of center more, can shine better to be positioned at or near 1410 sweep trace.Reason be to shine light path be positioned at scanning area one end and run into scanning area such as the duplicate position of image light path that is positioned at position 1410.Because the end of scanning area such as 1410 position is than zone such as the position 1420,1430 and the stronger irradiates light of 1450 needs at close scanning area center, so this effect helps the exposure intensity of balance for scanning area.By focusing that changes scanning light beam and the degree that can adjust this effect by the geometric configuration that changes various light sources, catoptron and lens on the light path.Compare with the weak focusing light beam, from the light beam of light source focus on strong more will be near the scanning area upper tracer the narrow more irradiation area of generation.Therefore, as mentioned above, the scan light of strong focusing has strong more irradiation counterbalance effect more, that is, when scanning area one end of rotatable mirror scanning such as position 1410 time exposure intensity of sweep trace and when rotatable mirror 102 scans scanning area center such as position 1420,1430 and 1450 difference between the exposure intensity of sweep trace big more.The scan light of weak focusing has weak more irradiation counterbalance effect more.
Second effect is: when scanning is positioned at or when the described scanning area center, be that the full annular light path can not arrive optical sensor according to any light path of getting back to optical sensor from the light source to the scanning area then of principle in scan period of geometrical optics.This means when the part of the image light path between rotatable mirror and scanning area is in about vertical direction, can not pour in described optical sensor from the strong reflection light of any glossy surface on document propping material such as glass that is used for support document or the file.Therefore the possibility of destroying picture quality is very little.The degree of this effect is regulated in focusing that can be by changing scanning light beam, the position that changes the angular range of scanning and change catoptron, light source, sensor etc.
On the other hand, in this structure, parallel with the image light path never at the light path of irradiation described in the whole scanning process.Suppose with " direct reflection " be defined as from described scanner document support glass (perhaps supporting any other transparent material of scanned document) but have an incident angle direction opposite reflected light the same with irradiates light, promptly about the normal symmetry through overscan regions irradiates light reflection spot, this point can be judged about the relation of incident angle and reflection angle by geometrical optics.When direct reflection is not run into rotatable mirror (this occur in when scanning when being in), direct reflection strong, unwanted strong dazzle can not occur containing and cover situation from the true picture light of described document at optical sensor away from the position, central area.When direct reflection (this occurs in some point when the image light path is in or is almost vertical with scanning area) when bumping rotatable mirror, because the light path of direct reflection is parallel with the image light path (referring to Figure 18) not, and because the light path from the rotatable mirror to the optical sensor is longer, so direct reflection can not arrive optical sensor.Like this, can eliminate because the possible dazzle that direct reflection causes.
Above-mentioned be used to eliminate above-mentioned strong dazzle at about an angle of 90 degrees substitute or additional project scans irradiating structure for being provided with two, if arrange the scanning irradiation like this, then described light beam touch never near or to be in the scanning area surface and the described light beam of scan line position vertical with scanning area (promptly, be about an angle of 90 degrees with scanning area), can eliminate fully like this from catoptrical dazzle.But this scheme has certain disadvantages, and shows and the vertical dimension comparison of described scanner that its scan area is less relatively.Reason is that the image light path part between scanning area and rotatable mirror is not vertical with scanning area.In addition, the anti-reflection coating on the scanning area on all lens and described scanner also can reduce reflection and improve picture quality.
Fig. 4 and two irradiation units shown in Figure 17 carry out being positioned at and providing concentrated light near the sweep trace place such as 112 in the process in scanning.Cylindrical lens or the lens combination 319 of use between the light source 301 and first catoptron 306 focuses on the light that is sent by light source 301 and form the narrow beam high-strength light around such as 112 sweep trace.Described high-strength beam makes scanner can carry out high-velocity scanning.
Compare with irradiation counterbalance effect shown in Figure 180, below substituting and/or additional project of scanning area exposure intensity regulated in explanation.For compensate described scan period optical path length change and effect that the angle of scanning area light path changes, the anglec of rotation that can be by rotatable mirror is the power supply of modulated light source 301 optionally.More specifically, carry out steering logic in following steps: (1) determines the angular coordinate of rotatable mirror by the mark position on the Real time identification partial sweep image; (2) use detected angular coordinate to search required light intensity correction data of this moment, use the power supply of this Data Control power supply 301 then.Usually, when light path long and light path when big, described light source 301 needs more power to the incident angle of scanning area.Otherwise light source 301 needs less power.Light intensity and this light source that can change led light source by the change power supply rapidly are applicable to this situation.
Another scheme that is used for substituting or compensate above-mentioned two kinds of methods that are used to shine balance for as shown in figure 19 light shield 1510 is set between rotatable mirror 102 and scanning area.Light shield 1510 has variable transparency (not shown) in different angles during rotatable mirror 102 rotations.Can use different transparencies with light intensity of regulating scanning area and the amount that is propagated back to the reflected light 1910 of described optical sensor 104 in different angles.
The give chapter and verse scanner of an embodiment of the present invention of Figure 20.At image light path that is positioned at scanner shown in the figure of Figure 20 (sweep trace that starts from scanning area ends at optical sensor) and irradiation light path (starting from the sweep trace that light source ends at scanning area).It is narrow and horizontal range is wide and be parallel in the light beam of sweep trace that lens 501 and 503 will focus on vertical range from the light of light source 507.Reflex housing 505 will focus on the lens 503 from the light of light source 507.Condenser lens 521 will focus on the described optical sensor 522 with direct light from rotatable mirror 102 from the image light that sweep trace reflects.Opaque cover 531 makes light on irradiation scanning area 101 upper tracers only from rotatable mirror 102 by the parasitic light that directly sends outside the scanning area 101.Compare with Fig. 4, the embodiment of Figure 20 only uses a rotatable mirror, does not have the additional reflector such as the level crossing 110 of Fig. 4.Adopt a rotatable mirror to produce and compare less relatively scanning area with the vertical range of described scanner.Perhaps, in other words, for onesize scanning area, the vertical range of Figure 20 (thickness) is relatively large.The novelty of this embodiment of the present invention is irradiation unit illustrated in fig. 17 and has used white portion and mark.If necessary, thus the light intensity of the whole scanning area of mask balance among Figure 19 can be set on the top of rotatable mirror.
As shown in figure 20, use fluorescent tube 507 as light source.The fluorescent light cost is low, white-light spectrum good and efficient is higher.But fluorescent light can be because the modulating current of process fluorescent tube causes flicker.Current fluorescent light technology employing can produce frequency and be about the high-frequency electronic ballast of 25KHz to the 40KHz modulating current.If scanning area length is 12 inches, scanning resolution is 600dpi (dots per inch), and scanner scans one page one second, so, in a second, sweep trace adds up to 7,200 and flicker add up to 40,000 (flicker frequency of supposing fluorescent light is 40KHz).Every line distributes 40000/7200=5.5 flicker.The flicker of fluorescent light has reduced the quality of scan image.But the random character that is distributed in the flicker on the picture line makes that flicker is also not obvious on entire image.Also can use the light source of other type, such as tungsten lamp, halogen tungsten lamp, xenon lamp, light emitting diode etc.The flicker problem that common these light sources do not have described fluorescent light to have.Therefore when adopting the light source of other type, the sweep velocity when sweep velocity can be than the employing fluorescent light is higher.Each light source has the merits and demerits of itself.LED etc. can instantaneous opening and closing, produce to concentrate and directed light, and can not produce a lot of heat.But usually, LED efficient is not so good as fluorescent light and is not very bright.It is very strong that xenon lamp has good spectrum, brightness, but need high-voltage power supply, and this makes it very expensive and volume is bigger.Tungsten lamp efficient is not high and can produce very big heat.Because tungsten lamp is pointolite, and fluorescent light and LED are line sources, will put light and be converted to linear light beam thereby therefore need carry out somewhat complex design to reflex housing and lens.Halogen tungsten lamp is only more efficient a little and have and the tungsten lamp similar problem than tungsten lamp.
The give chapter and verse scanner of an embodiment of the present invention of Figure 21.In this embodiment, use two rotatable mirrors, two optical sensors and two light sources zone of realizing exposing thoroughly to keep the vertical range of scanner less simultaneously.With reflex housing 605 together, light source 607,, lens 603,601 produce strong, narrow and integrated light beam, described parallel beam is in the sweep trace that is used to scan.By such as 102 the described light beam of rotatable mirror deflection, and it is projected on the scanning area 101 around the sweep trace.The image light that condenser lens 621 will reflect from the sweep trace that is positioned at scanning area focuses on optical sensor 622.By the mark on the white portion by two parts of images of image processing software combination by the scanning of two rotatable mirrors, described white portion be positioned at described scanning area around.Between the rotation of two rotatable mirrors, do not need accurate mechanical synchronization, as long as described two rotatable mirrors can be at the short time cycle interscan image of appropriateness, for example, two equal appropriateness of rotatable mirror are rotated soon, and described image processing system can in time be caught described two parts of images and they are handled.In Figure 21 state two image light paths are shown, from scanning area 101 beginning and end at optical sensor 622, and two irradiation light paths, start from light source 607 and end at scanning area 101.If necessary, light shield as shown in figure 19 can be set in the position of two rotatable mirror top between rotatable mirror and scanning area, thus the light intensity of the whole scanning area of balance.
The give chapter and verse scanner of another embodiment of the present invention of Figure 22.In this embodiment, a rotatable mirror and two optical sensors have been used.For the zone of realizing exposing thoroughly keeps the vertical range of scanner less simultaneously, use two auxiliary mirrors 701 and 703.Although be not necessary, preferably make the surface of auxiliary mirror 701 and 703 with curve form.The advantage of the curve shape of auxiliary mirror: the whole vertical range that comprises long-pending little, the geometry of being convenient to be provided with optical sensor and light source of specular surface and scanner is shorter.If necessary, thus the light intensity of the whole scanning area of light shield balance as shown in figure 19 can be under rotatable mirror be set between rotatable mirror 102 and two auxiliary mirrors 701 and 703.Use opaque cover 707 to stop parasitic light to be transmitted directly to outside the scanning area from rotatable mirror 102.Do like this is to preserve from for protection eyes of user when the user operates scanner.
In Figure 22, thereby by determining that with diagrammatic representation or manually accurate drawing the curvature of described crooked auxiliary mirror is easier to image processing system described scan image is carried out distortion elimination, parts of images combination and shading correction.The shape of curved mirror is not unique.
Can also determine the curvature of described crooked auxiliary mirror by calculating with counting.The embodiment of this calculating is as follows.With reference to Figure 22 and 23, some A is the rotation center 2210 of rotatable mirror 102.Meet curved mirror surface F from an irradiates light of A reflection and at a D.Because the diameter of rotatable mirror is not 0, this hypothesis is introduced a less error.If the diameter of rotatable mirror is enough little, that is, described rotatable mirror enough " tall and thin " then can be ignored this little error for this discussion.Suppose by the projection of function y=f (x) presentation surface F on X-Y plane.DB is the normal that curved mirror F is ordered at D, and the tangent line f (x) that described normal is ordered through the D point and with D is vertical.Suppose that angle BDC (2420)=angle ADB (2410) and X-axis represent scanning area 101, then the slope tan (θ of AD
1The slope of)=f (x)/x and DB is tan (θ
2The 1/f ' of)=-(x).At θ
1, θ
2, can set up following relation between x and the f (x):
1/tan(θ
1)-1/tan(θ
2)＝x/f(x)+f’(x)。
And, from geometry as can be known,
1/tan(θ
1)-1/tan(θ
2)＝AB/f(x)。
Merge above-mentioned two equatioies, can obtain following equation,
AB/f(x)＝x/f(x)+f’(x)。
Rearrange above-mentioned equation,
AB＝x+f’(x)f(x)
Both members differentiate to obtaining obtains following equation then,
d(AB)/d(θ
1)＝d(x)/d(θ
1)+f’(x)*df(x)/d(θ
1)+f(x)*df’(x)/d(θ
1)。
Above-mentioned differential equation can also be write as
d(AB)/d(θ
1)＝d(x)/d(θ
1)+f(x)/x*df(x)/d(θ
1)+f(x)*d(f(x)/x)/d(θ
1)。
As purpose of design, along with the rotation of rotatable mirror 102, with angle θ
1Variation and line AD are around some A rotation.The movement velocity v of point C also is a constant on X-axis, that is, and and dv/d θ
1=K
1, K wherein
1Be a constant, perhaps change at least reposefully, that is, and d
2V/d
2θ
1=K
2, K wherein
2It is a constant.The first above-mentioned purpose is approximately the movement velocity of a B with respect to θ
1Be a constant, dAB/d θ
1=K
3, K
3Be a constant, AB represents the length of the part from A to the B line.
In Figure 23, suppose angular velocity θ
1Be constant, and be set at constant d so as the movement velocity of fruit dot B
2(AB)/d
2θ
1=0, thus then above-mentioned differential equation can be converted into the second-order differential equation and carry out numeral and find the solution acquisition function f (x), the shape that this function representation curved mirror is required.Because integration causes function f (x) can comprise some unknown constants.In the actual machine design, can determine constant by the endpoint location of regulating curved mirror 701 and 703.
The give chapter and verse scanner of another embodiment of the present invention of Figure 24.Compare with Fig. 4, the scanner among Figure 24 has additional plane mirror 160 before level crossing 110.The size of design plane mirror 160, shape and position make catoptron 160 can not stop from area L
1And L
3Arrive the arbitrary portion of the image path of rotatable mirror 102.Area L
2The image of interior scanned document is at first reflected to rotatable mirror by level crossing 160 then by level crossing 2510 reflections, and this image propagates is to line sensor 104 at last.It is L that additional plane mirror 2510 and 160 extends scanning area length
2-L
5If the L among Figure 24
1+ L
2+ L
3-L
4-L
5Equal the L among Fig. 4
1+ L
2-L
3(making two scanners have same sweep length), and the α among Fig. 4 in their scanning area
1And α
2In minimum value equal γ among Figure 24
1, γ
2And γ
3In minimum value (make scanned document only but be not subjected to same slope constraints) through the parts of images distortion of further Flame Image Process, can make height H in the embodiment of Figure 24 less than the height H in Fig. 4 embodiment so.Therefore, additional plane mirror 2510 and 160 has reduced the height of scanner, makes the physical arrangement of image-scanning device of the present invention be fabricated to lower structure.Angle β
1Maximum visual angle for rotatable mirror by planar lens 110 reflected images the time.Angle β
2Be the maximum visual angle of rotatable mirror 102 by planar lens 2510 and 160 reflected images time the, angle β
3Maximum visual angle for rotatable mirror when image directly arrives rotatable mirror.
Figure 25 (a)-25 (d) illustrates parts of images combination that will obtain and the step that is converted into the complete front elevation of original document from the original document of the scanner of Figure 24.The scanning sequency of three parts of images is A, B and C, and edge and A, B, the direction of arrow that C is relevant scan.Figure 25 (a) illustrates three parts of images that obtain by scanning.Upset 176 and 177 sweep test image and for 175,176 and 177 transpositions, in result shown in Figure 25 (b).In Figure 25 (c), make up three parts of images 175,176 and 177.Image by position mark 180,181,182 and 183 is assisted the built-up section image.Particularly, two images of 180 expressive notations, one be positioned on the parts of images 175 and one be positioned on the parts of images 177.Same mark from the white portion that is positioned at described scanner obtains described two marking images.When the built-up section image two described marking images overlapping be an image.Also be applicable to same explanation for 181,182 and 183.
Figure 26 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.For the length in expanded sweep zone 101 keeps the lower height of described scanner simultaneously, present embodiment adopts two line sensors 104 and 2705.α
1And α
2Be respectively by reflection rotatable mirror 102 from inclination angle that line sensor 104 and 2705 is seen.Reflect the scanning document image that is positioned on the scanning area 101 by rotatable mirror 102, and scioptics 103 focus on this image, these image receiving track sensors 104 and 2705 then.Rotation by rotatable mirror 102 realizes scanning process.Visual angle β
1Corresponding to the ultimate range L on the scanning area that adopts line sensor 2705 to scan
1Visual angle β
2Corresponding to the ultimate range L on the scanning area that adopts line sensor 104 to scan
2Alphabetical A among Figure 26 and B represent the direction of scanning corresponding to rotatable mirror sense of rotation among Figure 26.When keeping the present embodiment height H the same, then can make L greater than L with Fig. 2
1+ L
2-L
3Sweep length.Figure 27 illustrates the step that the parts of images that will obtain is treated to the complete front elevation of original document from the original document of the scanner of Figure 26.
Shown in Figure 28 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment more of the present invention.This embodiment also adopts two line sensors 104 and 2905.The difference of the embodiment among Figure 26 among embodiment and Figure 28 is to use two extra plane mirrors 110 and 2910 to further expand the length of scanning area.Be positioned at L on the scanning area 101 by plane mirror 110 and 2910 reflections
1And L
4The described then image section of the image section of scanned document arrives rotatable mirror 102 in the zone.L
2And L
3The image section of scanned document directly arrives rotatable mirror 102 in the zone.Then, the image scioptics 103 receiving track sensors 104 and 2905 that reflect from rotatable mirror 102.Particularly, from L
1And L
2The zone image receiving track sensor 2905 and from L
3And L
4The image receiving track sensor 104 in zone.Angle β
1Be corresponding to distance L on scanning area
1Maximum visual angle.Angle β
2Be corresponding to distance L
2Maximum visual angle.Angle β
3Be corresponding to distance L
3Maximum visual angle.Angle β
4Be corresponding to distance L
4Maximum visual angle.Distance L
5, L
6And L
7Represent adjacent area L respectively
1, L
2, L
3And L
4The overlapping region.γ
1, γ
2, γ
3And γ
4Be respectively in area L
1, L
2, L
3And L
4Inclination minimum in the middle observed image.If γ among Figure 28
1, γ
2, γ
3And γ
4Minimum value equal α among Figure 26
1And α
2Minimum value (guaranteeing when scanned document for the first time, applying Flame Image Process) in the distortion of two scanners restriction equal extent with before eliminating distortion, and the length L of Figure 28
1+ L
2+ L
3+ L
4-L
5-L
6-L
7Equal the L of Figure 27
1+ L
2-L
3(having same scanning area length to guarantee two scanners) then can make height H in Figure 28 embodiment be lower than height H in Figure 26 embodiment.A, B, C, D represent to be positioned at the direction of propagation of scanning area 101 upper tracers.When rotation during rotatable mirror, can the edge and these alphabetical relevant arrows shown in direction with the whole scanning area of the sequential scanning of A, B, C, D.Scanning sequency in A, B, C, D is not enforceable nor must finishes complete scan to document in a rotary course.For example, during rotating a circle, sweep limit L only
3During another time rotation, scanning L
1During rotating again, scanning L
2During another rotation, scanning L
4In this embodiment, four rotations of cost realize complete scan one time.
Figure 29 illustrates built-up section image in embodiments of the present invention and eliminates the embodiment of distortion step.Particularly, in Figure 29 (a), obtain the parts of images of four distortions by scanning.A, B, C, D represent the direction of scanning, that is, sweep signal enters the direction of image processing system.In Figure 29 (b), upset is corresponding to two parts of images of direction of scanning A and D.In Figure 29 (c), adopt four parts of images of marker combination in join domain.In Figure 29 (d), eliminate distortion.As mentioned above, can change image processing procedure.For example, before the built-up section image, can in each parts of images, eliminate distortion.
Because scanner of the present invention has very high sweep velocity, they are suitable for a large amount of file scannings is the image file of electronic format.When with the many documents of high-velocity scanning, natural operator scheme is not place coverture in scanning area to come scanned document.In order to make operating personnel more comfortable, wish to reduce the light quantity of outside the scanning area of scanner, sending.Can realize this point by the scan light of only when scanning, opening scan lamp and adopt certain type shading device to be blocked between twice scanning.Construct this shading device or can belong to known technology to those skilled in the art with the switch that scanning process is synchronously operated scan lamp, details here will not be elaborated.
In the Fig. 4 and first and second irradiation units shown in Figure 17, when light path during perpendicular to scanning area 101 surface, can reflect the light beam that is intended to along sweep trace irradiation text from the surface of scanning area 101, and described reflected light can the edge propagated the same with image path, and all enters sensor.Can produce dazzle like this, dazzle here is defined as because the surface of scanning light beam and scanning area is 90 degree causes producing very strong catoptrical phenomenon at scanning area surface scan light beam.Dazzle makes the picture quality variation of preliminary sweep.
In addition, except the described method of Figure 18, also there is the multiple method that is used to avoid taking place this phenomenon.Figure 30 (a) illustrates the method that is used for avoiding taking place at Fig. 3 and scanner of the present invention first embodiment shown in Figure 4 dazzle.Can limit maximum visual angle β
2Make that working as image path is in β
2During represented scope, light path never with the Surface Vertical of scanning area 101.Represent described upright position by perpendicular line R.Figure 30 (b) illustrates the method that is used for avoiding at scanner of the present invention second embodiment shown in Figure 24 dazzle.Maximum visual angle β is set
2Make the image path to greatest extent 3105 that reaches by catoptron 2510 scannings intersect with the position and the angle of level crossing 2510 and 160 with perpendicular line R.As shown in figure 24, with under the situation of the Surface Vertical of scanning area can not scan L at image path
2Interior zone.And, be positioned at L
2And L
3Between combination zone L
5Be positioned at the right side of described perpendicular line R.Therefore, under this structure, any position light path not can with the Surface Vertical of scanning area.
Figure 30 (c) is depicted as the exemplary process that is used for avoiding at scanner of the present invention the 3rd embodiment shown in Figure 26 dazzle.Because rotatable mirror has a certain thickness, the travel path 515 of the scan light that reflects by rotatable mirror 102 and thereafter from 515a to 515b the path to 515c will be in vertical position at R1.The travel path 525 of the scan light that reflects by rotatable mirror 102 and thereafter from 525a to 525b the path to 525c will be in vertical position at R2.Make combination zone L
3Span be enough to both comprise position R
1Comprise position R again
2Light 515 is after reflecting by catoptron 516 and rotatable mirror 102, and light 515 is at angular coordinate R
1Dazzle appears in the place.But light 525 is after by 102 reflections of catoptron 526 and rotatable mirror, and light 525 is propagated along 525d, corresponding to position R
1The scanning area surface dazzle does not take place.
The detailed step that obtains the image of free from glare from the scanner shown in Figure 26 and 30 (c) further is shown in Figure 31.Parts of images 3205 and 3215 is respectively the image-region L among Figure 30 (c)
1And L
2Parts of images 3205 is at position R
1Part 3230 on every side comprises dazzle and can replace by the appropriate section 3210 that is positioned on 3215.Similarly, parts of images 3215 is at position R
2Part 3220 on every side comprises dazzle and can replace by the appropriate section 3225 that is positioned on 3205.After replacement, parts of images 3205 and 3215 does not all have dazzle.
Shown in Fig. 4 and 17, it is not ideal enough to change the image focusing that causes being positioned at the lens 103 on the imageing sensor 104 in the image path length of all places of rotatable mirror.Come the length in expanded images path to alleviate this problem by the folding image path.When the expanded images path, reduced the ratio between the longest image path and the shortest image path.This ratio is always greater than 1.Suppose that if the longest image path is that 900mm and the shortest image path are 700mm, its ratio is 900/700=1.286.If the longest image path and the shortest image path are all expanded 300mm, then its ratio is reduced to (900+300)/(700+300)=1200/1000=1.2.Figure 32 illustrates the preferred implementation in expanded images path.The scanner that adopts Figure 24 shown in figure 32, is provided with catoptron 77 in the position that will use line sensor 104 as embodiment.Line sensor 104 receives by the image after catoptron 77 reflections.The lens 103 of focus reflection image are set between catoptron 77 and line sensor 104.Therefore, the longest image path and the shortest image path have been expanded the distance between catoptron 77 and the line sensor 104 equally.
Figure 33 illustrates according to the present invention the scanner side schematic view of an embodiment again.Described scanner has framework 3500, lens 3505, area sensor 3510, light source 3515 and reflex housing 3520.Circuit 3525 is the borders at described area sensor 3510 visual angles.Described scanner has the underlined white portion that contains that is positioned on the scanning area 3550.White portion with mark is used for the parts of images that area sensor 3510 obtains is combined into complete image.Owing to use a more than area sensor, therefore " highly " that can reduce this scanner.The shortcoming of this design is can allow operating personnel not feel well from the light of light source.In order to overcome this shortcoming, another version and the figure that design this scanner are shown among Figure 34 (a)-(c).Shown in Figure 34 (a), this scanner has framework 3600, lens 3610, area sensor 3620, light source 3630 and reflex housing 3640.Because operating personnel stand in a side of the scanner that embeds light source 3630 usually, therefore operator's eyes 3650 can directly not seen the flash of light of being sent by light source 3630 as we can see from the figure.And Figure 34 (a) is depicted as the border at scanning area 3660 and described area sensor 3670 visual angles.Figure 34 (b) illustrates the scanner structure that B1 has an X-rayed from Figure 34 (a).Figure 34 (c) is illustrated among Figure 34 (a) another scanner structure of having an X-rayed from B2.In Figure 34 (c), white portion 3680 and mark 3690 are shown.
Figure 35 illustrates about adopting another preferred implementation of the present invention of stationary coordinate and mark.Inside surface 3704 (towards the surface of catoptron and camera lens, relative with outside surface 3702) in the scanning area 101 of scanner marks mark 3710.When having a more than image acquisition equipment 3720, the parts of images of the catoptron of the observation document that is provided with such as camera lens, optical sensor, in the face of the outside surface 3702 of scanning area 101, the document of acquisition is at least in that to be positioned at zone 3750 overlapping.By adjusting 3720 visual angle, the image of mark 3720 is positioned on the inside surface 3704 of scanning area 101, be positioned between " the combination edge " of image path 3730 and 3740, and therefore not in final complete document process image.
Although shown several and alternate embodiments of the present invention, should be appreciated that under the situation of base region of the content discussing and state not breaking away from above-mentioned instructions to those skilled in the art and following claim appointment and can carry out some variation the present invention.And described embodiment only is used to illustrate that principle of the present invention is not to be used for limiting scope disclosed by the invention.
Claims (54)
1, a kind of scanner (100) that is used for obtaining to be positioned at the image of the target on the partially transparent platform (101) at least, wherein partially transparent platform (101) has first scanning area (101a) and second scanning area (101b) at least, and first scanning area (101a) of the described platform of partially transparent at least (101) and each of described second scanning area (101b) have the first edge (101a1 respectively, 101b1) with the second edge (101a2,101b2), scanner (100) comprising:
A. be suitable for luminous light source (301);
B. rotatable mirror (102) is used for receiving and reflects described light from first direction (105a) light and to second direction (105b), is positioned at the parts of images of the target on the local at least transparent platform (101) with scanning; Described rotatable mirror also is used for receiving the parts of images of the target after the scanning and to the parts of images of the target of the four directions opposite with first direction (105a) after the described scanning of (105d) reflection from the third direction (105c) opposite with second direction (105b);
C. stationary mirror (110), be positioned at described rotatable mirror (102) and at least on the light path between first scanning area (101a) of partially transparent platform (101), described stationary mirror is used for receiving the light reflect from rotating mirror (102) along second direction (105b) and to the parts of images of the described light that receives from rotatable mirror (102) of first scanning area (101a) reflection of partially transparent platform (101) at least with the scanning target, and receive the parts of images of the target after the scanning, then with the parts of images of the target of third direction (105c) after rotatable mirror reflects described scanning;
D. imageing sensor (104) is used for from the parts of images of the target of four directions after (105d) receives scanning and the output electronic signal corresponding to the parts of images of the target after the scanning that receives;
E. image processing system (120) is used for receiving electronic signal and writing down described electronic signal with digital format from described imageing sensor (104);
Wherein, described rotatable mirror (102) and stationary mirror (110) are provided so that when described rotatable mirror (102) rotates, the second direction light (105b) that described rotatable mirror (102) changes light makes in an only omnidistance rotation of described rotatable mirror (102), first edge (101a1) of the corresponding light that reflects from stationary mirror (110) along the 5th direction (105e) along first direction of scanning (A) from first scanning area (101a) scans the continuous part image of target successively to second edge (101b2) to second edge (101a2) and first edge (101b1) along first direction of scanning (B) from second scanning area (101b)
Wherein, the parts of images that described image processing system (120) will write down is here combined to form complete substantially target image, is equivalent to respectively the full scan along first direction of scanning (A) and second direction of scanning (B).
2, according to the described scanner of claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise being positioned at the collector lens (103) on the light path between described rotatable mirror (102) and the described imageing sensor (104).
3, according to the described scanner of claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the whirligig that is used to rotate described rotatable mirror (102).
According to the described scanner of claim 3, it is characterized in that 4, described rotatable mirror (102) comprises the level crossing with at least one reflecting surface.
According to the described scanner of claim 3, it is characterized in that 5, described rotatable mirror (102) comprises polygon mirror.
According to the described scanner of claim 1, it is characterized in that 6, described stationary mirror (110) comprises level crossing.
According to the described scanner of claim 1, it is characterized in that 7, described stationary mirror (110) comprises curved mirror.
According to the described scanner of claim 1, it is characterized in that 8, described imageing sensor (104) one of comprises in line sensor, area sensor and the combination thereof at least.
9, according to the described scanner of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described light source (301) comprise in laser, fluorescent tube, light-emitting diode component, tungsten lamp, halogen tungsten lamp, halogen lamp, xenon lamp and the combination in any thereof one of at least.
According to the described scanner of claim 1, it is characterized in that 10, the described platform of partially transparent at least (101), described rotatable mirror (102) and described stationary mirror (110) are arranged so that first jiao of α
1Be defined as the described platform of partially transparent at least (101) and be connected and fixed the lower limb (110b) of catoptron (110) and the light path at first edge (101a1) of described first scanning area (101a) between the angle, and described first jiao of α
1Greater than predetermined threshold α.
According to the described scanner of claim 10, it is characterized in that 11, described platform of partially transparent at least (101) and described rotatable mirror (102) are arranged so that and with second jiao of α
2Be defined as the described platform of partially transparent at least (101) and connect described first direction (105a) and the light path at first edge (101b1) of the point of crossing of described second direction (105b) and described second scanning area (101b) between the angle, and described second jiao of α
2Greater than predetermined threshold angle α.
According to the described scanner of claim 1, it is characterized in that 12, the described platform of partially transparent at least (101) comprises the platform that is made of the material of partially transparent at least.
According to the described scanner of claim 12, it is characterized in that 13, the described platform of partially transparent at least (101) comprises glass plate.
According to the described scanner of claim 12, it is characterized in that 14, the described platform of partially transparent at least (101) comprises transparent plastic sheet.
15, a kind of scanner that is used to obtain to be positioned at the image of the target on the partially transparent platform at least, wherein, at least the partially transparent platform has first scanning area and second scanning area at least, each of described first scanning area and described second scanning area has first edge and second edge respectively, and described scanner comprises:
A. be suitable for luminous at least one light source;
B. at least one rotatable mirror, be used to receive from the light of first direction and to second direction and reflect described light is positioned at the target on the described platform of partially transparent at least with scanning parts of images, receive the parts of images of the target after the scanning and to the parts of images of the target of four directions after the described scanning of reflection from third direction;
C. at least one imageing sensor is used for from the parts of images of the target of described four directions after receiving scanning and the output electronic signal corresponding to the parts of images of the target after the scanning that receives; And
D. image processing system is used for receiving electronic signal and writing down described electronic signal with digital format from described imageing sensor;
Wherein said at least one light source, at least one rotatable mirror and at least one imageing sensor are arranged so that described first direction and four directions are to limiting first jiao of 180 °-β, and described second direction and described third direction limit second jiao of 180 °+β, wherein β is the value in-15 ° to 15 ° scopes, and when described at least one rotatable mirror rotates, thereby described at least one rotatable mirror make the change of second direction of described light make only first edge of light along first direction of scanning (A) from first scanning area described in the omnidistance rotation at described at least one rotatable mirror to second edge and first edge along second direction of scanning (B) from second scanning area scan the continuous part image of described target successively to second edge
The described image processing system combination parts of images of record here is equivalent to respectively the full scan along first direction of scanning (A) and second direction of scanning (B) to form complete basically target image.
16, according to the described scanner of claim 15, it is characterized in that, also comprise the collector lens on light path between described at least one rotatable mirror and the described at least one imageing sensor.
17, according to the described scanner of claim 15, it is characterized in that, also comprise the whirligig that is used to rotate at least one rotatable mirror.
According to the described scanner of claim 17, it is characterized in that 18, described at least one rotatable mirror comprises the level crossing with at least one reflecting surface.
According to the described scanner of claim 17, it is characterized in that 19, described at least one rotatable mirror comprises polygon mirror.
According to the described scanner of claim 15, it is characterized in that 20, described at least one imageing sensor one of comprises in line sensor, area sensor and the combination thereof at least.
According to the described scanner of claim 15, it is characterized in that 21, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises the flat board that is made of partially transparent material at least.
According to the described scanner of claim 21, it is characterized in that 22, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises glass plate.
According to the described scanner of claim 21, it is characterized in that 23, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises transparent plastic sheet.
24, a kind of method that is used to obtain to be positioned at the image of the target on the partially transparent platform at least, wherein have at least the first scanning area and second scanning area, comprise step by a plurality of marginal portions described platform of partially transparent at least of qualification and the described platform of partially transparent at least:
A. the marginal portion to small part around to the small part transparent platform forms the white portion with a plurality of marks, and described each mark is arranged on the precalculated position of described white portion;
B. respectively from the continuous part image of first scanning area and the described target of the second scanning area sequential scanning, the image that one of comprises in a plurality of marks at least of each continuous part image wherein; And
Thereby c. adopt a plurality of marks image one of at least be arranged in each continuous part image to form complete substantially target image with combination continuous part image corresponding to the full scan of first scanning area and second scanning area as benchmark.
25, according to the described method of claim 24, it is characterized in that the standard basis white that suits of at least a portion in the described white portion.
According to the described method of claim 24, it is characterized in that 26, each mark in described a plurality of marks all can be discerned from described white portion.
According to the described method of claim 24, it is characterized in that 27, described employing step also comprises the step of proofreading and correct formed target image.
28, according to the described method of claim 27, it is characterized in that, obtain the step of described target image thereby described employing step also comprises the image of the image of the white portion that prunes away respectively the target image after proofreading and correct and a plurality of marks.
According to the described method of claim 24, it is characterized in that 29, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises the flat board that is made of partially transparent material at least.
According to the described method of claim 29, it is characterized in that 30, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises glass plate.
According to the described method of claim 29, it is characterized in that 31, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises transparent plastic sheet.
32, a kind of scanner that is used to obtain to be positioned at the target image on the partially transparent platform at least, wherein have at least the first scanning area and second scanning area, comprising by a plurality of marginal portions described platform of partially transparent at least of qualification and the described platform of partially transparent at least:
A. the white portion that has a plurality of marks, the marginal portion to small part around to the small part transparent platform forms, and each mark is arranged on the precalculated position of described white portion;
B. optical devices are used for respectively the continuous part image from first scanning area and the second scanning area sequential scanning target, wherein the image that one of comprises in a plurality of marks at least of each continuous part image;
C. image processing system, thus the image that one of is used for using in a plurality of marks of each continuous part image at least forms complete substantially target image corresponding to the full scan of first scanning area and second scanning area as benchmark with combination continuous part image.
33, according to the described scanner of claim 32, it is characterized in that the standard basis white that suits of at least a portion in the described white portion.
According to the described scanner of claim 32, it is characterized in that 34, each mark in described a plurality of marks all can be discerned from described white portion.
According to the described scanner of claim 32, it is characterized in that 35, described image processing system comprises controller.
36, according to the described scanner of claim 35, it is characterized in that, thereby described controller is also carried out the step that the image of the image of the white portion that prunes away respectively the image of the described target that proofread and correct to form and the target image after proofreading and correct and a plurality of marks obtains described target image.
According to the described scanner of claim 32, it is characterized in that 37, described optical devices comprise at least one imageing sensor.
According to the described scanner of claim 37, it is characterized in that 38, described at least one imageing sensor one of comprises in line sensor, area sensor and the combination thereof at least.
According to the described scanner of claim 32, it is characterized in that 39, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises the flat board that is made of partially transparent material at least.
According to the described scanner of claim 39, it is characterized in that 40, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises glass plate.
According to the described scanner of claim 39, it is characterized in that 41, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises transparent plastic sheet.
42, a kind of method that is used to obtain to be positioned at the image of the target on the partially transparent platform at least, wherein, the described platform of partially transparent at least has a plurality of scanning areas, comprises step:
A. sequential scanning is respectively from the continuous part image of the target in each scanning area of described a plurality of scanning areas; And
B. make up described continuous part image with the complete substantially image of formation corresponding to the target of the full scan of a plurality of scanning areas.
According to the described method of claim 42, it is characterized in that 43, the described platform of partially transparent at least also has a plurality of marks that are set in the precalculated position respectively.
44, according to the described method of claim 43, it is characterized in that the image that each continuous part image one of comprises in described a plurality of mark at least.
According to the described method of claim 44, it is characterized in that 45, the image that described combination step one of comprises in described a plurality of marks of employing in each continuous part image at least is as the step of benchmark.
46, a kind of scanner that is used to obtain to be positioned at the target image on the partially transparent platform at least, the wherein said platform of partially transparent at least has a plurality of scanning areas, comprises step:
A. optical devices are used for sequential scanning respectively from the continuous part image of the target in described each scanning area of a plurality of scanning areas; And
B. treatment of picture device forms basic complete object image corresponding to the full scan of a plurality of scanning areas thereby be used for making up the continuous part image that receives from optical devices.
According to the described scanner of claim 46, it is characterized in that 47, described optical devices comprise at least one imageing sensor.
According to the described scanner of claim 47, it is characterized in that 48, described at least one imageing sensor one of comprises in line sensor, area sensor and the combination thereof at least.
According to the described scanner of claim 46, it is characterized in that 49, the described platform of partially transparent at least also has a plurality of marks that are separately positioned on the precalculated position.
According to the described scanner of claim 49, it is characterized in that 50, each continuous part image comprises as one of at least image in described a plurality of marks of benchmark.
According to the described scanner of claim 46, it is characterized in that 51, described disposal system comprises controller.
According to the described scanner of claim 46, it is characterized in that 52, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises partially transparent plastic plate at least.
According to the described scanner of claim 52, it is characterized in that 53, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises glass plate.
According to the described scanner of claim 52, it is characterized in that 54, the described platform of partially transparent at least comprises transparent plastic sheet.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US51018503P | 2003-10-10 | 2003-10-10 | |
| US60/510,185 | 2003-10-10 | ||
| US60/531,249 | 2003-12-19 | ||
| US60/572,639 | 2004-05-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1864088A true CN1864088A (en) | 2006-11-15 |
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ID=37390848
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200480029361 Pending CN1864088A (en) | 2003-10-10 | 2004-10-07 | Fast scanner with rotatable mirror and image processing system |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1864088A (en) |
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