CN1862900A - Stable light source light power output apparatus with full optical fiber structure - Google Patents

Stable light source light power output apparatus with full optical fiber structure Download PDF

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CN1862900A
CN1862900A CN 200610080859 CN200610080859A CN1862900A CN 1862900 A CN1862900 A CN 1862900A CN 200610080859 CN200610080859 CN 200610080859 CN 200610080859 A CN200610080859 A CN 200610080859A CN 1862900 A CN1862900 A CN 1862900A
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resistance
light source
operational amplifier
output
ends connect
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CN100385756C (en
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张晞
张春熹
贾豫东
杨远洪
欧攀
李彦
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Beihang University
Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Beihang University
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Abstract

The invention discloses the stable light source light power outputting device with the whole light fine. It is compounded of the light source, the coupling implement, PIN detector and the signal dealing unit, the said signal dealing unit includes the I/V transitional circuit, DSP processor, D/A transitional circuit and the light source driving circuit; the light source melts with the one entering fine of the coupling, the trail fine of the PIN detector melts with the emerging fine of the coupling, the PIN detector exports the light strong current signal I to the I/V transitional circuit to conduct the circuit transition, the light strong pressure signal is exported through the I/V transitional circuit, the digital pressure signal VD is formed through the A/D transitional implement in the chip of the DSP processor, the said digital pressure signal VD is conducted by the PID arithmetic process in the DSP processor to export the digital controlling signal to the D/A transitional circuit, the D/A transitional circuit exports the simulating controlling pressure signal VA to drive the light source driving circuit, the circuit signal IA of the driving light source is produced to make the light source working in the set light power output point.

Description

A kind of stabilized light source luminous power output device of all optical fibre structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of digitlization auto light power control device, specifically, be meant a kind of drive controlling of utilizing negative-feedback principle to adjust light source, make luminous power output keep stable.The characteristic that this device utilizes the luminous power fluctuation to cause the detector photoelectric current to change, the change amount of detection photoelectric current by the drive current of circuit negative feedback control break light source, suppresses the fluctuation of luminous power, thereby reaches the purpose of stabilized light source luminous power output.
Background technology
Automated power control (Automatic power control is called for short APC) device is the important component part in the new type light source, make semiconductor laser overcome the influence of factors such as power supply fluctuation, device aging, guarantee that laser output power is stable, just must design automated power control (APC) circuit.Traditional light source control is to adopt high precise current source to provide drive current for light source, and light source is carried out temperature control, and the mode that adopts constant-current source to combine with temperature control is come light stable power.Along with the requirement of photoelectricity test precision and optical communication improves constantly, the precision and the stability of light source are had higher requirement.And traditional optical mode control is the open loop control by specified amount, because its operation principle has determined technical some insoluble difficulties that have.As:
(1) do not have to revise automatically the ability of deviation, its controlled quentity controlled variable can change along with the variation of time.
(2) disturbance rejection ability, the variation of the fluctuation of supply voltage, electromagnetic interference, load all can produce considerable influence to the power output of light source.
(3) extremely responsive to ambient temperature, under full temperature operational environment, luminous power output has very big variation, when serious, causes the system can't operate as normal.
(4) can not handle flexibly the control of light source, can't realize control safeguard measure light source.
At present most of light-operated modes that all adopt analog constant-current source to cooperate temperature control.Defective is: dynamic range is little, poor stability, control mode are single.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the device of a kind of digital auto light power control and light source control protection, light path adopts full optical fiber to connect in this device.The close-loop feedback control device always works on the stable luminous power point light source, adopts digital closed loop control mode of the present invention to improve the precision and the stability of control, has improved the dynamic range of control.
The present invention is a kind of stabilized light source luminous power output device of all optical fibre structure, be made of light source, coupler, PIN detector and signal processing unit, described signal processing unit comprises I/V change-over circuit, dsp processor, D/A change-over circuit and light source driving circuit; Go into fine welding for one of light source and coupler, a fiber welding of the tail optical fiber of PIN detector and coupler, PIN detector output intensity current signal I carries out current conversion for the I/V change-over circuit, the optical intensity voltage signal V of output after the conversion of I/V change-over circuit, A/D converter is converted to digital voltage signal V in the sheet of dsp processor D, described digital voltage signal V DIn dsp processor, carry out pid algorithm and handle back output digital controlled signal to the D/A change-over circuit, analog control voltage signal V of D/A change-over circuit output AThe driving light source drive circuit, the current signal I of a driving light source of generation AThereby, make light source works on the luminous power output point of setting.
The stabilized light source luminous power output device of described all optical fibre structure, carrying out the pid algorithm treatment step in its dsp processor has:
(A) preset 0 rank coefficient in the increment type PID algorithm q 0 = k p ( 1 + T T i + T d T ) , 1 rank coefficient q 1 = - k p ( 1 + 2 T d T ) , 2 rank coefficients q 2 = K p T d T , Preset luminous power initial value y o, in the formula, k pThe expression proportionality coefficient, T represents the sampling period, T iThe expression integral coefficient, T dThe expression differential coefficient;
(B) receive the digital voltage signal V that A/D converter is exported D, and with digital voltage signal V DWith the luminous power initial value y in the step (A) oCarry out subtraction, obtain luminous power output bias amount e (k);
(C) with the luminous power departure e (k) of acquisition in the step (B) and 0 rank coefficient q in the step (A) 0, 1 rank coefficient q 1, 2 rank coefficient q 2Take advantage of earlier and afterwards add computing and obtain increment type PID output valve Δ u (k)=q 0E (k)+q 1E (k-1)+q 2E (k-2);
(D) the increment type PID output valve Δ u (k) that obtains in the step (C) is obtained current time luminous power controlled quentity controlled variable u (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k) with previous moment luminous power controlled quentity controlled variable u (k-1) do add operation, and current time luminous power controlled quentity controlled variable u (k) is exported to the D/A change-over circuit.
The stabilized light source luminous power output device of described all optical fibre structure, its dsp processor is chosen the TMS320F206 chip, and coupler is chosen 95/5 splitting ratio coupler, and light source is chosen SLD light source or ASE light source, and photodetector is the PIN silicon photoelectric diode.
Digital auto light power control device of the present invention is compared its advantage with traditional light controlling device: (1) adopts full Optical Fiber Transmission, its good insulation preformance; (2) the disturbance rejection ability is strong, good stability; (3) digital control is adopted in negative feedback control, and control mode is versatile and flexible, and it is convenient to improve.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a light source power signal processing block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 A is the light source driving circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 B is a D/A change-over circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 C is an I/V change-over circuit schematic diagram.
Embodiment
See also shown in Figure 1ly, the present invention is a kind of digital auto light power control device that adopts full optical fiber to connect, and this luminous power control device is made of light source, coupler, PIN detector and signal processing unit.Go into fine welding for one of described light source and coupler, a fiber welding of the tail optical fiber of photodetector and coupler; PIN detector output intensity current signal is given the I/V modular converter in the signal processing unit, A/D converter is converted to digital quantity with the voltage signal of gathering in the sheet of optical intensity voltage signal in signal processing unit DSP of I/V modular converter output, carries out exporting control signal after pid algorithm is handled through DSP and gives D/A converter; The digital controlled signal that D/A converter is exported DSP is converted to analog voltage signal and exports controlled constant-current source to, produces the drive current driving light source.Control method of the present invention adopts negative-feedback principle to adjust the drive controlling of light source, makes luminous power output keep stable.The light that light source sends injects the PIN photodetector through a part behind the coupler, the fluctuation of photoelectric current can characterize the fluctuation of luminous power, to the control system deviation that causes by the photoelectric current fluctuation, carry out negative feedback control, change the drive current of light source, the just directly output of stabilized light source luminous power.
In the present invention, described light source is SLD light source or ASE light source, and photodetector is the PIN silicon photoelectric diode, and DSP chooses the TMS320F206 chip.
The light that is sent by light source in the light path of digital auto light power control device is divided into two bundles through behind the coupler by coupler, the tail optical fiber welding of the fiber of coupler and photodetector, therefore the light of importing photodetector has only carried a part of luminous power of light source output, but linearly proportional with the Output optical power of light source, so the photoelectric current in can photodetector characterizes the size of source device output optical power.
The electric current that detects in the described PIN detector satisfies i=i So+ i =gu+SP, in the formula, i SoThe expression dark current, i Expression photoelectric current, g represent photodiode in lead, u represents the voltage of bending knee, S represents the sensitivity of photodiode, P represents the luminous power imported.
In the present invention, the stabilized light source luminous power output device of all optical fibre structure, carrying out the pid algorithm treatment step in its dsp processor has:
(A) preset 0 rank coefficient in the increment type PID algorithm q 0 = k p ( 1 + T T i + T d T ) , 1 rank coefficient q 1 = - k p ( 1 + 2 T d T ) , 2 rank coefficients q 2 = K p T d T , Preset luminous power initial value y o, in the formula, k pThe expression proportionality coefficient, T represents the sampling period, T iThe expression integral coefficient, T dThe expression differential coefficient;
(B) receive the digital voltage signal V that A/D converter is exported D, and with digital voltage signal V DWith the luminous power initial value y in the step (A) oCarry out subtraction, obtain luminous power output bias amount e (k);
(C) with the luminous power departure e (k) of acquisition in the step (B) and 0 rank coefficient q in the step (A) 0, 1 rank coefficient q 1, 2 rank coefficient q 2Take advantage of earlier and afterwards add computing and obtain increment type PID output valve Δ u (k)=q 0E (k)+q 1E (k-1)+q 2E (k-2);
(D) the increment type PID output valve Δ u (k) that obtains in the step (C) is obtained current time luminous power controlled quentity controlled variable u (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k) with previous moment luminous power controlled quentity controlled variable u (k-1) do add operation, and current time luminous power controlled quentity controlled variable u (k) is exported to the D/A change-over circuit.
PID adopts incremental PID algorithm control in the dsp processor sheet, and pid algorithm can adopt the experience trial and error procedure to determine earlier, for adapting to the control requirement to different photoelectric tubes, can adopt from target-seeking advantest method under the situation that trial and error procedure achieves the goal.The incremental PID algorithm formula is deduced as follows:
y ( k ) = k p [ e ( k ) + T T i Σ k = 0 n e ( k ) + T d e ( k ) - e ( k - 1 ) T ] + y 0
Can push away, the difference equation when t=k-1
y ( k - 1 ) = k p [ e ( k - 1 ) + T T i Σ k = 0 n e ( k ) + T d e ( k - 1 ) - e ( k - 2 ) T ] + y 0
Last two formulas are subtracted each other, and can get
Δu ( k ) = k p { e ( k ) - e ( k - 1 ) + T T i e ( k ) + T d T [ e ( k ) - 2 e ( k - 1 ) + e ( k - 2 ) ] } + y 0
Order d 0 = k p ( 1 + T T i + T d T ) , d 1 = k p ( 1 + 2 T d T ) , d 2 = K p T d T
Can get Δ u (k)=d0e (k)+d1e (k-1)+d2 (k-2)
The present invention adopts increment type PID not need to add up to the center control of signal, and determining of controlled quentity controlled variable increment is only relevant with nearest three error sampled values, and the error of calculation or computational accuracy problem are less to the influence of controlled quentity controlled variable; What increment type PID algorithm drew is the increment of controlled quentity controlled variable, and the misoperation influence is little, can limit or forbid this output in case of necessity by logic determines, can not have a strong impact on the operate as normal of system; Adopt increment type PID algorithm to take less memory cell, benefit coding.
The DSP treatment circuit
Because control mode of the present invention is digital close loop negative feedback control, adopts the pid algorithm control technology, the light intensity signal that photodetector can be exported adopts the dsp operation environment to realize pid algorithm as detection limit.Basic implementation method is: 1, the optical intensity voltage signal of at first by A/D converter in the DSP sheet I/V change-over circuit being exported is converted to digital quantity; 2, utilize the DSP development environment to write the pid control algorithm module, detected digital quantity is handled, export digital control amount; 3, utilize the DSP development environment to write the control protection module, 4, the unusual fluctuations of luminous power that static, switching surge and electrical network surge are caused, take safeguard measure.Each terminal of circuit that relates among dsp processor and the present invention connects for conventional.
The I/V change-over circuit
The I/V change-over circuit is the secondary filter amplification circuit.Because the output signal of photodetector is less, there is the optical noise signal simultaneously again, therefore adopt the method for filtering amplification in the present invention, the signal that makes photodetector output is through amplifying filtering simultaneously, output voltage signal.The connection of each terminal is shown in Fig. 2 C, each terminal of I/V change-over circuit connects, the light intensity current signal I of detector output is loaded on the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U5, the output 1 of operational amplifier U5 connects with resistance R 12 1 ends, resistance R 12 other ends connect with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U6, the output 1 of operational amplifier U6 connects with resistance R 15 1 ends, the other end of resistance R 15 connects with an end of resistance R 16, the other end of resistance R 16 connects with capacitor C 8 one ends, capacitor C 8 other end ground connection; Resistance R 13 1 ends connect with resistance R 12 1 ends, resistance R 13 other ends connect with resistance R 15, resistance R 11 1 ends connect with resistance R 12 1 ends, resistance R 11 other ends connect with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U5, resistance R 14 1 ends connect with the in-phase input end 3 of operational amplifier U6, resistance R 14 other end ground connection, resistance R 10 1 ends connect with the in-phase input end 3 of operational amplifier U5, resistance R 10 other end ground connection, capacitor C 7 one ends connect with the in-phase input end 3 of operational amplifier U5, capacitor C 7 other end ground connection.The optical intensity voltage signal end of fiber-optical probe output is connected with 2 ends of the operational amplifier U2 on preceding discharge road, and the output of operational amplifier U2 is connected with the input of operational amplifier U1, and operational amplifier U1 output is connected with the DSP circuit.
The D/A change-over circuit
The D/A change-over circuit is made up of D/A converter, two-stage amplifying circuit, and the D/A change-over circuit converts the digital signal of DSP output to analog signal, and described analog signal exports controlled constant-current source to through the two-stage amplifying circuit.The connection of each terminal is shown in Fig. 2 B, and each terminal of D/A change-over circuit connects, and the digital controlled signal of dsp processor output is loaded on the input 7 of D/A converter U3, the analog control voltage signal V of D/A converter U3 output ABe loaded on an end of resistance R 8, the other end of resistance R 8 connects with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U4, the output 1 of operational amplifier U4 connects with light source driving circuit, positive termination+the 5V of capacitor C 2, capacitor C 2 other end ground connection, 1 end of capacitor C 3 one termination D/A converter U3, capacitor C 3 other end ground connection, positive termination+the 2.5V of capacitor C 5, capacitor C 5 other end ground connection, 2 ends of capacitor C 4 one termination D/A converter U3, capacitor C 4 other end ground connection, 4 ends of resistance R 7 one termination D/A converter U3, resistance R 7 other end ground connection, resistance R 8 one ends connect with resistance R 7, and resistance R 8 other ends connect with resistance R 9 one ends, and resistance R 9 other ends connect with the output 1 of operational amplifier U4.
Light source driving circuit
Light source driving circuit comprises high-precision constant flow source circuit, and light source tube core temperature-control circuit is formed.High-precision constant flow source circuit provides stable electric current output, makes light source output power stable; The thermo-sensitive resistor of light source tube core temperature-control circuit utilization stablizing tube core is operated in tube core under the stable temperature environment, makes light source works not be subjected to externally temperature influence, and power output is more stable.The connection of each terminal shown in Fig. 2 A, the analog control voltage signal V of D/A change-over circuit output AEnd connects with light source driving circuit resistance R 6, resistance R 6 other ends connect with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U1, the output 1 of operational amplifier U1 connects with resistance R 5, resistance R 5 other ends connect with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U2, the output 1 of operational amplifier U2 connects with the base stage of triode Q1, the emitter of triode Q1 connects with resistance R 1, the grounded collector of triode Q1, the other end of resistance R 1 links to each other with light source, resistance R 2 one ends connect with resistance R 1, resistance R 2 other ends connect with resistance R 5, resistance R 4 one ends connect with resistance R 5, resistance R 4 other ends connect with resistance R 6, and resistance R 3 one ends connect with resistance R 6, and resistance R 3 other ends connect with resistance R 1, wherein, resistance R 2 is the feedback resistance of operational amplifier U2, and resistance R 4 is the feedback resistance of operational amplifier U1, resistance R 1 and the resistance R 3 common feedback resistances that constitute operational amplifier U2 and operational amplifier U1.Constant-current source circuit adopts integrated transporting discharging and triode in conjunction with constituting the broadband voltage controlled current source, and light source tube core temperature-control circuit adopts the electric bridge that is made of thermistor to control the light source die temperature.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of stabilized light source luminous power output device of all optical fibre structure, it is characterized in that: be made of light source, coupler, PIN detector and signal processing unit, described signal processing unit comprises I/V change-over circuit, dsp processor, D/A change-over circuit and light source driving circuit; Go into fine welding for one of light source and coupler, a fiber welding of the tail optical fiber of PIN detector and coupler, PIN detector output intensity current signal I carries out current conversion for the I/V change-over circuit, the optical intensity voltage signal V of output after the conversion of I/V change-over circuit, A/D converter is converted to digital voltage signal V in the sheet of dsp processor D, described digital voltage signal V DIn dsp processor, carry out pid algorithm and handle back output digital controlled signal to the D/A change-over circuit, analog control voltage signal V of D/A change-over circuit output AThe driving light source drive circuit, the current signal I of a driving light source of generation AThereby, make light source works on the luminous power output point of setting.
2, the stabilized light source luminous power output device of all optical fibre structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: carrying out the pid algorithm treatment step in the dsp processor has (A) to preset 0 rank coefficient in the increment type PID algorithm q 0 = k p ( 1 + T T i + T d T ) , 1 rank coefficient q 1 = - k p ( 1 + 2 T d T ) , 2 rank coefficients q 2 = K p T d T , Preset luminous power initial value y o, in the formula, k pThe expression proportionality coefficient, T represents the sampling period, T iThe expression integral coefficient, T dThe expression differential coefficient; (B) receive the digital voltage signal V that A/D converter is exported D, and with digital voltage signal V DWith the luminous power initial value y in the step (A) oCarry out subtraction, obtain luminous power output bias amount e (k); (C) with the luminous power departure e (k) of acquisition in the step (B) and 0 rank coefficient q in the step (A) 0, 1 rank coefficient q 1, 2 rank coefficient q 2Take advantage of earlier and afterwards add computing and obtain increment type PID output valve Δ u (k)=q 0E (k)+q 1E (k-1)+q 2E (k-2); (D) the increment type PID output valve Δ u (k) that obtains in the step (C) is obtained current time luminous power controlled quentity controlled variable u (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k) with previous moment luminous power controlled quentity controlled variable u (k-1) do add operation, and current time luminous power controlled quentity controlled variable u (k) is exported to the D/A change-over circuit.
3, the stabilized light source luminous power output device of all optical fibre structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: dsp processor is chosen the TMS320F206 chip, coupler is chosen 95/5 splitting ratio coupler, light source is chosen SLD light source or ASE light source, and photodetector is the PIN silicon photoelectric diode.
4, the stabilized light source luminous power output device of all optical fibre structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the analog control voltage signal V of D/A change-over circuit output AEnd connects with light source driving circuit resistance R 6, resistance R 6 other ends connect with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U1, the output 1 of operational amplifier U1 connects with resistance R 5, resistance R 5 other ends connect with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U2, the output 1 of operational amplifier U2 connects with the base stage of triode Q1, the emitter of triode Q1 connects with resistance R 1, the grounded collector of triode Q1, the other end of resistance R 1 links to each other with light source, resistance R 2 one ends connect with resistance R 1, resistance R 2 other ends connect with resistance R 5, resistance R 4 one ends connect with resistance R 5, resistance R 4 other ends connect with resistance R 6, and resistance R 3 one ends connect with resistance R 6, and resistance R 3 other ends connect with resistance R 1, wherein, resistance R 2 is the feedback resistance of operational amplifier U2, and resistance R 4 is the feedback resistance of operational amplifier U1, resistance R 1 and the resistance R 3 common feedback resistances that constitute operational amplifier U2 and operational amplifier U1.
5, the stabilized light source luminous power output device of all optical fibre structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: each terminal of I/V change-over circuit connects, the light intensity current signal I of detector output is loaded on the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U5, the output 1 of operational amplifier U5 connects with resistance R 12 1 ends, resistance R 12 other ends connect with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U6, the output 1 of operational amplifier U6 connects with resistance R 15 1 ends, the other end of resistance R 15 connects with an end of resistance R 16, the other end of resistance R 16 connects with capacitor C 8 one ends, capacitor C 8 other end ground connection; Resistance R 13 1 ends connect with resistance R 12 1 ends, resistance R 13 other ends connect with resistance R 15, resistance R 11 1 ends connect with resistance R 12 1 ends, resistance R 11 other ends connect with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U5, resistance R 14 1 ends connect with the in-phase input end 3 of operational amplifier U6, resistance R 14 other end ground connection, resistance R 10 1 ends connect with the in-phase input end 3 of operational amplifier U5, resistance R 10 other end ground connection, capacitor C 7 one ends connect with the in-phase input end 3 of operational amplifier U5, capacitor C 7 other end ground connection.
6, the stabilized light source luminous power output device of all optical fibre structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: each terminal of D/A change-over circuit connects, the digital controlled signal of dsp processor output is loaded on the input 7 of D/A converter U3, the analog control voltage signal V of D/A converter U3 output ABe loaded on an end of resistance R 8, the other end of resistance R 8 connects with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U4, the output 1 of operational amplifier U4 connects with light source driving circuit, positive termination+the 5V of capacitor C 2, capacitor C 2 other end ground connection, 1 end of capacitor C 3 one termination D/A converter U3, capacitor C 3 other end ground connection, positive termination+the 2.5V of capacitor C 5, capacitor C 5 other end ground connection, 2 ends of capacitor C 4 one termination D/A converter U3, capacitor C 4 other end ground connection, 4 ends of resistance R 7 one termination D/A converter U3, resistance R 7 other end ground connection, resistance R 8 one ends connect with resistance R 7, and resistance R 8 other ends connect with resistance R 9 one ends, and resistance R 9 other ends connect with the output 1 of operational amplifier U4.
CNB2006100808593A 2006-05-19 2006-05-19 Stable light source light power output apparatus with full optical fiber structure Expired - Fee Related CN100385756C (en)

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CN101216502B (en) * 2008-01-18 2010-06-02 北京航空航天大学 Wave plate temperature compensation system suitable for optical fibre current mutual inductor
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