CN1862857A - Multi-acid self-humidification composite proton exchange membrane for fuel cell and preparing process thereof - Google Patents
Multi-acid self-humidification composite proton exchange membrane for fuel cell and preparing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1862857A CN1862857A CNA2005100464168A CN200510046416A CN1862857A CN 1862857 A CN1862857 A CN 1862857A CN A2005100464168 A CNA2005100464168 A CN A2005100464168A CN 200510046416 A CN200510046416 A CN 200510046416A CN 1862857 A CN1862857 A CN 1862857A
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- sulfonic acid
- proton exchange
- membrane
- composite
- exchange membrane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
This invention relates to proton exchanging film fuel battery self humidification complex film. It is self humidification complex proton exchanging film used in proton exchanging film fuel battery and its preparation method. Multiple oxometallate and solid high molecular electrolyte solution are sprayed or cast at one or two sides of t exchanging film to form self humidification complex film. The complex film made in this invention has strong self humidification effect, and its making technique is simple, material cost is low, so it can be used to self humidification proton exchanging film fuel battery which fuel is hydrogen and methanol.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells from the humidification composite membrane, specifically a kind of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell self-humidifying composite proton exchange film and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) is a kind of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that the chemical energy in fuel and the oxidant is directly changed into electric energy by electrochemical reaction.It is to be electrolyte with the solid polymer membrane with good proton-conducting, the anode that one side of film is made up of Catalytic Layer and gas diffusion layers, the negative electrode that opposite side is made up of Catalytic Layer and gas diffusion layers, be Catalytic Layer between gas diffusion layers and proton exchange membrane, pole catalyze layer provides electrochemical reaction.Anode, solid polymer electrolytic film and negative electrode three press together and constitute Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) core component---membrane electrode three-in-one (MEA), the three-in-one both sides of membrane electrode are provided with the graphite cake of gas flow channel or surface modification of metals plate (bipolar plates) back constitutes the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells monocell, and several are superimposed and constitute pile in the filter press mode to hundreds of monocells.During oxidants such as fuel such as antianode hydrogen supply or reformation gas, target supply oxygen or air, go up the generation electrochemical reaction, the chemical energy in fuel and the oxidant is converted into electric energy at membrane electrode three-in-one (MEA).
The proton exchange membrane of proton exchange membrane is the PEMFC critical component, and it directly influences battery performance and life-span.The proton exchange membrane that is used for PEMFC must satisfy following condition:
(1) has high H
+Conducting power, generally speaking conductivity will reach the order of magnitude of 0.01S/cm;
(2) under the condition of PEMFC operation promptly in battery operated temperature, under the operating potential of oxidation and reducing atmosphere and electrode, membrane structure and resin composition remain unchanged, and promptly have good chemistry and electrochemical stability;
(3) no matter film all should have the infiltration coefficient of low reacting gas such as hydrogen, oxygen at dry state or hygrometric state (full suction), guarantee that battery has high faraday (enclosed pasture) efficient; Generally speaking, the gas permeability coefficient of film＜10
-8Cm
3Cmcm
-2Sec
-1CmHg
-1
(4) a certain temperature before the film resin decomposition temperature such as vitrifying or near vitrification point, the film surface has certain viscoplasticity combine the minimizing contact resistance in order to electrocatalyst layers when the preparation membrane electrode is three-in-one and film;
(5) no matter at dry state or hygrometric state, film all should have certain mechanical strength, is suitable for the assembling of three-in-one preparation of membrane electrode and battery pack.
In fuel cell and since ion be with the state of hydrated ion by anode to cathode motion; Simultaneously, the electrochemical reaction of carrying out in the proton exchange membrane course of work is an exothermic reaction, and battery is worked under the condition of high temperature, and the moisture evaporation in the proton exchange membrane is accelerated and dewatered.And lack moisture the conductivity of film is descended rapidly,, must carry out humidification to reacting gas, so be equipped with humidification system among the PEMFC for replenishing the proton exchange membrane loss of moisture in the course of the work.And humidification system makes the volume of whole system increase, and has reduced the specific energy density of PEMFC.So,, research and develop the attention more and more widely that obtained of novel no humidifying proton exchange film material for satisfying the requirement of fuel cell technology practicability, industrialization.
Summary of the invention
In order to have broken through with the Pt/C of costliness with to be difficult to the SiO of proton conducting
2Traditional humidification mode for humidizer.The invention provides a kind of novel polyacid composite membrane with self-moistening function, by the battery performance evaluation, this composite membrane has shown the good proton ability of leading under the no humidification condition.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of fuel cell can prepare according to the following procedure with the novel polyacid compound proton exchange membrane of self-moistening function,
A) in the solid macromolecule electrolyte solution of weight concentration 1～80%, adding weight is the polyoxometallate of 10～200% solid macromolecule electrolytes, stirs, and makes composite bed solution;
B) use The tape casting, coating method or cement-dipping method are with the composite bed solution spraying or be poured into the one side or the both sides of solid polyelectrolyte membrane, form two-layer or three layers of composite membrane; Obtain required from the humidification proton exchange composite membrane.
Described polyoxometallate is meant the Cs with proton conduction function
xH
3-xBM
12O
40Compound, wherein, X=0-3, B=P, Si or As, M=Mo, W or V; Described solid macromolecule electrolyte be meant can proton conducting sulfonated polymer, as perfluorinated sulfonic acid, PAEK sulfonic acid, polyimides sulfonic acid, polyether sulfone sulfonic acid, polysulfones sulfonic acid, poly quinoline sulfonic acid, poly-phosphine eyeball sulfonic acid and/or polysilane sulfonic acid etc.; Described solid polyelectrolyte membrane can be for based on composite membrane of above-mentioned sulfonated polymer etc.
The preparation method of described self-humidifying composite proton exchange film for fuel cell, operating procedure is as follows,
A) in the solid macromolecule electrolyte solution of weight concentration 1～80%, adding weight is the polyoxometallate of 10～200% solid macromolecule electrolytes, stirs, and makes composite bed solution;
B) use The tape casting, coating method or cement-dipping method are with the composite bed solution spraying or be poured into the one side or the both sides of solid polyelectrolyte membrane, form two-layer or three layers of composite membrane; Obtain required from the humidification proton exchange composite membrane.
When in above-mentioned solid macromolecule electrolyte solution, going into polyoxometallate, can be earlier with polyoxometallate wiring solution-forming or suspension; The composite bed of spraying or cast should have good cohesiveness with solid polyelectrolyte membrane.
The present invention has compared following advantage with existing material with technology:
1. broken through with the Pt/C of costliness with to be difficult to the SiO of proton conducting
2Traditional humidification mode for humidizer.The effect of polyoxometallate is under no extraneous humidification condition among the present invention, improves the open circuit of battery, impel simultaneously hydrogen and oxygen in composite membrane in conjunction with in the hope of requirement that can moistened membrane; Simultaneously, the water sorption of polyoxometallate can also be regulated the balance of water.The compound proton exchange membrane that utilizes preparation method proposed by the invention to make has very high self-moistening function.
2. the good stability of film.The compound proton exchange membrane that utilizes preparation method proposed by the invention to make does not damage the basic unit of film; So kept the mechanical performance and the stability of original film.
3. preparation technology is simple, and cost is low.The present invention mixes polyoxometallate mutually with solid polymer dielectric film solution, The tape casting, coating method or cement-dipping method are with the composite bed solution spraying or be poured into the one side or the both sides of protonically conductive polymer film, form two-layer or three layers of composite membrane, obtain required from the humidification proton exchange composite membrane.Compound proton exchange membrane preparation technology is simple, and the cost of material is low is easy to industrialization; Can be used for the development of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells industrialization in the self-humidifying proton exchange film fuel cell.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for adding the H from the Nafion/PTFE of humidification layer composite membrane and pure Nafion/PTFE composite membrane
2/ O
2The performance collection of illustrative plates of fuel cell;
Fig. 2 is for adding the H from the Nafion212 of humidification layer composite membrane and pure Nafion212 film
2/ O
2The performance comparison diagram of fuel cell.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The aqueous solution and the weight concentration that with weight concentration is 20% phosphotungstic acid be the aqueous isopropanol of 10% Nafion by weight Nafion: phosphotungstic acid=mutually mix at 3: 1, ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 2 hours.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to Nafion212 film both sides and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.054mm.
Embodiment 2
Be 50% silico-tungstic acid ethanolic solution with weight concentration with weight concentration be the DMF solution of 10% SPEEK by weight SPEEK: phosphotungstic acid=mix at 3: 1, ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 2 hours.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to SPEEK film one side and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.052mm.
Embodiment 3
The aqueous solution and the weight concentration that with weight concentration is 40% phosphomolybdic acid be the nmp solution of 10% SPSF by weight SPSF: phosphomolybdic acid=mix at 10: 1, ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 2 hours.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to the sulfonated polysulfone membrane both sides and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.179mm.
Embodiment 4
With weight concentration 30% Cs
25H
0.5PW
12O
40Alcohol suspension and weight concentration be 10% Nafion aqueous isopropanol by weight Nafion: Cs
2.5H
0.5PW
14O
4Mix at=3: 1, and ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 2 hours.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to Nafion212 film one side and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.052mm.
Embodiment 5
With weight concentration 30% Cs
2.5H
0.5PW
12O
40Alcohol suspension and weight concentration be 10% Nafion aqueous isopropanol by weight Nafion: Cs
2.5H
0.5PW
12O
4Mix at=3: 1, and ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 2 hours.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to Nafion/PTFE film both sides and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.022mm.
Embodiment 6
With weight concentration 30% Cs
2.5H
0.5PMo
12O
40Water slurry and weight concentration be 10% Nafion aqueous isopropanol by weight Nafion: Cs
2.5H
0.5Mo
12O
4Mix at=3: 1, and ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 2 hours.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to Nafion/PTFE film one side and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.020mm.
Embodiment 7
With weight concentration 200% Cs
2.5H
0.5SiMo
12O
40Alcohol suspension and weight concentration be 80% Nafion aqueous isopropanol by weight Nafion: Cs
2.5H
0.5Mo
12O
4Mix at=1: 2, and ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 2 hours.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to Nafion/PTFE film one side and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.020mm.
Embodiment 8
With weight concentration 30% Cs
2.5H
0.5SiMo
12O
40Alcohol suspension and weight concentration be 50% Nafion aqueous isopropanol by weight Nafion: Cs
2.5H
0.5Mo
12O
4Mix at=1: 1, and ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 1 hour.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to Nafion/PTFE film both sides and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.020mm.
Embodiment 9
With weight concentration 20% Cs
2.5H
0.5PMo
12O
40Water slurry and weight concentration be 80% Nafion aqueous isopropanol by weight Nafion: Cs
2.5H
0.5Mo
12O
4Mix at=3: 1, and ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 2 hours.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to Nafion/PTFE film one side and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.030mm.
Embodiment 10
The aqueous solution and the weight concentration that with weight concentration is 40% phosphomolybdic acid be the nmp solution of 10% polysilane sulfonic acid by weight polysilane sulfonic acid: phosphomolybdic acid=mix at 2: 1, ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 2 hours.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to the sulfonated polysulfone membrane both sides and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.120mm.
Embodiment 11
With weight concentration is 60%Cs
2.5H
0.5PMo
12O
40Water slurry and weight concentration be 20% poly-phosphine eyeball sulfonic acid nmp solution by weight poly-phosphine eyeball sulfonic acid: Cs
2.5H
0.5PMo
12O
40Mix at=3: 2, and ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 2 hours.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to the sulfonated polysulfone membrane both sides and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.090mm.
Embodiment 12
With weight concentration is 20%Cs
2.5H
0.5SiW
12O
40Water slurry and weight concentration be 20% polyimides sulfonic acid nmp solution by weight polyimides sulfonic acid: Cs
2.5H
0.5SiW
12O
40Mix at=3: 2, and ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 2 hours.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to the sulfonated polysulfone membrane both sides and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.090mm.
Embodiment 13
With weight concentration is 20%Cs
2.5H
0.5SiW
12O
40Water slurry and weight concentration be 40% PAEK sulfonic acid nmp solution by weight PAEK sulfonic acid: Cs
2.5H
0.5SiW
12O
40Mix at=1: 2, and ultrasonic then (frequency: 4000 hertz) mixed in 1 hour.With spraying process this mixed solution is sprayed to the sulfonated polysulfone membrane both sides and form the proton exchange membrane that contains from the humidification layer; The thickness of film is 0.050mm.
Claims (8)
1. multi-acid self-humidification composite proton exchange membrane for fuel cell is characterized in that: can prepare according to the following procedure,
A) in the solid macromolecule electrolyte solution of weight concentration 1～80%, adding weight is the polyoxometallate of 10～200% solid macromolecule electrolytes, stirs, and makes composite bed solution;
B) use The tape casting, coating method or cement-dipping method are with the composite bed solution spraying or be poured into the one side or the both sides of solid polyelectrolyte membrane, form two-layer or three layers of composite membrane; Obtain required from the humidification proton exchange composite membrane.
2. compound proton exchange membrane according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described polyoxometallate is meant the Cs with proton conduction function
xH
3-xBM
12O
40Compound, wherein, X=0-3, B=P, Si or As, M=Mo, W or V.
3. compound proton exchange membrane according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described solid macromolecule electrolyte be meant can proton conducting sulfonated polymer, described solid polyelectrolyte membrane is the composite membrane based on above-mentioned sulfonated polymer.
4. compound proton exchange membrane according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described sulfonated polymer is perfluorinated sulfonic acid, PAEK sulfonic acid, polyimides sulfonic acid, polyether sulfone sulfonic acid, polysulfones sulfonic acid, poly quinoline sulfonic acid, poly-phosphine eyeball sulfonic acid and/or polysilane sulfonic acid.
5. the preparation method of the described self-humidifying composite proton exchange film for fuel cell of claim 1, it is characterized in that: operating procedure is as follows,
A) in the solid macromolecule electrolyte solution of weight concentration 1～80%, adding weight is the polyoxometallate of 10～200% solid macromolecule electrolytes, stirs, and makes composite bed solution;
B) use The tape casting, coating method or cement-dipping method are with the composite bed solution spraying or be poured into the one side or the both sides of solid polyelectrolyte membrane, form two-layer or three layers of composite membrane; Obtain required from the humidification proton exchange composite membrane;
Described polyoxometallate is meant the Cs with proton exchange function
xH
3-xBM
12O
40Compound, wherein, X=0-3, B=P, Si or As, M=Mo, W or V.
6. the preparation method of compound proton exchange membrane according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described solid macromolecule electrolyte be meant can proton conducting sulfonated polymer, described solid polyelectrolyte membrane is the composite membrane based on above-mentioned sulfonated polymer.
7. the preparation method of compound proton exchange membrane according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described sulfonated polymer is perfluorinated sulfonic acid, PAEK sulfonic acid, polyimides sulfonic acid, polyether sulfone sulfonic acid, polysulfones sulfonic acid, poly quinoline sulfonic acid, poly-phosphine eyeball sulfonic acid and/or polysilane sulfonic acid.
8. the preparation method of compound proton exchange membrane according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described when in above-mentioned solid macromolecule electrolyte solution, going into polyoxometallate, and can be earlier with polyoxometallate wiring solution-forming or suspension.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101320817B (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-04-14 | 山东东岳神舟新材料有限公司 | Fibre reinforced multi-layer fluorine-contained cross-linking doping ionic membrane and preparation method thereof |
| CN102479959A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-30 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Self-humidifying proton exchange film for fuel cell, and preparation method thereof |
| CN108321417A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-07-24 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of amberplex and preparation method thereof |
| CN110380060A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-25 | 江苏乾景新能源产业技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of method for preparing membrane electrode that can improve Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells low humidity runnability |
| CN111063924A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-24 | 先进储能材料国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 | Transition layer slurry for membrane electrode, preparation method of transition layer slurry, membrane electrode and preparation method of membrane electrode |
| CN116207313A (en) * | 2023-05-06 | 2023-06-02 | 苏州擎动动力科技有限公司 | Self-humidifying membrane electrode and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
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| CN1181585C (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2004-12-22 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Process for preparing self-humidifying composite proton exchange film for fuel cell |
| CN1195337C (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2005-03-30 | 清华大学 | Self-humidifying solid electrolyte composite membrane and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN1226799C (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-11-09 | 清华大学 | Solid polymer fuel cell unit and its cell stack |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101320817B (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-04-14 | 山东东岳神舟新材料有限公司 | Fibre reinforced multi-layer fluorine-contained cross-linking doping ionic membrane and preparation method thereof |
| CN102479959A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-30 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Self-humidifying proton exchange film for fuel cell, and preparation method thereof |
| CN108321417A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-07-24 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of amberplex and preparation method thereof |
| CN110380060A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-25 | 江苏乾景新能源产业技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of method for preparing membrane electrode that can improve Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells low humidity runnability |
| CN111063924A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-24 | 先进储能材料国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 | Transition layer slurry for membrane electrode, preparation method of transition layer slurry, membrane electrode and preparation method of membrane electrode |
| CN111063924B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2022-10-14 | 先进储能材料国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 | Transition layer slurry for membrane electrode, preparation method of transition layer slurry, membrane electrode and preparation method of membrane electrode |
| CN116207313A (en) * | 2023-05-06 | 2023-06-02 | 苏州擎动动力科技有限公司 | Self-humidifying membrane electrode and preparation method thereof |
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