CN1850964A - Highactive wild Chinese caterpillar fungus strain, and its fruiting body and artificial culture method - Google Patents
Highactive wild Chinese caterpillar fungus strain, and its fruiting body and artificial culture method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention supplies a high activity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus strain and the artificial planting method. The Chinese caterpillar fungus strain is GDIM_C050423 CCTCC M 206051 that could produce fruiting body with high activity material. The method includes mother strain making, first level liquid strain making, second level liquid strain making, inoculating, artificial plating and gathering. The fruiting body has the feature of rod shaped, no branch or only has short branches at the top, and tip shaped top. It has abundant nutritive value and health protection function. It contains over 39.2% cordycepic acid.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microbial technology field, relate to high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus strain and sporophore thereof and artificial cultivation method.
Background technology
Cordyceps (Cordyceps) is under the jurisdiction of Ascomycota (Ascomycota), Ascomycetes (Ascomycota), Hypocreales (Hypocreales), Clavicipitaceae (Clavicipitaceae).Cordyceps sinensis fungus is long at the medicinal history of China, and is particularly famous with Cordyceps sinensis especially, has multiple treatment and nourishing health function, enjoys great prestige at home and abroad.Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. (being called Cordyceps militaris again) (C.militaris.) in addition, cicada fungus (C.sobolifer), Cordyceps gunnii (Berk.) Berk. (C.gunnii.) etc. all have the effect that is similar to Cordyceps sinensis, and the active ingredient of part kind is than Cordyceps sinensis height (Chen Wanqun etc., 1993).
Modern scientific research shows, that various effective ingredients such as the cordycepin in the Chinese caterpillar fungus, cordycepic acid, adenosine have is antibiotic, antitumor, anti-oxidant, nourishing and strengthening vital, protect the liver beneficial lung and improve multiple efficacies such as immunizing power, and also contains the nutritive ingredient of multiclass to the human body beneficial in the Cordyceps sporophore.Along with the raising of people's living standard and quality, the demand of Cordyceps sinensis is constantly increased, to excavate year after year, wild Chinese caterpillar fungus resource day is poorer, and the ecotope of Chinese caterpillar fungus has suffered serious destruction.And up to now, Cordyceps sinensis is also failed large-scale artificial cultivation, and vicious cycle is risen the Cordyceps sinensis price year by year, fails to satisfy the growing demand of people far away.Therefore, seek new worm grass resources and carry out corresponding artificial cultivation technique research, not only can alleviate this imbalance between supply and demand effectively, and health level and the standard of living that improves China people had significance.
In the artificially breeding Chinese caterpillar fungus research in the world, the Chinese caterpillar fungus kind that can successfully produce stroma is few.As Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. (paddy Hang Seng etc., 1986), Cordyceps sinensis (Shen Nanying etc., 1981), clavate Chinese caterpillar fungus (C.clavulata Ell.et Ew) (Ye Wenlahuowa, 1982), Bu Shi Chinese caterpillar fungus (C.Brongniartii Shimazu) (Shimizu et al., 1988), Cordyceps gunnii (Berk.) Berk. (C.gunnii (Berk.) Berk.) (Liu Jielin etc., 1990), knurl seat Chinese caterpillar fungus (C.tuberculata (Lebrt.) Maire.) (Ling Jianya etc., 1999), mountain Tai aweto (C.taishanensis) (An Xiurong etc., 2003), Taiwan Chinese caterpillar fungus (C.formosana) (Li Chun as etc., 2005) etc.These tame kinds only account for the seldom part of present known kind, and all are in testing laboratory's stage.At present, have only Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. can utilize silkworm and tussah and other substratum to commercially produce, and acquisition and the more consistent sporophore of natural Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link..Therefore, strengthen the development research of new worm grass resources, expanding the new kind of artificial culture is one of strong approach that solves current worm grass resources demand anxiety.
Summary of the invention
But the purpose of this invention is to provide the new bacterial strain of high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus that a kind of artificial culture is produced the sporophore with high reactivity material composition;
The present invention also provides a kind of Chinese caterpillar fungus product innovation, is the sporophore with high reactivity material composition of utilizing this high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus strain artificial culture to obtain, and the artificial cultivation method of described sporophore.
The new bacterial strain of high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus provided by the present invention, the open-air discovery and the acquisition of employing method for tissue separation in Guangdong, this bacterial strain called after: Japan Chinese caterpillar fungus aberration in Guangdong (Cordyceps japonica f guangdongensis) GDIM_C050423, be deposited in Chinese typical culture collection center, deposit number is: CCTCC NO:M 206051, be called for short Japan Chinese caterpillar fungus aberration in Guangdong GDIM_C050423 CCTCC M 206051, this Chinese caterpillar fungus strain is through identifying, (Cordyceps japonica Lloyd) is the most approaching with Japanese Chinese caterpillar fungus, and difference is:
Strain characteristic: mycelial growth on solid medium, the base living mycelia prosperity, aerial hyphae is very few.Illumination 10 hours/day, after 3-4 days, mycelia transfers yellow gradually to.And the Japanese Chinese caterpillar fungus of bibliographical information is grown in and does not change into yellow when white hypha on the solid medium is subjected to illumination.
The sporophore shape feature: the high 5-11cm of stroma, head expands slightly, diameter 3-6mm, thick not as wild sporophore, tawny has the particulate state point to chocolate when ripe.Handle is elongated, diameter 2-4mm, brown.
This bacterial classification identifies through Protocols in Molecular Biology, comprise carry out ITS-PCR, order-checking and with Genbank in Japanese Chinese caterpillar fungus (the Cordyceps japonica Lloyd) sequence logined compare, likelihood is 98%.
By the new bacterial strain of high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus of the present invention, be that Japan Chinese caterpillar fungus aberration in Guangdong GDIM_C050423 CCTCC M206051 bacterial strain is through artificial culture, can produce the high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus sporophore with high reactivity material composition, a kind of product innovation of this sporophore has following feature:
Sporophore is bar-shaped, branch or few short branch is arranged not at the sporophore top, and tawny is to chocolate, and particulate state point or nothing are arranged at the top, and oblong is to cylindricality, rare pointed top.
The artificial cultivation method of high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus sporophore of the present invention needed through the following cultivation stage:
(1) the female kind made: starting strain is inserted aseptic adding in the rich PDA slant medium, under 20-25 ℃, secretly cultivate 10-15 days after, illumination 4-6 days, choose the bacterial classification that annesl is very fast and mycelial growth is neat, as mother's kind;
(2) the level liquid kind is made: will plant through the mother that rejuvenation is selected and be connected in the aseptic liquid nutrient medium, shaking culture 7-10 days, choose mycelium pellet size uniformity, diameter and be the 2-3 millimeter as first class inoculum;
(3) secondary production kind is made: is that 3%～10% ratio inserts in the liquid nutrient medium with the level liquid bacterial classification in V/V, cultivate by level liquid culture of strains mode, choose mycelium pellet size uniformity, diameter and be the 2-3 millimeter as secondary production kind, be used for the cultivation and production of Chinese caterpillar fungus;
(4) inoculation and artificial culture: in sterilisable chamber or Bechtop, will insert in the aseptic culture medium for cultivating through aseptic water-reducible secondary production kind, every bottle graft is gone into the 17-22 milliliter.Carry out lucifuge again and cultivated 9-14 days, treat that mycelia is covered with substratum after, carry out illumination cultivation, light intensity 400-1000Lux, relative air humidity 80-90%, 18-25 ℃, can grow fruit body primordium through 7-12 days, cultivated again 40-50 days;
(5) gather: treat that the sporophore top becomes circle, and when the particulate state point occurring, can gather.
In cultivating method of the present invention, level liquid kind and secondary production kind are made used liquid nutrient medium can adopt following prescription (by mass percentage): glucose 1%, and peptone 0.5%, Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaches powder 0.3%, yeast extract 0.3%, pH6.0-6.5.
The described culture medium for cultivating that is used to inoculate can be formulated by weight 1: 1～1.5 by rice and nutritive medium, the mass percent prescription of described nutritive medium is: glucose 1%, and peptone 0.5%, Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaches powder 0.3%, yeast extract 0.3%, pH6.0～6.5.
When carrying out the artificial culture of high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus sporophore, degenerate for preventing starting strain (original strain), also need bacterial classification to be carried out rejuvenation according to ordinary method.
The present invention all can reach purpose of the present invention through repeatedly repeating, and can successfully cultivate high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus sporophore.The foundation of good spawn culture and sporophore culture condition is the key that the present invention is achieved.
Product of the present invention, promptly high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus sporophore contains plurality of active ingredients, can be used as food applications.Below be the result and the product component content scope of it being carried out composition analysis:
| Analysis project | Detected result (mg/g) | Content range (mg/g) |
| Adenosine | 0.81 | 0.50～1.00 |
| Cordycepin | 0.15 | 0.1～0.2 |
| N.F,USP MANNITOL (cordycepic acid) | 395 | 350～450 |
The new bacterial strain of high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus provided by the invention is similar to the stroma of Cordyceps sinensis on form through the formed product of described artificial cultivation method (stroma part), have abundant nutritive value and health-care effect, wherein the content of cordycepic acid can reach more than 39.2%, is higher than other Chinese caterpillar fungus kinds far away.And product is checked through the Guangdong Prov. Disease Prevention-control Center toxicological experiment, belongs to nontoxic level material.Therefore, this worm grass product will be alleviated current worm grass resources situation in short supply, can satisfy the demand of people to Chinese caterpillar fungus better, improve people's quality of life and health level.
Embodiment:
Utilize the new bacterial strain of high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus of the present invention, promptly the process of Japan Chinese caterpillar fungus aberration in Guangdong GDIM_C050423 CCTCC M206051 bacterial strain cultivation and production high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus sporophore is as follows:
1. strain separating, preservation and rejuvenation
1.1 original strain
Original strain is open-air Japan Chinese caterpillar fungus aberration in Guangdong GDIM_C050423 CCTCC M 206051 bacterial strains of finding and adopting method for tissue separation to obtain in Guangdong.
1.2 female the kind
Original strain is inserted aseptic adding in the rich PDA slant medium, under 20-25 ℃, secretly cultivate 10-15 days after, illumination 4-6 days, choose the bacterial classification that annesl is fast and mycelial growth is neat, as mother's kind.
1.3 rejuvenation
Through repeatedly cultivation, pick out colory female the kind, in its substratum, increase the glucose of 1-2%, carry out rejuvenation.
2. bacterial classification is made
2.1 first class inoculum
To plant in the liquid nutrient medium that is connected to through sterilizing through the mother of screening, and put into a spiral wire circle, be used to disperse mycelium pellet, at 25 ℃, 140r/m, shaking culture 7-10 days.Choose mycelium pellet size uniformity, diameter and be the 2-3 millimeter as first class inoculum.First class inoculum also can be directly used in cultivation and production.Culture medium prescription (mass percent): glucose 1%, peptone 0.5%, Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaches powder 0.3%, yeast extract 0.3%, pH6.0-6.5.
2.2 second class inoculum
The ratio (volume ratio) of first class inoculum in 5-8% inserted in the liquid nutrient medium, and put into a spiral wire circle, be used to disperse mycelium pellet, cultivate, be full of whole liquid nutrient mediums to the bacterium ball and get final product by the training method of first class inoculum.Choose mycelium pellet size uniformity, diameter and be the 2-3 millimeter as second class inoculum, be directly used in cultivation and production.
3. culture medium for cultivating preparation
Rice and nutritive medium are prepared in 1: 1.2 ratio (weight ratio), seal with the polyethylene high-temperature resistant membrane, and through 121 ℃, autoclaving 40 minutes promptly can be used for inoculation after the cooling.Nutrient solution prescription is: glucose 1%, and peptone 0.5%, Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaches powder 0.3%, yeast extract 0.3%, pH6.0-6.5.
4. inoculate and artificial culture
In sterilisable chamber or Bechtop, with the dilution proportion second class inoculum of sterilized water, more diluted bacterial classification is inserted in the aseptic culture medium for cultivating by 1: 2, every bottle graft is gone into the 17-22 milliliter.Lucifuge was cultivated 9-14 days, after treating that mycelia is covered with substratum, carry out illumination cultivation, light intensity 400-1000Lux, relative air humidity 80-90%, 18-25 ℃, can grow fruit body primordium through 7-12 days, cultivate again 40-50 days, treat that the sporophore top becomes circle, and when the particulate state point occurring, can gather.
Claims (5)
1. high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus strain, it is characterized in that this bacterial strain finds and adopt method for tissue separation to obtain in the open air, this bacterial strain called after: Japan Chinese caterpillar fungus aberration in Guangdong (Cordyceps japonicaf guangdongensis) GDIM_C050423, be deposited in Chinese typical culture collection center, deposit number is: CCTCC NO:M 206051, be called for short Japan Chinese caterpillar fungus aberration in Guangdong GDIM_C050423 CCTCC M 206051, its strain characteristic is: mycelial growth is on solid medium, the living mycelia prosperity of base, aerial hyphae is very few, illumination 10 hours/day, after 3-4 days, mycelia transfers yellow gradually to; Sporophore shape is characterized as: the high 5-11cm of stroma, and head expands slightly, diameter 3-6mm, thick not as wild sporophore, tawny has the particulate state point to chocolate when ripe.Handle is elongated, diameter 2-4mm, brown.
2. high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus sporophore, it is characterized in that getting by Japan Chinese caterpillar fungus aberration in Guangdong GDIM_C050423 CCTCCM 206051 bacterial strain artificial cultures, this sporophore is bar-shaped, branch or few short branch is arranged not at the sporophore top, tawny is to chocolate, particulate state point or nothing are arranged at the top, and oblong is to cylindricality, rare pointed top.
3. the artificial cultivation method of the described high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus of claim 2 sporophore is characterized in that with Japan Chinese caterpillar fungus aberration in Guangdong GDIM_C050423 CCTCC M 206051 be starting strain, through the following cultivation stage:
(1) the female kind made: starting strain is inserted aseptic adding in the rich PDA slant medium, under 20-25 ℃, secretly cultivate 10-15 days after, illumination 4-6 days, choose the bacterial classification that annesl is very fast and mycelial growth is neat, as mother's kind;
(2) the level liquid kind is made: will plant through the mother that rejuvenation is selected and be connected in the aseptic liquid nutrient medium, shaking culture 7-10 days, choose mycelium pellet size uniformity, diameter and be the 2-3 millimeter as first class inoculum;
(3) secondary production kind: is that 3%～10% ratio inserts in the liquid nutrient medium with the level liquid bacterial classification in V/V, cultivate by level liquid culture of strains mode, choose mycelium pellet size uniformity, diameter and be the 2-3 millimeter as secondary production kind, be used for the cultivation and production of Chinese caterpillar fungus;
(4) inoculate and go out grass management: in sterilisable chamber or Bechtop, will insert in the aseptic culture medium for cultivating through aseptic water-reducible secondary production kind, every bottle graft is gone into the 17-22 milliliter.Carry out lucifuge again and cultivated 9-14 days, treat that mycelia is covered with substratum after, carry out illumination cultivation, light intensity 400-1000Lux, relative air humidity 80-90%, 18-25 ℃, can grow fruit body primordium through 7-12 days, cultivated again 40-50 days;
(5) gather: treat that the sporophore top becomes circle, and when the particulate state point occurring, can gather.
4. the artificial cultivation method of high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus according to claim 2 is characterized in that the mass percent prescription of described liquid nutrient medium is: glucose 1%, and peptone 0.5%, Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaches powder 0.3%, yeast extract 0.3%, pH6.0-6.5.
5. the artificial cultivation method of high reactivity wild Chinese caterpillar fungus according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described culture medium for cultivating is formulated by weight 1: 1～1.5 by rice and nutritive medium, the mass percent prescription of described nutritive medium is: glucose 1%, peptone 0.5%, Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaches powder 0.3%, yeast extract 0.3%, pH6.0～6.5.
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| CN1029382C (en) * | 1992-07-24 | 1995-08-02 | 陈国卿 | Method for artificially cultivating north Chinese caterpiller fungus daughter vaccine |
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