CN1847034A - 面砖和地板 - Google Patents

面砖和地板 Download PDF

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CN1847034A
CN1847034A CNA2005100034494A CN200510003449A CN1847034A CN 1847034 A CN1847034 A CN 1847034A CN A2005100034494 A CNA2005100034494 A CN A2005100034494A CN 200510003449 A CN200510003449 A CN 200510003449A CN 1847034 A CN1847034 A CN 1847034A
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image
coating
conjunction
floor
glass
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R·A·尼利
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LISTAWOOD HOLDINGS Ltd
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LISTAWOOD HOLDINGS Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种玻璃薄板，它包括第一面，第二面，一定的厚度，以及位于第二面上并且从第一面透过玻璃薄板的厚度可以看到的图象。该图象优选是升华图象，并且位于第二面上，以使观看者透过玻璃薄板的第一面可以完全看到图象。该玻璃薄板可以是大的组件或者多个更小的组件，其被定位以重新布置整个图象给玻璃薄板的观看者观看。这些玻璃薄板的典型用途包括地板或地板部件、墙壁、门、以及浴室布置。

Description

面砖和地板
技术领域
本发明涉及面砖和地板。
背景技术
现在已有在基底，如地面砖或墙面砖上印上图象的做法。这种图象易于被刮擦和损毁。为了提高印制在基底上的图象的耐磨性及使用寿命，已知的做法是在图象和基底上覆盖一层保护层。例如，美国专利No.4,452,604，美国专利No.5,188,876，美国专利No.4,232,076，美国专利No.6,025,023，美国专利No.6,482,285，美国专利No.6,000,793，和美国专利No.6,332,941都公开了多种传统方法以将图象印制到地板暴露的顶面上。这些专利公开了将图象印制到由会被磨损的材料(如塑料)制成的表面上的做法。这些现有专利中的几个专利也试图通过利用用于提高耐磨性能的专用涂层来保护图象。
然而现有技术中的所有尝试都存在缺点。例如，被添加的用于保护图象的外涂层自身也会随时间而被磨损掉。此外，所选择的基底材料易于磨损、变形、刮擦，并且基底本身和位于其上的图象易于损毁。
发明概述
根据本发明的一个方面，公开了一种地板，它包括至少一个具有底面、顶面以及一定厚度的透明部分；以及位于底面上并从顶面透过该厚度能完全看到的图象。优选地，该图象是升华的图象，并位于第二面上以利于观看者透过透明部分的第一面能完全看到图象。
根据本发明的第二方面，公开了一种面砖，它包括具有第一面、第二面、一定厚度的透明部分；以及位于第二面上的结合涂层(key coating)，用于接受印制或升华的图象。
一旦具有印制或升华的图象，面砖就可以用于地板、墙面、工作台面、厨房的防溅板上，以及游泳池中等。将图象设置在玻璃砖的背面的做法解决了长期以来的问题。也就是说，能够完全看到图象并且仍保持地板或其他外露表面上的图象的高耐久性。这基本上是通过从会受到磨损并与物体和人接触的外露表面上移去图象并将其置于基底之下来实现的。
本发明还提供一种制造面砖的方法，包括形成透明基底，给该基底涂布结合涂层，该涂层适合于将图象印制或升华到该结合涂层上或其中。
附图说明
下面将结合附图说明本发明的实施例，其中：
图1示出了体现本发明的玻璃砖；
图2(a)示出了体现本发明的玻璃砖的正视图；
图2(b)示出了图2(a)中沿2B-2B的剖面图；
图2(c)示出了图2(a)中玻璃砖的后透视图；
图3示出了体现本发明的地板的一个实施方案的正视图；
图4示出了体现本发明的另一地板，其具有多个透明部分，它们组合在一起形成图象；和
图5示出了体现本发明的玻璃地板的一个例子。
具体实施方式
下面参考图1-5，一般地，数字10表示在当前情况下由玻璃制成的透明薄板。该玻璃薄板包括第一面12、第二面14、厚度16以及图象18。图象18位于第二面14上，这样当玻璃薄板10的未示出的观察者从第一面12来看玻璃薄板10时，就可以看到并理解图象18。图象18可以透过玻璃薄板10的厚度16而看到。
为了在薄板10上形成图象，第二面14被施以了结合涂层或受体涂层，随后图象被印制到结合涂层上或是被升华入结合涂层中。用于喷墨印制图象的合适的结合涂层是基于明胶的、基于PVA的、或是适用于无孔基底(玻璃)的水性聚合物。在喷墨印制时，通常为白色的不透明层被施加到印制的图象上，例如通过印刷，如丝网印刷，或者作为乙烯基压层。
用于升华图象的合适的结合涂层或受体涂层是透明的聚氨酯或聚酯清漆或基于交联环氧的材料，其可通过丝网印刷或喷涂来施涂。在升华形成图象的情况下，优选首先在结合涂层上施涂通常为白色的不透明层，然后透过该不透明层将图象升华进结合涂层。适合用作不透明涂层的材料是同样的聚氨酯或聚酯清漆或环氧材料，并含有白色颜料，如二氧化钛，该涂层同样也可以通过丝网印刷或喷涂来施涂。使用单着色层是可能的，但会导致透过薄板看到的图象是扩散、不太清楚的。升华图象18被定向和定位于第二面14上，以便透过厚度16可以完全看到，图2a-2c最佳的阐述了这一点。
在一个实施方案中，玻璃薄板10是一种面砖，它可被用作浴室等处洗涤器具、淋浴隔室、浴室壁、浴室地板、浴盆、重点面砖的表面。玻璃薄板被贴附于墙壁上，其中第二面14被定位于最接近墙壁，由此保护图象18免受墙壁所处环境的影响。
在另一个实施方案中，地板20具有至少一个面砖形式的玻璃部分10，其具有底面14、顶面12以及厚度16。玻璃部分10包括位于底面14上的图象18，图象18能够从顶面12透过厚度16完全看到。优选地，玻璃部分10包括升华图象18。另外，在一个最优选的实施方案中，顶面12包括纹理22，其摩擦系数大于.40。该纹理22使得地板20的使用者易于在地板20上行走。另外，该玻璃部分10包括位于底面14上的衬料24以提高升华图象18的可见度。为了增强图象18的效果，衬料优选是白色的，但也可以是其它任何所希望的颜色。应用于地板时，玻璃部分优选在施加结合涂层之前回火，以使其更坚固防碎。
此外，最优选地是，地板20在顶面12上或最接近顶面的地方没有任何防磨层或防磨涂层。优选地，由于玻璃部分10的耐磨性并且升华图象位于远离地板20的行走面的底面14上，因而无须设置耐磨层。
如图5所示，地板30包括多个面砖10形式的玻璃部分，每个玻璃部分10都包括暴露面12、非暴露面14以及厚度15。另外，图象18被升华到非暴露面14上并可从暴露面12上透过厚度16而看到。在用于地板砖的情况下，任何需要被切割以适合于使用的部分，如边角，都不进行回火，因为如果那样的话将难以进行切割。
另外，如图4和5所示，相邻的玻璃部分10上的升华图象组合形成一个整体的升华的地板图象。玻璃地板30可以包括边缘32或边界32，其由向玻璃地板30提供强度和结构的其他材料构成。因此将玻璃地板30与边缘32组合在一起可以形成一个整体地板20，它具有带有升华图象18的玻璃部分10。因此地板20和玻璃地板30，把含有升华图象的非暴露面14设置在玻璃地板30或地板20与使用者相互作用面的相反面上。
面砖被制造成大的浮法玻璃的薄板，在其还热的时候，让其通过压延辊，该辊之一在玻璃上形成纹理。然后薄板被切割成面砖并回火以提高强度。接下来施以结合涂层并印制图象，并施以不透明层，或者在施以结合涂层之后施以不透明层，并且将图象透过不透明层升华入结合涂层中。面砖可作为具有结合涂层的半成品，该结合涂层准备用于印刷(例如通过喷墨印刷机)或用于升华图象。在后一种情况下，结合涂层优选还被一层不透明层所覆盖，透过该层可以升华图象。在大薄板被切割以前可以施加多个图象。
在一个最优选实施方案中，被用作玻璃薄板10或玻璃部分10的玻璃满足商业墙壁和地板应用的ANSI和ASTM标准。玻璃薄板10通过冻熔检验并耐化学物质，如普通家用清洁材料、游泳池用化学物质、盐酸溶液以及氢氧化钾。此外，玻璃表面的摩擦系数超出OSHA标准的要求，并且其断裂强度超出地板标准的700％。另外，玻璃含有嵌入玻璃中的UV抑制剂以防止图象18褪色，玻璃的厚度是1/4英寸。
按照美国面砖协会所实施的试验，该玻璃具有下述结果：
ASTM C1026：在完成15个冻熔循环之后，面砖没有任何冻熔破坏的迹象。
ASTM C1028：静摩擦系数
干＝.86
湿＝.52
ASTM C373：.37％的吸水率＝不受影响
ASTM C650：耐化学物质性
在下列情况下不受影响：乙酸3％&10％；氯化铵，100g/L；柠檬酸溶液，30g/L&100g/L；乳酸，5％；磷酸，10％；氨基磺酸，3％&10％；游泳池用化学物质＝次氯酸钠溶液，20mg/L；酸&碱＝盐酸溶液，3％&18％；氢氧化钾，30g/L&100g/L
ASTM C485：面砖的扭曲
边缘扭曲：-.02％；
对角扭曲：0.00％
ASTM C499：面砖的面尺寸及厚度
0.020英寸的平均差值
ASTM C502：面砖的楔合(Wedging)
平均楔合百分率为0.03％
ASTM C648：平均断裂强度为1.931Ibf
莫氏划痕硬度：51-滑石至10-金刚石

Claims (31)

1.一种地板，包括：
至少一个具有底面、顶面、一定厚度的透明部分；以及位于底面上并且从顶面透过该厚度可完全看到的图象。
2.如权利要求1所述的地板，其特征在于透明部分是玻璃部分。
3.如权利要求2所述的地板，其特征在于玻璃部分是玻璃面砖。
4.如前述任一项权利要求所述的地板，其特征在于顶面被施以纹理以便于在地板上行走。
5.如权利要求4所述的地板，其特征在于被施以纹理的顶面的摩擦系数大于0.40。
6.如前述任一项权利要求所述的地板，其特征在于底面具有结合涂层，图象被印制在该结合涂层上，或者图象被升华到该结合涂层中。
7.如权利要求6所述的地板，其特征在于结合涂层是透明的聚氨酯或聚酯清漆或基于交联环氧的材料。
8.如权利要求7所述的地板，其特征在于图象被升华形成，其中不透明层被施加于结合涂层上。
9.如权利要求8所述的地板，其特征在于不透明层是相同的聚氨酯或聚酯清漆或环氧材料，其含有白色颜料，如二氧化钛。
10.如权利要求6所述的地板，其特征在于图象被喷墨印制，并且结合涂层是基于明胶的，基于PVA的，或是适用于无孔基底的水性聚合物。
11.如权利要求10所述的地板，其特征在于白色不透明层被施加到印制的图象上。
12.如权利要求6所述的地板，其进一步包括位于底面上的衬料，以提高图象的可见度。
13.如前述任一项权利要求所述的玻璃地板，其包括多个玻璃部分。
14.如权利要求13所述的玻璃地板，其特征在于玻璃部分是紧接放置的玻璃面砖。
15.如权利要求11或12所述的玻璃地板，其特征在于图象组合产生整体地板图象。
16.一种面砖，包括：具有第一面、第二面、一定厚度的透明基底；以及位于第二面上用以接受印制或升华的图象的结合涂层。
17.如权利要求16所述的面砖，其特征在于结合涂层是透明的聚氨酯或聚酯清漆或基于交联环氧的材料。
18.如权利要求17所述的面砖，其特征在于图象被升华形成，其中不透明层被施加于结合涂层上。
19.如权利要求18所述的面砖，其特征在于不透明层是相同的聚氨酯或聚酯清漆或环氧材料，其含有白色颜料，如二氧化钛。
20.如权利要求16所述的面砖，其具有喷墨印制的图象并且结合涂层是基于明胶的，基于PVA的，或是适用于无孔基底的水性聚合物。
21.如权利要求20所述的面砖，其特征在于白色不透明层被施加于印制的图象上。
22.如权利要求16-21中的任一项所述的面砖，其包括位于第二面上并且从第一面透过玻璃的厚度可看到的印制或升华的图象。
23.如权利要求16-22中的任一项所述的面砖，其特征在于基底是玻璃。
24.一种制造面砖的方法，包括形成透明基底，并在基底上涂以结合涂层，该结合涂层适合于将图象印制或升华到该结合涂层上或其中。
25.如权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于结合源层是透明的聚氨酯或聚酯清漆或基于交联环氧的材料。
26.如权利要求25所述的方法，对于升华图象来说，其中不透明层被施加到结合涂层上。
27.如权利要求26所述的方法，其特征在于不透明涂层是相同的聚氨酯或聚酯清漆或环氧材料，其含有白色颜料，如二氧化钛。
28.如权利要求27所述的方法，对于喷墨印制的图象来说，结合涂层是基于明胶的，基于PVA的，或是适用于无孔基底(玻璃)的水性聚合物。
29.如权利要求28所述的方法，其特征在于白色不透明层被施加到印制的图象上。
30.如权利要求24所述的方法，其包括印制图象，并且在印制的结合涂层上施加不透明层，以使图象更易于看到。
31.如权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于不透明涂层被施加在结合涂层上，并且图象透过不透明涂层被升华到结合涂层内。
CNA2005100034494A 2004-06-03 2005-09-29 面砖和地板 Pending CN1847034A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101879838A (zh) * 2009-05-06 2010-11-10 Lg电子株式会社 装饰面板及具有装饰面板的家用电器
CN108725009A (zh) * 2013-10-22 2018-11-02 爱克发有限公司 通过喷墨生产装饰性表面
CN109644212A (zh) * 2016-08-16 2019-04-16 康宁股份有限公司 在基材上提供改进的视觉特征和任选的触感特征的方法和设备

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1022470C (zh) * 1991-10-29 1993-10-20 珠海经济特区光学产业有限公司 印刷玻璃光栅装饰板
MY110828A (en) * 1992-10-14 1999-05-31 Shihua Chen A process for making color printed glass slabs for wall and floor and the resulting product
WO1999037129A2 (de) * 1998-01-26 1999-07-29 Peter Mack Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundwerkstoffs und dergestalt hergestellter verbundwerkstoff
DE19917185A1 (de) * 1999-04-16 2000-10-19 Mueller Bauchemie Boden- und/oder Wandbelag
DE202004007762U1 (de) * 2004-05-06 2004-09-02 Tampoprint Ag Transparente oder transluzente Fliese

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101879838A (zh) * 2009-05-06 2010-11-10 Lg电子株式会社 装饰面板及具有装饰面板的家用电器
CN101879838B (zh) * 2009-05-06 2015-06-17 Lg电子株式会社 装饰面板及具有装饰面板的家用电器
CN108725009A (zh) * 2013-10-22 2018-11-02 爱克发有限公司 通过喷墨生产装饰性表面
CN109644212A (zh) * 2016-08-16 2019-04-16 康宁股份有限公司 在基材上提供改进的视觉特征和任选的触感特征的方法和设备
CN109644212B (zh) * 2016-08-16 2020-12-01 康宁股份有限公司 在基材上提供改进的视觉和/或触感特征的方法和设备

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