CN1845448A - Brushless DC motor control circuit and its power module - Google Patents
Brushless DC motor control circuit and its power module Download PDFInfo
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- CN1845448A CN1845448A CNA2006102003688A CN200610200368A CN1845448A CN 1845448 A CN1845448 A CN 1845448A CN A2006102003688 A CNA2006102003688 A CN A2006102003688A CN 200610200368 A CN200610200368 A CN 200610200368A CN 1845448 A CN1845448 A CN 1845448A
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Abstract
The disclosed control circuit for a brushless dc motor, as in 'brushless dc motor and its conversion and control method' (patent number: 200510124445.1), applies two groups of full-control bridges to reverse parallel connect on dc end, and HF insulating transformer and photocoupler to control the pulse trigger of transmission-controlled silicon.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of brushless DC motor control circuit and power model thereof, be applicable to DC power supply or from AC power and after controlled or uncontrollable rectification, controllably distribute each winding be transferred to brshless DC motor, or by winding feed back to electrical network or interchange, DC power supply is used.Particularly as China Patent No. be the change of current control and operation control use of " brshless DC motor and the change of current thereof and control method " described armature winding of 200510124445.1.
Background technology
Brushless DC motor control circuit always and power model thereof all are to adopt two-phase or three-phase inversion type circuit and control corresponding method and power model thereof basically, and the synchronous motor system of their machine operation principle and frequency control is same or similar.Even if press the system of direct current machine principle work, as China Patent No. the change of current control of " brshless DC motor and the change of current thereof and control method " described armature winding of 200510124445.1, power factor of electric network is low when also having electric operation, in feedback when operation, require high to power grid quality, the risk that inversion overturns is arranged and also have the harmonic pollution problem.In addition, play the pulse transformer that voltage is isolated in the power device circuits for triggering, bulky, also be to be integrated in the obstacle of using in the module always, the more unsafe circuit that adopts photoelectronic coupler directly to connect silicon controlled trigger electrode and anode is also arranged.Make the module of ghyristor circuit be difficult to integrated trigger circuit.But the power model that does not occur behind controlled rectification the controllable silicon of electrical power distribution function controllably or other device so far, this kind power model that has not also had pulse-triggered and control circuit integrated.Has directly the controllably power semiconductor module of electrical power distribution function, as silicon controlled module and the isolated-gate field effect transistor (IGFET) module that applies to inversion control and pulse-width modulation rectification etc.Their all be at most integrated six power devices are the circuit topology of three pairs of brachium pontis in other words conj.or perhaps.Though as a special case of the present invention, promptly when directly controllably the power model of electrical power distribution function is in theory a minimum way 3 tunnel, the circuit of module will be identical with existing three-phase full-controlled rectifier bridge module.But existing three-phase full-controlled rectifier bridge module never applies to the purpose identical with the present invention, and its shape and structure is not suitable for the purpose identical with the present invention yet.Therefore be necessary the brushless DC motor control circuit and the corresponding power model thereof that provide new.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of novel have the controllably brushless DC motor control circuit and the power model thereof of electrical power distribution function, the main circuit that it applies to DC power supply is formations such as a plurality of non-contrary electronic power switch device of leading type (contrary lead type switching device such as isolated-gate field effect transistor (IGFET) etc. then need to be connected in series diode) that directly connects electrical power distribution on dc bus such as controllable silicon, gate turn-off thyristor, integral gate turn-off SCR or power field effect pipe, field-effect transistor, isolated-gate field effect transistor (IGFET).The main circuit that applies to AC power then increases single-phase, the three-phase fully-controlled that have connected one controlled rectification and contains phased or pulse width modulation controlled or half control rectifier bridge on dc bus, or rectifier bridge and pulse-width-modulation chopper and combination thereof.As power model, it can be simple power model, also can be the module with integrated control triggering electric circuit etc.The power-switch arm number that it applies to AC power and electrical power distribution is that 3 o'clock main circuit is similar to two the antiparallel controllable silicon fully controlled bridge of dc bus modules.Pulsed triggering circuit provides the pulse-triggered power supply by the high-frequency isolation transformer of small size, and photoelectronic coupler provides pulse switch control.Pulse-triggered is separated with the control of power supply and pulse switch, to reduce the pulsed triggering circuit volume significantly, and be easier to realize higher integrated level than the pulsed triggering circuit that adopts pulse transformer, particularly be more suitable for as China Patent No. be the change of current and control use of " brshless DC motor and the change of current thereof and control method " described armature winding of 200510124445.1.
Description of drawings
The present invention is done further open in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as reversible controlled rectification main circuit topological structure figure;
Be illustrated in figure 2 as reversible chopper control main circuit topological structure figure;
Be illustrated in figure 3 as power division main circuit topological structure figure;
Be illustrated in figure 4 as installation of electronic power switch chips welding or bonding installation principle schematic in the power model;
Be illustrated in figure 5 as the interior electronic power switch chip of power model and press-fit principle schematic;
Be illustrated in figure 6 as in the power model electronic power switch chip schematic diagram of arranging;
Be illustrated in figure 7 as electronic power switch pulsed triggering circuit schematic diagram;
Be illustrated in figure 8 as electronic power switch trigger control module theory structure schematic diagram;
Be illustrated in figure 9 as the theory structure schematic diagram of net work rate module;
Be the schematic diagram of first embodiment of the present invention as shown in figure 10;
Be the schematic diagram of second embodiment of the present invention as shown in figure 11.
Wherein on 1. distributing electric power electronic power switches, 2. distributing electric power outputs, 3. anodal dc bus 4. negative pole dc bus 5. controlled rectifications under brachium pontis electronic power switch 6. controlled rectifications external DC terminal afterflow inductance 10. copped wave electronic power switches of brachium pontis electronic power switch 7. afterflow electronic power switches 8. power inputs 9. 11. electronic power switch chips 12. bus bars 13. outlet busbars 14. insulating barriers 15. binding posts 16. trigger control panels 17. potting resins 18. module housing 19. base plates 20. module centers holes 21. stage clips, 22. securing members, 23. briquettings, 24. high frequency electric sources, 25. high-frequency isolation transformer, 26. photoelectronic couplers, 27. trigger control module, 28. seal grooves, 29. sealing rings, 30. plugs, 31. sockets, 32. heat radiator fins, 33. installing holes, 34. wire holes, 35. base plate of radiator, 36. bearing blocks, 37. end cap seams
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, distributing electric power electronic power switch 1 goes to upper and lower the connection of brachium pontis formula among the figure, wherein the electronic power switch as last brachium pontis connects anodal dc bus 3, and as the electronic power switch connection negative pole dc bus 4 of following brachium pontis, middle outlet is corresponding distributing electric power output 2.Certainly, the logarithm of the upper and lower brachium pontis of the distributing electric power electronic power switch 1 here only is an example among the figure with the number of corresponding distributing electric power output 2, and it can also have other more selection.Brachium pontis electronic power switch 6 composition controlled rectification circuits under brachium pontis electronic power switch 5 and the controlled rectification on the controlled rectification, it also can be single-phase or heterogeneous certainly.As shown in Figure 1, brachium pontis electronic power switch 5 also is that T1, T2, T3 are the electronic power switch device with autonomous turn-off capacity on the controlled rectification, as integral gate turn-off SCR etc.But also can be not have electronic power switch combination of devices that the electronic power switch device of autonomous turn-off capacity adds that auxiliary breaking circuit is formed etc.Brachium pontis electronic power switch 6 also is that T4, T5, T6 are the electronic power switch device that does not have autonomous turn-off capacity under the controlled rectification, as common controllable silicon etc.Afterflow electronic power switch 7 also is that T7 is the electronic power switch device with autonomous turn-off capacity, as integral gate turn-off SCR etc.8 is power input, and 9 is external dc terminal afterflow inductance.The connection of T1 to T7 adds external dc terminal afterflow inductance 9 and has constituted the reversible controlled rectification circuit that can do pulse-width modulation rectification and pulse-width modulation inverter operation.It also has the ability that the opposing inversion is overturned except the advantage with power supply High Power Factor and low harmonic wave.Below introduce its operation logic and control method.
Pulse-width modulation rectification work: for example the highest in the A phase voltage, when C is mutually minimum, trigger T1, T6 conducting, electric current begins commutation of load is exported through T1, T6 and external dc terminal afterflow inductance 9 circuit, when pulse-width modulation operation is closed when output to needs, trigger T1 when triggering the T7 conducting and close, T6 also closes because of cutout, electric current is through the T7 afterflow, thus the cycle of opening and closing rectification output of finishing a pulse-width modulation.When the cycle is not opened in commutation and the rectification output that enters pulse-width modulation next time once more, only need triggering and conducting T1, T6, T7 is closed automatically by back-pressure or the control when adopting other device is closed.Certainly, in order to save switching device, also can save T7, afterflow work triggers by triggering and conducting T3 the time closes T1 and realizes, the afterflow of rectification circuit when closing output finished via T6 and T3.Not commutation and when next time opening the cycle once more, only need triggering and conducting T1, T3 is then closed automatically by back-pressure or the control when adopting other device is closed.The rest may be inferred by analogy for it, and the triggering control method during commutation is identical with the phase control rectifier mode, do not paint circuit working Principle of Process figure in addition.
Pulse-width modulation inversion work: because as China Patent No. be 200510124445.1 " brshless DC motor and the change of current thereof and control method " when described motor has generator operation output voltage change polarity but the constant characteristics of the sense of current, just in time can allow former controlled rectification circuit directly enter the inversion operating state by changing triggering or drive controlling logic.To same for example the highest in the A phase voltage, when C is mutually minimum, trigger T4, T3 conducting, inverter current exports AC power or electrical network to through T4, T3 and external dc terminal afterflow inductance 9 circuit feedbacks, when pulse-width modulation operation is closed when output to needs, trigger T3 when triggering the T7 conducting and close, T4 also closes because of cutout, electric current is through the T7 afterflow, thus the cycle of opening and closing inversion output of finishing a pulse-width modulation.When the cycle is not opened in commutation and the inversion output of carrying out pulse-width modulation next time once more, need in triggering and conducting T4, T3 conducting, trigger and close T7.Certainly, in order to save switching device, also can save T7, afterflow work triggers by triggering and conducting T1 the time closes T3 and realizes, the afterflow of inverter circuit when closing feedback output finished via T1 and T4.Not commutation and when carrying out inversion next time output once more and opening the cycle, need trigger in triggering and conducting T3 and close T1, inverter current exports AC power or electrical network to through T4, T3 and external dc terminal afterflow inductance 9 circuit feedbacks again.The rest may be inferred by analogy for it, and the triggering control method during commutation is identical with phased inversion, do not paint circuit working Principle of Process figure in addition.The change of current overvoltage absorption plant of AC side and filter etc. are not drawn.
Adopt afterflow electronic power switch 7, the benefit that also is T7 is to control simple relatively but need to increase the cost of an electronic power switch, and power consumption has reduced the afterflow loss of an electronic power switch during afterflow.What need further specify is: brachium pontis electronic power switch 6 and can keep the afterflow electronic power switch 7 that also can cancel under brachium pontis electronic power switch 5 and the controlled rectification on all distributing electric power electronic power switches 1 and the controlled rectification, can adopt the electronic power switch device that can independently turn-off, also can adopt the electronic power switch device that can not independently turn-off.But for realizing pulse-width modulation rectification and inversion, at least needing on the controlled rectification has a side to have autonomous turn-off capacity in the brachium pontis electronic power switch 6 under brachium pontis electronic power switch 5 and the controlled rectification, and operation principle was identical and performance is better when both sides had autonomous turn-off capacity.Simultaneously, all devices are should right and wrong contrary leads type, as adopts contrary device of leading type then need be connected in series diode to lead by contrary.In addition, distributing electric power electronic power switch 1 adopts the electronic power switch device that can independently turn-off, and will improve the startup and the low cruise performance of motor, and the ability of opposing commutation failure.
Compared to Figure 1 circuit is to have increased on the dc bus copped wave electronic power switch 10 in the difference on the topological structure as shown in Figure 2, use as the chopper control device, brachium pontis electronic power switch 6 adopts the electronic power switch device that does not have autonomous turn-off capacity under brachium pontis electronic power switch on the controlled rectification 5 and the controlled rectification even it makes, as controllable silicon or diode, also can realize pulse-width modulation rectification, inversion or irreversible pulse-width modulation rectification respectively.Operation principle is not given unnecessary details to aforementioned similar.But irreversible pulse-width modulation rectification does not need afterflow electronic power switch 7 to have autonomous turn-off capacity.All do not draw the filter of interchange input side etc. shown in Fig. 1,2 in the circuit.
As shown in Figure 3, be simple by distributing electric power electronic power switch 1 and anodal dc bus 3, negative pole dc bus 4, centre is the distributing electric power circuit of corresponding distributing electric power output 2 compositions.It is separated the change of current and the variable voltage control control of motor as module the time.
Circuit and distortion thereof can be used as control main circuit of the present invention and adopt when forming motor speed regulation system as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, also can and connect circuit with its electronic power switch device and make power model and use.Make power model and will make things convenient for the present invention to be used to make buncher, following power model will adopt this circuit to connect electronic power switch chip or device in inside.
As shown in Figure 4, in the power model distributing electric power electronic power switch 1 with and controlled rectification on brachium pontis the electronic power switch 6 and electronic power switch chip 11 that can keep the afterflow electronic power switch 7 that also can cancel weld routinely or adopts bonding technology to be installed on the base plate 19 of power model under brachium pontis electronic power switch 5 and the controlled rectification, and weld with bus busbar 12, outlet busbar 13 or the bonding realization is electrically connected.Potting resin 17 can be single resin, also can be the mixing and or the combination of other resin.20 is the module centers hole, and it can be the electric motor fan axis hole, also can be ventilation hole.During as ventilation hole, electric motor fan is arranged between power model and the electric motor end cap, does not draw in addition.
As shown in Figure 5, in the power model distributing electric power electronic power switch 1 with and controlled rectification under brachium pontis electronic power switch 5 and the controlled rectification brachium pontis electronic power switch 6 and the electronic power switch chip 11 that can keep the afterflow electronic power switch 7 that also can cancel by press-fiting process Installation on the base plate 19 of silicon controlled module, securing member 22 wherein is crimped on bus busbar 12, outlet busbar 13 on the electronic power switch chip 11 by stage clip 21, briquetting 23, and realization electronic power switch chip 11 is electrically connected with bus busbar 12, outlet busbar 13.As for the trigger electrode of electronic power switch chip 11 lead-in wire, then can be welding, bonding, even also can adopt technology such as crimping to realize and being electrically connected of trigger electrode.Potting resin 17 can be single resin, also can be the mixing and or the combination of other resin.
As shown in Figure 6, in the power model distributing electric power electronic power switch 1 with and controlled rectification on the brachium pontis electronic power switch 6 and the floor plan schematic diagram that can keep the electronic power switch chip 11 of the afterflow electronic power switch 7 that also can cancel under brachium pontis electronic power switch 5 and the controlled rectification, certainly, it can also promising thermal source be evenly distributed other arrange, also can be such as distribution of making rectangle or other geometry and arrangement etc.
As shown in Figure 7, for reducing the volume of power model, many and bulky in particular for quantity in the replacement triggering control board 16, She Ji pulse transformer routinely, the high-frequency ac power of the isolation that high-frequency isolation transformer 25 transmission pulses of the small size of taking need, through after the rectification accumulation of energy more directly or amplify output control through switch triode and touch in the power model on the distributing electric power electronic power switch 1 and controlled rectification under the brachium pontis electronic power switch 5 and controlled rectification brachium pontis electronic power switch 6 and can keep the afterflow electronic power switch 7 that also can cancel via photoelectronic coupler 26.Press circuit shown in Fig. 1 or 2,17 or 18 tunnel outputs should be arranged, only drawn 2 the tunnel among the figure as signal, wherein one the tunnel is that single supply triggers, another road is that positive and negative duplicate supply triggers, and only drawn single level type, and same principle certainly is popularized and applied to the circuits for triggering of many level type.They are adapted to trigger gate turn-off thyristor, integral gate turn-off SCR etc. and open to trigger and use positive pulse, close the situation that triggers the usefulness negative pulse.Certainly, the design of this circuits for triggering has been equally applicable to the controlled rectification bridge module of power device circuits for triggering integrated, also is applicable to independent power device circuits for triggering plate.For example in module of the present invention, power device circuits for triggering plate also can encapsulate separately, and leans against installation privately with silicon controlled module, or embedded installation, as Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9.
Be illustrated in figure 8 as electronic power switch trigger control module theory structure schematic diagram, the trigger control module 27 of encapsulation contains power device circuits for triggering plate 16 separately, and be provided with the plug 30 that is electrically connected with the silicon controlled module realization, realize the seal groove 28 and sealing ring 29 of mechanical seal.Fastener is not drawn.
Be illustrated in figure 9 as the theory structure schematic diagram of net work rate module, it does not contain power device circuits for triggering plate 16, but be provided with space that silicon controlled trigger control module 27 is installed and the socket 31 that is electrically connected with 27 realizations of power device trigger control module thereof, realize the seal groove 28 of mechanical seal.Fastener is not drawn.
Be one embodiment of the present of invention as shown in figure 10, it be one with silicon controlled module and the incorporate scheme of radiator, it is the good method of contact heat resistance between cancellation module and the radiator, wherein 32 is heat radiator fin, 33 is installing hole, and 34 is wire hole, and 35 is base plate of radiator.This structure is for the electric motor fan axle passes module, and fan is beyond module and end cap and design.In fact also can be designed to the structure of fan between module and end cap, the module centers hole 20 of this moment needs bigger aperture as ventilation hole.The structure of fan between module and end cap makes module have vibration isolation ability preferably, and the structure of module is also similar with Figure 10, not drawing illustrate in addition.
Be second embodiment of the present invention as shown in figure 11, it is one, and wherein 36 is bearing pedestal with silicon controlled module and the incorporate scheme of electric motor end cap, and 37 is the end cap seam, and it is the rotor-exciting power supply that the high frequency resolver can also be installed by bearing pedestal 36 places.This scheme has the benefit of contact heat resistance between cancellation module and the radiator, and can reduce the total cost of motor, but also makes module be subjected to the influence of electromechanics and electric and magnetic oscillation simultaneously, perhaps only is fit to more small-sized motor.Can also be furnished with the motor axial ventilation hole on the end cap, the winding connection terminal also can have a lid etc., does not all draw among the figure.Similar with the theory structure that power model shown in Fig. 8,9 separates with trigger control module, their trigger control module also can adopt absolute construction.
Functional device that can also be integrated in the module such as adjuster, processor, high frequency electric source etc., wherein can be with excitation and the shared high frequency electric source of trigger impulse, a benefit will be arranged: adopt and transfer pulsewidth to transfer exciting voltage can't cause the change of the trigger impulse supply voltage of process commutation capacitor accumulation of energy filtering, but when the high frequency electric source fault caused the motor loss of excitation, controlled rectification also had been turned off.Other design is conventional design, does not describe one by one at this.In addition, the inner encapsulation of power model is to adopt electronic power switch chip or electronic power switch device, can do selection as the case may be.For example, for the integral gate turn-off SCR, when claiming integral gate change type thyristor (IGCT) again, because the complex structure of integral gate relates to a lot of patents simultaneously, it is integrated more more convenient possibly than adopting chip to do secondary to adopt device.
Claims (7)
1. brushless DC motor control circuit and power model thereof, be applicable to AC power is controllably distributed each winding that is transferred to brshless DC motor behind controlled rectification, or feed back to electrical network or AC power by winding and use, it is characterized in that distributing electric power electronic power switch 1 connects into upper and lower bridge arm, respectively with anodal dc bus 3, negative pole dc bus 4, power distribution output 2 connects, on the controlled rectification under brachium pontis electronic power switch 5 and the controlled rectification brachium pontis electronic power switch 6 be connected with power input 8, though and to have a side at least in the brachium pontis electronic power switch 6 under brachium pontis electronic power switch 5 and the controlled rectification on the controlled rectification be that the electronic power switch device with autonomous turn-off capacity comprises not having autonomous turn-off capacity to comprise the electronic power switch combination of devices of assisting breaking circuit.
2. brshless DC motor power controlling module, be applicable to DC power supply or from AC power and after controlled or uncontrollable rectification, controllably distribute each winding that is transferred to brshless DC motor, or feed back to electrical network or interchange by winding, DC power supply is used, it is characterized in that distributing electric power electronic power switch 1 connects into upper and lower bridge arm, respectively with anodal dc bus 3, negative pole dc bus 4, power distribution output 2 connects, though and on dc bus, be connected with the copped wave effect with or the electronic power switch device with autonomous turn-off capacity of afterflow effect comprise not having autonomous turn-off capacity to comprise the electronic power switch combination of devices of assisting breaking circuit.
3. brshless DC motor power controlling module, be applicable to DC power supply or from AC power and after controlled or uncontrollable rectification, controllably distribute each winding that is transferred to brshless DC motor, or by winding feed back to electrical network or interchange, DC power supply is used, it is characterized in that electronic power switch chip or device connect by upper and lower bridge arm formula circuit topological structure in module, and module centers is provided with a module centers hole 21.
4. according to the invention of claim 3 defined, be applicable to DC power supply or from AC power and after controlled or uncontrollable rectification, controllably distribute each winding that is transferred to brshless DC motor, or by winding feed back to electrical network or interchange, DC power supply is used, it is characterized in that the heat radiator fin 32 in the module circumferentially is connected on the base plate of radiator 35, and module centers is provided with a module centers hole 21.
5. according to the invention of claim 3 defined, it is characterized in that module centers is provided with a bearing saddle bore 31 and is provided with end cap seam 32 at periphery.
6. the multichannel insulation triggering circuit plate of a power device and circuits for triggering module, form by high-frequency isolation transformer 25, rectification energy storage circuit, photoelectronic coupler 26 etc., each road output winding of high-frequency isolation transformer 25 that it is characterized in that its circuits for triggering is connected with the rectification energy storage circuit respectively, and the circuit of rectification energy storage circuit and photoelectronic coupler 26 is connected to form multichannel isolation pulse-triggered power supply.
7. according to the invention of claim 6 defined, be applicable to brushless DC motor control circuit and power model thereof, it is characterized in that the silicon controlled circuits for triggering are connected with the rectification energy storage circuit by each road output winding terminal of high-frequency isolation transformer 25, and direct or export the trigger electrode of electronic power switch chip or device to through the switching tube amplification via photoelectronic coupler 26.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006102003688A CN1845448A (en) | 2006-04-20 | 2006-04-20 | Brushless DC motor control circuit and its power module |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006102003688A CN1845448A (en) | 2006-04-20 | 2006-04-20 | Brushless DC motor control circuit and its power module |
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| CN1845448A true CN1845448A (en) | 2006-10-11 |
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| CNA2006102003688A Pending CN1845448A (en) | 2006-04-20 | 2006-04-20 | Brushless DC motor control circuit and its power module |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107395033A (en) * | 2017-09-09 | 2017-11-24 | 孙崇山 | Novel rectifying circuit and idle method for transformation |
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2006
- 2006-04-20 CN CNA2006102003688A patent/CN1845448A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107395033A (en) * | 2017-09-09 | 2017-11-24 | 孙崇山 | Novel rectifying circuit and idle method for transformation |
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