CN1845211A - PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system - Google Patents
PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1845211A CN1845211A CN 200610026641 CN200610026641A CN1845211A CN 1845211 A CN1845211 A CN 1845211A CN 200610026641 CN200610026641 CN 200610026641 CN 200610026641 A CN200610026641 A CN 200610026641A CN 1845211 A CN1845211 A CN 1845211A
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Abstract
A PIC singlechip pilot system consists of PIC singlechip, display module connecting with the said PIC singlechip, keyboard module, motor-driven displaying model, bus type digital temperature sensor module, serial communication module (synchronous /asynchronous ) and data memory module. The invention adopts an object-facing solution scheme and an open experimental concept on the base of development pilot system containing PIC singlechip kernel, on the hand, various engineers can constitute various actual applied systems very breezily and can adopt simple plug attended mode to form unique and personalized design approach according to their own design circuits; on the other hand, the learners can actively take part in the whole experimental procedure and can spend more time and intelligence on the system design and software development, which can largely improve the operating efficiency. Therefore, the invention provides a selector scheme which can be used for PIC teaching experiment and carries out the PIC singlechip pilot system which can be programmed and adjusted function on-line.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of PIC one-chip computer developing system designing technique, specifically, be meant a kind of PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system.
Background technology
PIC single-chip microcomputer (Peripheral Interface Controller) is a kind of integrated circuit that goes control peripheral devices (IC) that is used for developing.A kind of CPU (central processing unit) with peptizaiton (multitask) function.
The PIC The application of single-chip computer is compared with traditional MCS-51 series monolithic with exploitation and also is in the starting stage, PIC microcomputer development experimental system function is perfect not enough, particularly in the teaching of PIC single chip computer experiment, often make the student be in more imitation, follow the prescribed order and the situation of passive-type experiment such as replication experiment, often passive experiment, the space and the content that cause leaving for student's design and innovation are more limited.
Therefore, how change the instructional mode of PIC single chip computer experiment by a kind of novel PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system, become imitation, follow the prescribed order, from replication experiment to the innovation autonomy-oriented, also promptly from the replication experiment content to explorative and designability independent assortment, to improve the participation and the experimental interests of student experimenting, cultivate the raising of student's independent design ability and application and development technical ability, be one of the applicant's content of endeavouring to study.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of can the adaptation from the basic verification of PIC single-chip microcomputer and tests exploitation expansion, systematicness experiment, for student's Application and Development and innovative design provide a multi-functional experiment porch, be implemented in the PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system of sequence of threads Design and Features debugging.
A kind of PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system provided by the present invention, comprise PIC single-chip microcomputer, the display module, the Keysheet module that link to each other with described PIC single-chip microcomputer, it is characterized in that: it also comprises motor demonstration module, bus type digital temperature sensor module, serial (synchronous/asynchronous) communication module and the data-carrier store module that links to each other with described PIC single-chip microcomputer, wherein: the motor demonstration module, the driving loop that it comprises motor and is attached thereto is used to realize normal operation, rotating operation and the PWM speed governing of motor; Bus type digital temperature sensor module, the programmable one-wire bus formula of its configuration resolution digital temperature sensor is used to gather environment temperature, forms a temperature monitor with degree of precision; Serial communication module, its combination have serial synchronously and the asynchronous communication module, are used to realize the direct communication with the computing machine serial port; The data-carrier store module, it comprises and can be used for the quick access of data by the data-carrier store of the outer expansion of parallel mode.
In above-mentioned PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system, display module comprises that some kinds are connected to the display module that is combined to form on the described PIC single-chip microcomputer.
In above-mentioned PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system, the some kinds of display modules that are combined to form comprise: several LED light emitting diodes, some positions eight hop count sign indicating number static displays, some positions eight hop count sign indicating number dynamic displays, LCD LCDs, lattice module.
In above-mentioned PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system, Keysheet module comprises that some kinds are connected to the keyboard that is combined to form on the described PIC single-chip microcomputer.
In above-mentioned PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system, the keyboard that is combined to form comprises: form matrix form and realize the input of system data and the 16 key board function keys of carrying out the function key definition; Can be defined as the quadruple linkage dish of control function key according to the needs of system design temporarily.
In above-mentioned PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system, serial communication module is to realize direct communication with the computing machine serial port by the RS-232 mode.
Owing to adopted above-mentioned technical solution, that is: nuclear control is developed on the experimental system in comprising the PIC single-chip microcomputer, adopt object-oriented formula solution, experiment theory with style of opening, all kinds of engineering technical personnel can constitute all kinds of real application systems very like a cork on the one hand, according to self-designed circuit, adopt simply to patch connected mode, can form uniqueness and personalized design proposal, the processing of need not making a plate again, circuit welding and the hardship of fixing a breakdown; The personnel of learning can participate in whole experiment on one's own initiative on the other hand, and more time and intelligence and wisdom, are used for the design and the software development of system, will greatly increase work efficiency.Therefore, the present invention provides a selection scheme that can be used for single chip computer teaching experiment, is implemented in the PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system of sequence of threads Design and Features debugging for teaching.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation block diagram of PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is one of display module among the present invention, the synoptic diagram of 8 LED light emitting diode connection lines;
Fig. 3 is two, 8 eight a hop count sign indicating number static display mode of connection synoptic diagram of display module among the present invention.
Fig. 4 is three, 3 eight a hop count sign indicating number dynamic display mode of connection synoptic diagram of display module among the present invention;
Fig. 5 be among the present invention display module four, lattice module connection line synoptic diagram;
Fig. 6 is one of Keysheet module among the present invention, matrix integral keyboard connection line synoptic diagram;
Fig. 7 be among the present invention Keysheet module two, free-standing keyboard connection line synoptic diagram;
Fig. 8 is a motor demonstration module connection line synoptic diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the connection line synoptic diagram of bus type digital temperature sensor module among the present invention;
Figure 10 is one of data-carrier store module among the present invention, parallel growth data storer connection line synoptic diagram;
Figure 11 be among the present invention the data-carrier store module two, serial growth data storer connection line synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
The overall thought of PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system of the present invention is: make up a developing experimental situation, adopt modular frame, make the student can participate in whole experiment on one's own initiative, comprise the basic experiment exploitation content of PIC single-chip microcomputer first course like this, can implement the comprehensive experimental development system of PIC single-chip microcomputer honors again, for the student leaves the leeway of giving full play to and the technology space of innovation.
As shown in Figure 1, PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system of the present invention comprises PIC single-chip microcomputer 7, the display module 1 that links to each other with described PIC single-chip microcomputer 7, Keysheet module 2, motor demonstration module 3, bus type digital temperature sensor module 4, serial (synchronous/asynchronous) communication module 5 and data-carrier store module 6.
The present invention is divided into two parts, i.e. basic experiment part and expansion experimental section.
One, in order to finish the experiment of PIC single-chip microcomputer basic instruction set, the present invention's combination has basic demonstration and keypad function module, by these modules, finishes the replication experiment example of basic routine.
1. display module
Experimental system combination has multiple display module, comprising: 8 LED light emitting diodes, 8 figure place sign indicating numbers, eight n segment display ns (the static demonstration), 2 figure place sign indicating numbers, eight n segment display ns (dynamically showing), LCD LCDs (16 character), 8 * 8 dot matrix etc.
1) as shown in Figure 2,8 LED light emitting diodes are connected to PIC single-chip microcomputer (model is PIC16F877) 7 by an electric wire connecting junction 11, it generally can be used for the information output window of the debugging or the special functional module debugging of elementary instruction program, the ruuning situation of indirect observation and evaluate application.This module is made up of the LED light emitting diode of 8 routines, and these 8 LED light emitting diodes are connected to become opening positive logic light working method.
8 LED light-emitting diode (LED) modules have using value more widely in the debugging of study PIC scm software instruction and the initial stage of functional analysis.Can bear some basic experiment contents according to teaching process, comprise: automatic and manual count shows, height 4 alternations demonstrations, single lamp FLOW VISUALIZATION and horse race lamp demonstrations etc.
2) as shown in Figure 3,8 eight hop count sign indicating number static displays are applicable to general application scenario, and purpose is in order to liberate and save the working time of singlechip CPU.Have several different methods can constitute static multidigit eight hop count sign indicating number displays, the transmission of data message can be the chip displacement realization data synchronization driving of 74LS164 through model by SPI (serial peripheral interface) serial communication.The advantage of this selection scheme is that it is static drive that digital numeral shows, just needn't not carry out refreshing of data message when its data change, and can effectively save the work period of computing machine, in the control very strong advantage is being arranged in real time.
3) as shown in Figure 4,3 eight hop count sign indicating number dynamic displays, data message drives by position control selection mode.Adopt the advantage of this selection scheme to be that the digital driving components and parts that show are fairly simple, but data refresh even without the dynamic circulation that also must carry out data message that changes.
4) the LCD LCD adopts general YEJHD161A series 1 * 16 character product, character pattern 5 * 8, type of drive 1/16D, band LED-backlit source.
5) as shown in Figure 5,8 * 8 lattice module, the inner structure of lattice module is very simple, mainly adopts ranks parallel lines layout type, and the alignment staggered place of being expert at embeds a LED light emitting transistor.
In fact the driving of lattice module is exactly the scanning process that a dynamic character content shows, can adopt row or column to carry out scan round, the pairing digital coding of character relevant with the row, column scan mode (each character all has the data volume of 8 bytes).
2. Keysheet module
As interactive main body, keyboard is the most common parts in an experimental system or the application development system.General keyboard all can constitute 2 quasi-modes: a kind of is the box-like keyboard of matrix group, commonly used optional 4 * 4 or 2 * 8 etc., and the I/O interface line of input is less and more keyboard can be set; Another kind is free-standing keyboard, and the quantity of interface line equates with the keyboard number.
As shown in Figure 6, the matrix integral keyboard is that use is more extensive in application system, and is commonly used as numerical key and function key, in concrete experiment, both can be defined as conventional 0～F numerical key, can be defined as part numerical key and partial function key according to user's special requirement again.Interconnect structures and simple and easy dot matrix display module are similar substantially, also are to adopt ranks parallel lines layout type, and the alignment staggered place of being expert at embeds a button, as shown in Figure 6.
The use of stand alone type keyboard is more random, and is general as the input of certain signal or the setting of function.The present invention disposes 4 this type of buttons, and the line connection of each key as shown in Figure 7.The setting of stand alone type keyboard operation level is such: button is under the normal condition, and drawing binding post outward is low level, and after pressing lower keyboard, drawing binding post outward is high level.By judging the level state of binding post, can easily obtain the working condition of button just.
Two, in order to finish PIC single-chip microcomputer functional experiment and peripheral expansion experiment, the present invention is according to the experiment demand of PIC single-chip microcomputer, combination has multiple functional module, by these modules, can make up and finish the experiment example of many comprehensive, designabilitys and application.
1. motor demonstration module
The motor demonstration module is that the small-sized DC that can carry out forward and reverse running is electronic, drives operating voltage 9V, is directed to the rectification primary voltage.This module mainly is to cooperate the PWM modulation system, and it is an embedded very important CCP (seizure, comparison and the width modulation) function of PIC16F877 single-chip microcomputer, can be applicable to much control application.PWM modulation is exactly by adjusting the dutycycle of output pulse signal, realizes motor etc. is carried out speed adjustment and variation, and the dutycycle of general output pulse signal (just pulsewidth) is big more, and motor operation speed is fast more.The present invention has a small size motor, controls forward and reverse running that can realize motor by a relay, and control circuit as shown in Figure 8.
2. bus type digital temperature sensor module
Bus type digital temperature sensor module adopts the DS18B20 digital temperature sensor of the up-to-date release of U.S. DALLAS company, address wire, data line and control line are combined into the signal wire of a bi-directional transfer of data, allow on this root signal wire, to articulate a plurality of DS18B20 chips.The sensor of this novelty can carry out initialization by simple programmed method according to actual requirement, can one second less than time in temperature value is transformed 9 to 12 digital quantity.DS18B20 has comparatively broad linear temperature measurement range :-55 ℃～+ 125 ℃, and measuring accuracy is ± 0.5 ℃ in-10～+ 85 ℃ of scopes, 0.0625 ℃ of resolution.In addition, DS18B20 has non-volatile upper and lower limit temperature alarming function, and the user only needs that high temperature is set in initialize routine, mode is not lost in the power down of low-temperature warning temperature.
DS18B20 adopts the distinctive one-wire bus communication protocol of DALLAS company (to be similar to I
2C communication), only just can realize and the communicating by letter and the data transmission of CPU with a data line.Scene temperature directly with the digital form transmission of " one-wire bus ", is carried address information separately, has significantly reduced the cable count of system, has improved the stability and the anti-interference of system, and the scene temperature that is suitable for rugged surroundings is measured.Its working power both can be introduced at far-end, also can adopt the parasite power mode to produce; A plurality of DS18B20 can be parallel on 3 or 2 lines, and CPU only needs a root port line just can communicate by letter with many DS18B20, and the port that takies microprocessor is less, can save a large amount of lead-in wires and logical circuit.Every DS18B20 can be arranged to two kinds of power supply modes, and promptly data bus power supply mode and externally fed mode take the data bus power supply mode can save a lead, but it is longer to finish the thermometric time; Take the externally fed mode then many, but measuring speed is very fast with a lead.Above characteristics are very suitable in the remote multi-point temp detection system DS18B20.As: environment control, equipment or process control, thermometric class consumption electronic product etc.Correspondence and traditional concept, the sensor that this triode is the same is equivalent to traditional: temperature sensor+digitizing+CPU+ bus protocol and interface.With last generation product different, the voltage range of new product support 3V～5.5V make system design more flexible, convenient, and new generation product is more cheap, volume is littler.
DS18B20 has two kinds of power supply modes: parasite power pattern and external power source pattern.Application under the external power source pattern, hardware circuit are as shown in Figure 9.
3. data-carrier store module
The present invention's expansion has 2 class 64KB data-carrier stores, and a kind of is the data-carrier store HM628128 that adopts the parallel mode access data, and another kind is the data-carrier store 24LS515 that adopts the serial mode access data.These 2 kinds of data modes just in time are the main means that internal system 2 class data bus mode information transmit.
1) parallel mode outer extension memory
Parallel mode one subsynchronous 8 access datas are keys that rapid data is handled to external world, but after the unit of deal with data visit surpasses certain scope, the required address bus quantity that provides is just many, can reach 17 as 64K data-carrier store HM628128 address bus.How this 17 address cotton suittings are provided? generally can adopt the mode or the SPI communication mode of I/O direct drive mode, address latch.I/O directly drives and the simplest fast 17 root interface lines of single-chip microcomputer is directly linked to each other with the HM628128 address bus, but is the I/O line more than being difficult to provide so in general Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system; The 2nd kind of scheme needs address latch and control to switch, and to the having relatively high expectations and needs are used 10 above I/O lines of hardware, this has certain difficulty under certain conditions; The SPI communication mode is relatively simple, a general clock line SCL and the data lines SDA of only needing just can transmit, but the existence address wire can produce the regular hour delay, application scenario for routine does not have any problem, but it is a little just to have seemed slowly in several applications system such as voice recognition processing.The YB03-1 experimental system is used the SPI communication mode exactly, and the shift circuit of forming by 3 74LS164 constitutes 17 required address wires, as shown in figure 10.
2) serial mode outer extension memory
The serial mode extended memory is that employing is a kind of based on I
2The C communication mode carries out the device that data transmit, and circuit connects with respect to parallel mode wants much simple, is convenient to the connection or the expansion of similar device especially.According to I
2C communication protocol adopts three device identification A2, A1 and A0, can be easily at I
2Articulate (expansion) 8 similar devices on the C bus.No matter be that element address or data are all passed through I
2It is weak that C single line SDA serial transfer, the work efficiency of data transfer are wanted relatively, so I
2" one-line " data communication that is otherwise known as sometimes of C bus communication.The YB03-1 experimental system has one based on I
2The outer extension memory 24LC515 of C bus communication except that fixing pin, only needs external 2 lead-in wire SCL and SDA, as shown in figure 11.
4. serial (synchronous/asynchronous) communication module
Internal system combination has serial (synchronous/asynchronous) communication module, promptly realizes direct communication with the computing machine serial port by the RS-232 mode.
After having above additional functional module, make that the content of PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system is abundanter,, can also realize a lot of other functions by means of this experimental system in conjunction with the functional module of PIC inside.As: external interrupt, Timer, real-time clock RTC and synchronous serial communication (SPI, I
2C), the realization of input signal seizure/output signal comparison/pulse-width modulation PWM function, A/D analog to digital conversion and aspect such as communicate by letter with parallel operation.
In sum, the present invention mainly has following characteristics:
1. each functional module all is in independent preliminary work state, and relevant control line and data line are connected to special-purpose terminal stud.The student can by special-purpose connecting line, couple together module in an orderly manner according to the process and the requirement of experiment of teaching, just can carry out software debugging and functional experiment to a module or component environment.Embody very big dirigibility and practicality, greatly improve the subjective initiative that the student participates in testing.
2. the release of this experimental system, thoroughly change the instructional mode of PIC single chip computer experiment in the past, become and imitate simply, follow the prescribed order, from replication experiment to the innovation autonomy-oriented, just from the replication experiment content to explorative and designability independent assortment, greatly improve the participation and the experimental interests of student experimenting, very big facilitation is all arranged for the raising of cultivating student's independent design ability and application and development technical ability.Simultaneously, the student can compare the structure of profound understanding experimental system and the working method of each module by experiment.
3. the multi-functional combination of experimental system is the student and carries out the PIC single-chip experimental development a practical environment is provided, and also carries out the platform that product design provides a test and exploitation for the engineering technical personnel of PIC single-chip microcomputer simultaneously.By this experimental system, be easy to the various application development system of the form of the composition, have very strong portability function.
4. this experimental system is emphasized sense of independence, thoroughly changes the situation of the passive experiment of PIC single-chip microcomputer in the past, and student's software design no longer is to follow set hardware to walk, but leaves the leeway of the unified thinking of student for, and both form organic combination.Do not have unified pattern, walk the mentality of designing of software and hardware coordination exploitation, reserve more spaces of freely bringing into play to the student.
Though the present invention is described with reference to current instantiation, but those skilled in the art should be realized that, above example only is to be used for illustrating the present invention, also can make the variation and the modification of various equivalences under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention.Therefore, if in connotation scope of the present invention to the variation of above-mentioned example, modification all will drop in the scope of claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system, comprise PIC single-chip microcomputer, the display module, the Keysheet module that link to each other with described PIC single-chip microcomputer, it is characterized in that: it also comprises motor demonstration module, bus type digital temperature sensor module, serial (synchronous/asynchronous) communication module and the data-carrier store module that links to each other with described PIC single-chip microcomputer, wherein:
The motor demonstration module, the driving loop that it comprises motor and is attached thereto is used to realize normal operation, rotating operation and the PWM speed governing of motor;
Bus type digital temperature sensor module, the programmable one-wire bus formula of its configuration resolution digital temperature sensor is used to gather environment temperature, forms a temperature monitor with degree of precision;
Serial communication module, its combination have serial synchronously and the asynchronous communication module, are used to realize the direct communication with the computing machine serial port;
The data-carrier store module, it comprises and can be used for the quick access of data by the data-carrier store of the outer expansion of parallel mode.
2. PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described display module comprises that some kinds are connected to the display module that is combined to form on the described PIC single-chip microcomputer.
3. PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the described some kinds of display modules that are combined to form comprise: several LED light emitting diodes, some positions eight hop count sign indicating number static displays, some positions eight hop count sign indicating number dynamic displays, LCD LCDs, lattice module.
4. PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Keysheet module comprises that some kinds are connected to the keyboard that is combined to form on the described PIC single-chip microcomputer.
5. PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the described keyboard that is combined to form comprises: form matrix form and realize the input of system data and the 16 key board function keys of carrying out the function key definition; Can be defined as the quadruple linkage dish of control function key according to the needs of system design temporarily.
6. PIC single-chip microcomputer experiment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described serial communication module is to realize direct communication with the computing machine serial port by the RS-232 mode.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101540931B (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2012-02-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Extended interface convenient for terminal to develop peripheral equipment and terminal |
| CN104240566A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-24 | 北京航天芯光科技有限公司 | Electronic information comprehensive experiment system and experiment method |
| CN107209811A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2017-09-26 | 利盟国际有限公司 | System and method for asynchronised handover I2C data wires |
| CN110009967A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-12 | 乐佰科(深圳)教育科技有限公司 | One-to-many online collaborative teaching programming method and system |
-
2006
- 2006-05-17 CN CN 200610026641 patent/CN1845211A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101540931B (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2012-02-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Extended interface convenient for terminal to develop peripheral equipment and terminal |
| CN104240566A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-24 | 北京航天芯光科技有限公司 | Electronic information comprehensive experiment system and experiment method |
| CN107209811A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2017-09-26 | 利盟国际有限公司 | System and method for asynchronised handover I2C data wires |
| CN110009967A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-12 | 乐佰科(深圳)教育科技有限公司 | One-to-many online collaborative teaching programming method and system |
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