CN1844436A - High temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials - Google Patents
High temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN1844436A CN1844436A CN 200610078061 CN200610078061A CN1844436A CN 1844436 A CN1844436 A CN 1844436A CN 200610078061 CN200610078061 CN 200610078061 CN 200610078061 A CN200610078061 A CN 200610078061A CN 1844436 A CN1844436 A CN 1844436A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high temperature wear-resisting Fe-Cr-Si based alloy material comprising Fe 45-68 wt%, Cr 20-36 wt%, Si 6-20 wt%. The main structure phases of the alloy material include: (1) Fe9Cr9Si2 metal silicide solid solution + Fe based solid solution, or (2) Fe9Cr9Si2 metal silicide solid solution+B2 type Fe based solid solution, or (3) B2 type Fe based solid solution+Cr3Si metal silicide solid solution+Fe5Si3 metal silicide solid solution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ferrous alloy material, the more definite Fe-Cr-Si metal silicide ferrous alloy material that is meant a kind of wear-and corrosion-resistant, this alloy material can be applicable in metallurgy, the energy, oil, the electric power to bear in a large number the cast forms of the mechanical motion pair component of frictional wear effect and with methods such as adopting laser melting coating, plasma spraying, flame plating, electric arc spraying the wear-and corrosion-resistant component are carried out surface modification and reparation under corrosion and hot environment.
Background technology
In industry such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, oil, chemical industry and iron and steel, non-ferrous metal metallurgy and mechanized equipment, exist and under severe environment such as high temperature, corrosion and oxidation, bear the component of machine of strong friction abrasive action in a large number, require material to have excellent abrasive energy, corrosion resisting property, antioxidant property, low frictional coefficient concurrently, and good combination of strength and toughness.The ferrous alloy material that with the iron and steel is representative becomes current topmost structural metallic materials with its good obdurability, excellent formability, high performance-price ratio.Yet ferrous alloy performances such as traditional cast iron, stainless steel are single, are difficult to satisfy simultaneously above-mentioned wear-and corrosion-resistant service requirements.Industrial equipment is badly in need of having excellent wear-and corrosion-resistant ferrous alloy material simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at of the particular requirement of wear-and corrosion-resistant kinematic pair component material, develop a kind of excellent abrasive energy that has concurrently, excellent corrosion resisting property, with the secondary new type high temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si metal silicide ferrous alloy material with good tribology compatibility of metal pairing, this alloy material can be applicable to metallurgy, the energy, oil, under corrosion and hot environment, bear the cast form and employing laser melting coating of the mechanical motion pair component of frictional wear effect in the electric power in a large number, plasma spraying, flame plating, methods such as electric arc spraying are carried out surface modification and reparation to the wear-and corrosion-resistant component.
The present invention is a kind of high temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials, and it is mainly elementary composition by Fe, Cr, three kinds of Si, and the weight percent of its Fe is 45~68, the weight percent of Cr is 20~36, the Si weight percent is 6~20; It is (a) σ phase Fe mutually that the main tissue of this alloy material is formed
9Cr
9Si
2Metal silicide sosoloid+iron-based sosoloid α, or (b) σ phase Fe
9Cr
9Si
2Metal silicide sosoloid+B2 sections based solid solution, or (c) B2 sections based solid solution+Cr
3Si metal silicide sosoloid+Fe
5Si
3Metal silicide sosoloid.
Described high temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials, it is (a) σ phase Fe mutually that its tissue is formed
9Cr
9Si
2The Chemical Composition Fe (wt%) of metal silicide sosoloid+iron-based sosoloid α is 58~64, Cr (wt%) is 29~33, Si (wt%) is 6.0~7.2, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%; Alloy material hardness is 800~950HV.It is (b) σ phase Fe mutually that its tissue is formed
9Cr
9Si
2The Chemical Composition Fe (wt%) of metal silicide sosoloid+B2 sections based solid solution is 52~63, Cr (wt%) is 20~27, Si (wt%) is 14~15, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%, and alloy material hardness is 500HV~1050HV.It is (c) B2 sections based solid solution+Cr mutually that its tissue is formed
3Si metal silicide sosoloid+Fe
5Si
3The Chemical Composition Fe (wt%) of metal silicide sosoloid is 45~60, Cr (wt%) is 20~37, Si (wt%) is 17~20, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%, and alloy material hardness is 700HV~1000HV.
Described high temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials can add weight percent and is 0.1~4 Al and improve solidity to corrosion and antioxidant property.Can add weight percent and be 0.3~8 Mo and carry out alloying, to improve its hot strength and high temperature abrasion resistance.
Wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials of the present invention, its main component are Fe, Cr, three kinds of elements of Si, and it is mainly formed is σ phase Fe mutually
9Cr
9Si
2With iron-based sosoloid.Owing to concentrated high rigidity, excellent abrasive and the corrosion resistance of intermetallic compound σ phase, and the good advantages such as obdurability of iron-based sosoloid, the Fe-Cr-Si wear-and corrosion-resistant ferrous alloy that the present invention relates to has excellent polishing machine, corrosion resisting property simultaneously, is applicable to that the kinematic pair component that are manufactured under wearing and tearing and the corrosive nature carry out surface modification and reparation with methods such as employing laser melting coating, plasma spraying, flame plating, electric arc sprayings to the wear-and corrosion-resistant component.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is alloy I and the anodic polarization curves figure of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel in the 3.5%NaCl aqueous solution.
Among the figure, 1 expression casting alloy I, 2 expression 1Crl8Ni9Ti stainless steels.
Embodiment
Choose the Fe-Cr-Si ferrous alloy of three typical compositions in the table 1, adopt induction furnace melting method, laser melting method, electron-beam process to prepare alloy cast ingot respectively, adopt laser cladding to prepare coating.
Table 1 alloy composition content (wt.%)
The alloy numbering | Fe | Cr | Si |
Alloy I | 62.5±1.5 | 31.0±1 | 6.5±0.5 |
Alloy II | 53.0±1.5 | 32.5±1 | 14.5±0.5 |
Alloy III | 48.0±1.5 | 34.0±1 | 18.0±0.5 |
(1) the short ingot casting laser melting of alloy method:
With technically pure iron, chromium, Si powder is starting material, adopts water cooled copper mould laser melting stove (denomination of invention: the method for water cooled copper mould laser melting stove and melting ingot casting thereof, the patent No. 02121496) to melt out the short cylindrical shape alloy cast ingot of about 15 grams of weight.Ingot casting melting preparation process is: about 20 gram hybrid alloys powder material → connection water coolant → connection shielding gas → importing focussed laser beams of packing in water cooled copper mould carry out alloy melting → ingot casting and cool off → close water coolant → close shielding gas → take out ingot casting from water cooled copper moulds; the laser melting processing parameter is: laser output power 3kW; the about 4mm of spot diameter imports focussed laser beam and carries out the about 1min of smelting time.
(2) alloy cast ingot electron-beam process:
With technical pure metallic iron, chromium, silicon is raw material, adopts 20kW electron beam floating zone melting stove to prepare alloy cast ingot.Ingot casting melting preparation process is: add alloy raw material → vacuumize → lead to water coolant → importing focused beam and carry out alloy melting → ingot casting and cool off → close water coolant → taking-up ingot casting.The electron beam melting processing parameter is: vacuum tightness 10
-3Pa, electron beam gun output rating 13kW, the about 30s of smelting time.
(3) laser cladding coating preparation method
With 100~300 order iron, chromium, Si powder is raw material, at the JSK-8000 type 8kW CO that flows over continuously
2On the Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht integrated system, adopt fore-put powder method and gravity synchronous powder feeding system method, utilize laser melting and coating technique on the soft steel base material, to prepare Fe-Cr-Si antifriction anticorrosion alloy coating.Laser cladding technological parameter is: laser output power 2.5kW, and the about 4mm of spot diameter, the hot spot scanning speed is 300mm/min., flawless fine and close evenly through the coating structure of laser melting coating preparation, pore-free, with being metallurgical binding completely between the soft steel base material, coating structure is mainly by σ phase Fe
9Cr
9Si
2Metal silicide sosoloid and iron-based sosoloid α form.
(4) induction furnace melting method:
With the pure reguline metal of technical pure iron, chromium, silicon is starting material, and molten alloy in the common medium frequency induction melting furnace of 160kW 50Kg adopts the about 15Kg alloy cast ingot of sand casting process casting, adopts the bar-shaped alloy cast ingot of the metal mold teeming practice heavily about 10Kg of casting.The alloy melting castingprocesses is: add the basic slag protection when adding metallic iron and two kinds of raw material metals of chromium metal and the melting of switching on, melting earlier; molten clear back adds furnace charge silicon; tapping casting ingot casting after the alloy melt temperature reaches 1550~1650 ℃ is unpacked behind the cool to room temperature and is taken out foundry goods.
Intercept alloy cast ingot cross section metallographic specimen respectively, use saturated FeCl
3Hydrochloric acid soln and Ke Shi etching reagent (HF: HNO
3: H
2O=1: 6: 7) as metallographic etching agent, utilize Olympus BX51M type opticmicroscope and JSM-5800 sem observation microstructure respectively, utilize Link ISIS energy spectrometer to carry out the micro-area composition analysis.Utilize Rigaku D/max 2200 rotating anode X-ray diffractometers to form facies analysis.Analytical results shows, laser melting and induction furnace melting sand mold casting alloy I are organized as σ phase Fe
9Cr
9Si
2The full lamella eutectoid structure of metal silicide sosoloid and iron-based sosoloid α is formed; Laser melting alloy II is Fe
9Cr
9Si
2Nascent dentrite of metal silicide and interdendritic B2 sections based solid solution are formed; Laser melting alloy III is Cr
3The Si dentrite of coming into being, small amount of Fe
5Si
3Intermetallic silicide sosoloid and interdendritic B2 sections based solid solution are formed.Adopt the average hardness of the semi-automatic microhardness tester beta alloy of MH-6 type, test load is 1Kg, hold time 10s, and the average hardness of each Fe-Cr-Si wear-and corrosion-resistant ferrous alloy is: the hardness of alloy I is 850HV, the hardness of alloy II is 970HV, and the hardness of alloy III is 780HV.
Intercept the alloy cast ingot cross section respectively, on MM-200 type sliding wear testing machine, carry out the air setting sliding wear testing.Specimen size is 10mm * 10mm * 10mm, is No. 45 steel of quenching+low-temperaturetempering (hardness HRC58) to grinding hoop material, normal load 147N, and to bull ring rotating speed 200r/min, wearing-in period 60min, total about 1700m of sliding distance.Select for use spheroidal graphite cast iron (hardness HRC45~48) as the standard control sample.With precision is that the SARTORIUS BS110S type electronic balance of 0.1mg takes by weighing its wearing and tearing weight, with the pointer of relative wear resistance (=standard specimen wear weight loss amount/sample wear weight loss amount) as material wear ability.The results are shown in Table 2, its wear resistance improves 7~27.5 times than spheroidal graphite cast iron.
Table 2Fe-Cr-Si intermetallic silicide wear-and corrosion-resistant ferrous alloy and the contrast of spheroidal graphite cast iron air setting skimming wear relative wear resistance
Material | Spheroidal graphite cast iron | Alloy I | Alloy II | Alloy III |
| 1 | 27.5 | 7.0 | 16.7 |
Adopt the method for measuring anodic polarization curves, specimen size is 10mm * 10mm * 10mm, and the electrochemical corrosion performance of beta alloy in 3.5% the NaCl aqueous solution is selected austenitic stainless steel 1Crl8Ni9Ti sample as a comparison for use, and the result as shown in Figure 1.As seen the break current potential of alloy I in 3.5% the NaCl aqueous solution is far above the break current potential of austenitic stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti in 3.5% the NaCl aqueous solution, in addition, there is not the passivation zone of transition in the anodic polarization curves of alloy I, passivation has just taken place in alloy under very low current potential, forming one deck on the surface is passive film, in quite wide potential range, it is stable that passive film keeps, so the corrosion resisting property of alloy I in 3.5% the NaCl aqueous solution is very good.
Adopt the immersion corrosion testing method, at 1mol/L H
2SO
4The corrosion resisting property of test and gold in the aqueous solution, selecting austenitic stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti for use is control sample, with precision is that the SARTORIUSBS110S type electronic balance of 0.1mg takes by weighing its corrosion weight, and as the corrosion proof pointer of material, the result is as shown in table 3 with sample corrosion weight loss amount.As seen, alloy I, alloy II and alloy III show extraordinary corrosion resisting property in sulfuric acid.
Table 3Fe-Cr-Si wear-and corrosion-resistant ferrous alloy and 1Cr18Ni9Ti are at 1mol/L H
2SO
4Corrosion weight loss amount contrast in the aqueous solution:
Material | 1Cr18Ni9Ti | Alloy I | Alloy II | Alloy III |
The corrosion weight loss amount | 475.6mg | 2.0mg | 0.6mg | 0.5mg |
Alloy material of the present invention can be applicable in metallurgy, the energy, oil, the electric power to bear in a large number the cast forms of the mechanical motion pair component of frictional wear effect and with methods such as adopting laser melting coating, plasma spraying, flame plating, electric arc spraying the wear-and corrosion-resistant component is carried out surface modification and reparation under corrosion and hot environment.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of high temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials, it is characterized in that: this alloy material is mainly elementary composition by Fe, Cr, three kinds of Si, and the weight percent of its Fe is 45~68, the weight percent of Cr is 20~36, the Si weight percent is 6~20; It is (a) σ phase Fe mutually that the main tissue of this alloy material is formed
9Cr
9Si
2Metal silicide sosoloid+iron-based sosoloid α, or (b) σ phase Fe
9Cr
9Si
2Metal silicide sosoloid+B2 sections based solid solution, or (c) B2 sections based solid solution+Cr
3Si metal silicide sosoloid+Fe
5Si
3Metal silicide sosoloid.
2, high temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is (a) σ phase Fe mutually that tissue is formed
9Cr
9Si
2The Chemical Composition Fe (wt%) of metal silicide sosoloid+iron-based sosoloid α is 58~64, Cr (wt%) is 29~33, Si (wt%) is 6.0~7.2, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%; Alloy material hardness is 800~950HV.
3, high temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is (b) σ phase Fe mutually that tissue is formed
9Cr
9Si
2The Chemical Composition Fe (wt%) of metal silicide sosoloid+B2 sections based solid solution is 52~63, Cr (wt%) is 20~27, Si (wt%) is 14~15, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%, and alloy material hardness is 500HV~1050HV.
4, high temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is (c) B2 sections based solid solution+Cr mutually that tissue is formed
3Si metal silicide sosoloid+Fe
5Si
3The Chemical Composition Fe (wt%) of metal silicide sosoloid is 45~60, Cr (wt%) is 20~37, Si (wt%) is 17~20, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%, and alloy material hardness is 700HV~1000HV.
5, high temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: add weight percent and be 0.1~4 Al and improve solidity to corrosion and antioxidant property.
6, high temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: add weight percent and be 0.3~8 Mo and carry out alloying, to improve its hot strength and high temperature abrasion resistance.
7, high temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt arc melting or induction melting method to carry out melting, by sand mold casting or permanent mold casting or investment precision casting technology manufacturing wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy component of machine.
8, high temperature wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt argon gas atomizing or centrifugal atomizing method to make powdered alloy, utilize laser melting coating, plasma spraying, flame plating or arc spray process the wear-and corrosion-resistant component to be repaired at metal component of machine surface preparation wearable anti-corrosion Fe-Cr-Si iron base alloy materials protective coating or employing laser melting coating, plasma spraying, flame plating or arc spray process.
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WO2023030554A3 (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-04-27 | 华北理工大学 | Fe-cr-si alloy and preparation method therefor |
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