CN1844320A - 以光皮树（光皮梾树）籽油为原料生产生物柴油及制备方法 - Google Patents

以光皮树（光皮梾树）籽油为原料生产生物柴油及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN1844320A
CN1844320A CNA2006100313849A CN200610031384A CN1844320A CN 1844320 A CN1844320 A CN 1844320A CN A2006100313849 A CNA2006100313849 A CN A2006100313849A CN 200610031384 A CN200610031384 A CN 200610031384A CN 1844320 A CN1844320 A CN 1844320A
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biofuel
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程树棋
程传智
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

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Abstract

本发明是涉及一种以光皮树(光皮梾树)籽油为原料生产生物柴油及制备方法。它包括光皮树油籽油及(光皮梾树油)生产工艺和光皮树油料精炼、改性工艺、酯交换工艺，所述精炼、改性、酯交换工艺包括下列步骤：a.籽粒榨油或萃取；b.加碱脱酸；c.脱水和间隔脱臭；d.加醇酯化。本发明的有益效果是：扩大生物柴油生产的原料来源，推动和发展能源林业产业的形成，降低转化成本，提高了生物柴油的燃烧特性。并具有资源开发前景广阔、生产工艺简单、生产成本低、具备大规模推广应用潜力。

Description

以光皮树(光皮梾树)籽油为 原料生产生物柴油及制备方法
技术领域：
本发明属可再生能源或新能源技术领域，具体涉及一种以光皮树(光皮梾树)籽油为原料生产生物柴油及制备方法，它包括生物柴油(生物燃料油、生物油、生化柴油)。
背景技术：
现有的石油、石化柴油，通常也称矿物柴油，是以石油原油中提炼出一种液体燃料，是一种不可再生的资源。随着我国经济发展，需求量不断增加，据统计我国2004年进口原油量突破1.1亿吨。因此，大量进口原油严重威胁到国家能源安全。
生物柴油是利用植物油(或动物油脂)经醇在催化剂作用下获得一种生物质燃料油，也称生物柴油或生化柴油。是国际公认的一种矿物柴油的优良替代品。
我国发展生物柴油，必须首先解决原料从哪里来的首要问题。本发明是发掘一种木本含油植物一光皮树(光皮梾树)，所产含油种籽能制造非食用油，以籽油为原料生产生物柴油。
光皮树在荒山、荒坡及石灰岩地区生长良好，适应性强，籽的含油量高(每株盛产期产油11-16公斤)斤计较，分布栽种面广、在长江以南各省均可载种，是生态林、低产改造等优良树种，具开发前景十分广阔。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是根据上述能源和环境保护双重压力下，广开生物柴油生产原料来源，而研制的一种以光皮树籽油为原料生产(制备)生物柴油及配制方法，即是利用其含油种子和果实榨成籽油(毛油)为生物柴油生产提供原料。
本发明是这样实现的，经近20年的油料植物的种质资源研究，对光皮树的生态特性，含油量和栽培技术的研究，将光皮树种和生态林、用材林、低产林改造等工程结合，选择生物多样性的栽培模式等研究，筛选出一种优良品种。
利用籽榨油或萃取工艺获得一种木本油料植物油，成功地研制了以光皮树为原料的生物柴油加工技术。
本发明的光皮树油为原料的生物柴油及配制方法如下：
1、按重量百分比配比：光皮树油40％-80％；甲醇(或乙醇)10-30％；碱性(或酸性)催化10-30％。
2、工艺：将光皮树籽油、甲醇(或乙醇)及碱性或酸性催化剂，按上述配方重量百分比投料，在45℃-160℃温度下进行酯交换，反应生成脂肪酸甲酯或脂肪酸乙酯——生物柴油，可以是0#、10#生物柴油或以1∶9或2∶8的比例将生物柴油与柴油生成混合柴油。
本发明以光皮树籽油为原料生产生物柴油及制备方法有如下优点：
1、本发明是用光皮树木本油料植物油为原料生产生物柴油，燃烧时可降低SO2和其他有害气体的排放量，有利于环境保护，开拓原料油来源，为发展我国生物柴油产业提供一种新材料；
2、光皮树油是可再生资源，供应量不会枯竭；
3、光皮树是木本油料植物，能吸收大气中的CO2有利于环境生态的改善；
4、可供大规模栽种，形成产业，促进和推动生态林产业化，有利于水土保持，促进生态平衡发展社会主义新农村。

Claims (4)

1、一种以光皮树(光皮梾树)籽油为原料生产生物柴油及制备方法：它包括光皮梾树籽油，其特征配制方法如下：a配方：光皮树籽油40-80％；甲醇(乙醇)10-30％。碱性或酸性催化剂10-30％组成；b.用光皮树籽油与其他植物油(或动物油脂)、废弃油、皂脚、陈化油、酸化油共混制备生物柴油；C工艺：将光皮树籽油、甲(乙)醇及碱性或酸性催化剂，按上述配方重量百分比投料，在45℃-160℃温度下进行酯交换，反应生成脂肪酯甲脂或酯肪酸乙酯生物柴油，可以是0#、10#生物柴油，或以1∶9或2∶8的比例将生物柴油与柴油一起生成混合柴油。
2、根据权利要求1所述的光皮树(光皮梾树)籽油为原料生产生物柴油及制备方法，其特征是光皮树籽油中加入醇为链烷醇。
3、根据权利要求1、2所述的光皮树(光皮梾树)籽油为原料生产生物柴油及制备方法，其特征是光皮树籽油或光皮树油混合油中加入的链烷醇为甲醇或乙醇。
4、根据树利要求1所述的光皮树(光皮梾树)籽油为原料生产生物柴油及制备方法，其特征是可生成0#生物柴油、10#生物柴油、5#生物重柴油，或与0#柴油、10#柴油、5#重柴油共混，生产出混合柴油与重油生物柴油的用量在5-30之间。
CNA2006100313849A 2006-03-22 2006-03-22 以光皮树（光皮梾树）籽油为原料生产生物柴油及制备方法 Pending CN1844320A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102250694A (zh) * 2011-06-20 2011-11-23 南昌大学 一种固体酸和固体碱共同催化高酸值光皮树油生产生物柴油的方法
CN102719319A (zh) * 2012-07-12 2012-10-10 湖南未名创林生物能源有限公司 一种利用光皮树油制备生物航空燃料的方法
CN104804877A (zh) * 2015-04-15 2015-07-29 上海应用技术学院 一种纯生物柴油及其制备方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102250694A (zh) * 2011-06-20 2011-11-23 南昌大学 一种固体酸和固体碱共同催化高酸值光皮树油生产生物柴油的方法
CN102719319A (zh) * 2012-07-12 2012-10-10 湖南未名创林生物能源有限公司 一种利用光皮树油制备生物航空燃料的方法
CN102719319B (zh) * 2012-07-12 2013-05-15 湖南未名创林生物能源有限公司 一种利用光皮树油制备生物航空燃料的方法
CN104804877A (zh) * 2015-04-15 2015-07-29 上海应用技术学院 一种纯生物柴油及其制备方法

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