CN1831562A - Atmospheric sounding laser radar based on semiconductor laser - Google Patents
Atmospheric sounding laser radar based on semiconductor laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN1831562A CN1831562A CNA2006100187935A CN200610018793A CN1831562A CN 1831562 A CN1831562 A CN 1831562A CN A2006100187935 A CNA2006100187935 A CN A2006100187935A CN 200610018793 A CN200610018793 A CN 200610018793A CN 1831562 A CN1831562 A CN 1831562A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
An atmospheric detection laser radar based on semiconductor laser consists of semiconductor laser emitter, laser radar receiver, signal processing circuit and computer. It can be installed on ground base station, carrier vehicle, airplane and satellite and it is featured as emitting pulse laser beam to atmosphere by said detection laser radar for generating backward scattering light signal, receiving said signal by optical receiver in radar then sending it to computer to carry out analysis for obtaining space distribution and time evolution information of micro particles in atmospheric molecules and in atmosphere.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of to the locus of the molecule (comprising gasoloid and cloud) in atmosphere itself and the atmosphere and the laser radar of the based semiconductor laser instrument that temporal evolution is surveyed.
Background technology
Compare with other remote sensing technology means, laser radar has the detection accuracy height, spatial and temporal resolution is good, and in light weight, unique advantage such as volume is little, has good application potential in the remote sensing to atmosphere, ocean and land.In the numerous atmospheric exploration laser radar of kind, it is comparatively simple and practical to be used to survey the Mie scattering laser radar that the space distribution of low latitude atmosphere fine particle (comprising gasoloid and cloud) and time changes, and has been widely used in comparatively that meteorology, environmental protection, traffic safety, target range ensure, atmospheric science research and many military fields.But the situation of reality is that application is far longer than the quantity that reality has been used to the quantity required of this laser radar.Main cause is that laser radar costs an arm and a leg, complex structure, need professional's Operation and Maintenance could operate as normal, is that laser radar has all used technical sophistication, expensive laser instrument (laser instrument partly accounts for the significant proportion of whole laser radar price and operating maintenance workload) and trace sth. to its source.Therefore, adopting simple in structure, dependable performance, low-cost laser instrument is to promote laser radar range of application valid approach the most.Semiconductor laser is a kind of all solid state Laser Devices, and it does not have the like that complicated optical cavity structure of other laser instrument and adjusts requirement, is a kind of highly reliable, long-life and cheap coherent source.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above, a kind of atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument is provided, have characteristics cheap, simple to operate, the molecule (comprising gasoloid and cloud) in atmosphere itself and the atmosphere is surveyed, obtain the information of its locus and temporal evolution.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is: the atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument comprises semiconductor laser transmitter, laser radar receiver, the signal processing circuit that is connected with the output of laser radar receiver and computing machine composition.
Above-mentioned semiconductor laser transmitter is made up of power source of semiconductor laser, fiber coupled laser diode, non-spherical lens and beam expander; The power source of semiconductor laser output terminal links to each other with fiber coupled laser diode electric power input end, and the fiber coupled laser diode laser output links to each other with the non-spherical lens input end, and the non-spherical lens output terminal links to each other with the beam expander input end.
Above-mentioned laser radar receiver is made up of receiving telescope, field stop, collimating optics lens, composite filter device, converging optical lens, photodetector, gate breakdown driven circuit; The receiving telescope output terminal links to each other with the field stop input end, the field stop output terminal links to each other with collimating optics lens input end, collimating optics lens output terminal links to each other with composite filter device input end, composite filter device output terminal links to each other with the converging optical lens input end, converging optical lens output enters photodetector, and gate breakdown driven circuit output end links to each other with the photodetector high voltage input terminal.
Above-mentioned composite filter device comprises spike interference filter and F-P etalon, collimating optics lens output terminal links to each other with spike interference filter input end in the composite filter device in the laser radar receiver, the spike interference filter output terminal links to each other with F-P etalon input end in the composite filter device, and F-P etalon output terminal links to each other with the converging optical lens input end.
The aforementioned calculation machine is an industrial control computer, and industrial control computer links by I/O interface card, gpib interface card and signal processing circuit, and described signal processing circuit is made up of prime amplifier, A/D converter and photon counter; The photodetector output terminal links to each other with the prime amplifier input end, the prime amplifier output terminal links to each other with the photon counter input end with A/D converter, the photon counter output terminal links to each other with the gpib interface card input end, I/O interface card output terminal triggers input end with power source of semiconductor laser control input end, A/D converter and photon counter and links to each other, and I/O interface card, gpib interface card and A/D converter place industrial control computer PCI slot.
Above-mentioned gate breakdown driven circuit comprises two adjustable voltage stabilizers and high speed solid relay, two adjustable voltage stabilizer output terminals link to each other with high speed solid relay input end, I/O interface card output terminal links to each other with high speed solid relay input end, and the high speed solid relay output end links to each other with the high voltage input terminal of photodetector.
The present invention can be installed on ground base station, carrier vehicle, aircraft and the satellite.It is the emission pulse laser bundle in atmosphere, when laser pulse runs into molecule in atmospheric molecule and the atmosphere when (comprising gasoloid and cloud etc.), can interact with the molecule in atmospheric molecule itself and the atmosphere, generation is with laser beams coaxial but the back scattering light signal of direction opposite (propagating towards laser radar), the laser radar receiver of this system receives these back scattering light signals, through shaping, filter, opto-electronic conversion, amplify, after analog to digital conversion and photon counting are handled, sending into computing machine analyzes and stores, thereby obtain molecule space distribution and temporal evolution information in atmospheric molecule and the atmosphere, carry out meteorology, environmental protection, traffic safety, the target range ensures, atmospheric science research and many application of military field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the atmospheric exploration laser radar theory diagram of based semiconductor laser instrument among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the semiconductor laser transmitter part-structure schematic diagram of the atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the laser radar receiver part-structure schematic diagram of the atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the gate breakdown driven circuit theory diagrams of the atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the composite filter device structure principle chart of the atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the signal Processing and the computer department separation structure schematic diagram of the atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument among the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, the atmospheric exploration laser radar of the based semiconductor laser instrument among the present invention mainly comprises: semiconductor laser transmitter 1, laser radar receiver 2 is with the signal processing circuit and the industrial control computer 3 that are connected with the output of laser radar receiver.
Referring to Fig. 2, semiconductor laser transmitter 1 is made up of power source of semiconductor laser 5, fiber coupled laser diode 6, non-spherical lens 7 and beam expander 8; Power source of semiconductor laser 5 output terminals link to each other with fiber coupled laser diode 6 electric power input ends, and fiber coupled laser diode 6 laser outputs link to each other with non-spherical lens 7 input ends, and non-spherical lens 7 output terminals link to each other with beam expander 8 input ends.By desired pulse width and repetition frequency, I/O interface card 4 among Fig. 2 (grinding Hua company, model PCI-1751) output pulse control signal, this signal noise spectra of semiconductor lasers power supply 5 (company of reaching the clouds, model LYPEX-SG-WLX-FX) carries out pulsed modulation.The pulsed drive of 5 pairs of fiber coupled laser diodes 6 of power source of semiconductor laser realizes that by the switching mode of high speed high-current switch modulation parameter is pulse width 0.5 μ S, repetition rate 1KHz.Control to the wave length shift of fiber coupled laser diode 6, realize by the existing temperature control loops in the power source of semiconductor laser 5, make the operation wavelength of semiconductor laser 6 be stabilized in bandwidth range less than spike interference filter 17 in the laser radar receiver system.Adopt operation wavelength be near infrared fiber coupled laser diode 6 (LDX company, model UM7800/100/20) as transmitting illuminant, use for laser radar, the light beam of this laser instrument also needs to carry out the high power collimation.Collimation carries out in two steps: carry out collimation just with non-spherical lens 7 earlier, will disperse further reduction through 10X beam expander 8 again.Beam expander 8 is made up of concavees lens and convex lens: 12 millimeters of concavees lens diameters, 25 millimeters of focal lengths; 100 millimeters of convex lens diameters, 250 millimeters of focal lengths, the virtual focus of concavees lens and the real focus of convex lens are implemented confocal some configuration.Just collimation adopts non-spherical lens 7, and luminous energy is concentrated to beam center, in order to the spot diameter that reduces after high power expands bundle.In the adjustment process, the beam collimation degree is taken a far and near light spot image by CCD and is adjusted and control.
Referring to Fig. 3, laser radar receiver 2 is made up of receiving telescope 9, field stop 10, collimating optics lens 11, composite filter device 12, converging optical lens 13, photodetector 14, gate breakdown driven circuit; Receiving telescope 9 output terminals link to each other with field stop 10 input ends, field stop 10 output terminals link to each other with collimating optics lens 11 input ends, collimating optics lens 11 output terminals link to each other with composite filter device 12 input ends, composite filter device 12 output terminals link to each other with converging optical lens 13 input ends, converging optical lens 13 outputs enter photodetector 14, and gate breakdown driven circuit output end links to each other with photodetector 14 high voltage input terminal.Backward scattered laser radar echo signal receiving telescope 9 in Fig. 3 is received after the light focusing, adopting field stop 10 will receive the visual field is controlled in the suitable field angle scope, after process collimating optics lens 11 are organized into directional light with echo optical signal, through composite filter device 12 spuious bias light is filtered, only allow flashlight pass through.Flashlight is through converging optical lens 13, spot diameter is dwindled, so that spot diameter less than the photosurface of photodetector 14, makes all echo optical signals can both project on the photosurface of photodetector 14, photodetector 14 converts echo optical signal to corresponding electric signal.Simultaneously, when adjusting, also need adopt the method for the coaxial incident of collimated light source to instruct, make accurately incident photosurface of echo.Three-dimensional minute adjustment frame 15 is used for minute adjustment is carried out in the locus of photodetector.
For overcoming the difficulty in dead time, photodetector 14 is adopted a kind of new G-APD mode of operation, promptly it is adopted gate breakdown driven circuit arrangement, not only can reduce the technical complexity of quencher, can also increase substantially the detection dynamic range.Above-mentioned gate breakdown driven circuit comprises two adjustable voltage stabilizer I2, I3 and high speed solid relay I4, two adjustable voltage stabilizer I2, I3 output terminals link to each other with high speed solid relay I4 input end, I/O interface card 4 output terminals link to each other with high speed solid relay I4 input end, high speed solid relay I4 output terminal link to each other with the high voltage input terminal of photodetector 14 (referring to Fig. 4).Its course of work is: to stronger near field echoes, the common APD pattern that detector 14 is worked in do not puncture is carried out analog to digital conversion near field echoes and is surveyed; To more weak far field echo, make detector 14 puncture the G-APD pattern that is operated in by gating technology, the far field echo is carried out photon counting survey.AC-DC power module I1 provides the high direct voltage that the APD detector needs among Fig. 4, and C1 is a filter capacitor.Provide the work of common APD pattern needed biasing high pressure by adjustable voltage stabilizer I2, the bleeder circuit that RRl and R1 form provides I2 needed reference voltage, and C2, C3 and C4 play the high frequency bypass filter action.Provide the work of G-APD pattern needed biasing high pressure by adjustable voltage stabilizer I3, the bleeder circuit that RR2 and R2 form provides I3 needed reference voltage, and C5, C6 and C7 play the high frequency bypass filter action.I/O interface card 4 output control high speed solid relay I4 implement to switch to the bias voltage of photodetector 14, to guarantee the gate breakdown driven working method of photodetector 14.Select large-area G-APD for use, after composite filter device 12, adopt adjusting of short focal length lens and detector locus to implement optical alignment.
For reduce the optical filtering bandwidth as far as possible, the employing interference filter adds the composite filter scheme of F-P etalon, as shown in Figure 5.Composite filter device 12 comprises spike interference filter 17 and F-P etalon 18, collimating optics lens output terminal links to each other with spike interference filter 17 input ends in the composite filter device 12 in the laser radar receiver 2, spike interference filter 17 output terminals link to each other with F-P etalon 18 input ends in the composite filter device 12, and F-P etalon 18 output terminals link to each other with converging optical lens 13 input ends.Echo light through collimation is transmitted on the spike interference filter 17 through window 16, and the interference filter bandwidth is 1nm, passes through the 18 further meticulous optical filterings of F-P etalon again, and F-P etalon 18 spectral ranges (FSR) are 1nm, and fineness (F) is 15.Spike interference filter 17 and F-P etalon 18 both bores are φ 25mm.Noiselike signal light after the filtration projects on the photodetector 14 by converging optical lens 13.Light shield 19 provides constant temperature and dry environment for spike interference filter 17 and F-P standard 18 tools.Three-dimensional minute adjustment frame 15 is used for minute adjustment is carried out in the locus of photodetector.
As shown in Figure 6, industrial control computer 23 links with signal processing circuit by I/O interface card 4, gpib interface card 24, and described signal processing circuit is made up of prime amplifier 20, A/D converter 21 and photon counter 22; Photodetector 14 output terminals link to each other with prime amplifier 20 input ends, prime amplifier 20 output terminals link to each other with photon counter 22 input ends with A/D converter 21, photon counter 22 output terminals link to each other with gpib interface card 24 input ends, I/O interface card 4 output terminals trigger input end with A/D converter 21 with photon counter 22 and link to each other, and I/O interface card 4, gpib interface card 24 and A/D converter 21 place the PCI slot of industrial control computer 23.
The output signal of photodetector is through prime amplifier 20 (SRS company among Fig. 6, model SR-445A) after electric current-voltage transitions and level amplify, enter A/D converter 21 (grinding Hua company, model PCI-1714) and photon counter 22 (SRS company, model SR430).Stronger signal carries out analog to digital conversion by A/D converter 21 relatively; Faint signal then carries out photon counting by photon counter 22.A/D converter 21 is pci interface cards, by pci interface data is imported industrial control computer 23 and carries out data processing and storage; And the data of photon counting (are ground Hua company by gpib interface card 24, model PCI-1670) input industrial control computer 23 carries out data processing and storage, industrial control computer 23 also (grinds Hua company by I/O interface card 4 simultaneously, model PCI-1751) output sync pulse signal, the sequential of control A/D converter 21 and photon counter 22 triggers.
Claims (6)
1. the atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument comprises semiconductor laser transmitter, laser radar receiver, the signal processing circuit that is connected with the output of laser radar receiver and computing machine composition.
2. the atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described semiconductor laser transmitter is made up of power source of semiconductor laser, fiber coupled laser diode, non-spherical lens and beam expander; The power source of semiconductor laser output terminal links to each other with fiber coupled laser diode electric power input end, and the fiber coupled laser diode laser output links to each other with the non-spherical lens input end, and the non-spherical lens output terminal links to each other with the beam expander input end.
3. the atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described laser radar receiver is made up of receiving telescope, field stop, collimating optics lens, composite filter device, converging optical lens, photodetector, gate breakdown driven circuit; The receiving telescope output terminal links to each other with the field stop input end, the field stop output terminal links to each other with collimating optics lens input end, collimating optics lens output terminal links to each other with composite filter device input end, composite filter device output terminal links to each other with the converging optical lens input end, converging optical lens output enters photodetector, gate breakdown driven circuit output end links to each other with the photodetector high voltage input terminal.
4. the atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the composite filter device comprises spike interference filter and F-P etalon, collimating optics lens output terminal links to each other with spike interference filter input end in the composite filter device in the laser radar receiver, the spike interference filter output terminal links to each other with F-P etalon input end in the composite filter device, and F-P etalon output terminal links to each other with the converging optical lens input end.
5. the atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described computing machine is an industrial control computer, industrial control computer links by I/O interface card, gpib interface card and signal processing circuit, and described signal processing circuit is made up of prime amplifier, A/D converter and photon counter; The photodetector output terminal links to each other with the prime amplifier input end, the prime amplifier output terminal links to each other with the photon counter input end with A/D converter, the photon counter output terminal links to each other with the gpib interface card input end, I/O interface card output terminal triggers input end with power source of semiconductor laser control input end, A/D converter and photon counter and links to each other, and I/O interface card, gpib interface card and A/D converter place industrial control computer PCI slot.
6. the atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: gate breakdown driven circuit comprises two adjustable voltage stabilizers and high speed solid relay, two adjustable voltage stabilizer output terminals link to each other with high speed solid relay input end, I/O interface card output terminal links to each other with high speed solid relay input end, and the high speed solid relay output end links to each other with the high voltage input terminal of photodetector.
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| CNB2006100187935A CN100561254C (en) | 2006-04-17 | 2006-04-17 | The atmospheric exploration laser radar of based semiconductor laser instrument |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100454038C (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2009-01-21 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Atmospheric turbulance detection laser rader using position-sensitive detector |
| CN1945356B (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2010-05-12 | 武汉大学 | Multifunctional atmospheric laser radar |
| CN101017201B (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2010-06-02 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Signal processing method of laser radar based on empirical mode decomposition |
| CN102435585A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-05-02 | 谢天鸽 | Near infrared laser on-vehicle rain and fog detection system |
| CN102830107A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2012-12-19 | 南京信息工程大学 | Laser radar detection method and system for measuring contents of solid water and liquid water in cloud |
| CN103926574A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-16 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser radar optical receiver assembly |
| CN105408764A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-03-16 | 丹麦科技大学 | Coaxial direct-detection LIDAR-system |
| CN108549083A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-18 | 上海融军实业有限公司 | Separation optical system in laser radar |
| CN109154663A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2019-01-04 | 密歇根宇航公司 | For directly detecting the multicomponent Fabry-Perot etalon interferometer of laser radar |
| CN109474325A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-03-15 | 宁波光舟通信技术有限公司 | Signal transmitting method, apparatus and system between star |
| CN115468533A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2022-12-13 | 南京英田光学工程股份有限公司 | Rapid orientation device and orientation method for laser communication ground station |
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2006
- 2006-04-17 CN CNB2006100187935A patent/CN100561254C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100454038C (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2009-01-21 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Atmospheric turbulance detection laser rader using position-sensitive detector |
| CN1945356B (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2010-05-12 | 武汉大学 | Multifunctional atmospheric laser radar |
| CN101017201B (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2010-06-02 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Signal processing method of laser radar based on empirical mode decomposition |
| CN102435585A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-05-02 | 谢天鸽 | Near infrared laser on-vehicle rain and fog detection system |
| CN102830107A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2012-12-19 | 南京信息工程大学 | Laser radar detection method and system for measuring contents of solid water and liquid water in cloud |
| CN105408764A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-03-16 | 丹麦科技大学 | Coaxial direct-detection LIDAR-system |
| CN105408764B (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2019-08-09 | 丹麦科技大学 | Coaxially directly detect LIDAR system |
| US10598769B2 (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2020-03-24 | Danmarks Tekniske Universitet | Coaxial direct-detection LIDAR-system |
| CN103926574A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-16 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser radar optical receiver assembly |
| CN109154663A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2019-01-04 | 密歇根宇航公司 | For directly detecting the multicomponent Fabry-Perot etalon interferometer of laser radar |
| CN108549083A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-18 | 上海融军实业有限公司 | Separation optical system in laser radar |
| CN109474325A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-03-15 | 宁波光舟通信技术有限公司 | Signal transmitting method, apparatus and system between star |
| CN115468533A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2022-12-13 | 南京英田光学工程股份有限公司 | Rapid orientation device and orientation method for laser communication ground station |
| CN115468533B (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-02-28 | 南京英田光学工程股份有限公司 | Rapid orientation device and orientation method for laser communication ground station |
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