CN1831309A - Explosive engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention holds detonator in a purpose-made (no bullet) cartridge case to form a purpose-made bullet, feeds the purpose-made bullet into a purpose-made gun (no barrel or bore), uses the purpose-made gun to ignite the purpose-made bullet, then converts the energy of the high-temperature high-pressure gas produced by explosion of the purpose-made bullet into torque or jet liquid by specific machines, and finally uses the torque or jet liquid to do work on the exterior, where the torque converting specific machines are piston engine and fuel gas turbine engine and the jet liquid converting machine is a wash-out type engine.

Description

Explosive engine

The present invention relates to three kinds of explosive engines that working principle is different.First kind is the piston type explosive engine, and second kind is gas turbine formula explosive engine, and the third is a flushing type water spray explosive engine.

Existing piston formula motor, steam turbine, gas turbine, jet engine and ramjet propulsion, they are all will just can start and move in air without exception all.

In order to address this problem, people have invented nuclear power engine and fuel battery engines.Because the nuclear power engine technical difficulty is big, the cost of construction, operation and maintenance is all very high.And in case leakage will cause catastrophic environmental accident.To scrapping after the time limit, the expense that folding is ruined a nuclear power engine often goes out manyly than newly-built one expense is taller, and therefore, its using scope is greatly limited, and can't use in a large number.Though it is high, dangerous big that fuel battery engines does not resemble the nuclear power engine various expenses, its technical sophistication, and also very immature.Development cost generally country can bear, required technological reserve generally country rich just can more than.So, now in the world except that the country of very few several big countries and advanced technology studying and testing, overwhelming majority of countries research and the ability of testing all do not have, let alone have used in a large number.

Purpose of the present invention will combine existing several mature technologies exactly, for existing submarine navigation device (submarine, underwater robot etc.) provides three kinds of motors that do not need air.Also provide three kinds of motors that do not need air for the following submarine navigation device of design (as the submerge mother ship carrier of underwater airplane and long-distance delivery underwater airplane etc.).Just, the present and following submarine navigation device provide several safe routines to use machinery (being motor) for using this energy of air that do not need of explosive.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: explosive is contained in the special cartridge case, form special bullet, special bullet is sent in the special rifle again, and ignited special bullet by special rifle, the cylinder that the high temperature and high pressure gas that allows special bullet blast produce again enters motor promotes the piston work done.The working principle of Here it is piston type explosive engine.The piston type explosive engine divides two kinds of direct type and indirect-type again, and directly type is exactly the front that special rifle directly is contained in the suction valve of motor, allows the high temperature and high pressure gas of special bullet blast generation enter cylinder through suction valve, directly promotes the piston work done.Indirect-type is exactly to load onto parts such as gas bag, filter cleaner between the suction valve of cylinder and special rifle, the high temperature and high pressure gas that allows special bullet blast produce is introduced into gas bag and filter cleaner, when the pressure for the treatment of gas bag reached rating value, gas entered cylinder again and promotes the piston work done after filter cleaner filters.The direct basic functional principle of type and two kinds of piston type explosive engines of indirect-type that Here it is.The basic functional principle of gas turbine formula explosive engine is exactly: allow the high temperature and high pressure gas that reaches rating value in the gas bag continuously enter in the gas turbine after filter cleaner filters, continuously enter will the get excited rotor rotation work done of gas turbine of the formed high velocity air of gas in the gas turbine.The basic functional principle of flushing type water spray explosive engine is: allow special bullet directly enter the shower of motor and in underwater explosion, allow the high temperature and high pressure gas of blast generation directly the water in the shower be exploded (i.e. ejection at a high speed) shower by the gun barrel of special rifle.According to the principle of active force and reaction force, when water sprayed at a high speed from the motor back, motor had just produced thrust forward.

In above-mentioned three kinds of motors (piston type, gas turbine formula, flushing type), preceding two kinds with special rifle all be identical with special bullet, and same or similar part is all arranged on working principle and form structure with existing certain type rifle and bullet.But the special rifle that the third motor is used is bright right different with special bullet, and the difference of structure and working principle is also very big, and these differences will be described in detail in relevant part.

For the present invention clearly is described, this paper will divide five parts to narrate.Simultaneously, succinct for language, the meaning understands that in the narration afterwards, each relevant portion allows corresponding noun to be called for short.

One, piston type explosive engine

Below direct type (no gas bag) piston type explosive engine and indirect-type (gas bag is arranged) piston type explosive engine are described in detail respectively.In the narration in this section, will abbreviate these two kinds of motors as direct h type engine h and indirect-type motor respectively.Can not cause the place of obscuring, two kinds of motors can further abbreviate motor as.

1, direct h type engine h

Directly the most basic condition of h type engine h success is: after special bullet explodes in special rifle, the gas that pours cylinder does not contain the solid bits, even or contain a spot of solid bits, in the exhaust process of exhaust stroke, also can be discharged from cylinder with gas, or even without whole discharge cylinders, remaining part can not influence the long-term normal operation of motor yet, but also can not quicken cylinder and wearing for piston.This condition has been arranged, just can directly be contained in special rifle the front of the suction valve of cylinder, the high temperature and high pressure gas that allows special bullet blast produce directly enters cylinder through suction valve, promotes the piston work done.

If top condition is met, special rifle is exactly the suction valve front that directly is contained in cylinder.After special bullet exploded in special rifle, gas this segment distance from the rifle hall to suction valve was short more good more, was zero best.Therefore, this special rifle just has been designed to have only the rifle hall not have the rifle of gun barrel, makes it not have the pipe rifle here.In the narration of one, two parts from now on, also can further abbreviate it as rifle.The special rifle that first, second two kinds of motors are used also with regard to " spy " here.Motor leans on the high temperature and high pressure gas work done of special bullet blast generation and does not need bullet, so special bullet also just has been designed to not have the bullet of bullet, is its bullet without a head here.In the narration of one, two parts from now on, can also further abbreviate it as bullet.The bullet that does not have bullet is common " characteristics " of three kinds of motors with special bullet.The working principle of not having between pipe rifle, bullet without a head and the cylinder is as follows:

For ato unit fast before the startup, first turning crankshaft smoothly, and after reaching certain rotating speed, just make it drive bullet conveying equipment and first bullet without a head sent into do not had in the rifle of pipe.At this moment, piston begins to move to lower dead center from top dead center under the effect of inertia of rotating mechanisms such as bent axle and flywheel.Just begin same time to lower dead center motion at piston, suction valve begins the action doing to open, the mechanism of rifle inside also begins to do bullet is advanced the action of rifle hall, when piston moves downward a segment distance from top dead center very short (design code), suction valve is opened fully, and at this moment the mechanism of rifle inside has advanced the rifle hall to bullet at suction valve in opening fully.Just after suction valve is all opened in a flash, advanced the bullet of rifle hall to be detonated, the high temperature and high pressure gas that blast produces through suction valve pour cylinder and in cylinder sharply Peng expand, the bloated thrust that produces of Peng directly promotes piston and continues to lower dead center motion and external work done (being power stroke), when piston moves downward a segment distance from lower dead center very short (design code), suction valve begins to do closing motion, but gas continues Peng to expand, piston continues to move downward, the aperture of suction valve is more and more littler, when lower dead center was arrived in piston motion, suction valve cut out fully.At this moment, under the effect of inertia of rotating mechanisms such as bent axle and flywheel, piston changes moving direction, begins to move to top dead center from lower dead center.Just begin same time to top dead center motion at piston, outlet valve also begins action and the beginning exhaust doing to open, along with piston continue move upward, the aperture of outlet valve continues to increase thereupon, air displacement also constantly increases.When piston moved upward to a segment distance from lower dead center very short (design code), outlet valve was opened fully, begins a large amount of exhausts (being exhaust stroke).Piston continues to move upward, and outlet valve continues a large amount of exhausts.When piston moved upward to a segment distance from top dead center very short (design code), outlet valve began to do closing motion, but continues exhaust, along with piston continue move upward, the aperture of outlet valve is more and more littler, air displacement is also fewer and feweri.When top dead center was arrived in piston motion, the gas in the cylinder drained, and outlet valve is closed fully.Just piston moves to (being the used time of whole exhaust stroke) during this period of time of top dead center from lower dead center in, do not have the pipe rifle and finished the work that reenters of withdrawing from cartridge case and bullet.When piston moves upward to top dead center, under the effect of inertia of rotating mechanisms such as bent axle and flywheel, piston changes moving direction again, begin to move to lower dead center from top dead center, at this moment, suction valve begins the action doing to open again, and the mechanism of rifle inside begins again bullet is pushed to the rifle hall, begins entering of next bullet, and---------exhaust---enters---blast---work done again---circulation of exhaust more again in work done in blast.As long as bullet without a head is not detonated in having the pipe rifle on time, rotation that bent axle will not stop and externally work done.Like this, a direct h type engine h just has been born.

Should benly be: bullet without a head be sent into time and the time that is detonated and the switching time of air inlet and exhaust valve of not having the pipe rifle in not having the pipe rifle, all is to carry out under the unified control of bent axle rotating mechanism.

2, indirect-type motor

If directly h type engine h the most basic required condition does not exist, then illustrate in the high temperature and high pressure gas that bullet without a head blast produces and be entrained with the solid bits that are enough to influence the normal operation of motor, and exhaust stroke can't all be discharged cylinder with it, so, make and start function normally to move, just must manage a few facility of increase between the rifle (being enable switch, gas cleaner, filtering element (cartridge) replacing switch, gas bag and snap switch) in the suction valve and the nothing of direct h type engine h, the facility of these increases is its airbag system here with the combination of not having the pipe rifle.Airbag system makes the heavy solid bits of the big matter of the grain that has a strong impact on the normal operation of motor can be able to abundant sedimentation in gas bag, gas after the sedimentation is changed switch through filtering element (cartridge) again and is entered gas cleaner, and the gas after the filtration enters the cylinder work done of motor through enable switch.The equipment of this cover airbag system comprises (divide with airflow direction and successively be successively): nothing pipe rifle, snap switch, gas bag, filtering element (cartridge) are changed switch, gas cleaner, enable switch.In this cover airbag system, the effect of not having pipe rifle, snap switch, gas bag, gas cleaner is to produce to meet the high temperature and high pressure gas that motor requires.Filtering element (cartridge) replacing switch is changed at needs and is just played closing function when filtering element (cartridge) or repair and maintenance filter cleaner or filter cleaner are in stand-by state, and whenever all the other all are in full-gear.Enable switch is regulated behind ato unit or engine start when motor is exerted oneself and is worked.The following relation of not having between pipe rifle, snap switch, gas bag, the gas cleaner of talking is earlier talked the effect of enable switch and the working principle of motor self then.

(2.1), there is not the relation of managing between rifle, snap switch, gas bag, the gas cleaner

Not having the pipe rifle is to produce high temperature and high pressure gas, and gas just can enter gas bag after will washing snap switch open.From this sequencing as can be seen, snap switch is in not to be had between pipe rifle and the gas bag, plays a part to close and opens and do not have passage between pipe rifle and the gas bag.There is not explosion time in the rifle hall of managing rifle when bullet without a head, the high temperature and high pressure gas that produces will sharply Peng be bloated in the rifle hall that does not have the pipe rifle, and the pressure in the rifle hall is raise rapidly, when the pressure in the rifle hall reaches the cracking pressure (spring pressure aerating bag pressure power---gas bag pressure is an ever-increasing pressure) of snap switch, gas will be washed snap switch open and enter gas bag, after the overwhelming majority of these gases enters gas bag, pressure in the rifle hall is inevitable to descend greatly, when the closing pressure that drops to snap switch (spring pressure aerating bag pressure power), snap switch is closed.At this moment, under the effect of bullet conveying equipment, a bullet without a head is admitted to again in the rifle hall that does not have the pipe rifle, ignited by rifle once more, sharply Peng is bloated once more in the rifle hall for the high temperature and high pressure gas that produces, pressure raises once more rapidly, and when pressure was elevated to the cracking pressure (spring pressure aerating bag pressure power) of snap switch, gas will be washed snap switch once more open and enter gas bag.After the overwhelming majority of these gases entered gas bag, the pressure in the rifle hall is inevitable to descend once more greatly, and when dropping to the closing pressure of snap switch (spring pressure aerating bag pressure power), snap switch is closed once more.At this moment, another bullet without a head sent the rifle hall to, repeating bullet and entering the rifle hall---blast------the pressure risings---------process that rifle hall pressure decline---snap switch is closed---bullet enters a rifle again that enters gas bag of washing snap switch open that gas Peng is expanded, continuous repetition along with this process, pressure in the gas bag will raise gradually, along with the continuous rising of gas bag internal pressure, cracking pressure that snap switch is each and closing pressure all are constantly to raise to change.When being elevated to rating value, open just direct ato unit of enable switch.

Should be noted that: the burst period of the bullet of indirect-type motor, be not subjected to the control of bent axle rotation actuation mechanism, but the control of person whom anyone can vent his spite upon's pressure.When the pressure of gas bag reached rating value, the bullet conveying equipment will stop automatically.

One of gas bag effect here is: effectively increase the area of section of gas flow, reduce the flowing velocity of gas in gas bag greatly, form utmost point low speed flow, to reach the purpose of solid bits abundant sedimentation in gas bag.Utmost point low speed flow refers to the air-flow of much lower times of the flowing velocity that passes in and out than gas here in cylinder.After the sedimentation of utmost point low speed, even also contain certain bits in the gas, also be float in utmost point low speed flow the grain little light weight bits, though these bits are not sedimentations again under high speed (being the turnover speed of gas in cylinder) condition, but after it enters cylinder, still have the wearing and tearing that may quicken cylinder and piston, so, between gas bag and cylinder, have additional gas cleaner.Its effect is bits of further removing the little light weight of grain that floats in utmost point low speed flow, improves the degree of purity of gas, makes it reach the usage requirement of motor.

Two of gas bag the effect here is: not becoming the little gas pressure energy of pressure surge from there being the bigger gas kinetic energy of fluctuation that obtains in the pipe rifle.When the stable air-flow of needs output, switch opens just.This performance that can export steady air flow is very important to gas turbine formula explosive engine.From needs gas bag this point, gas turbine formula explosive engine also belongs to the indirect-type motor.Be provided with the deslagging facility below the gas bag, so that discharge the bits of gas bag internal memory collection in good time.

A gas bag should have two gas cleaners, because two can guarantee under the non-stop-machine situation of motor, changes filtering element (cartridge) in turn and the inner chamber of filter cleaner is cleaned and safeguards.Two filter cleaners should have three filtering element (cartridge)s, and guaranteeing at any time has a filtering element (cartridge) to be in clean conditions.When needing, open the lid of filter cleaner, the filtering element (cartridge) of changing cleaning just.

One interstation connects h type engine h and should be advisable with two cover airbag systems, because two cover airbag systems could be standby each other, guarantees the continuous operation of motor.If not like this, deposit the bits of collection below the gas bag and just can't under non-stop-machine situation, normally discharge, can not under non-stop-machine situation, overhaul airbag system out of joint.In airbag system, what may easily go wrong most is not have pipe rifle and snap switch, because these two parts actions are very frequent, and are high heating parts, belong to easily damaged parts, so, in actual use, gas bag should have no pipe rifle and the snap switch more than two or two, it is taken turns change jobs, like this, just can guarantee the normal operation of motor.No pipe rifle in the use and snap switch also need to feed water rifle hall and snap switch are carried out continual cooling, could guarantee the service behaviour of these two high heating parts.

(2.2), the working principle of the effect of enable switch and motor self:

Enable switch is in this cover airbag system, and it not only plays a part ato unit, and after engine start, and input motor tolerance what can also be regulated, and then reaches and regulate the exert oneself purpose of size of motor.

If filter cleaner is in normal and non-stand-by state, then no matter motor is in operation or stops, filtering element (cartridge) is changed switch all can be in full-gear.So when the pressure in the gas bag reached rating value, the pressure of filter cleaner also can reach rating value.At this moment, turning crankshaft and after reaching certain rotating speed is opened enable switch, and the high temperature and high pressure gas in the gas bag enters the cylinder of motor after filter cleaner filters, and motor has just started.Before startup, turning crankshaft and the effect that reaches certain rotating speed are: give the higher initial speed of motor that is in halted state, to reach the purpose that starts fast smoothly.In the process of this startup, because enable switch has only an action of opening, so, only talk the working principle of motor self below.

Because the rotation of bent axle, when the piston arrives top dead center, the outlet valve of cylinder is closed fully.At this moment, because bent axle, the effect of inertia of rotating mechanisms such as flywheel, piston changes moving direction, begin to move to lower dead center from top dead center, and begin in lower dead center motion at piston, the suction valve of cylinder begins the action of doing to open and begins air inlet, along with piston continue move downward, the aperture of suction valve is increasing, air inflow is more and more, when piston motion to from a segment distance of top dead center very short (design code) time, the suction valve standard-sized sheet, a large amount of high temperature and high pressure gas from gas bag through filter cleaner, the suction valve of enable switch and cylinder enters cylinder, promotes piston to lower dead center motion and externally work done (being power stroke).Piston continues to move downward, when piston motion to from a segment distance of lower dead center very short (design code) time, the suction valve of cylinder begins the action of doing to cut out but continues air inlet, along with piston continue move downward, the aperture of suction valve rises more and more littler, and air inflow is also fewer and feweri.When lower dead center was arrived in piston motion, the suction valve of cylinder cut out fully.At this moment, because the effect of inertia of rotating mechanisms such as bent axle and flywheel, piston changes moving direction, begin to move to top dead center from lower dead center, and begin in top dead center motion at piston, the outlet valve of cylinder begins the action of doing to open and begins exhaust (being that exhaust stroke begins), along with piston continue move upward, the aperture of outlet valve is increasing, when piston motion to from a segment distance of lower dead center very short (design code) time, the aperture of outlet valve reaches standard-sized sheet, and it is maximum that cylinder exhaust velocity under the promotion of piston also reaches.Piston continues to move upward, when piston motion to from a segment distance of top dead center very short (design code) time, the outlet valve of cylinder begins the action doing to close, but the continuation exhaust, along with piston continue move upward, the aperture of outlet valve is more and more littler, when top dead center is arrived in piston motion, gas in the cylinder drains, and simultaneously, the outlet valve of cylinder is closed fully.Because the effect of inertia of rotating mechanisms such as bent axle and flywheel, piston changes moving direction again,---work done---exhaust---air inlet again---work done again---circulation of exhaust again that begin to move to lower dead center from top dead center, the suction valve of cylinder is also opened thereupon, begins next air inlet.As long as air pressure and tolerance are enough in the gas bag, each switch and filter cleaner are working properly, and this circulation just can not stop.Like this, an interstation connects h type engine h and just has been born.

Two, gas turbine formula explosive engine

The front said that gas turbine formula explosive engine in fact also was that an interstation connects h type engine h, and it is formed by airbag system and gas turbine combination.

If sufficiently large gas bag, pressure is enough high, makes tolerance and air pressure all meet the requirement of gas turbine, so, as long as allow high temperature and high pressure gas in the gas bag after filter cleaner filters, directly enter gas turbine, high velocity air just can get excited the rotor rotation and the external work done of gas turbine.Like this, a gas turbine formula explosive engine just has been born.

The volume of reciprocating engine is little, and power is little, and its main Applicable scope is underwater robot.The underwater robot that reciprocating engine is housed can be made manned version, so, it neither needs surface ship to pass through the cable makeup energy, do not need by cable the data back surface ship that records yet, therefore, it can be nimbly and freely in the seabed activity, be particularly suitable for drawing bathymetric chart, measure seabed temperature, variation in pressure and ocean current situation and some other scientific investigation activity everywhere.If direct type reciprocating engine, can be contained in also that small-sized low speed water is got off the plane and small-sized or midget submarine on use.Gas turbine formula explosive engine then mainly is applicable to large-scale conventional submarine, particularly existing conventional submarine is transformed in the mode that embedding adds the storehouse section.Because the output power of this motor is big, it also is fit to following large-scale submerge mother ship carrier.The submerge mother ship carrier is a mobile hangar that can deliver tens to more than 100 underwater airplanes, is again that a mobile arm store, special bullet are produced between dolly, still is a mobile military depot and strategic arms launching point.

Five faces in the front, back, left, right, up of submerge mother ship carrier all can be built the aircraft parking of multilayer opening type, and there are two, 30 aircraft gates every layer of aircraft parking, and all there is the passage that communicates with the submerge mother ship carrier each aircraft gate, the usefulness that supplies personnel's turnover and replenish cartridge box.A large-scale submerge mother ship carrier can carry 150 left and right underwater airplanes.Because the underwater airplane that large-scale submerge mother ship carrier loads is more, two or three submerge mother ship carrier can transport three, 400 underwater airplanes to the battlefield.If hundreds of frame underwater airplane is implemented the bee colony tactics to existing aircraft-carrier battle group, there is not the aircraft-carrier battle group that does not eliminate.

Three, flushing type water spray explosive engine

Except that above-mentioned piston type and gas turbine formula motor, can also be with reference to the working principle of ram jet, design and be fit to the flushing type water spray explosive engine that underwater high-speed navigation device (as underwater airplane etc.) uses.For sake of convenience, abbreviate it as flushing type motor or motor in the narration in this section.

Flushing type hydro-motor and ram jet on working principle very near (because the former design) with reference to the latter, so, structurally also be very similar, all simple especially.Its outward appearance is exactly cylinder, center in the sub-forward part of this cylinder, have one to be similar to the oval oval ball of hollow length, the oval ball of hollow length that this is approximate and the forward part of cylinder form the annular inlet channel of motor, and the rear section of cylinder then is the shower of motor.To water orifice, the area of the flow section of whole motor all changes to some extent according to design from annular water intake, and the flow section of variation produces zone of high pressure and low pressure area in the motor of operation.Be connected with rod member or plate between cylinder and the oval ball of hollow length that is similar to, every link all should meet high speed streamline (promptly under design at a high speed, there is not bubble to produce on rod member or the plate), in some links, have at least one to be tube construction, as the passage of bullet conveying.In the approximate oval ball of hollow length, special rifle is housed, gun barrel stretches out from the rear end of this ellipse ball, and muzzle is in the shower.The center line of gun barrel is not to overlap with the center line of motor, but the explosion center point of bullet must drop on the center line of motor.This is a kind of structural type of flushing type motor, is called a type flushing type motor, is called for short a h type engine h.

Another kind of structure is exactly that the thing of a h type engine h cylinder the inside is all removed, and whole motor is looked at a glance, exactly one section big pipe that two communicates.Allow the gun barrel of special rifle pass tube wall then and put in the big pipe, the center line that makes gun barrel intersects with the center line of big pipe.Muzzle should overlap with bassoon subcenter line with the explosion center point that guarantees bullet with the distance of bassoon subcenter line and be advisable.The very simple motor of this structure, its flow section also changes to some extent according to design, and is just different along the rule and a h type engine h of center line variation.The flow section that changes can form zone of high pressure and low pressure area equally when motor is in running state.The motor previous section is an intake pipe, and aft section is a shower, and muzzle is in the shower.This flushing type motor abbreviates the b h type engine h as.

No matter be a h type engine h or b h type engine h, their working principle all is the same, and used special rifle also is the same with special bullet.During engine start, working principle is as follows:

At first start the bullet conveying equipment, the special bullet that rifle is outer is sent in the special rifle, after this bullet of sending into outside rifle has been arranged in the rifle, the push rod of bullet back pushes away bullet forward automatically, under the promotion of push rod, the bullet at muzzle place just be pushed out muzzle and blast (because bullet is pushed out muzzle and just explodes, so, this special rifle is one only to be needed gun barrel and not to need the rifle of rifle hall, does not have a hall rifle so be named as.In this section, the special rifle of saying later all is this nothing hall rifle).Bullet is after being pushed out muzzle-blast, sharply Peng is bloated in shower for the high temperature and high pressure gas that blast produces, and the instant water in the shower is exploded water orifice (do not need bullet because this motor also only needs the high temperature and high pressure gas that bullet blast produces, so the special bullet that this motor is used also is a bullet without a head).When the water in the shower was exploded (i.e. ejection at a high speed) water orifice by moment, according to the principle of active force and reaction force, motor had just obtained thrust forward simultaneously.Under the promotion of this forward thrust, the trend or the starting that the submarine navigation device that is in state of suspension are obtained advance are advanced.As long as have the trend or the starting of advancing to advance, the water in motor the place ahead just is in positive pressure, and shower in the water major part exploded by moment after, make to be in of short duration low-pressure state in the shower.Under the effect of height pressure reduction, the water in motor the place ahead will pour in the shower very smoothly, and the water pressure in the shower that is in relatively low pressure is raise rapidly.At this moment, the bullet conveying equipment has been sent bullet to again not to be had in the hall rifle, the push rod of bullet back pushes away bullet forward again automatically, under the promotion of push rod, the bullet at muzzle place is pushed out muzzle and blast again, again the water in the shower is exploded (promptly at a high speed ejection) water orifice, motor obtains once thrust forward again.Under the effect of current thrust, if blast makes the aircraft of suspension that the trend of advancing arranged for the first time, specifically (be second and third ... inferior) blast trend that the aircraft of suspension is advanced strengthens or starts to walk and advance, if for the first time blast has played the step with regard to the aircraft that makes suspension, current (be second and third ... inferior) blast just can make the aircraft acceleration of suspension.Like this, the process of water spray constantly repeats in water inlet---blast---, and motor just can constantly obtain power and the acceleration of the aircraft that promotes to suspend is advanced.When speed after certain degree, aircraft will be stabilized on this speed and navigate by water.

No matter be a type or b type, the muzzle of the no hall rifle of two kinds of motors all is in the in-engine water, and the other end that does not have a rifle is to communicate with the inner chamber of aircraft, so, for anti-sealing flows to the inner chamber of aircraft from muzzle along gun barrel, just must carry out the sealing of strictness to gun barrel, and, in sealing, can't influence bullet passing through smoothly in gun barrel.Therefore, sealing is current neglects neither in order to make, and a, b two h type engine hs have all been taked following two measures: the one, special bullet is designed to the bullet without a head (the following bullet that abbreviates as) of two-part structure, i.e. blast section and seal section, the blast Duan Zaiqian, seal section after.The 2nd, before motor dispatches from the factory, just in gun barrel, pre-install the bullet without a head of several two-part structures and pre-install an independent seal section, to satisfy the seal request of motor to gun barrel at the muzzle place.Several the bullets of prepackage and the seal section at muzzle place are one and are close to one, the boundary dimension of the seal section that seal section that the muzzle place is independent and bullet carry later and sealability are duplicate, in order to describe the working principle of rifle and bullet in detail, supposition three bullets of prepackage and an independent seal section can satisfy the seal request of motor to gun barrel here.The working principle of rifle and bullet is as follows:

During engine start, at first be that bullet conveying equipment first bullet that rifle is outer sent in the nothing hall rifle, add three that pre-install in the gun barrel, four bullets have just been arranged in the present rifle, this that just send into outside rifle is exactly the 4th the rifle, after this 4th bullet arranged in the rifle, the push rod of bullet back just pushes away forward automatically, promoting four bullets in the rifle and the seal section at muzzle place moves ahead synchronously, when the distance that moves ahead synchronously near or when equaling the length of muzzle place premounting sealing section, the seal section of this prepackage just comes off from muzzle, and at this moment, first front of loading in advance flushes with muzzle.Push rod continues to push away forward, promoting four bullets continues to move ahead synchronously, when the distance that moves ahead synchronously equaled the length of blast section of a bullet, first blast section of loading in advance just was pushed out muzzle and blast, and this first seal section of loading in advance still stayed the muzzle place and sealed muzzle.At this moment, three bullets and an independent seal section are arranged still in the gun barrel, be contained in the gun barrel second before just dispatching from the factory in advance and become in the present gun barrel first and second with the 3rd, become the 3rd in the present rifle after outer first of rifle sends in the rifle.The sealing of whole gun barrel with dispatch from the factory before the same, remain and sealed by four roads that (three bullets have three seal sections, add the independent seal section in muzzle place) seal.

After first blast section blast of loading in advance, the push rod of bullet back resets rapidly.And then, bullet conveying equipment second bullet that rifle is outer sent into not to be had in the hall rifle, in the rifle four bullets and an independent seal section have been arranged again now, after sending into, second outer bullet of rifle become the 4th bullet in the present rifle again, equally, after this 4th bullet arranged in the rifle, the push rod of its back just pushes away forward automatically, promoting four bullets in the rifle and the seal section at muzzle place moves ahead synchronously, when the distance that moves ahead synchronously near or when equaling the length of a seal section, the seal section of staying the muzzle place after first blast of loading in advance just comes off from muzzle.At this moment, second front of loading in advance flushes with muzzle, push rod continues to push away forward, promoting four bullets moves ahead synchronously, when the distance that moves ahead synchronously equals the length of blast section of a bullet, second blast section of loading in advance just is pushed out muzzle and blast, and simultaneously, the seal section that stays this bullet at the muzzle place is sealed muzzle.At this moment, remain three bullets and a seal section in the gun barrel, just in these three bullets, outside rifle, send into for back two.Top one is only the 3rd bullet that is contained in advance before dispatching from the factory in the gun barrel.The present sealing of whole gun barrel with dispatch from the factory before the same, remain and sealed by four roads.

After second blast section blast of loading in advance, the push rod of bullet back resets rapidly.And then, bullet conveying equipment the 3rd bullet that rifle is outer sent into not to be had in the hall rifle, in the rifle four bullets and an independent seal section have been arranged again now, after sending into, the 3rd outer bullet of rifle become the 4th bullet in the present rifle again, equally, after this 4th bullet arranged in the rifle, the push rod of its back just pushes away forward automatically, promoting four bullets in the rifle and the seal section at muzzle place moves ahead synchronously, when the distance that moves ahead synchronously near or when equaling the length of seal section at muzzle place, the seal section of staying the muzzle place after second blast of loading in advance just comes off from muzzle.At this moment, the 3rd front of loading in advance flushes with muzzle, push rod continues to push away forward, promoting four bullets moves ahead synchronously, when the distance that moves ahead synchronously equals the length of blast section of a bullet, the 3rd blast section of loading in advance just is pushed out muzzle and blast, and the seal section that stays this bullet simultaneously at the muzzle place is sealed muzzle.At this moment, remain three bullets and a seal section in the gun barrel, just these three bullets are all sent outside into from rifle, and the seal section that has only the muzzle place is to stay after the 3rd blast of loading in advance.The present sealing of whole gun barrel with dispatch from the factory before the same, remain and sealed by four roads.

After the 3rd blast section blast of loading in advance, the push rod of bullet back resets rapidly, all send into bullet from the bullet conveying equipment again,------blast---is sent into the process that---before pushing away---explodes again again to preceding pushing away again to repeat sending into of bullet, as long as this process repeats constantly, motor just can constantly produce the power that advances.

More than be that supposition three bullets of prepackage and an independent seal section can reach seal request, the situation of accomplishing to drip and not oozing.In fact, according to the difference of the design maximum submerged depth of aircraft and the quality of seal section sealability, it is the amount doesn't matter to load in advance.If prepackage is three, then send outside into from rifle first is the 4th the rifle, and the 100 is the 4th in the rifle equally, because can only hold four bullets in the rifle at most.If prepackage is four bullets, be first or the 100 then regardless of what send outside into from rifle, all be the 5th in the rifle, because can only hold five bullets in the rifle at most.The rest may be inferred by analogy for it.

This motor (comprising a type and b type) is applicable to underwater high-speed navigation device (as the underwater airplane in future etc.).Underwater airplane divides two kinds of forms: a kind of is airliner under water and transport airplane as aerial airliner and transport airplane, the motor of this large-scale underwater airplane all is arranged on the aircraft wing, all be adjusted to state of suspension in the time of aircraft most of in water, purpose is when making aircraft do upper and lower, left and right flight in water, to be subjected to or not to be subjected to the interference of buoyancy less.As required, also can at any time it be adjusted to come-up or sinking state.When aircraft flew in water, realized by the manipulation of empennage upper and lower, left and right.The water displacement of above-mentioned aircraft can be done greatlyyer, does not wait from seven, 800 to more than 1,000 cubic metres.Another kind is the fighter under water as the air combat machine, and the motor of using on the fighter is arranged in airplane tail group.When static, fighter also is adjusted to state of suspension in water, like this, fighter just can be in the design submerged depth upper and lower, left and right flight arbitrarily and hovering, and be not subjected to or be subjected to less the influence of buoyancy.During flight, then realize with the water spraying direction that changes motor in the course of fighter.Weapon is the same with the air combat machine, also is all plug-in.The volume of fighter mostly is used for storing bullet, to increase combat radius as much as possible.What fighter was emphasized under water is high-speed and high maneuverability, so its water displacement is less, generally about three, five hectosteres.

It is contemplated that,, in fighter, load onto guidance system, make it become drone version, in this drone version fighter, load onto bomb again to fighter under water if do smallerly again, does not superfighter just become high-speed torpedo?

The structure of a h type engine h is than b type complexity, much middle approximate oval ball of hollow length, but its static startability is better than b type.During high-speed flight, the efficient of b type so above-mentioned underwater airplane all should be equipped with two kinds of motors of a type and b type simultaneously, uses a type, speed to improve back b type than a type height during static the startup, and when needing spurt, a, b amphitypy are used simultaneously.

Four, the structure of special bullet and special rifle

1, special bullet

1.1, the special bullet used of reciprocating engine

This paper said the front that the special bullet that reciprocating engine is used all was not need bullet.But common bullet has bullet, and bullet is the part of bullet enclosing housing, and bullet without a head does not need bullet, but its needs housing of a sealing equally, and the shock resistance of this housing can't be lower than common bullet, and this is requirement one.Require two to be, when bullet without a head explosion time in special rifle, the bullet front also will have and can be easy to be blown, definitely can not have again exploded one and can not moment the situation of after-flame take place, even slight one.Because if shell case explodes the fragment that falls not by the moment after-flame, residual fragment also has the certain mechanical strength that can not ignore certainly, even after-flame, if the mechanical strength of bits can't be ignored, rush in the cylinder (directly type) of motor with air-flow after, can have a strong impact on the normal operation of motor, if be stuck in (indirect-type) on the snap switch, can make snap switch close or to be not closed completely and to leak gas, and then motor can't normally be moved.Require three to be after shell case reclaims, and can repair a little, promptly reusable.

The method that satisfies above-mentioned requirements is a lot, only introduces two kinds here.

One of method:

(1), earlier be cylinder with one section one end of metallic material manufacturing, an end is that two of round platform communicates, the pipe of dead in line, the length of round platform compares body length, the end diameter of round platform is greater than the diameter of cylinder, and the big end of round platform has one section cylindrical thread, and the external diameter of screw thread is less than the Outside diameter of round platform.The big end welding of cylindrical thread and round platform or other method are formed by connecting.

(2), cylinder be divided into some five equilibriums and cut, incision length is about 80% of a cylinder length.

(3), each equal portions is made the shape (when promptly two equal camber lines of curvature intersected at 2, two camber lines surrounded half of part) of the long melon seeds of half.Make the major part of cylinder form the petal type structure.

(4), allow all petals on the cylinder simultaneously to the axle center bending, forms the sharp oval global shell of length that is similar to that a ventilative lighttight projection or section all more resemble common machine shotgun bullet.

(5), at the thin mould of other material of outer surface plating layer of metal of the approximate sharp oval global shell of length, make it into as a wholely, reach not only light tight but also air-locked purpose.

Through after the above-mentioned five processes, the head of bullet without a head has just been sealed.Next be the bottom encapsulation, package bottom be a lid that cylindrical female is arranged as bottle cap, there is the device that is used for igniting bullet at the center of lid---be commonly called as the fire in a stove before fuel is added.

After the lid of cartridge case and bottom was made, the integral body that next is exactly bullet had been assembled.During the bullet assembling, in shell case, load explosive earlier, be to coat the tackiness agent that matches with the cartridge case material with that (also can internal thread on) on the cylindrical thread of shell case at bottom, then it is screwed in the bottom, after the curing, a bullet without a head that exactly likes the common machine shotgun has just created.

Two of method:

If a kind of like this material---paper cloth is arranged.The writing paper that its thin as general student uses, tensile strength are suitable with the gauze used of general doctor again, and it is not only airtight but also moistureproof ability is arranged to approach mould as plastics, the bullet explosion time, and exploding the paper cloth fragment that falls can be in the moment of exploding, and burnouts or gasifies.Then second of bullet without a head kind of manufacture method can be much simpler than first kind.

Specific practice is:

(1), the shell case of existing most bullets, the diameter of charge segment is all much bigger than the diameter of card warhead section, the length of charge segment is also much longer than the length of card warhead section.Between big or small pipe, some is a changeover portion, can under the situation of profile size constancy, increase the thickness of changeover portion when processing has certain type cartridge case now.This thickness is not to increase uniformly at changeover portion, but many more near the increase of roundlet tube thickness more, and the thickness that increases during near big pipe is zero.After the thickness of changeover portion increased, the interior hole length of little pipe increased.Process annular trough then on the changeover portion that has increased thickness, the section of trough is the fan-shaped of 100---150 degree.

(2), paper cloth is made plate shape.

(3), make the circle that size is suitable, and make the internal diameter of the internal diameter of circle less than little pipe with Spring Steel Wire.Purpose is after bullet is used, easily circle to be taken out from shell case.

(4), in annular trough, coat suitable bonding.

(5), the periphery of paper plate is pressed in the annular trough with the steel wire circle, treat that tackiness agent solidifies after, the interior back cover of cartridge case forward part has just been carried out.

(6), in the cartridge case of sealing the interior end, load explosive.

(7), the screw thread package method that both can introduce with method one of the encapsulation of the cartridge case the other end, also can use other method, but the screw thread package method of recommend method one, so that repair the back repeated use.

After above step, a bullet without a head that exactly likes existing certain type cartridge case has just been produced.

1.2, the special bullet used of flushing type hydro-motor

The bullet that the flushing type hydro-motor is used is the underwater explosion in shower, so shell case and seal section all are disposable products, can't reclaim.The bullet explosion time requires shell case to be scraped, and broken more good more.In blast process, if the fragment of shell case impinges upon on the inwall of shower, it must not have the ability of damage inwall.Equally, before bullet blast, fall into seal section in the water earlier in blast process, if collision on the inwall of shower, it also must not have the ability of damage inwall.

The cartridge case material that meets above-mentioned requirements is the fragility material with certain intensity and hardness.Through screening, wherein duroplasts or plexiglass should be reasonable a kind of.The cartridge case that this material is made is after reaching certain thickness, and shock resistance is better, can accomplish to be not less than common bullet.The bullet explosion time, shell case can be by very brokenly fried, and fragment is easily with current ejection shower.Fried very broken fragment, because hardness is far below the hardness of shower inwall, so, even there is the part fragment to impinge upon on the inwall of shower, do not have the ability of damage shower inwall yet.Owing to the damping function of water, the speed of fragment bump shower inwall can be very not big, more do not have the ability that injures the shower inwall besides.

The material that seal section is used requires good springiness, and certain rigidity is arranged, the water pressure in the time of bearing the aircraft maximum diving depth.The material that meets these requirements, the relative shower inwall of its hardness is low-down, so it does not more have the concerted effort that injures the shower inwall.

The manufacturing of each parts of bullet:

In the manufacture process of bullet, earlier the main body of cartridge case is made the dark bucket shape of the threaded or step of oral area, there is the cone of a projection outside bottom the dark bucket, and tapering has self-lock ability.The inside in dark bucket bottom, be packaged with two electrodes and a spot of primer, the other end of two electrodes all will pass the main body of cartridge case, become two exposed electric contacts, so that contact with two low tension power supply contacts of gun barrel oral area, and then the blast section of igniting bullet, this is a kind of igniting method.Another kind of igniting method is that the electronics apparatus to cause bursting of the electronic ignition device of similar gas lighter is encapsulated in the main body of cartridge case, outside the main body of cartridge case, adorn a little mechanism again, with the blast section that guarantees bullet when being pushed out muzzle, the little mechanism that this little mechanism can be installed in muzzle place operation and in time being detonated automatically.

The oral area of cartridge case encapsulates with the lid as bottle cap.The screw thread or the step that match with cartridge case main body oral area are arranged in the lid, and the external diameter of the external diameter of lid and cartridge case main body equates.The external diameter of cartridge case should be slightly less than the internal diameter of gun barrel.

Seal section is suitable with soft or hard, and elasticity flexible material is preferably made.Its outer surface is a barrel surface, and several annular troughs are arranged on the barrel surface, and inner chamber is a little taper in the big end of mouth, and tapering equates with the tapering of cartridge case main body upper cone.The external diameter of seal section should be slightly larger than the internal diameter of gun barrel.How much big, should determine by the performance of aircraft maximum diving depth and seal section material.

The assembling of bullet:

The cartridge case main body after lid and seal section are carried out respectively, next is exactly the overall package of bullet, and packaging process is:

(1), coats suitable bonding at the seal section inner chamber with relevant surface.

(2), the seal section that coats tackiness agent is contained on the cone of cartridge case, allow its curing.

(3), in the cartridge case that is cured, load explosive.

(4), in the inner chamber coated with adhesive of lid.

(5), the lid that coats tackiness agent is contained in the oral area of cartridge case, treat its curing.

After tackiness agent solidifies, just having created of the two-part bullet without a head of a band seal section.

2, special rifle

2.1, the special rifle used of reciprocating engine

The special rifle that reciprocating engine is used was said in front, was the no pipe rifle that the no pipe of hall is arranged, so, the gun barrel that has certain type rifle now can be removed fully, refill upper flange or threaded connector, and then the mechanism that unloads has been done certain modification just.

Rifle change good after, it be contained in the suction valve front of reciprocating engine or system snap switch the front just.

So the mechanism that unloads will transform, be because common rifle can only withdraw from corresponding common shell case.And the boundary dimension of the bullet without a head that first method is made is almost the same with the common bullet of certain type, and after firing, it can not shorten, so, if do not transformed, possibly can't withdraw from the shell case that does not shorten smoothly.If press the bullet without a head that second method is made, just do not need to transform the drawing-out mechanism of shell case.

2.2, the special rifle used of flushing type hydro-motor

The front said that the special rifle that the flushing type hydro-motor is used was the no hall rifle that Guan Wutang is arranged, the bullet that this rifle is used in two kinds of situation: the one, the not charged source of bullet self, the ignition of bullet will be leaned on the power supply power supply beyond the bullet.Another kind is the electronics apparatus to cause bursting that bullet self has the electronic ignition device on the similar gas lighter.If first kind of bullet, then must on gun barrel, bury two wires underground, at two exposed low tension power supply contacts of muzzle place installing, when the blast section of bullet is pushed out muzzle, two low tension power supply contacts of this of muzzle place are connected with regard to two contacts on automatic and the bullet, thus the blast section of igniting this bullet.If second kind of bullet, then can save the electric wire on the gun barrel and the power supply contact at muzzle place, only need in little mechanism of muzzle place installing the blast section that just can guarantee bullet little mechanism on the operation bullet and ignite bullet automatically when all being released muzzle.

Five, the safety of bullet

In China and foreign countries' war movie film, we often see two such camera lenses: the one, after the porter takes on and is shouldering a chest and be bound to the position, in a hurry cartridge box toward heavy once having put away on the ground.And bullet does not explode because of the bump of resetting.The 2nd, when machine gun was strafed continuously, the bob that cartridge belt does not stop, particularly a root bearing band were when will beat, and it is more fierce to beat, and the bullet that has is frequently Collision gun body also, does not also therefore explode.These two camera lens explanations, the shock resistance of bullet is better, and so long as not too violent bump, bullet can not explode.As long as we design the safety coefficient of special bullet to such an extent that be equal to or higher than common bullet, special bullet is exactly safe.

Not long ago (the chances are in October, 2004-December), 10 in Chinese Central Television (CCTV) has interviewed a senior explosive expert in ST Studio, the expert has said such something: carry out smoothly in order to make blasting work, go in the baking box to bake with delivered to by damp dynamite stick, in accordance with regulations should be with 32 degrees centigrade of constant temperature several hrs, owing to go people's operate miss of roasting explosive, 32 degrees centigrade have been pulled out into 320 degrees centigrade, operated the descendant and just walked.Time for a moment, the expert finds many black smokes of having emerged in the room in the outside, house of putting baking box, and he recognizes at once, and may be that the paper of explosive outside is roasting have fired danger! At this moment, he rushes in the room immediately, opens baking box, takes out also dynamite stick in burning just toward outwash, in time fire is extinguished outside the room, has avoided the generation of an accident.This statement of facts, explosive also have resistance to high temperature preferably.If not misoperation, who dare not go to do this extremely dangerous test.

More than fact of two sections explanations---explosive do not resemble the people imagination danger! As long as we grasp rule, and strictly handle affairs by rule, dangerous explosive will become not dangerous, just can bring a lot of convenience to people's production and life.

In order to ensure safety, avoid bullet in transportation process, to be subjected to violent bump, in factory, will package bullet, the method for packing is a lot, only introduces two kinds here.

1, disc pack:

Earlier bullet is made cartridge belt, again the cartridge belt circle in disk, as the celluloide circle in disk.Through hole is arranged in the middle of the disk, and the disk outside surrounds with the rectangular thin Steel Spring Plate of a slice and fastening gets final product.The material of making disk should have certain buffer capacity (as rigid plastic sheet etc.).

2, rectangular box pack:

This pack also is earlier bullet to be made cartridge belt, and then cartridge belt is got up with " it " font folding in layer, becomes cartridge belt two of multilayer and middle thickness to equate that every layer folding place will take down in order to make folding---3 bullets.That is to say that no matter how many layers folding becomes, it all is a root bearing band.One chest bullet is generally---3 root bearing bands.The gross weight of one chest bearing band generally should be about 50 kilograms, can easily move with two people and be advisable.Cartridge box should be made with the material (as rigid plastic sheet etc.) with certain buffer capacity, and the dividing plate between cartridge belt and the cartridge belt also is like this.

The casing of above-mentioned two kinds of packings is disassemble fully all.Wherein the disc type casing can be converted into two plectanes, the thin Steel Spring Plate of the rectangular of a bracelet and a little cylinder.Rectangular box can be converted into six boxboards and---2 dividing plates.

Packaging box is designed to adorn the chest of folding, is because the space of aircraft is limited, and bullet uses up one case just diffusing empty van of folding, can vacate a large amount of spaces like this, is beneficial to personnel activity and work, and this is an one.It two is, when if aircraft (particularly militant fighter under water) needs that (promptly on the submerge mother ship carrier or at the harbour) replenishes cartridge box halfway, folding loose the back sort out the boxboard placed bundled take out of aircraft, can be much easier, faster, can make the time of once supplying cartridge box short.Concerning militant submarine navigation device, once supply the time of cartridge box even use one hour less or half an hour, all be that the life and death sorrow is closed sometimes.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of piston type explosive engine, it comprises support, bent axle, connecting rod, piston and cylinder, it is characterized in that in the front of cylinder intake valve special rifle being housed.

2,, it is characterized in that between the suction valve of cylinder and special rifle, being equipped with and comprise that enable switch, gas cleaner, filtering element (cartridge) change the parts of switch, gas bag and snap switch according to the described explosive engine of claim (1).

3, a kind of gas turbine formula explosive engine is characterized in that the suction port front at gas turbine, and the parts that comprise enable switch, gas cleaner, filtering element (cartridge) replacing switch, gas bag, snap switch and special rifle are housed.

4,, it is characterized in that special rifle is the no pipe rifle that the no pipe of hall is arranged according to claim (1), (2), (3) described explosive engine.

5, a kind of flushing type water spray explosive engine is characterized in that it comprises a cylinder, and there is an approximate oval ball of hollow length the cylinder the inside, and special rifle is equipped with in the oval ball of hollow length the inside, and gun barrel stretches out outside the oval ball, and muzzle is in the cylinder.

6, according to the described flushing type water spray of claim (5) explosive engine, it is characterized in that the oval ball of hollow length not approximate in the cylinder, special rifle is to put in cylinder outside the tube wall of cylinder, and the center line of gun barrel and the center line of cylinder intersect.

7, according to claim (5), (6) described flushing type water spray explosive engine, it is characterized in that special rifle is the no hall rifle that Guan Wutang is arranged.