CN1831172A - High impact tough alloy material contg. Al, Si, Mgi used for making automobile hub and its producing method - Google Patents
High impact tough alloy material contg. Al, Si, Mgi used for making automobile hub and its producing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle hub using high impact toughness Al-Si-Mg alloy new material and the manufacture method. It uses Al, industrial pure Si, Al-Mg alloy, Al- Cu alloy, Al-Sr alloy, Al-rare earth intermediate alloy, and Ti power as raw material and taking smelting, ultrasonic, electromagnetic wave to whisking equally, degassing by nitrogen, filtering by double stage multi hole ceramic, and casting by water cooling crystallizer. The invention could improve impact toughness, and improve the casting capability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal matrix functional materials and manufacturing technology, be specially adapted to make the high impact toughness aluminium alloy wheel hub of vehicle.
Background technology
Automobile is to the strictness of wheel hub material performance requirement, as in light weight, intensity is high, wear resistance, impelling strength are good etc.At present, the most of aluminium alloy wheel hub that adopts of the high-grade automobile of developed country and China, it is ripe that the aluminium alloy wheel hub production technique has been tending towards, but known aluminum alloy wheel hub material is too much considered castability and fatigue performance, aspect impelling strength, be difficult to satisfy the requirements at the higher level of automobile industry development.The hub alloy made of aluminium alloy trade mark of open report has both at home and abroad:
The U.S.: A356; Japan: Ac4C, Ac4A, ADC3, DX30; China: ZL101A etc., its composition sees Table 1.
Table 1 is the automobile aluminum wheel hub alloy composition both at home and abroad
| Alloy designations | Chemical ingredients % | |||||||||||
| Si | Mg | Fe | Cu | Mn | Zn | Ni | Ti | Pb | Sn | Cr | Al | |
| A356 | 6.5 - 7.5 | 0.25 - 0.45 | ＜ 0.2 | ＜ 0.2 | ＜ 0.1 | ＜ 0.1 | ＜ 0.05 | ＜ 0.2 | ＜ 0.05 | ＜ 0.05 | Surplus | |
| Ac4C | 6.5 - 7.5 | 0.20 - 0.40 | ＜ 0.2 | ＜ 0.2 | ＜ 0.1 | ＜ 0.1 | ＜ 0.05 | ＜ 0.2 | ＜ 0.05 | ＜ 0.05 | ＜ 0.05 | Surplus |
| ZL101A | 6.5 - 7.5 | 0.25 - 0.45 | ＜ 0.2 | ＜ 0.1 | ＜ 0.1 | ＜ 0.1 | 0.08 - 0.2 | ＜ 0.03 | ＜ 0.1 | Surplus | ||
Above-mentioned aluminium wheel hub alloy material is that typical hypoeutectic Al-Si is an alloy, silicon content is low, need to add elements such as magnesium, copper, manganese, zinc, nickel, just can reach working condition requirement through heat treatment step then, thermal effectiveness is subjected to composition influence remarkable, often causes the fluctuation of the final performance of alloy, and such technology and method be thermal treatment cost height not only, and cause batch fluctuation of wheel hub quality easily, thereby reduce yield rate.
Application number 01107885.5 patent described " a kind of Al-alloy material for hub of car and preparation method ", materials A lSi11.Composition: silicon 10-12%, cerium 0.03-0.08%, magnesium 0.2-0.5%, strontium 0.02-0.04%, titanium 0.1-0.2%, all the other are aluminium.Because silicone content is higher in its composition, it is simple to add stirring in man-hour and ingot ways, easily causes comparatively serious silicon segregation in alloy, influences the impelling strength of alloy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome the deficiency of current material and processing method, provides to have researched and developed a kind of high impact toughness alsimag novel material and corresponding preparation method thereof, is particularly useful for the aluminium alloy wheel hub of vehicle manufacturing.
Automotive hub with the mass percent of each component of high impact toughness alsimag is: silicon 6-11%, and magnesium 0.2-0.6%, copper 0.02-0.2%, titanium 0.05-0.3%, strontium 0.02-0.05%, lanthanum 0.02-0.15%, cerium 0.01-0.1%, all the other are aluminium.
Its preparation method may further comprise the steps:
1, at first by industrial pure silicon 7-12%, aluminum magnesium alloy 0.4-1.0%, aluminum-copper alloy 0.05-0.4%, al-sr alloy 0.03-0.06%, the mass percent of aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy 0.05-0.3%, titanium valve 0.08-0.5% is reinforced in smelting furnace, electrolysis fine aluminium liquid 87-92% is added in the smelting furnace again;
2, utilize 780～880 ℃ of fusings of high temperature of electrolytic aluminium liquid to add industrial pure silicon, aluminum magnesium alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy, al-sr alloy and titanium valve in the smelting furnace before this;
3, the temperature of aluminum alloy melt reaches 750-780 ℃ in stove, adopts ultrasonic wave or hertzian wave to do homogenizing and handles 10-20 minute, leaves standstill 20～25 minutes, and aluminum alloy melt is imported degasification tank;
4, with high pure nitrogen the aluminum alloy melt in the degasification tank is carried out degasification;
5, the porous ceramic plate of flowing through of the aluminum alloy melt after the degasification carries out one-level and filters;
6, above the pouring gate of water mold, add porous ceramic plate;
7, after aluminum alloy melt is flowed through and carried out cascade filtration in the water mold casting that is equipped with porous ceramic plate, flow into the vertical shaft water mold and be cast as square rod or pole;
8, bring the vertical shaft water-cooled into by supporting plate, the rods and bars of aluminium alloy of casting.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) directly extract electrolytic aluminium liquid importing smelting furnace and carry out alloy melting, alloying process institute energy requirement mainly comes from the waste heat of aluminium liquid self, and the smelting furnace heating system only plays insulation effect, in a large number save energy;
(2) in aluminium, add rare earth, titanium elements simultaneously, and add some other elements as conditioning agent, utilize rare earth, titanium elements to advantageous effects such as the reinforcement of alumina-base material, purification, grain refinings, and copper, magnesium improve the intensity and the impelling strength of aluminium alloy simultaneously to the aluminium alloy strengthening effect;
(3) ultrasonic wave of fusion process or hertzian wave stirring technique help full and uniformization of alloying constituent, prevent component segregation, do not destroy the surface oxide layer of aluminium alloy liquid simultaneously again, the inspiratory capacity of less aluminum alloy melt;
(4) the twin-stage porous ceramics filter method in the blocks of material casting cycle has been eliminated the oxide inclusion in the alloy liquid casting cycle effectively, and makes the casting flow field more uniform and stable;
(5) through the alsimag of vertical shaft water mold quick cooling casting, need not to heat-treat technology, shorten alloy manufacturing process, improve yield rate;
(6) by ultrasonic wave or the hot direct casting fabrication technique of induction stirring+water-cooled, make the chemical ingredients of cast aluminium alloy rod more even, gas content is lower in the alloy, pinhole rate is in 1 grade, mechanical property is significantly improved, its intensity, wear resistance, resistance to fatigue reach industrial requirements, and impelling strength is 2～3 times of same type of material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention;
Embodiment
Embodiment one
1. at first reinforced in smelting furnace by the mass percent of industrial pure silicon 9%, aluminum magnesium alloy 0.5%, aluminum-copper alloy 0.2%, aluminium rare earth (60%La+40%Ce) master alloy 0.2%, titanium valve 0.2%, al-sr alloy 0.03%, again electrolysis fine aluminium liquid 89.8% is added in the smelting furnace;
2. utilize the high temperature (880 ℃) of electrolytic aluminium liquid to melt industrial pure silicon, aluminum magnesium alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy, al-sr alloy and titanium valve;
3. the temperature of aluminum alloy melt reaches 760 ℃ in stove, adopts ultrasonic wave to do homogenizing and handles 15 minutes, leaves standstill 20 minutes, and aluminum alloy melt is imported degasification tank;
4. use high pure nitrogen that the aluminum alloy melt in the degasification tank is carried out degasification;
5. the porous ceramic plate of flowing through of the aluminum alloy melt after the degasification carries out one-level and filters;
6. above the pouring gate of water mold, add porous ceramic plate;
After carrying out cascade filtration 7.700 ℃ aluminum alloy melt is flowed through in the water mold casting that is equipped with porous ceramic plate, the condensation moulding is brought the vertical shaft water-cooled into by supporting plate, casts the aluminium alloy square rod of 75mm * 75mm.
The automotive hub material of a kind of the best of Sheng Chaning according to the method described above, its chemical ingredients (mass percent) is: silicon 8%, magnesium 0.35%, copper 0.15%, titanium 0.15%, strontium 0.025%, lanthanum 0.08%, cerium 0.07%, all the other are aluminium.Tensile strength 220Mpa, unit elongation 7.5%, 18.60 joules of/centimetre 2 (J/cm2) of impelling strength.
Embodiment two
1. at first reinforced in smelting furnace by the mass percent of industrial pure silicon 7%, aluminum magnesium alloy 0.4%, aluminum-copper alloy 0.05%, aluminium rare earth (60%La+40%Ce) master alloy 0.05%, titanium valve 0.08%, al-sr alloy 0.03%, again electrolysis fine aluminium liquid 92.39% is added in the smelting furnace;
2. utilize the high temperature (880 ℃) of electrolytic aluminium liquid to melt industrial pure silicon, aluminum magnesium alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy, al-sr alloy and titanium valve;
3. the temperature of aluminum alloy melt reaches 760 ℃ in stove, adopts hertzian wave to do homogenizing and handles 15 minutes, leaves standstill 20 minutes, and aluminum alloy melt is imported degasification tank;
4. use high pure nitrogen that the aluminum alloy melt in the degasification tank is carried out degasification;
5. the porous ceramic plate of flowing through of the aluminum alloy melt after the degasification carries out one-level and filters;
6. above the pouring gate of water mold, add porous ceramic plate;
After carrying out cascade filtration 7.700 ℃ aluminum alloy melt is flowed through in the water mold casting that is equipped with porous ceramic plate, the condensation moulding is brought the vertical shaft water-cooled into by supporting plate, casts the aluminium alloy square rod of 75mm * 75mm.
The automotive hub material of a kind of the best of Sheng Chaning according to the method described above, its chemical ingredients (mass percent) is: silicon 6%, magnesium 0.2%, copper 0.02%, titanium 0.05%, strontium 0.02%, lanthanum 0.02%, cerium 0.01%, all the other are aluminium.Tensile strength 209Mpa, unit elongation 6.5%, 17.35 joules of/centimetre 2 (J/cm2) of impelling strength.
Embodiment three
1. at first reinforced in smelting furnace by the mass percent of industrial pure silicon 12%, aluminum magnesium alloy 1.0%, aluminum-copper alloy 0.4%, aluminium rare earth (60%La+40%Ce) master alloy 0.3%, titanium valve 0.5%, al-sr alloy 0.06%, again electrolysis fine aluminium liquid 92.39% is added in the smelting furnace;
2. utilize the high temperature (880 ℃) of electrolytic aluminium liquid to melt industrial pure silicon, aluminum magnesium alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy, al-sr alloy and titanium valve;
3. the temperature of aluminum alloy melt reaches 760 ℃ in stove, adopts hertzian wave to do homogenizing and handles 15 minutes, leaves standstill 20 minutes, and aluminum alloy melt is imported degasification tank;
4. use high pure nitrogen that the aluminum alloy melt in the degasification tank is carried out degasification;
5. the porous ceramic plate of flowing through of the aluminum alloy melt after the degasification carries out one-level and filters;
6. above the pouring gate of water mold, add porous ceramic plate;
After carrying out cascade filtration 7.700 ℃ aluminum alloy melt is flowed through in the water mold casting that is equipped with porous ceramic plate, the condensation moulding is brought the vertical shaft water-cooled into by supporting plate, casts the aluminium alloy square rod of 75mm * 75mm.
The automotive hub material of a kind of the best of Sheng Chaning according to the method described above, its chemical ingredients (mass percent) is: silicon 11%, magnesium 0.6%, copper 0.2%, titanium 0.3%, strontium 0.05%, lanthanum 0.15%, cerium 0.1%, all the other are aluminium.Tensile strength 226Mpa, unit elongation 6%, 17.06 joules of/centimetre 2 (J/cm2) of impelling strength.
Test materials composition (% weight percent)
| Alloy designations | Chemical ingredients, % | |||||||
| Si | Mg | Cu | Al-RE | Ti | Zn | Sr | Al | |
| YM1 | 8 | 0.35 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.025 | Surplus |
| YM2 | 9 | 0.45 | 0.15 | - | 0.15 | ＜ 0.1 | ＜ 0.05 | Surplus |
| YM3 | 10 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.07 | ＜ 0.1 | ＜ 0.05 | Surplus |
The test materials performance comparison
| Impelling strength ak joule/centimetre 2(J/cm 2) | Mpa | Elongation % | |
| A356 | 7.19 | 210 | 6.2 |
| ZL101A | 6.86 | 212 | 6.3 |
| YM1 | 18.60 | 220 | 7.1 |
| YM2 | 17.35 | 209 | 6.5 |
| YM3 | 17.06 | 226 | 6 |
Al-Si-Mg casting alloy impact experiment
| Alloy (as cast condition) | A356 | Ac4C | ZL101A | AlSill | The high impact toughness alsimag |
| Impelling strength ak joule/centimetre 2(J/cm 2) | 7.19 | 7.31 | 6.86 | 6.66 | 17.20 |
| Mpa | 210 | 207 | 212 | 213 | 220 |
Draw from above performance contrast:
Effect of the present invention is to make the impact flexibility of casting alloy be increased to 17.06～18.60J/cm2, and mechanical property satisfies the international standard value, uses this casting alloy in auto industry, can satisfy the requirements at the higher level that high quality car proposes material, performance.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of automotive hub high impact toughness alsimag novel material, the mass percent of this each component of alloy is: silicon 6-11%, magnesium 0.2-0.6%, copper 0.02-0.2%, titanium 0.05-0.3%, strontium 0.02-0.05%, lanthanum 0.02-0.15%, cerium 0.01-0.1%, all the other are aluminium.
2, a kind of automotive hub preparation method of high tenacity alsimag novel material, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) at first by industrial pure silicon 7-12%, aluminum magnesium alloy 0.4-1.0%, aluminum-copper alloy 0.05-0.4%, al-sr alloy 0.03-0.06%, the mass percent of aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy 0.05-0.3%, titanium valve 0.08-0.5% is reinforced in smelting furnace, electrolysis fine aluminium liquid 87-92% is added in the smelting furnace again;
(2) utilize 780～880 ℃ of fusings of high temperature of electrolytic aluminium liquid to add industrial pure silicon, aluminum magnesium alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy, al-sr alloy and titanium valve in the smelting furnace before this;
(3) temperature of aluminum alloy melt reaches 750-780 ℃ in stove, adopts ultrasonic wave or hertzian wave to do homogenizing and handles 10-20 minute, leaves standstill 20～25 minutes, and aluminum alloy melt is imported degasification tank;
(4) with high pure nitrogen the aluminum alloy melt in the degasification tank is carried out degasification;
(5) porous ceramic plate of flowing through of the aluminum alloy melt after the degasification carries out one-level and filters;
(6) above the pouring gate of water mold, add porous ceramic plate;
(7) after aluminum alloy melt is flowed through and carried out cascade filtration in the water mold casting that is equipped with porous ceramic plate, flow into the vertical shaft water mold and be cast as square rod or pole;
(8) bring the vertical shaft water-cooled into by supporting plate, the rods and bars of aluminium alloy of casting.
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| CN1172014C (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2004-10-20 | 山东大学 | Al-alloy material for hub of car and its preparing process |
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