CN1829833A - Flame retardant fiber blends comprising flame retardant cellulosic fibers and fabrics and garments made therefrom - Google Patents

Flame retardant fiber blends comprising flame retardant cellulosic fibers and fabrics and garments made therefrom Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1829833A
CN1829833A CNA2004800219901A CN200480021990A CN1829833A CN 1829833 A CN1829833 A CN 1829833A CN A2004800219901 A CNA2004800219901 A CN A2004800219901A CN 200480021990 A CN200480021990 A CN 200480021990A CN 1829833 A CN1829833 A CN 1829833A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
flame
retardant
cut staple
yarn
fire
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Pending
Application number
CNA2004800219901A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
朱瑞瑶
D·古克尔特
S·L·罗瓦西克
R·帕里
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EIDP Inc
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EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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Publication of CN1829833A publication Critical patent/CN1829833A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D02G3/047—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials including aramid fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
    • D04H1/4342—Aromatic polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
    • D04H1/43828—Composite fibres sheath-core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2915—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including textile, cloth or fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3065—Including strand which is of specific structural definition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3976—Including strand which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous composition, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)

Abstract

An intimate blend of staple fibers has from (10) to (75) parts by weight of at least one aramid staple fiber, from (15) to (80) parts by weight of at least one flame retardant cellulosic staple fiber, and from (5) to (30) parts by weight of at least one polyamide staple fiber. The intimate blend of staple fibers provides yarns and fabrics that are flame retardant, also referred to as fire resistant, and can be used to make flame retardant articles, such as clothing. The flame retardant fabrics may have a basis weight from 0.13 - 0.50 kg/m squared (4 to 15 ounces per square yard).

Description

Comprise the fire resistance fibre blending thing of flame retardant cellulose fiber and by the fabric and the clothes of its manufacturing
Background technology
Exist demand fire-retardant, that be also referred to as fire-resistant fabric, such fabric can be used for making the clothes of the people's dress that is suitable for working near flame, high temperature or arc-flash always.Except that having good hot property, effectively flame-retardant textile should be durable, comfortable, and should be able to be with low cost production.Though the fabric of being made by the fiber of intrinsic anti-flammability has been suitable for protective clothes very much, some feature of these fibers is problematic.For example, these fibers may be difficult to dyeing, and fabric tissue is uncomfortable, and is expensive.In order to address these problems, with intrinsic fire-retardant fiber and the fiber blend of making by other materials.Fiber blend can be used for preparing and has both each the purpose fabric of useful feature that structure divides fiber.Yet such blending causes durability and hot property to reduce usually.
Some fiber blend thing and be well known in the art by the fabric of these blending thing manufacturings.For example, the U.S. Patent number 4,920,000 (Green) that authorize April 24 nineteen ninety discloses a kind of durable thermodurable textile, and it comprises some blending thing of cotton, nylon and heat resistance fiber.The U.S. Patent number 6,132,476 (Lunsford etc.) of authorizing on October 17th, 2000 discloses the fabric blending thing of dyeing, and it comprises intrinsic fire-retardant fiber and the flame retardant cellulose fiber that comprises flame-retardant compound.The U.S. Patent number 6 that authorize July 3 calendar year 2001,254,988B1 (Zhu etc.) discloses the fabric of being made up of specific blending thing, and described blending thing is cotton, nylon and to the blending thing of aramid fibre, this fabric be comfortable, anti-cutting with wear-resisting.The U.S. Patent application publication 2001/0009832A1 (Shaffer etc.) that publish July 26 calendar year 2001 discloses flame-retardant textile, it comprises different warp thread and weft yarn, wherein said warp thread comprises cut staple or filament fiber, and has at least 27 limited oxygen index, described weft yarn comprises natural fabric, and the ratio of warp thread and weft yarn radical is at least 1.0 in fabric.The U.S. Patent number 6,547 of authorizing on April 15th, 2003,835B1 (Lunsford etc.) disclose the method for the flame-retardant textile that is used to dye.
The fabric of making by the yarn of fiber blend thing and above-mentioned discussion, or have poor ABRASION RESISTANCE naturally, perhaps as the U.S. Patent number 4 of mandate on April 24 nineteen ninety, 920, disclosed among 000 (Green), use the cotton fiber of big percentage, it has very low ABRASION RESISTANCE.Fire prevention cloth kimonos dress uses in adverse circumstances usually, and any improvement of ABRASION RESISTANCE that therefore is used for the fabric of these clothes all is important in desirable.Therefore, there are needs to fire resistance fibre blending thing, yarn and the fabric of ABRASION RESISTANCE with raising.
Summary of the invention
According to purpose of the present invention, as embodiment and broadly described in this article, the present invention is the accurate blending thing of cut staple, and it comprises at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple of 10 to 75 weight portions, at least a fire-retardant cellulose cut staple of 15 to 80 weight portions and at least a polyamide staple fiber of 5 to 30 weight portions.
In another embodiment, the present invention is the accurate blending thing of cut staple, and it comprises at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple of 20 to 40 weight portions, at least a fire-retardant cellulose cut staple of 50 to 80 weight portions and at least a polyamide staple fiber of 15 to 20 weight portions.
In another embodiment, the present invention is a kind of of aforesaid accurate blending thing, and wherein said at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple is a poly, and described at least a fire-retardant cellulose cut staple is the flame retardant rayon.
In another embodiment, the present invention is a kind of of aforesaid accurate blending thing, wherein said at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple is a poly, and described at least a fire-retardant cellulose cut staple is included in the silica of the poly-silicic acid form in the cellulose supporting structure, and the amount of the silica of described poly-silicic acid form in the cellulose supporting structure is not more than 40 percetages by weight of described accurate blending thing.
Accurate blending thing of the present invention can be used for making yarn, and described yarn can be used for again making and be used for for example flame-retardant textile of clothes of fire-retardant product.
Can clearer and more definite other scope of applications of the present invention from the following detailed description that provides.Yet, indicated embodiment of the present invention though should be appreciated that described detailed description and certain embodiments, only illustrated, because those skilled in the art describe in detail according to these, with various changes and the correction of recognizing apparently in spirit and scope of the invention.Should be appreciated that above-mentioned general remark and following detailed description both only are exemplary with illustrative, and be not restriction the present invention for required protection.
Describe in detail
Exist making flame-retardant textile, being also referred to as the demand of the fiber blend thing of fire-resistant fabric, described fabric can be used for making clothes and other goods always, and the people that they are suitable near work flame, high temperature or arc-flash or the like use.Make sizable effort and improved the validity of this fibrid blending thing, and made the fabric maintenance that obtains or improve its comfortableness and durability, and reduced its totle drilling cost.The present invention has obtained such progress just in the flame-resistant garment field.
The accurate blending thing of cut staple of the present invention comprises aramid fibre, flame retardant cellulose fiber and polyamide fiber.The ratio of every kind of component is important for obtaining necessary comprehensive physical quality." accurate blending thing " was meant before spinning two or more type of fibers blending.In the present invention, accurate blending thing is by merging aramid fibre, flame retardant cellulose fiber and polyamide fiber with fibers form, is spun into one-ply yarn then and forms." yarn " is meant that spinning or twisting form the aggregation of the fiber of continuous tow together, and it can be used for braiding, knitting, braid or woollen yarn knitting, perhaps otherwise makes textile material or fabric.Such yarn can be by being used for the commonsense method manufacturing with the cut staple spun yarn, for example ring spinning, and the perhaps open-end spinning technology of fair speed, Murata air jet spinning for example, wherein air is used to cut staple is twisted resultant yarn.
The accurate blending thing of cut staple of the present invention comprises aramid fibre, and it is intrinsic anti-flammability." aramid fibre " is meant one or more by the fiber that one or more aromatic polyamides are made, and wherein (CONH-) key is directly connected on two aromatic rings at least 85% acid amides.Aromatic polyamides reacts the generation amido link by aromatic dicarboxylic acid chloride and aromatic diamine and forms in amide solvent.Aramid fibre can utilize many methods to carry out spinning by dry method or wet spinning, however U.S. Patent number 3,063,966; 3,227,793; 3,287,324; 3,414,645; 3,869,430; 3,869,429; 3,767,756; With 5,667,743rd, be used to produce the example of the useful spinning process that can be used for fiber of the present invention.
Common available aramid fibre has two kinds of different classifications, aramid fibre or m-aramid fibre promptly, wherein a kind ofly form by poly, it is also referred to as MPD-I, with to aramid fibre or p-aramid fibre, wherein a kind ofly form, be also referred to as PPD-T by PPTA.Between aramid fibre generally can several forms, with trade mark NOMEX Available from E.I.DuPont deNemours of Wilmington, Delaware: NOMEX T-450 It is 100% aromatic polyamides; NOMEX T-455 Be 95%NOMEX And 5%KEVLAR (to aromatic polyamides) blend; And NOMEX IIIA (be also referred to as NOMEX T-462 ) be 93%NOMEX , 5%KEVLAR Blend with 2% carbon heart nylon.In addition, an aramid fibre can trade mark CONEX And APYEIL Obtain, they are produced by the Teijin Co., Ltd of Tokyo and the Unitika Co., Ltd of Osaka, Japan respectively.Generally can trade mark KEVLAR to aramid fibre From E.I.DuPont de Nemours ofWilmington, the Delaware obtains and with trade mark TWARON Obtain from the Teijin Co., Ltd of Tokyo.For purpose of the present invention, TECHNORA Fiber, it can be available from the Teijin Co., Ltd of Tokyo, and is made by copolymerization (to phenylene/3,4 ' diphenyl terephthalamide), is considered aramid fibre.
In one embodiment of the invention, described at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple is a poly.
The accurate blending thing of cut staple of the present invention also comprises flame retardant cellulose fiber.The fire-retardant cellulose cut staple is made up of one or more one or more flame-retardant compounds of cellulose fiber peacekeeping.Cellulose fibre, for example artificial silk, acetate, triacetate and lyocell, they are the common names derived from cellulosic fiber, are well-known in the art.
Cellulose fibre is not though the softness and cheap of comparing with intrinsic flame retardant fiber is fire-resistant naturally.In order to improve the fire retardancy of these fibers, merge with one or more fire retardants introducing cellulose fibres or with cellulose fibre.This based flame retardant can be introduced by the following method: with the fire retardant spinning in cellulose fibre, with fire retardant coated fiber cellulose fiber, cellulose fibre contacted with fire retardant and make cellulose fibre absorb fire retardant, perhaps other anyly introduce cellulose fibre with fire retardant or with the method for fire retardant with the cellulose fibre merging.There are various these based flame retardants, comprise for example some phosphorus compound, as SANDOLAST9000 , generally can be available from Sandoz, some antimonial or the like.Generally speaking, the cellulose fibre that comprises one or more fire retardants is named as " FR ", in order to the expression fire retardant.Therefore, for example FR artificial silk, FR acetate, FR triacetate and FRIyocell can be used for the present invention to flame retardant cellulose fiber.Flame retardant cellulose fiber can also obtain by various trade marks, for example VISIL , it can be available from the Sateri Oy of Finland.VISIL Fibre bag is contained in the silica of the poly-silicic acid form in the cellulose supporting structure, and wherein said poly-silicic acid comprises the alumina silicate position.When accurate blending thing of the present invention comprises VISIL During fiber, VISIL Fiber should exist with the amount that is not more than 40 percetages by weight based on accurate blending thing.The method that is used to produce flame retardant cellulose fiber for example usually is disclosed in the U.S. Patent number 5,417,752.
In one embodiment of the invention, described at least a flame retardant cellulose fiber is the flame retardant rayon.Artificial silk is well-known in the art, and is the common name of the long filament made by the solution of various modified celluloses, and it is made by the compacting or the described cellulose solution that stretches.The cellulose base-material that is used to make artificial silk derives from wood pulp.
In another embodiment of the invention, described at least a fire-retardant cellulose cut staple is included in the silica of the poly-silicic acid form in the cellulose supporting structure, and the amount of the silica of the poly-silicic acid form in the cellulose supporting structure is not more than 40 percetages by weight based on described accurate blending thing.
The accurate blending thing of cut staple of the present invention also comprises polyamide fiber." polyamide fiber " is meant that one or more by the fiber that one or more fatty polyamide polymer are made, usually are called as nylon.Example comprises polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66), polycaprolactam (nylon 6), polybutyrolactam (nylon 4), poly-(9 aminononanoic acid) (nylon 9), poly-oenantholcatam (nylon 7), poly capryllactam (nylon 8) and polyhexamethylene sebacamide (nylon 6,10).Nylon fiber usually is expressed in the gas setting medium by capillary by the melt with polymer and comes spinning.When nylon is the polyamide fiber that forms in the accurate blending thing of cut staple of yarn, when such yarn forms fabric preferably used as warp thread, to improve protective effect at final fabric or in to the pressure release surface wearing and tearing by so textile clothes.In one embodiment of the invention, when nylon is used to make fabric of the present invention or clothes by this way, fabric of the present invention or clothes, compare with the fabric that does not similarly have nylon, estimate to have the ABRASION RESISTANCE that exceeds above 10%, described ABRASION RESISTANCE is measured with the periodicity that causes destroying according to abrasion test as described below.Yet, in fabric, exist too many nylon will make fabric become stiff, and when fabric is exposed to high temperature momently, lose drapability.
In one embodiment of the invention, nylon fiber has the line density of 1 to 3 dtex.In another embodiment, nylon fiber has the line density of 1 to 1.5 dtex.In another embodiment, nylon fiber has the line density of about 1.1 dtexs.
The accurate blending thing of cut staple of the present invention can be used for making fire-retardant yarn and fabric.These yarns and fabric can be used for making fire-retardant product, for example flame-resistant garment and cloth, and it especially can use for the approaching workman of fire fighter and other and flame, high temperature or arc-flash.Usually, " fire-retardant " is meant in air, and after contacting a short time with flame, fabric is not supported flaming combustion.More properly, " fire-retardant " can define according to vertical fire retardancy test as described below.After being exposed to flame 12 seconds, flame-retardant textile preferably has the char length less than six inches.Term " fire-retardant ", " anti-combustion ", " back-fire relief " and " fire-resistant " are used in industry interchangeably, and in the present invention, " fire-retardant " compound, fiber, yarn, fabric and clothes can be described as " anti-combustion ", " back-fire relief " and " fire-resistant " in the same manner.
The cut staple that is used to spin has particular length and specific line density usually.For use in the present invention, the synthetic fiber cut staple length that can use 2.5 to 15 centimetres (1 to 6 inches) and reach 25 centimetres (10 inches), and the length of 3.8 to 11.4 centimetres (1.5 to 4.5 inches) is preferred.Have been found that by cut staple length to require too high twist level, to keep processing needed intensity less than the yarn of this fibrid manufacturing of 2.5 centimetres.More be difficult to make by the yarn of cut staple length, because the tendency that long fiber has entanglement and ruptures produces short fiber greater than this fibrid manufacturing of 15 centimetres.According to the needs of any specific purpose, synthetic cut staple can be curl or non-crimping.Cut staple of the present invention is made by continuous filament yarn being cut to certain predetermined length usually.Yet cut staple can otherwise be made, and for example by stretching-fracture, and yarn can be by such fiber and by the cut staple of various different lengths or by the cut staple manufacturing of the different length of certain distribution.
In one embodiment of the invention, yarn of the present invention can be used for making flame-retardant textile, and this fabric is by with yarn weaving of the present invention, knitting or otherwise in conjunction with the cloth produced.Flame-retardant textile can be configured to have the warp thread that comprises yarn of the present invention, has the weft yarn that comprises yarn of the present invention, perhaps has the warp thread and the weft yarn that comprise yarn of the present invention.According to desirable fabric feature, when fabric when only (i.e. only weft yarn or only warp thread) uses yarn of the present invention in a direction, other yarns that are fit to can be used to other directions.In order to obtain best ABRASION RESISTANCE, yarn of the present invention is used to warp-wise, because warp thread forms the major part of the direct contact surface of fabric usually.This makes the outer surface of the fabric of clothing form have best ABRASION RESISTANCE.
In one embodiment of the invention, flame-retardant textile has the basis weight of 4 to 15 ounce per square yard.In another embodiment of the invention, flame-retardant textile has the basis weight of 5.5 to 11 ounce per square yard.Such fabric can be made into clothing item, and the form of shirt, trousers, Work Clothes, apron, overcoat or any other individual layer or multilayer for example is for use in scintillation or arc protection.
Embodiment further describes goods of the present invention below with reference to work.Yet, should be pointed out that notion of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of these embodiment fully.
Test method
Following test method is used to following examples.
Thermal protective performance test (TPP)
The barrier propterty of the expectation of fabric in heat and flame uses " thermal protective performance test " (NFPA 2112) to measure.With specific heat flux (common 84kW/m 2), a part of flame being aimed at the fabric that is installed in horizontal level.Described method of testing the has been used copper bolt calorimeter measurement heat energy that transmits by sample from described thermal source, wherein between fabric and thermal source without any at interval.Use characterizes the terminal point of test by the simplified model (" Transactions NewYork Academy Science ", 1971,33,649 pages) of Stoll and Chianta exploitation by means of the needed time of the second degree skin burn that reaches expectation.In this test is the value of sample appointment, is expressed as " TPP value ", is to reach the needed total heat energy of described terminal point, and the direct heat source exposure time that perhaps reaches the process of burning of expectation multiply by the heat flux of incident.Higher TPP value representation is heat-insulating property preferably.
Vertical fire retardancy test
" vertical fire retardancy test " (ASTM D6413) as screening test, determines whether fabric burns usually, whether has any fire resistance with the prediction clothing item.According to this test, 3 * 12 inches fabric portions are vertically fixing, and specific flame is put on the lower limb 12 seconds of fabric.The record fabric is to being exposed to the response of flame.Measure the length that fabric is burned or burn.Also measured the time that residual flame (being fabric portions burning away after removing test flame) and nonflame prolong combustion (it is characterized in that fabric portions removing smouldering after testing flame).In addition, the fusion and the drippage of fabric portions have been write down.For industrial worker's clothes, fireman's fire-entry suit and fire-retardant place clothes and military uniform, be known based on the qualified/underproof standard of this method.According to industrial standard, if fabric has char length less than six inches after 12 seconds being exposed to flame, can think that then it is fire-retardant or fire-resistant.
Abrasion test
ABRASION RESISTANCE uses ASTM method D3884 to measure, and wherein uses Taber ABRASION RESISTANCE measuring instrument (can be available from Teledyne Taber, 455 Bryant St., North Tonawanda N.Y.14120), uses the H-18 wheel, 500 gram loads.The periodicity report of Taber ABRASION RESISTANCE to cause destroying.
Tear strength test
The tearing strength measurement is based on ASTM D5587.The tearing strength of fabric is by trapezoidal process, service recorder constant rate of elongation type (CRE) stretching test machine determination.Tearing strength as what measure in this test method, requires to cause before test and tears.Sample in the cutting of the center on trapezoidal minimum base, is torn beginning.The trapezoidal non-parallel side of mark is clipped in the parallel jaws of cupping machine.Increase the spacing of clamp continuously,, the tearing port that strides across sample is enlarged to apply power.The power of record generation simultaneously.Calculate the power that continues of tearing that makes by autochart recorder or microprocessor data gathering system.Two kinds of methods of calculating trap tear strength are provided: the mean value of single peak force and five peak-peak power.For embodiments herein, used single peak force.
Grab the sample fracture strength test
The measurement of grabbing the sample fracture strength is based on ASTM D5034, and it is to the fracture strength of fabric or other sheet materials and the mensuration of percentage elongation.100 millimeters (4.0 inches) wide samples medially are fixed in the clamp of cupping machine, and apply power, break up to sample.Obtain the disruptive force of sample and the value of percentage elongation from machine scale or the computer that is connected with testing machine.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Prepared comfortable and durable fabric from warp thread and weft yarn, described warp thread comprises NOMEX The accurate blending thing of type 462 cut staples, fire-retardant (FR) artificial silk cut staple and nylon cut staple, described weft yarn comprise the accurate blending thing of FR artificial silk cut staple and nylon cut staple.NOMEX Type 462 is poly (MPD-I) cut staple, 5% weight PPTA (PPD-T) cut staple and 2% wt carbon-core nylon-Pi static dissipative cut staple (P-140 types of 93% weight, can be available from E.I.DuPont de Nemours of Wilmington, Delaware).FR artificial silk is the cellulose fibre that comprises flame-retardant compound, and nylon is polyhexamethylene adipamide.The NOMEX for preparing 40 percetages by weight The scutcher blended yarn sliver of the FR artificial silk cut staple of type 462 cut staples, 45 percetages by weight and the nylon cut staple of 15 percetages by weight, and by means of common cotton system, use ring spinner, be processed into spun yarn with twist multiplier of 3.5.The yarn of Zhi Zaoing is 19.7 spies (30 yarn count) single thread like this.Then two single thread are pooled capital on buncher, make double strand yarn.Use similar technology and identical twisting and yarn density, use the blended yarn of the nylon fiber of the FR artificial silk cut staple of 75 percetages by weight and 25 percetages by weight to make double strand yarn.
In fly-shuttle loom, in 3 * 1 twill structures with NOMEX / FR artificial silk/nylon yarn is used as weft yarn as warp thread with FR artificial silk/nylon yarn.Former base TWILL CLOTH has the structure of 36 warp thread * 22 picks per centimeter (92 warp thread * 57 picks per inch), and basis weight is 323g/m 2(9.7oz/yd 2).The former base TWILL CLOTH of above-mentioned manufacturing is washed in hot water and drying under low-tension.Fabric with flushing uses acid dyeing then.Test the hot property and the mechanical performance of final fabric then.The results are shown in the table 1 of these tests.
The result of the test of table 1. embodiment 1
Fabric Design Warp thread NOMEX / FR artificial silk/nylon 40/45/15 weight %
Weft yarn FR artificial silk/nylon 75/25 weight %
Test description Unit Value
Basis weight oz/y 2 9.7
Yam count Number (warp thread * weft yarn) 30/2×30/2
TPP Card/cm 2 17.2
Vertical flame burns Inch (warp thread * weft yarn) 4.7×2.4
Abrasion Cycle 1578
Tear resistance Lbf (warp thread * weft yarn) 26.6×11.0
Grab the sample fracture strength Lbf (warp thread * weft yarn) 191.0×97.8
Embodiment 2
Make comfortable and durable fabric according to embodiment 1, yet warp thread is by the NOMEX of 20 percetages by weight The FR artificial silk cut staple of type 462 cut staples, 55 percetages by weight and the nylon cut staple of 25 percetages by weight are made, and spun yarn has 3.7 twist multiplier.The yarn of Zhi Zaoing is 24.6 spies (24 English cotton yarn count) single thread like this.Then two single thread are pooled capital on buncher, make double strand yarn.Use technology similar to Example 1 to make single thread with identical amount of twist, it comprises 20 percetage by weight NOMEX The blended yarn of type 462 cut staples and 80 percetage by weight FR artificial silk cut staples has the line density of 32.8 spies (18 English cotton yarn count).Then two these yarns plying are formed folded yarn.
In fly-shuttle loom, in 3 * 1 twill structures, respectively with NOMEX / FR artificial silk/nylon yarn and NOMEX / FR artificial silk is as warp thread and weft yarn.Former base TWILL CLOTH has the structure of 26 warp thread * 17 picks per centimeter (66 warp thread * 44 picks per inch), and basis weight is 323g/m 2(9.7oz/yd 2).The former base TWILL CLOTH of above-mentioned manufacturing is washed in hot water and drying under low-tension.Fabric with flushing uses acid dyeing then.Test the hot property and the mechanical performance of final fabric.The results are shown in the table 2 of these tests.
The result of the test of table 2. embodiment 2
Fabric Design Warp thread NOMEX / FR artificial silk/nylon 20/55/25 weight %
Weft yarn NOMEX / FR artificial silk 20/80 weight %
Test description Unit Value
Basis weight oz/y 2 9.7
Yam count Number (warp thread * weft yarn) 24/2×18/2
TPP Card/cm 2 16.9
Vertical flame burns Inch (warp thread * weft yarn) 1.0×1.3
Abrasion Cycle 784
Tear resistance 1bf (warp thread * weft yarn) 18.3×14.8
Grab the sample fracture strength Lbf (warp thread * weft yarn) 121.1×124.9
Embodiment 3
Make fabric according to embodiment 1, yet warp thread and weft yarn are by the NOMEX of 50 percetages by weight The VISIL of type 462 cut staples, 35 percetages by weight The nylon cut staple of cut staple and 15 percetages by weight is made, and this spun yarn has 3.7 twist multiplier.The yarn of Zhi Zaoing is 24.6 spies (24 English cotton yarn count) single thread like this.Then these yarns of two are pooled capital on buncher, make double strand yarn.Use identical fibrous, technology and twist multiplier, make the single thread of 32.8 spies (18 English cotton yarn count).Then two these yarns plying are formed folded yarn.
In fly-shuttle loom, in 3 * 1 twill structures, with NOMEX / VISIL / nylon yarn is as warp thread and weft yarn.Former base TWILL CLOTH has the structure of 23 warp thread * 16 picks per centimeter (58 warp thread * 40 picks per inch), and basis weight is 247.5g/m 2(7.3oz/yd 2).The former base TWILL CLOTH of above-mentioned manufacturing is washed in hot water and drying under low-tension.Fabric with flushing uses acid dyeing then.Test the hot property and the mechanical performance of final fabric.The results are shown in the table 3 of these tests.
The result of the test of table 3. embodiment 3
Fabric Design Warp thread NOMEX /VISIL / nylon 50/35/15 weight %
Weft yarn NOMEX VISIL / nylon 50/35/15 weight %
Test description Unit Value
Basis weight oz/y 2 7.3
Yam count Number (warp thread * weft yarn) 24/2×18/2
TPP Card/cm 2 14.4
Vertical flame burns Inch (warp thread * weft yarn) 3.7×3.2
Abrasion Cycle 558
Tear resistance Lbf (warp thread * weft yarn) 30.1×34.2
Grab the sample fracture strength Lbf (warp thread * weft yarn) 157.1×168.7

Claims (20)

1. the accurate blending thing of a cut staple, it comprises: at least a polyamide staple fiber of at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple of 10 to 75 weight portions, at least a fire-retardant cellulose cut staple of 15 to 80 weight portions and 5 to 30 weight portions.
2. the accurate blending thing of claim 1 wherein exists the described at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple of 20 to 40 weight portions, the described at least a fire-retardant cellulose cut staple of 50 to 80 weight portions and the described at least a polyamide staple fiber of 15 to 20 weight portions.
3. the accurate blending thing of claim 1, wherein said at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple is selected from aramid fibre, an aramid fibre and its mixture.
4. the accurate blending thing of claim 2, wherein said at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple is selected from aramid fibre, an aramid fibre and its mixture.
5. the accurate blending thing of claim 1, wherein said at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple is a poly, and described at least a fire-retardant cellulose cut staple is the flame retardant rayon.
6. the accurate blending thing of claim 2, wherein said at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple is a poly, and described at least a fire-retardant cellulose cut staple is the flame retardant rayon.
7. the accurate blending thing of claim 1, wherein said at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple is a poly, and described at least a fire-retardant cellulose cut staple is included in the silica of the poly-silicic acid form in the cellulose supporting structure, and the amount of the silica of described poly-silicic acid form in the cellulose supporting structure is not more than 40 percetages by weight of described accurate blending thing.
8. the accurate blending thing of claim 2, wherein said at least a aromatic polyamides cut staple is a poly, and described at least a fire-retardant cellulose cut staple is included in the silica of the poly-silicic acid form in the cellulose supporting structure, and the amount of the silica of described poly-silicic acid form in the cellulose supporting structure is not more than 40 percetages by weight of described accurate blending thing.
9. yarn, it comprises the accurate blending thing of claim 1.
10. flame-retardant textile, it comprises the yarn of claim 9.
11. the flame-retardant textile of claim 10, the basis weight of wherein said flame-retardant textile are 4 to 15 ounce per square yard.
12. flame-resistant garment goods, it comprises the flame-retardant textile of claim 11.
13. the flame-retardant textile of claim 10, the basis weight of wherein said flame-retardant textile are 5.5 to 11 ounce per square yard.
14. flame-resistant garment goods, it comprises the flame-retardant textile of claim 13.
15. a yarn, it comprises the accurate blending thing of claim 5.
16. a flame-retardant textile, it comprises the yarn of claim 15.
17. the flame-retardant textile of claim 16, the basis weight of wherein said flame-retardant textile are 4 to 15 ounce per square yard.
18. flame-resistant garment goods, it comprises the flame-retardant textile of claim 17.
19. the flame-retardant textile of claim 16, the basis weight of wherein said flame-retardant textile are 5.5 to 11 ounce per square yard.
20. flame-resistant garment goods, it comprises the flame-retardant textile of claim 19.
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CN102859055B (en) * 2010-04-08 2015-11-25 纳幕尔杜邦公司 There is the crystalline m-aramid blend for anti-deflagration and electric arc of the comfortableness of improvement
CN103221595A (en) * 2010-11-24 2013-07-24 连津格股份公司 Flame resistant fabric for protective clothing
CN103857837A (en) * 2011-09-02 2014-06-11 纳幕尔杜邦公司 High moisture regain yarn, fabrics, and garments having superior arc protection
CN103857837B (en) * 2011-09-02 2016-10-12 纳幕尔杜邦公司 There are high regain yarn, fabric and the clothing of the prevention of arc of excellence
CN103989275A (en) * 2013-02-18 2014-08-20 W.L.戈尔有限公司 Flame protective fabric structure
CN106687632A (en) * 2014-06-13 2017-05-17 南磨房公司 Flame resistant fabric having high tenacity long staple yarns
US11306418B2 (en) 2014-06-13 2022-04-19 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabric having high tenacity long staple yarns
CN105495750A (en) * 2014-09-22 2016-04-20 株式会社钟化 Flame-retardant cloth and protective garment comprising same
CN105495750B (en) * 2014-09-22 2018-06-05 株式会社钟化 Flame-retardant fabric and the protective garment containing the cloth and silk
CN110042565A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-07-23 中科国联劳动防护技术研究院(北京)有限公司 A kind of fire-retardant arc protection blend based on fire extinguishing type fire-retardant regenerated cellulose fiber

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JP2007500803A (en) 2007-01-18
US20050025962A1 (en) 2005-02-03
CA2530293A1 (en) 2005-03-03
WO2005019512A2 (en) 2005-03-03
WO2005019512A3 (en) 2005-05-12
BRPI0412071A (en) 2006-09-05
KR20060041294A (en) 2006-05-11
MXPA06001009A (en) 2006-04-11

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